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Mohammadi M, Abbaszadeh S, Nosrati-Siahmazgi V, Akbari M, Rezaei S, Musaie K, Eskandari MR, Santos HA, Poursina N, Shahbazi MA. Diatom-guided bone healing via a hybrid natural scaffold. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25878. [PMID: 38384564 PMCID: PMC10878915 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) involves the design of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds that aim to address current challenges of bone defect healing, such as limited donor availability, disease transmission risks, and the necessity for multiple invasive surgeries. Scaffolds can mimic natural bone structure to accelerate the mechanisms involved in the healing process. Herein, a crosslinked combination of biopolymers, including gelatin (GEL), chitosan (CS), and hyaluronic acid (HA), loaded with diatom (Di) and β-sitosterol (BS), is used to produce GCH-Di-S scaffold by freeze-drying method. The GCH scaffold possesses a uniform structure, is biodegradable and biocompatible, and exhibits high porosity and interconnected pores, all required for effective bone repair. The incorporation of Di within the scaffold contributes to the adjustment of porosity and degradation, as well as effectively enhancing the mechanical property and biomineralization. In vivo studies have confirmed the safety of the scaffold and its potential to stimulate the creation of new bone tissue. This is achieved by providing an osteoconductive platform for cell attachment, prompting calcification, and augmenting the proliferation of osteoblasts, which further contributes to angiogenesis and anti-inflammatory effects of BS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Mohammadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, 45139-56184 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Samin Abbaszadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Science, 45139-56111 Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Vahideh Nosrati-Siahmazgi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, 45139-56184 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mahsa Akbari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, 45139-56184 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Saman Rezaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, 45139-56184 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Kiyan Musaie
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hélder A. Santos
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Narges Poursina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, 45139-56184 Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, 45139-56184 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
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Abedimanesh N, Motlagh B, Hejazi J, Eskandari MR, Asghari-Jafarabadi M, Mazloomzadeh S. Biomarker-based validation of a food frequency questionnaire for the assessment of omega-3 fatty acid status in a healthy Iranian population. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14813. [PMID: 37684272 PMCID: PMC10491660 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41623-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
There is no valid instrument to assess n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) intake in Iran. This study aims to develop a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) that estimates the intake of n-3 PUFA and validate it in a healthy Iranian population based on the n-3 PUFA content of red blood cells (RBCs) and a 3-day food record (FR). A healthy population (n = 221) was recruited between February and July 2021. Participants completed the new FFQ and 3-day FR to evaluate the average intake of n-3 PUFAs. We used gas chromatography to assess the n-3 PUFA content of RBCs. To validate the FFQ based on FR and biomarker as references, the correlation coefficient was calculated. According to the Bland-Altman plots, a good agreement was found between the new FFQ and FR. Moreover, absolute intake values of ALA, EPA, DPA, DHA, and total n-3 PUFAs based on FFQ were positively correlated to their respective RBC membrane levels (coefficients between 0.205 and 0.508, p < 0.005) and FR (coefficients between 0.771 and 0.827, p < 0.001). This new FFQ is a valid instrument that can be applied to estimate the n-3 PUFA status of healthy Iranian adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Abedimanesh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Behrooz Motlagh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Jalal Hejazi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asghari-Jafarabadi
- Cabrini Research, Cabrini Health, Malvern, VIC, 3144, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
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Musaie K, Abbaszadeh S, Nosrati-Siahmazgi V, Qahremani M, Wang S, Eskandari MR, Niknezhad SV, Haghi F, Li Y, Xiao B, Shahbazi MA. Metal-coordination synthesis of a natural injectable photoactive hydrogel with antibacterial and blood-aggregating functions for cancer thermotherapy and mild-heating wound repair. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:2486-2503. [PMID: 36779258 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01965e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a promising approach for treating cancer. However, it suffers from the formation of local lesions and subsequent bacterial infection in the damaged area. To overcome these challenges, the strategy of mild PTT following the high-temperature ablation of tumors is studied to achieve combined tumor suppression, wound healing, and bacterial eradication using a hydrogel. Herein, Bi2S3 nanorods (NRs) are employed as a photothermal agent and coated with hyaluronic acid to obtain BiH NRs with high colloidal stability. These NRs and allantoin are loaded into an injectable Fe3+-coordinated hydrogel composed of sodium alginate (Alg) and Farsi gum (FG), which is extracted from Amygdalus scoparia Spach. The hydrogel can be used for localized cancer therapy by high-temperature PTT, followed by wound repair through the combination of mild hyperthermia and allantoin-mediated induction of cell proliferation. In addition, an outstanding blood clotting effect is observed due to the water-absorbing ability and negative charge of FG and Alg as well as the porous structure of hydrogels. The hydrogels also eradicate infection owing to the local heat generation and intrinsic antimicrobial activity of the NRs. Lastly, in vivo studies reveal an efficient photothermal-based tumor eradication and accelerated wound healing by the hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyan Musaie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, 45139-56184 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Samin Abbaszadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, 45139-56111 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Vahideh Nosrati-Siahmazgi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, 45139-56184 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qahremani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, 45139-56184 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Shige Wang
- School of Materials and Chemistry, the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, P.R. China
| | - Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, 45139-56184 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Seyyed Vahid Niknezhad
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 1, USA
| | - Fakhri Haghi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, 45139-56111 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Yulin Li
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Centre for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China.
| | - Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, 45139-56184 Zanjan, Iran.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands. .,W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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Eftekhar M, Panahi Y, Eskandari MR, Pedram M. Association Study between DUF1220 Copy Number and Severity of Social Impairment in Sex-balanced Simplex Cases of Autism. Noro Psikiyatr Ars 2023; 60:43-48. [PMID: 36911566 PMCID: PMC9999218 DOI: 10.29399/npa.28020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Copy number variations (CNVs), which are genetic factors responsible for human evolution, have emerged as underlying pathogenic factors for a number of diseases such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD). DUF1220 coding sequences have been shown to be positively associated with the severity of symptoms in familial/multiplex cases of autism. However, this association has not been confirmed in simplex autism, and the potential impact of gender/sex has not been studied. Methods Using saliva samples taken from Iranian children with non-syndromic simplex autism, different ethnicity/race and genetic backgrounds from previous studies, we assessed the association between DUF1220 CNVs and Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) domain scores in both males and females. Results In the male and female combined group with autism, in line with previous reports, our findings showed that there were no significant associations between DUF1220 CNVs with either total ADI-R score, social, communication, or repetitive diagnostic scores in simplex autism cases. Interestingly, however, in sex classified groups, despite the insignificant results, our findings in girls with autism showed a negative trend between DUF1220 CNVs and severity of symptoms for the social interaction and communication domains. By contrast, in male children with autism, the results showed a positive trend. Conclusion It seems that association of DUF1220 CNV with the severity of symptoms in simplex children with autism may follow a sexually dimorphic pattern that needs to be re-examined in prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Eftekhar
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Yasin Panahi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Pedram
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Mousavi M, Abedimanesh N, Mohammadnejad K, Sharini E, Nikkhah M, Eskandari MR, Motlagh B, Mohammadnejad J, Khodabandehloo H, Fathi M, Talebi M. Betanin alleviates oxidative stress through the Nrf2 signaling pathway in the liver of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9345-9354. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07781-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Ahmadian Z, Dargahi AR, Musaie K, Eskandari MR. Preparation and in vivo toxicity study of allantoin incorporated hyaluronic acid-L-cysteine oral solution: A future treatment for mucositis. Pharm Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.34172/ps.2021.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA) with interesting properties, such as muco-adhesiveness, enzyme inhibitory, permeation enhancing, and release controlling properties can be applied for drug delivery in various diseases like mucositis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stability and toxicity of thiol modified HA by the aid of L-cysteine ethyl ester hydrochloride (Cys) named (HA-Cys) and allantoin (Alla) incorporated HA-Cys (HA-Cys-Alla) to reveal their potential for the future treatment of mucositis. Methods: The HA modification and drug incorporation were investigated using FTIR spectroscopy. The evaluation of in vitro cytotoxicity on Caco-2 cell line by means of MTT assay and in vivo toxicity by measuring the hematological and biochemical parameters in rats were performed. The appearance stability of HA-Cys and HA-Cys-Alla was evaluated at room and refrigerator temperatures over time. In addition, the stability of HA-Cys and HA-Cys-Alla subjected to heating and cooling, freeze-thaw, centrifugal forces, as well as the pH stability under the above-mentioned conditions were also investigated. Results: The results indicated that the synthesized HA-Cys and HA-Cys-Alla with pseudo-plastic rheological behavior demonstrated excellent stability at refrigerator temperature. Although HA-Cys showed good stability, the HA-Cys-Alla revealed color change at room temperature. Moreover, despite no much resistance of HA-Cys and HA-Cys-Alla against the heating-cooling test, the samples exhibited good resistance against freeze-thaw and centrifugal forces. Also, convenient pH stability and high in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility were observed. Conclusions: The low in vitro and in vivo toxicity and convenient stability of HA-Cys-Alla has introduced it as a proper candidate for future clinical applications.
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Abedimanesh N, Asghari S, Mohammadnejad K, Daneshvar Z, Rahmani S, Shokoohi S, Farzaneh AH, Hosseini SH, Jafari Anarkooli I, Noubarani M, Andalib S, Eskandari MR, Motlagh B. The anti-diabetic effects of betanin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats through modulating AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2021; 18:92. [PMID: 34656137 PMCID: PMC8520181 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-021-00621-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the last few years, the effects of bioactive food components have received much attention because of their beneficial effects including decreasing inflammation, scavenging free radicals, and regulating cell signaling pathways. Betanin as a potent antioxidant has been previously reported to exhibit anti diabetic effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of betanin on glycemic control, lipid profile, hepatic function tests, as well as the gene expression levels of 5′ adenosine monophosphate‑activated protein kinase (AMPK), sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF‑κB) in streptozocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats.
Methods Diabetes was induced in male Sprague–Dawley rats by intraperitoneal administration of STZ. Different doses of betanin (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg.b.w) was administered to diabetic rats for 28 days. Fasting blood glucose and serum insulin were measured. The histopathology of liver and pancreas tissue evaluated. Real-time PCR was performed to assess gene expression levels. Results Treatment of diabetic rats with betanin (10 and 20 mg/kg.b.w) reduced FBG levels compared to the control diabetic rats (P < 0.001). Betanin at the dose of 20 mg/kg.b.w was most effective in increasing serum insulin levels (P < 0.001) improving glucose tolerance test (GTT) as well as improvement in lipid profile and liver enzymes levels. According to histopathologic assay, different damages induced by STZ to liver and pancreas tissues was largely eliminated by treatment with 10 and 20 mg/kg.b.w of betanin. Betanin also significantly upregulated the AMPK and SIRT1 and downregulated the NF-κB mRNA expression compared to the diabetic control rats (P < 0.05). Conclusion Betanin could modulate AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway and this may be one of its anti-diabetic molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Abedimanesh
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Somayyeh Asghari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kosar Mohammadnejad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Daneshvar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Soudeh Rahmani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Samaneh Shokoohi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Amir Hasan Farzaneh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Seyed Hojjat Hosseini
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Iraj Jafari Anarkooli
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Maryam Noubarani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Sina Andalib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. .,Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center (ZPNRC), Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Behrooz Motlagh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
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Rezaei M, Karimian L, Shafaghi B, Noubarani M, Salecheh M, Shafi Dehghani M, Eskandari MR, Pourahmad J. Evaluation of Molecular and Cellular Alterations Induced by Neuropathic Pain in Rat Brain Glial cells. Iran J Pharm Res 2021; 20:359-370. [PMID: 34400965 PMCID: PMC8170759 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.113052.14089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain originates from illness or damage of the nervous system and affects the somatosensory system. Recently, many efforts have been made to illuminate the influences of neuropathic pain in different parts of central nervous system (CNS). However, the toxic consequences of neuropathic pain in glial cells, which involve in the control of pain is poorly understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the molecular and cellular effects of neuropathic pain in the glial cells of rat brain. Induction of neuropathic pain in rats was associated with oxidative stress as evident by elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation as well as reversible glutathione (GSH) depletion in the glial cells. Moreover, neuropathic pain caused mitochondrial membrane potential collapse (∆Ψm%), lysosomal membrane rapture, and proteolysis, probably due to ROS-induced MPT pore opening. These toxic events could cause cytochrome c release from intermembrane space into the cytosole and trigger caspase activation pathway. Our finding confirmed that the activity of caspase-3 was significantly increased in the glial cells as a core component of the apoptotic machinery. In conclusion, the neuropathic pain induces ROS generation as the major cause of GSH depletion along with mutual mitochondrial/lysosomal potentiation (cross-talk) of oxidative stress in the glial cells. Subsequently, this toxic cross-talk can induce proteolysis and trigger apoptosis by caspase-3 activation in the glial cells of rat brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Rezaei
