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Besse M, Gaume M, Eisermann M, Kaminska A, Glorion C, Miladi L, Gitiaux C, Ferrero E. Intraoperative neuromonitoring in non-idiopathic pediatric scoliosis operated with minimally fusionless procedure: A series of 290 patients. Arch Pediatr 2022; 29:588-593. [PMID: 36167615 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2022.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the worst complications of surgery for spinal deformity is postoperative neurological deficit. Multimodal intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) can be used to detect impending neurological injuries. This study aimed to analyze IONM in non-idiopathic scoliosis using a minimally invasive fusionless surgical technique. METHODS This retrospective, single-center study was performed from 2014 to 2018. Patients with non-idiopathic scoliosis who underwent a minimally invasive fusionless procedure and had at least 2 years of follow-up were included. IONM was performed using a neurophysiological monitoring work station with somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) and neurogenic mixed evoked potentials (NMEP). RESULTS A total of 290 patients were enrolled. The mean age at surgery was 12.9±3 years. The main etiology was central nervous system (CNS) disorders (n=139, 48%). Overall, 35 alerts (11%) in the SSEP and 10 (7%) in the NMEP occurred. There were two neurological deficits with total recovery after 6 months. There were no false negatives in either SSEP or NMEP, although there was one false positive in SSEP and two false positives for NMEP in the group without signal recovery. There was no significant relationship between the incidence of SSEP or NMEP loss and age, body mass index (BMI), number of rods used, upper instrumented vertebrae (p=0.36), lower instrumented vertebrae, or type of surgery. A preoperative greater Cobb angle was associated with a significantly higher risk of NMEP loss (p=0.02). In CNS patients, a higher BMI was associated with a statistically significant risk of NMEP loss (p=0.004). The use of a traction table was associated with a higher risk of signal loss (p=0.0005). CONCLUSION A preoperative higher Cobb angle and degree of correction were associated with a significant risk of NMEP loss. In CNS scoliosis, a higher BMI was associated with a significant risk of NMEP loss. The use of a traction table was associated with a higher risk of signal loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Besse
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Centre, Université de Paris cité, Paris, France.
| | - M Gaume
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Centre, Université de Paris cité, Paris, France
| | - M Eisermann
- Service de neurophysiologie clinique, centre de référence des pathologies neuromusculaires, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Centre, Université de Paris cité, Paris cité, France
| | - A Kaminska
- Service de neurophysiologie clinique, centre de référence des pathologies neuromusculaires, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Centre, Université de Paris cité, Paris cité, France
| | - C Glorion
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Centre, Université de Paris cité, Paris, France
| | - L Miladi
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Centre, Université de Paris cité, Paris, France
| | - C Gitiaux
- Service de neurophysiologie clinique, centre de référence des pathologies neuromusculaires, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Centre, Université de Paris cité, Paris cité, France
| | - E Ferrero
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Centre, Université de Paris cité, Paris, France; Service de chirurgie orthopédique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Centre, Université de Paris cité, Paris, France
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Rider D, Chivers S, Aretz J, Eisermann M, Löffler K, Hauptmann J, Morrison E, Campion G. Pre-clinical Toxicological Assessment of A Novel siRNA, SLN360, Targeting Elevated Lipoprotein (a) in Cardiovascular Disease. Toxicol Sci 2022; 189:237-249. [PMID: 35737426 PMCID: PMC9516055 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
SLN360 is a liver-targeted N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc)-conjugated small interfering RNA (siRNA) with a promising profile for addressing lipoprotein (a)-related cardiovascular risk. Here, we describe the findings from key preclinical safety studies. In vitro, SLN360 specifically reduced LPA expression in primary human hepatocytes with no relevant off-target effects. In rats, 10 mg/kg subcutaneous SLN360 was distributed specifically to the liver and kidney (peak 126 or 246 mg/g tissue at 6 h, respectively), with <1% of peak liver levels observed in all other tested organs. In vitro, no genotoxicity and no effect on human Ether-a-go-go Related Gene currents or proinflammatory cytokine production was observed, whereas in vivo, no SLN360-specific antibodies were detected in rabbit serum. In rat and nonhuman primate 29-day toxicology studies, SLN360 was well tolerated at all doses. In both species, known GalNAc-conjugated siRNA-induced microscopic changes were observed in the kidney and liver, with small increases in alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase observed in the high dose rats. Findings were in line with previously described siRNA-GalNAc platform-related effects and all observations were reversible and considered nonadverse. In cynomolgus monkeys, liver LPA messenger RNA and serum lipoprotein (a) were significantly reduced at day 30 and after an 8-week recovery period. No dose-related changes in safety assessment endpoints were noted. No SLN360-induced cytokine production, complement activation, or micronucleus formation was observed in vivo. The toxicological profile of SLN360 presented here is restricted to known GalNAc siRNA effects and no other toxicity associated with SLN360 has been noted. The preclinical profile of SLN360 confirmed suitability for entry into clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rider
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Chivers
- Integrated Biologix, Steinenvorstadt 33, Basel CH-4051Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Aretz
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mona Eisermann
