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Fateh Basharzad S, Hamidi M, Maleki A, Karami Z, Mohamadpour H, Reza Saghatchi Zanjani M. Polysorbate-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles as an efficient carrier for improved rivastigmine brain delivery. Brain Res 2022; 1781:147786. [PMID: 35041841 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.147786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of neurological therapeutic to the brain has been attracting more and more attention to the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Nonetheless, the main obstacle in this road map is the existence of a blood-brain barrier (BBB) which limits the penetration efficiency of most CNS drugs into the brain parenchyma. This present investigation describes a facile synthetic strategy to prepare a highly biocompatible calcium-doped mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) functionalized by polysorbate-80 (PS) as targeting ligand to deliver rivastigmine (RV) into the brain via crossing the BBB. The developed nanosystem was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Zeta potential, and N2-adsorption-desorption analysis. In vitro hemolysis studies were carried out to confirm the biocompatibility of the nanocarriers. Our in vivo studies in an animal model of rats showed that the RV-loaded nanosystem was able to enhance the brain-to-plasma concentration ratio, brain uptake clearance, and plasma elimination half-life of the drug compared to the free one drug following intravenous (IV) administration. The results revealed that functionalization of MSNs by PS is crucial to deliver RV into the brain, suggesting PS-functionalized MSNs could be an effective carrier to deliver RV to the brain while overcoming BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Fateh Basharzad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hamidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Aziz Maleki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Karami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohamadpour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Mohamadpour H, Azadi A, Rostamizadeh K, Andalib S, Saghatchi Zanjani MR, Hamidi M. Preparation, Optimization, and Evaluation of Methoxy Poly(ethylene glycol)- co-Poly(ε-caprolactone) Nanoparticles Loaded by Rivastigmine for Brain Delivery. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:783-795. [PMID: 32043866 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to formulate and investigate the neuropharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rivastigmine (Riv) loaded methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-co-poly(ε-caprolactone) (MPEG-PCL) nanoparticles (Riv-NPs) in rats after IV administration. The MPEG-PCL was synthesized via ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone by MPEG and used to prepare Riv-NPs by the nanoprecipitation method. Response surface D-optimal design was applied to optimize Riv-NPs drug delivery system. The optimized formulation showed a particle size (PS) of 98.5 ± 2.1 nm, drug loading (DL) of 19.2 ± 1.1%, and sustained release behavior of the drug. Moreover, the optimized Riv-NPs were characterized by AFM and DSC analyses. A simple and sensitive HPLC-DAD method for bioanalysis was developed and successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study. The neuropharmacokinetic study in rats indicated that the integration plot was linear, and the brain uptake clearance of the drug-loaded in MPEG-PCL NPs was significantly higher than the free drug. Furthermore, results of pharmacodynamic studies using the Morris water maze test demonstrated faster regain of memory loss with Riv-NPs when compared to the free drug solution. The results revealed that the mentioned biodegradable nanoparticle holds promise as a suitable drug carrier for brain drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Mohamadpour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Amir Azadi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kobra Rostamizadeh
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Sina Andalib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Saghatchi Zanjani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hamidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Karami Z, Saghatchi Zanjani MR, Nasihatsheno N, Hamidi M. Improved oral bioavailability of repaglinide, a typical BCS Class II drug, with a chitosan-coated nanoemulsion. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 108:717-728. [PMID: 31187938 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to develop modified nanoemulsions to improve the oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of a poor water-soluble drug, repaglinide (RPG). The repaglinide-loaded nanoemulsions (RPG-NEs) were prepared from olive oil as internal phase, span 80, tween 80, and poloxamer 188 as emulsifiers, using homogenization technique. The mean droplet size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency of RPG-NEs were 86.5 ± 3.4 nm, -33.8 ± 2.1 mV, and 96.3 ± 2.3%, respectively. The chitosan-coated RPG-NEs (Cs-RPG-NEs) showed an average droplet size of 149.3 ± 3.9 nm and a positive zeta-potential of +31.5 ± 2.8 mV. Drug release profile of RPG-NEs was significantly higher than free drug in the simulated gastrointestinal fluids (p < .005). The in vivo study revealed 3.51- and 1.78-fold increase in the AUC0-12h and Cmax of the drug, respectively, in RPG-NEs-receiving animals in comparison to the free drug. The pharmacokinetic analysis confirmed that Cs-RPG-NEs were more efficient than uncoated ones for the oral delivery of RPG. Cs-RPG-NEs showed a longer t1/2 and higher AUC0-∞ compared to control group. The relative bioavailability of Cs-RPG-NEs was higher than that of uncoated RPG-NEs and free drug. Collectively, these findings suggest that chitosan-coated nanoemulsions are promising carrier for improving the oral bioavailability of RPG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Karami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Saghatchi Zanjani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Department of clinical sciences, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nadia Nasihatsheno
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hamidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Nasiri M, Azadi A, Zanjani MRS, Hamidi M. Indinavir-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers to Brain Drug Delivery: Optimization, Characterization and Neuropharmacokinetic Evaluation. Curr Drug Deliv 2019; 16:341-354. [DOI: 10.2174/1567201816666190123124429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose:
As an anti-retroviral Protease Inhibitor (PI), Indinavir (IDV) is part of the regimen known as Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) widely used for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. The drug efficiency in treatment of the brain manifestations of HIV is, however, limited which is mainly due to the efflux by P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expressed at the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB).