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Lida Karimian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bizhan Shafaghi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Noubarani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Maryam Salecheh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shafi Dehghani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center (ZPNRC), Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Jalal Pourahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ahmadian Z, Correia A, Hasany M, Figueiredo P, Dobakhti F, Eskandari MR, Hosseini SH, Abiri R, Khorshid S, Hirvonen J, Santos HA, Shahbazi M. Anti‐Bacterial Hydrogels: A Hydrogen‐Bonded Extracellular Matrix‐Mimicking Bactericidal Hydrogel with Radical Scavenging and Hemostatic Function for pH‐Responsive Wound Healing Acceleration (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 3/2021). Adv Healthc Mater 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202170009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ahmadian Z, Correia A, Hasany M, Figueiredo P, Dobakhti F, Eskandari MR, Hosseini SH, Abiri R, Khorshid S, Hirvonen J, Santos HA, Shahbazi M. A Hydrogen-Bonded Extracellular Matrix-Mimicking Bactericidal Hydrogel with Radical Scavenging and Hemostatic Function for pH-Responsive Wound Healing Acceleration. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001122. [PMID: 33103384 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Generation of reactive oxygen species, delayed blood clotting, prolonged inflammation, bacterial infection, and slow cell proliferation are the main challenges of effective wound repair. Herein, a multifunctional extracellular matrix-mimicking hydrogel is fabricated through abundant hydrogen bonding among the functional groups of gelatin and tannic acid (TA) as a green chemistry approach. The hydrogel shows adjustable physicochemical properties by altering the concentration of TA and it represents high safety features both in vitro and in vivo on fibroblasts, red blood cells, and mice organs. In addition to the merit of facile encapsulation of cell proliferation-inducing hydrophilic drugs, accelerated healing of skin injury is obtained through pH-dependent release of TA and its multifaceted mechanisms as an antibacterial, antioxidant, hemostatic, and anti-inflammatory moiety. The developed gelatin-TA (GelTA) hydrogel also shows an outstanding effect on the formation of extracellular matrix and wound closure in vivo via offered cell adhesion sites in the backbone of gelatin that provide increased re-epithelialization and better collagen deposition. These results suggest that the multifunctional GelTA hydrogel is a promising candidate for the clinical treatment of full-thickness wounds and further development of wound dressing materials that releases active agents in the neutral or slightly basic environment of infected nonhealing wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Ahmadian
- Drug Research Program Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Helsinki Helsinki FI‐00014 Finland
- Department of Pharmaceutics School of Pharmacy Zanjan University of Medical Science Zanjan 45139‐56184 Iran
| | - Alexandra Correia
- Drug Research Program Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Helsinki Helsinki FI‐00014 Finland
| | - Masoud Hasany
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Sharif University of Technology Azadi Avenue Tehran Iran
| | - Patrícia Figueiredo
- Drug Research Program Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Helsinki Helsinki FI‐00014 Finland
| | - Faramarz Dobakhti
- Department of Pharmaceutics School of Pharmacy Zanjan University of Medical Science Zanjan 45139‐56184 Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of Pharmacy Zanjan University of Medical Science Zanjan 45139‐56184 Iran
| | - Seyed Hojjat Hosseini
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine Zanjan University of Medical Sciences Zanjan 45139‐56111 Iran
| | - Ramin Abiri
- Department of Microbiology School of Medicine Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah 67148‐69914 Iran
| | - Shiva Khorshid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology School of Pharmacy Zanjan University of Medical Sciences Zanjan 45139‐56184 Iran
| | - Jouni Hirvonen
- Drug Research Program Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Helsinki Helsinki FI‐00014 Finland
| | - Hélder A. Santos
- Drug Research Program Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Helsinki Helsinki FI‐00014 Finland
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE) University of Helsinki Helsinki FI‐00014 Finland
| | - Mohammad‐Ali Shahbazi
- Drug Research Program Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Helsinki Helsinki FI‐00014 Finland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology School of Pharmacy Zanjan University of Medical Sciences Zanjan 45139‐56184 Iran
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center (ZPNRC) Zanjan University of Medical Sciences Zanjan 45139‐56184 Iran
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Eskandari MR, Eftekhari P, Abbaszadeh S, Noubarani M, Shafaghi B, Pourahmad J. Inhibition of Different Pain Pathways Attenuates Oxidative Stress in Glial Cells: A Mechanistic View on Neuroprotective Effects of Different Types of Analgesics. Iran J Pharm Res 2021; 20:204-215. [PMID: 34903982 PMCID: PMC8653691 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2021.114476.14871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain results from trauma or diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS) and triggers a cascade of events in different CNS parts that eventually lead to oxidative injury. This study was aimed to investigate the protective effects of some selected analgesics in neuropathic pain-induced oxidative damage in the isolated glial cells of the rat brain. In this experiment, rats were randomly divided into 5 main groups. Rats in group 1 received no medication, whereas rats in groups 2 to 5 received ASA (aspirin), celecoxib, morphine, and etanercept daily, respectively. Each main group divides into 3 subgroups: normal, sham, and neuropathic pain model rats. The glial cells of the rat brain were isolated at different time points. Our results demonstrate that neuropathic pain induces ROS generation as the major cause of mitochondrial membrane potential collapse (%∆Ψm) and lysosomal membrane rupture, which result in oxidative damage of the glial cells. In addition, ASA and celecoxib had protective effects on the neuropathic pain-induced oxidative stress markers, including ROS production, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, and lysosomal membrane leakiness at different time points. Furthermore, the oxidative damage markers were significantly decreased by morphine and etanercept in all investigated days. Since arachidonic acid metabolites and TNF-α are produced during neuropathic pain and inflammation, it can be concluded that the inhibition of the substances production or inhibition of the ligands binding with their receptors would help to decrease the destructive effects of neuropathic pain in the glial cells of rat brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center (ZPNRC), Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Parivash Eftekhari
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Samin Abbaszadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Maryam Noubarani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Bijan Shafaghi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Jalal Pourahmad
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Noubarani M, Abaei Khayat S, Mafinezhad R, Eskandari MR, Kamalinejad M, Andalib S, Mohebbi S. Protective Effects of Cydonia oblonga Mill. Fruit on Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Hepatotoxicity Mediated through Mitochondria and Restoration of Cellular Energy Content. Iran J Pharm Res 2020; 19:354-364. [PMID: 33841548 PMCID: PMC8019890 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.112534.13812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) is one of the medicinal plant with a broad range of pharmacological activities such as hepatoprotective effect. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of Cydonia oblonga Mill. fruit (ACOF) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver damage in rats. Hepatotoxicity was induced by CCl4 and all tested group animals were treated with the plant extract at a dose of 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg orally for 5 days. Blood was collected for the assessment of serum marker enzymes (alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)). Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) of liver mitochondria was also measured using a validated high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The antioxidant capacity of the extract resulted in the reduction of MDA and the restoration of GSH in the liver (P < 0.05). Free radical scavenging activity of the extract was evaluated by DPPH method and the IC50 value was found to be 568 μg/mL. Our results indicated that bioenergetic depletion occurred in the intoxicated rats as a consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction and ATP production collapse. ACOF markedly restored ATP contents that is a key step in liver regeneration. It can be concluded that the role of ACOF to improve liver function on CCl4-hepatoxicity could be attributed, at least partially, to its action at mitochondira by preventing the loss of ATP content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Noubarani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan,Iran.
| | - Shaghayegh Abaei Khayat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan,Iran.
| | - Romina Mafinezhad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan,Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan,Iran.
| | - Mohammad Kamalinejad
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran.
| | - Sina Andalib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan,Iran.
| | - Shohreh Mohebbi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
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Maleki H, Shahbazi MA, Montes S, Hosseini SH, Eskandari MR, Zaunschirm S, Verwanger T, Mathur S, Milow B, Krammer B, Hüsing N. Mechanically Strong Silica-Silk Fibroin Bioaerogel: A Hybrid Scaffold with Ordered Honeycomb Micromorphology and Multiscale Porosity for Bone Regeneration. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:17256-17269. [PMID: 31013056 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b04283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Due to the synergic feature of individual components in hybrid (nano)biomaterials, their application in regenerative medicine has drawn significant attention. Aiming to address all the current challenges of aerogel as a potent scaffold in bone tissue engineering application, we adopted a novel synthesis approach to synergistically improve the pore size regime and mechanical strength in the aerogel. The three-dimensional aerogel scaffold in this study has been synthesized through a versatile one-pot aqueous-based sol-gel hybridization/assembly of organosilane (tetraethyl orthosilicate) and silk fibroin (SF) biopolymer, followed by unidirectional freeze-casting of the as-prepared hybrid gel and supercritical drying. The developed ultralight silica-SF aerogel hybrids demonstrated a hierarchically organized porous structure with interesting honeycomb-shaped micromorphology and microstructural alignment (anisotropy) in varied length scales. The average macropore size of the hybrid aerogel lied in ∼0.5-18 μm and was systematically controlled with freeze-casting conditions. Together with high porosity (91-94%), high Young's modulus (∼4-7 MPa, >3 order of magnitude improvement compared to their pristine aerogel counterparts), and bone-type anisotropy in the mechanical compressive behavior, the silica-SF hybrid aerogel of this study acted as a very competent scaffold for bone tissue formation. The results of in vitro assessments revealed that the silica-SF aerogel is not only cytocompatible and nonhemolytic but also acted as an open porous microenvironment to trigger osteoblast cell attachment, growth, and proliferation on its surface within 14 days of incubation. Moreover, to support the in vitro results, in vivo bone formation within the aerogel implant in the bone defect site was studied. The X-ray radiology and microcomputed tomography analyses confirmed that a significant new bone tissue density formed in the defect site within 25 days of implantation. Also, in vivo toxicology studies showed a zero-toxic impact of the aerogel implant on the blood biochemical and hematological parameters. Finally, the study clearly shows the potential of aerogel as a bioactive and osteoconductive open porous cellular matrix for a successful osseointegration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Maleki
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , University of Cologne , Greinstraße 6 , 50939 Cologne , Germany
| | - Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology , Technical University of Denmark , DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Susan Montes
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials , Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg , Jakob-Haringerstr. 2A , 5020 Salzburg , Austria
| | - Seyed Hojjat Hosseini
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , 45139-56111 Zanjan , Iran
| | | | - Stefan Zaunschirm
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria , Franz-Fritsch-Straße 11 , 4600 Wels , Austria
| | - Thomas Verwanger
- Department of Biosciences , Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg , Hellbrunnerstr. 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria
| | - Sanjay Mathur
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , University of Cologne , Greinstraße 6 , 50939 Cologne , Germany
| | - Barbara Milow
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , University of Cologne , Greinstraße 6 , 50939 Cologne , Germany
- Department of Aerogels and Aerogel Composites , Institute of Materials Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR) , Linder Höhe , 51147 Cologne , Germany
| | - Barbara Krammer
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria , Franz-Fritsch-Straße 11 , 4600 Wels , Austria
| | - Nicola Hüsing
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials , Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg , Jakob-Haringerstr. 2A , 5020 Salzburg , Austria
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Amereh Z, Hatami N, Shirazi FH, Gholami S, Hosseini SH, Noubarani M, Kamalinejad M, Andalib S, Keyhanfar F, Eskandari MR. Cancer chemoprevention by oleaster (Elaeagnus angustifoli L.) fruit extract in a model of hepatocellular carcinoma induced by diethylnitrosamine in rats. EXCLI J 2017; 16:1046-1056. [PMID: 28900384 PMCID: PMC5579409 DOI: 10.17179/excli2017-389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a frequent and fatal human cancer with poor diagnosis that accounts for over half a million deaths each year worldwide. Elaeagnus angustifolia L. known as oleaster has a wide range of pharmacological activities. This study aimed to investigate the chemopreventive effect of aqueous extract of E. angustifolia fruit (AEA) against diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC in rats. HCC was induced in rats by a single injection of DEN (200 mg/kg) as an initiator. After two weeks, rats were orally administered 2-acetylaminofluorene or 2-AAF (30 mg/kg) as a promoter for two weeks. Oleaster-treated rats were orally pretreated with the increasing doses of AEA two weeks prior to DEN injection that continued until the end of the experiment. In the current study, a significant decrease in serum biomarkers of liver damage and cancer, including alfa-fetoprotein (AFP), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST) was observed in AEA-treated rats when compared to HCC rats. Furthermore, the oleaster extract exhibited in vivo antioxidant activity by elevating reduced glutathione (GSH) contents as well as preventing lipid peroxidation in the liver tissues of DEN-treated rats. The relative weight of liver, a prognostic marker of HCC, was also reduced in oleaster-treated rats. To conclude, our results clearly demonstrated that oleaster fruit possesses a significant chemopreventive effect against primary liver cancer induced by DEN in rats. It can be suggested that the preventive activity of oleaster against hepatocarcinogenesis may be mediated through the antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and antimutagenic effects of the fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Amereh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Nasrin Hatami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Farshad H Shirazi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saman Gholami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Seyed Hojjat Hosseini