Methods:
To overcome the BBB obstacle, NLCs were used in this study as carriers for IDV, which were optimized through two steps: a “one-factor-at-a-time” screening followed by a systematic multiobjective optimization. Spherical smooth-surfaced Nanoparticles (NPs), average particle size of 161.02±4.8 nm, Poly-Dispersity Index (PDI) of 0.293±0.07, zeta potential of -40.62±2.21 mV, entrapment efficiency of 93±1.58%, and loading capacity of 9.15±0.15% were obtained after optimization which were, collectively, appropriate in terms of the objective of this study.
Result:
The surface of the optimized NPs was, then, modified with human Transferrin (TR) to improve the drug delivery. The particle size, zeta potential, and PDI of the TR-modified NLCs were 185.29±6.7nm, -28.68±3.37 mV, and 0.247±0.06, respectively. The in vitro release of IDV molecules from the NPs was best fitted to the Weibull model indicating hybrid diffusion/erosion behavior.
Conclusion:
As the major in vivo findings, compared to the free drug, the NLCs and TR-NLCs displayed significantly higher and augmented concentrations in the brain. In this case, NLC and TR-NLC were 6.5- and 32.75-fold in their values of the brain uptake clearance compared to free drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nasiri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Postal Code 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Amir Azadi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Postal Code 7146864685, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Saghatchi Zanjani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Postal Code 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hamidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Postal Code 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran
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Karami Z, Saghatchi Zanjani MR, Rezaee S, Rostamizadeh K, Hamidi M. Neuropharmacokinetic evaluation of lactoferrin-treated indinavir-loaded nanoemulsions: remarkable brain delivery enhancement. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2019; 45:736-744. [PMID: 30640551 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2019.1569039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Indinavir (IDV), an antiretroviral protease inhibitor used in treatment of HIV infection, has limited entry into brain due to efflux by the P-glycoprotein presented in blood-brain barrier. The aim of present study was to develop lactoferrin-treated nanoemulsion containing indinavir (Lf-IDV-NEs) for delivery to brain. METHODS Indinavir-loaded nanoemulsions (IDV-NEs) were prepared by high-speed homogenization method, and then lactoferrin was coupled to IDV-NEs by water soluble EDC method. RESULTS The hydrodynamic diameters, polydispersity index, and zeta potential of IDV-NEs were 112 ± 3.5 nm, 0.20 ± 0.02, and -33.2 ± 2.6 mV, respectively. From in vivo studies in animal model of rats, the AUC0-4 h of brain concentration-time profile of IDV-NEs and Lf-IDV-NEs were 1.6 and 4.1 times higher than free drug, respectively. The brain uptake clearance of IDV-NEs and Lf-IDV-NEs were, interestingly, 393- and 420-times higher than the free drug. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that applying both lactoferrin-treated and non-treated nanoemulsions clearly leads to significant brain penetration enhancement of indinavir, an effect which is more pronounced in the case of Lf-IDV-NEs with the higher drug residence time in brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Karami
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran.,b Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Saghatchi Zanjani
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran.,b Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran.,c Department of Clinical Sciences , Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Saeed Rezaee
- b Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran.,d Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran
| | - Kobra Rostamizadeh
- b Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran.,e Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hamidi
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran.,b Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center , Zanjan University of Medical Sciences , Zanjan , Iran
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