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Maryam Noubarani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kamalinejad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Andalib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Fariborz Keyhanfar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Shayesteh R, Kamalinejad M, Adiban H, Kardan A, Keyhanfar F, Eskandari MR. Cytoprotective Effects of Pumpkin (Cucurbita Moschata) Fruit Extract against Oxidative Stress and Carbonyl Stress. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2017; 67:576-582. [PMID: 28586926 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-110484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus is a chronic endocrine disorder that is associated with significant mortality and morbidity due to microvascular and macrovascular complications. Diabetes complications accompanied with oxidative stress and carbonyl stress in different organs of human body because of the increased generation of free radicals and impaired antioxidant defense systems. In the meantime, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive carbonyl species (RCS) have key mediatory roles in the development and progression of diabetes complications. Therapeutic strategies have recently focused on preventing such diabetes-related abnormalities using different natural and chemical compounds. Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) is one of the most important vegetables in the world with a broad-range of pharmacological activities such as antihyperglycemic effect. Methods In the present study, the cytoprotective effects of aqueous extract of C. moschata fruit on hepatocyte cytotoxicity induced by cumene hydroperoxide (oxidative stress model) or glyoxal (carbonylation model) were investigated using freshly isolated rat hepatocytes. Results The extract of C. moschata (50 μg/ml) excellently prevented oxidative and carbonyl stress markers, including hepatocyte lysis, ROS production, lipid peroxidation, glutathione depletion, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, lysosomal damage, and cellular proteolysis. In addition, protein carbonylation was prevented by C. moschata in glyoxal-induced carbonyl stress. Conclusion It can be concluded that C. moschata has cytoprotective effects in oxidative stress and carbonyl stress models and this valuable vegetable can be considered as a suitable herbal product for the prevention of toxic subsequent of oxidative stress and carbonyl stress seen in chronic hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Shayesteh
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zajan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kamalinejad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasan Adiban
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Azin Kardan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Fariborz Keyhanfar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zajan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Gholami S, Hosseini MJ, Jafari L, Omidvar F, Kamalinejad M, Mashayekhi V, Hosseini SH, Kardan A, Pourahmad J, Eskandari MR. Mitochondria as a Target for the Cardioprotective Effects of Cydonia oblonga Mill. and Ficus carica L. in Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2017; 67:358-365. [PMID: 28320040 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-101824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) and fig (Ficus carica L.) exhibit a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. Regarding the cardiotoxic effect of doxorubicin (DOX) is mediated mainly through mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction; the present study evaluated the cardioprotective effects of the aqueous extracts of Cydonia oblonga Mill. fruit (ACO) and Ficus carica L. fruit (AFC) against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Cardiomyocytes toxicity was induced in male Sprague Dawley rats by intraperitoneal (ip) injections of 2.5 mg/kg DOX 3 times per week for a period of 2 weeks. After heart failure was induced in the rats, the animals were decapitated and their hearts were immediately removed. Then, the cardiac mitochondria were isolated by differential ultracentrifugation, and the protective effects of each particular extract on mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction were determined. ACO and AFC ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction in the isolated mitochondria and prevented mitochondrial reactive oxygen species formation, membrane lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial swelling, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse (%ΔΨm), and cytochrome c release. Also, the extracts significantly increased reduced glutathione levels and succinate dehydrogenase activity. These results indicated that ACO and AFC have beneficial effects against DOX cardiotoxicity which mediated by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, it can be suggested that quince and fig may increase the therapeutic index of DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Gholami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mir-Jamal Hosseini
- Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Leila Jafari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Omidvar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kamalinejad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vida Mashayekhi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Seyed Hojjat Hosseini
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Azin Kardan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Jalal Pourahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Zanjani SY, Eskandari MR, Kamali K, Mohseni M. The effect of probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium lactis) on the accumulation of lead in rat brains. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:1700-1705. [PMID: 27796979 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7946-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lead is a toxic metal present in different concentrations in a wide variety of food products. Exposure to lead, even to low levels, causes acute and chronic toxicities. Lead can cross the blood-brain barrier and accumulate in the nervous system. Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when used in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. Although a recent study demonstrated that the studied bacteria have a protective effect against acute lead toxicity, no research has been found that shows the long-term impact of these bacteria in vivo. The current study surveyed the protective effects of two species of probiotics, Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 and Bifidobacterium lactis BB-12, that are most widely used in many functional foods against oral lead exposure (4 weeks) in rat brains. The results revealed that, at the end of the second week of chronic exposure to lead and probiotic bacteria, the lowest level of lead belonged to the Lactobacillus group. At the end of the fourth week, the lowest amount of lead was related to the group receiving both types of probiotics. With the physiological benefits of probiotic consumption, the bacterial solution in this study did not show high efficacy in reducing brain lead concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Yahyavi Zanjani
- Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Health, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Koorosh Kamali
- Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Health, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mehran Mohseni
- Department of Food and Drug Control, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran.
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18
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Heidari H, Kamalinejad M, Noubarani M, Rahmati M, Jafarian I, Adiban H, Eskandari MR. Protective mechanisms of Cucumis sativus in diabetes-related modelsof oxidative stress and carbonyl stress. Bioimpacts 2016; 6:33-9. [PMID: 27340622 PMCID: PMC4916550 DOI: 10.15171/bi.2016.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress and carbonyl stress have essential mediatory roles in the development of diabetes and its related complications through increasing free radicals production and impairing antioxidant defense systems. Different chemical and natural compounds have been suggested for decreasing such disorders associated with diabetes. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the protective effects of Cucumis sativus (C. sativus) fruit (cucumber) in oxidative and carbonyl stress models. These diabetes-related models with overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive carbonyl species (RCS) simulate conditions observed in chronic hyperglycemia. METHODS Cytotoxicity induced by cumene hydroperoxide (oxidative stress model) or glyoxal (carbonyl stress model) were measured and the protective effects of C. sativus were evaluated using freshly isolated rat hepatocytes. RESULTS Aqueous extract of C. sativus fruit (40 μg/mL) prevented all cytotoxicity markers in both the oxidative and carbonyl stress models including cell lysis, ROS formation, membrane lipid peroxidation, depletion of glutathione, mitochondrial membrane potential decline, lysosomal labialization, and proteolysis. The extract also protected hepatocytes from protein carbonylation induced by glyoxal. Our results indicated that C. sativus is able to prevent oxidative stress and carbonyl stress in the isolated hepatocytes. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that C. sativus has protective effects in diabetes complications and can be considered a safe and suitable candidate for decreasing the oxidative stress and carbonyl stress that is typically observed in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himan Heidari
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zajan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kamalinejad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Noubarani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mokhtar Rahmati
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Iman Jafarian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hasan Adiban
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zajan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Corresponding author: Mohammad Reza Eskandari,
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Ahadpour M, Eskandari MR, Mashayekhi V, Haj Mohammad Ebrahim Tehrani K, Jafarian I, Naserzadeh P, Hosseini MJ. Mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction induced by isoniazid: study on isolated rat liver and brain mitochondria. Drug Chem Toxicol 2015; 39:224-32. [DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2015.1092039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Eskandari MR, Mashayekhi V, Aslani M, Hosseini MJ. Toxicity of thallium on isolated rat liver mitochondria: the role of oxidative stress and MPT pore opening. Environ Toxicol 2015; 30:232-241. [PMID: 23996974 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Revised: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Thallium(I) is a highly toxic heavy metal; however, up to now, its mechanisms are poorly understood. The authors' previous studies showed that this compound could induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, reduced glutathione (GSH) oxidation, membrane lipid peroxidation, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) collapse in isolated rat hepatocyte. Because the liver is the storage site of thallium, it seems that the liver mitochondria are one of the important targets for hepatotoxicity. In this investigation, the effects of thallium on mitochondria were studied to investigate its mechanisms of toxicity. Mitochondria were isolated from rat liver and incubated with different concentrations of thallium (25-200 µM). Thallium(I)-treated mitochondria showed a marked elevation in oxidative stress parameters accompanied by MMP collapse when compared with the control group. These results showed that different concentrations of thallium (25-200 µM) induced a significant (P < 0.05) increase in mitochondrial ROS formation, ATP depletion, GSH oxidation, mitochondrial outer membrane rupture, mitochondrial swelling, MMP collapse, and cytochrome c release. In general, these data strongly supported that the thallium(I)-induced liver toxicity is a result of the disruptive effect of this metal on the mitochondrial respiratory complexes (I, II, and IV), which are the obvious causes of metal-induced ROS formation and ATP depletion. The latter two events, in turn, trigger cell death signaling via opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore and cytochrome c expulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Eskandari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Mirmohammadlu M, Hosseini SH, Kamalinejad M, Esmaeili Gavgani M, Noubarani M, Eskandari MR. Hypolipidemic, Hepatoprotective and Renoprotective Effects of Cydonia Oblonga Mill. Fruit in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Iran J Pharm Res 2015; 14:1207-14. [PMID: 26664388 PMCID: PMC4673949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is associated with complications in several different systems of the body, and the incidence of diabetes is rapidly increasing worldwide. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of Cydonia oblonga Mill. Fruit on lipid profile and some biochemical parameters in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The extract showed anti hyper lipidemic activity as evidenced by significant decreases in serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels along with the elevation of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the diabetic rats. The biochemical liver functional tests were also analyzed and it was shown that serum biomarkers of liver dysfunction, including alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were significantly reduced in aqueous extract of Cydonia oblonga Mill. treated diabetic rats. In addition, our results showed that the oral administration of the extract prevented diabetes-induced increase in serum urea and creatinine levels as the markers of renal dysfunction. In conclusion, the present study indicates that aqueous extract of Cydonia oblonga Mill. Is able to improve some of the symptoms associated with diabetes and possesses hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, and renoprotective effects in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansur Mirmohammadlu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Seyed Hojjat Hosseini
- Department of basic science, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Kamalinejad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Majid Esmaeili Gavgani
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Maryam Noubarani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. ,
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Eskandari MR, Moghaddam F, Shahraki J, Pourahmad J. A comparison of cardiomyocyte cytotoxic mechanisms for 5-fluorouracil and its pro-drug capecitabine. Xenobiotica 2014; 45:79-87. [PMID: 25034007 DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2014.942809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
1. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and its prodrug capecitabine are key chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of many gastrointestinal tract adenocarcinomas. In addition to their beneficial antitumor effects, they also possess undesired cardiac toxicity. In the present study, we investigated the cytotoxic mechanisms of 5-FU and capecitabine in freshly isolated rat cardiomyocytes. 2. 5-FU and capecitabine cytotoxicities were associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, lipid peroxidation and rapid glutathione depletion. Increased intracellular ROS could target mitochondria, and our findings confirmed that the cardiomyocytes mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was rapidly decreased by 5-FU and capecitabine. Mitochondrial dysfunction subsequently initiates downstream events that trigger caspase-3 activation, and our results showed that 5-FU and capecitabine activated caspase-3 which leads to apoptosis or necrosis. However, 5-FU acted much more powerful than capecitabine at inducing several cytotoxicity markers in heart cardiomyocytes. In addition, 5-FU but not capecitabine caused lysosomal membrane leakiness when it was incubated with cardiomyocytes. All cytotoxicity markers were prevented by antioxidants, ROS scavengers, mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore sealing agents and lysosomotropic agents. 3. Our findings showed that the cytotoxic action of 5-FU and capecitabine on cardiomyocytes are mediated by oxidative stress and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction which causes caspase-3 activation and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran
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Noubarani M, Rostamkhani H, Erfan M, Kamalinejad M, Eskandari MR, Babaeian M, Salamzadeh J. Effect of Adiantum Capillus veneris Linn on an Animal Model of Testosterone-Induced Hair Loss. Iran J Pharm Res 2014; 13:113-8. [PMID: 24711836 PMCID: PMC3977060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia is the most common form of hair loss in men. The present study was designed to evaluate the hair growth-promoting activity of a preparation of the Adiantum capillus-veneris Linn. (A. capillus-veneris) on albino mice using a testosterone-induced alopecia model. Five groups of albino mice were studied: (A) Testosterone solution only (n=6); (B) Testosterone + Finasteride solution (2%) (n=6); (C) Testosterone + vehicle (n=6); (D) Testosterone + A. capillus-veneris solution (1%) (n=6); (E) intact control (n=2, without testosterone). Alopecia was induced in all intervention groups by testosterone 1.0 mg subcutaneous. A. capillus-veneris solution was applied topically to the back skin of animals in the respective group. Hair growth was evaluated by visual observation and histological study of several skin sections via various parameters as follicle density (number of follicles/mm) and anagen/telogen ratio. After 21 days, a patch of diffuse hair loss was seen in animals received testosterone while animals treated with A. capillus-veneris showed less hair loss as compared to those treated with testosterone only. The follicular density observed in the A. capillus-veneris-treated group was 1.92 ± 0.47, compared to 1.05 ± 0.21 in testosterone-group and 2.05 ± 0.49 in finasteride-treated animals. Anagen/telogen ratio was significantly affected by A. capillus-veneris, which was 0.92 ± 0.06 as compared with 0.23 ± 0.03 and 1.12 ± 0.06 for testosterone and finasteride treated groups, respectively. According to visual observation and quantitative data (follicular density and anagen/telogen ratio), A. capillus-veneris was found to possess good activity against testosterone-induced alopecia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Noubarani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran .
| | - Hossein Rostamkhani
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Erfan
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Kamalinejad
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran .
| | - Mohammad Babaeian
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Jamshid Salamzadeh
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. ,Corresponding author:
E-mail:
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Mashayekhi V, Eskandari MR, Kobarfard F, Khajeamiri A, Hosseini MJ. Induction of mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore opening and ROS formation as a mechanism for methamphetamine-induced mitochondrial toxicity. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2013; 387:47-58. [PMID: 24062016 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-013-0919-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
During the past 10 years, the use of methamphetamine (METH) has significantly increased in Iran and around the world. The widespread use of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine as a recreational drug has been responsible for the incidence of several cases of liver failure in young people. This issue made researchers focus on METH toxicity due to the lack of effective treatment and human health risk assessment. There are several reports showing that its long-term use increases the risk for dopamine depletion, but the toxicity mechanisms of METH in liver are not well understood. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the mitochondrial toxicity mechanisms of METH on isolated mitochondria. Rat liver mitochondria were obtained by differential ultracentrifugation, and the isolated mitochondria were then incubated with different concentrations of METH (2.5-20 μM). Our results showed that this agent could induce oxidative stress via rising in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, and mitochondrial swelling. In addition, collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial swelling, and release of cytochrome c following METH treatment were well inhibited by pretreatment of mitochondria with cyclosporin A and butylated hydroxytoluene. Finally, it is suggested that METH could interact with respiratory complexes (II and III) and METH-induced liver toxicity may be the result of its disruptive effect on mitochondrial respiratory chain that is the obvious cause of ROS formation, mitochondrial membrane potential decline, and cytochrome c expulsion which start cell death signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Mashayekhi
- Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, Zanjan university of Medical sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Jafarian I, Eskandari MR, Mashayekhi V, Ahadpour M, Hosseini MJ. Toxicity of valproic acid in isolated rat liver mitochondria. Toxicol Mech Methods 2013; 23:617-23. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2013.821567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Eskandari MR, Rahmati M, Khajeamiri AR, Kobarfard F, Noubarani M, Heidari H. A new approach on methamphetamine-induced hepatotoxicity: involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction. Xenobiotica 2013; 44:70-6. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2013.807958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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27
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Eskandari MR, Rahimi-Ardabili B, Javadzade A. Racemose hemangioma type 2: the first case report from the Middle East. Int Ophthalmol 2012; 33:95-7. [PMID: 23053770 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-012-9636-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Retinal arteriovenous malformations are rare and most are reported to be asymptomatic. We report an 11-year-old boy who attended for blunt trauma to his eye. The first ophthalmologic examination was performed in Nikookari Hospital Eye Emergency Room. Visual acuity was 20/20 and relative afferent pupillary defect was negative in both eyes. Ophthalmoscopic examination revealed multiple massive dilated retinal vessels in the superior arcade of the right eye. The arteriovenous malformation was not associated with exudation, hemorrhage or abnormal pigmentation. The left eye examination was unremarkable. We performed fluorescein angiography and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In the right eye fluorescein angiography, the malformation was not associated with leak or edema. The left eye fluorescein angiography was unremarkable. Brain MRI was unremarkable. After 16 months follow-up, there were no symptoms. This is the first case report from the Middle East region. To the best of our knowledge, retinal arteriovenous malformation has rarely been reported in children. Previously published literature suggests that these malformations may become complicated in time. Brain MRI is strongly recommended because of the possibility of Wyburn-Mason syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Pourahmad J, Eskandari MR, Kaghazi A, Shaki F, Shahraki J, Fard JK. A new approach on valproic acid induced hepatotoxicity: Involvement of lysosomal membrane leakiness and cellular proteolysis. Toxicol In Vitro 2012; 26:545-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2011] [Revised: 12/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Eskandari MR, Fard JK, Hosseini MJ, Pourahmad J. Glutathione mediated reductive activation and mitochondrial dysfunction play key roles in lithium induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in liver. Biometals 2012; 25:863-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s10534-012-9552-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pourahmad J, Hosseini MJ, Eskandari MR, Rahmani F. Involvement of four different intracellular sites in chloroacetaldehyde- induced oxidative stress cytotoxicity. Iran J Pharm Res 2012; 11:265-76. [PMID: 24250449 PMCID: PMC3813103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Chloroacetaldehyde (CAA) is a chlorination by-product in finished drinking water and a toxic metabolite of a wide variety of industrial chemicals (e.g. vinyl chloride) and chemotherapeutic agents (e.g. cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide). In this research, the cytotoxic mechanisms of CAA in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes were investigated.CAA cytotoxicity was associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and glutathione depletion suggesting that oxidative stress contributed to the CAA cytotoxic mechanism. CAA-induced oxidative stress cytotoxicity markers were significantly prevented by antioxidants, ROS scavengers, mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore sealing agents, endocytosis inhibitors, ATP generators and xanthine oxidase inhibitor. In our study the hepatocyte mitochondrial membrane potential was rapidly decreased by CAA which was prevented by antioxidants and ROS scavenger indicating that mitochondrial membrane damage was a consequence of ROS formation. CAA cytotoxicity was also associated with lysosomal membrane rupture. OUR FINDINGS SHOWED THAT AT LEAST FOUR DIFFERENT INTRACELLULAR SOURCES INCLUDING: metabolic enzymes cytochrome P450 and xanthine oxidase, mitochondrial respiratory chain disruption and lysosomal Haber-weiss reaction, were involved in CAA induced ROS formation and other subsequent cytotoxic events. Our other interesting finding was that the lysosomotropic agents prevented CAA induced mitochondrial membrane potential collapse and mitochondrial MPT pore sealing agents inhibited lysosomal membrane damage caused by CAA. It can therefore be suggested that there is probably a toxic interaction (cross-talk) between mitochondrial and lysosomal oxidative stress generating systems, which potentiates each organelle damage and ROS formation in CAA- induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Pourahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran.,Corresponding author: E-mail:
| | - Mir-Jamal Hosseini
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Faezeh Rahmani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran.
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Pourahmad J, Mortada Y, Eskandari MR, Shahraki J. Involvement of Lysosomal Labilisation and Lysosomal/mitochondrial Cross-Talk in Diclofenac Induced Hepatotoxicity. Iran J Pharm Res 2011; 10:877-87. [PMID: 24250426 PMCID: PMC3813083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
In this research, we investigated the cytotoxic mechanisms of one of the widely used pharmaceuticals that are regularly associated with the adverse effects on the liver, sometimes leading to acute liver failure, diclofenac. Diclofenac liver cytotoxicity was associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and lipid peroxidation which were inhibited by antioxidants and ROS scavengers, ferric chelator, inhibitors of reduced CYP2E1 and CYP2C9, mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore sealing agents and endocytosis inhibitors. Incubation of hepatocytes with diclofenac caused rapid hepatocyte glutathione (GSH) depletion which is another marker of cellular oxidative stress. Most of the diclofenac-induced GSH depletion could be attributed to the expulsion of GSSG. Diclofenac cytotoxicity was also associated with mitochondrial injury, lysosomal membrane rupture and release of digestive proteases which were prevented by antioxidants, MPT pore sealing agents, lysosomotropic agents and inhibitors of cytochrome P450 isoenzymes. These events could cause cytochrome C release from the mitochondrial intramembrane space to cytosol. The cytochrome C release could trigger activation of caspase-3 and apoptosis. We finally concluded that diclofenac hepatotoxicity is a result of metabolic activation by CYP2E1 and CYP2C9 and ROS formation, leading to a mitochondrial/lysosomal toxic cross-talk in the liver hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Pourahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Tehran , Iran.,Corresponding author: E-mail:
| | - Yassar Mortada
- bFaculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Tehran , Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- cDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Jafar Shahraki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Tehran, Iran.
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Pourahmad J, Eskandari MR, Daraei B. A comparison of hepatocyte cytotoxic mechanisms for thallium (I) and thallium (III). Environ Toxicol 2010; 25:456-467. [PMID: 20549620 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Thallium (Tl) is a highly toxic heavy metal though up to now its mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, we comparatively investigated the cytotoxic mechanisms of Tl(I) and Tl(III) in isolated rat hepatocytes. Both Tl(I) and Tl(III) cytotoxicities were associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, lipid peroxidation, collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of caspases cascade, lysosomal membrane leakiness, and cellular proteolysis. Hepatocyte glutathione (GSH) was also rapidly oxidized. GSH-depleted hepatocytes were more resistant to Tl(I)-induced cytotoxicity, ROS formation and lipid peroxidation. This suggests that Tl(I) is reductively activated by GSH. On the other hand, GSH-depleted hepatocytes were much more sensitive to Tl(III)-induced cytotoxicity, ROS formation, and lipid peroxidation. This suggests that GSH only plays an antioxidant role against Tl(III) cytotoxicity. Our results also showed that CYP2E1 involves in Tl(I) and Tl(III) oxidative stress cytotoxicity mechanism and both cations detoxified via methylation. In conclusion, both Tl(I) and Tl(III) cytotoxicities were associated with mutual mitochondrial/lysosomal injuries (cross-talk) initiated by increased ROS formation resulted from metal-CYP2E1 destructive interaction or metal-induced disruption of mitochondrial electron transfer chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Pourahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Pourahmad J, Hosseini MJ, Eskandari MR, Shekarabi SM, Daraei B. Mitochondrial/lysosomal toxic cross-talk plays a key role in cisplatin nephrotoxicity. Xenobiotica 2010; 40:763-71. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2010.512093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Pourahmad J, Eskandari MR, Nosrati M, Kobarfard F, Khajeamiri AR. Involvement of mitochondrial/lysosomal toxic cross-talk in ecstasy induced liver toxicity under hyperthermic condition. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 643:162-9. [PMID: 20599925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2010] [Revised: 06/09/2010] [Accepted: 06/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The initial objectives of this study were to evaluate the extent of 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) induced loss of cell viability (cytotoxicity), induction of reactive oxygen species formation and damage to sub-cellular organelles (e.g. mitochondria/lysosomes) in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes under normothermic conditions (37 degrees C) and to compare the results with the effects obtained under hyperthermic conditions (41 degrees C). MDMA induced cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species formation, mitochondrial membrane potential decline and lysosomal membrane leakiness in isolated rat hepatocytes at 37 degrees C. A rise in incubation temperature from 37 degrees C to 41 degrees C had an additive/synergic effect on the oxidative stress markers. We observed variations in mitochondrial membrane potential and lysosomal membrane stability that are significantly (P<0.05) higher than those under normothermic conditions. Antioxidants, reactive oxygen species scavengers, lysosomal inactivators, mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore sealing agents, NADPH P450 reductase inhibitor, and inhibitors of reduced CYP2E1 and CYP2D6 prevented all MDMA induced hepatocyte oxidative stress cytotoxicity markers. It is therefore suggested that metabolic reductive activation of MDMA by reduced cytochrome P450s and glutathione could lead to generation of some biological reactive intermediates which could activate reactive oxygen species generation and cause mitochondrial and lysosomal oxidative stress membrane damages. We finally concluded that hyperthermia could potentiate MDMA induced liver toxicity probably through a mitochondrial/lysosomal toxic cross-talk in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Pourahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Pourahmad J, Eskandari MR, Shakibaei R, Kamalinejad M. A search for hepatoprotective activity of fruit extract of Mangifera indica L. against oxidative stress cytotoxicity. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2010; 65:83-89. [PMID: 20204522 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-010-0161-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) and their components are commonly used in folk medicine for many curative effects. The protective effects of different concentrations of aqueous extract of Mangifera indica L. fruit (Mango Extract) (20, 50 and 100 microg/ml) and also gallic acid (100 microM) as a pure compound in the extract were examined against oxidative stress toxicity induced by cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) in isolated rat hepatocytes. The extracts and gallic acid (100 microM) protected the hepatocyte against all oxidative stress markers including cell lysis, ROS generation, lipid peroxidation, glutathione depletion, mitochondrial membrane potential decrease, lysosomal membrane oxidative damage and cellular proteolysis. Mango Extracts (20, 50 and 100 microg/ml) were more effective than gallic acid (100 microM) in protecting hepatocytes against CHP induced lipid peroxidation. On the other hand gallic acid (100 microM) acted more effective than Mango Extracts (20, 50 and 100 microg/ml) at preventing lysosomal membrane damage. In addition H(2)O(2) scavenging effect of all extracts were determined in hepatocytes and compared with gallic acid (100 microM). There were no significance differences (P<0.05) between all plant extracts and gallic acid (100 microM) in H(2)O(2) scavenging activity. These results suggest a hepatoprotective role for Mango Extract against liver injury associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Pourahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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