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kathrin Löffler
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Judith Hauptmann
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eliot Morrison
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Giles Campion
- Silence Therapeutics PLC, 72 Hammersmith Road, London, W14 8THLondon, UK
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3
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Zanchi C, Locatelli M, Cerullo D, Aumiller V, Corna D, Rottoli D, Eisermann M, Donadelli R, Mousavi M, Noris M, Remuzzi G, Benigni A, Zoja C. Therapeutic Small Interfering RNA Targeting Complement C3 in a Mouse Model of C3 Glomerulopathy. J Immunol 2022; 208:1772-1781. [PMID: 35277417 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Alternative pathway complement dysregulation with abnormal glomerular C3 deposits and glomerular damage is a key mechanism of pathology in C3 glomerulopathy (C3G). No disease-specific treatments are currently available for C3G. Therapeutics inhibiting complement are emerging as a potential strategy for the treatment of C3G. In this study, we investigated the effects of N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)-conjugated small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting the C3 component of complement that inhibits liver C3 expression in the C3G model of mice with heterozygous deficiency of factor H (Cfh +/- mice). We showed a duration of action for GalNAc-conjugated C3 siRNA in reducing the liver C3 gene expression in Cfh +/- mice that were dosed s.c. once a month for up to 7 mo. C3 siRNA limited fluid-phase alternative pathway activation, reducing circulating C3 fragmentation and activation of factor B. Treatment with GalNAc-conjugated C3 siRNA reduced glomerular C3d deposits in Cfh +/- mice to levels similar to those of wild-type mice. Ultrastructural analysis further revealed the efficacy of the C3 siRNA in slowing the formation of mesangial and subendothelial electron-dense deposits. The present data indicate that RNA interference-mediated C3 silencing in the liver may be a relevant therapeutic strategy for treating patients with C3G associated with the haploinsufficiency of complement factor H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Zanchi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Bergamo, Italy; and
| | - Monica Locatelli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Bergamo, Italy; and
| | - Domenico Cerullo
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Bergamo, Italy; and
| | | | - Daniela Corna
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Bergamo, Italy; and
| | - Daniela Rottoli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Bergamo, Italy; and
| | | | - Roberta Donadelli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Bergamo, Italy; and
| | - Mansoureh Mousavi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Bergamo, Italy; and
| | - Marina Noris
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Bergamo, Italy; and
| | - Giuseppe Remuzzi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Bergamo, Italy; and
| | - Ariela Benigni
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Bergamo, Italy; and
| | - Carlamaria Zoja
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Bergamo, Italy; and
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Rider DA, Eisermann M, Löffler K, Aleku M, Swerdlow DI, Dames S, Hauptmann J, Morrison E, Lindholm MW, Schubert S, Campion G. Pre-clinical assessment of SLN360, a novel siRNA targeting LPA, developed to address elevated lipoprotein (a) in cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis 2022; 349:240-247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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5
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Dangles M, Malan V, Dumas G, Nabbout R, Kaminska A, Eisermann M. OC16: Electro-clinical features in epileptic children with chromosome 15qduplication syndrome. Clin Neurophysiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Vadolas J, Ng GZ, Kysenius K, Crouch PJ, Dames S, Eisermann M, Nualkaew T, Vilcassim S, Schaeper U, Grigoriadis G. SLN124, a GalNac-siRNA targeting transmembrane serine protease 6, in combination with deferiprone therapy reduces ineffective erythropoiesis and hepatic iron-overload in a mouse model of β-thalassaemia. Br J Haematol 2021; 194:200-210. [PMID: 33942901 PMCID: PMC8359948 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Beta‐thalassaemia is an inherited blood disorder characterised by ineffective erythropoiesis and anaemia. Consequently, hepcidin expression is reduced resulting in increased iron absorption and primary iron overload. Hepcidin is under the negative control of transmembrane serine protease 6 (TMPRSS6) via cleavage of haemojuvelin (HJV), a co‐receptor for the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)‐mothers against decapentaplegic homologue (SMAD) signalling pathway. Considering the central role of the TMPRSS6/HJV/hepcidin axis in iron homeostasis, the inhibition of TMPRSS6 expression represents a promising therapeutic strategy to increase hepcidin production and ameliorate anaemia and iron overload in β‐thalassaemia. In the present study, we investigated a small interfering RNA (siRNA) conjugate optimised for hepatic targeting of Tmprss6 (SLN124) in β‐thalassaemia mice (Hbbth3/+). Two subcutaneous injections of SLN124 (3 mg/kg) were sufficient to normalise hepcidin expression and reduce anaemia. We also observed a significant improvement in erythroid maturation, which was associated with a significant reduction in splenomegaly. Treatment with the iron chelator, deferiprone (DFP), did not impact any of the erythroid parameters. However, the combination of SLN124 with DFP was more effective in reducing hepatic iron overload than either treatment alone. Collectively, we show that the combination therapy can ameliorate several disease symptoms associated with chronic anaemia and iron overload, and therefore represents a promising pharmacological modality for the treatment of β‐thalassaemia and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Vadolas
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Garrett Z Ng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Kai Kysenius
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter J Crouch
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | - Tiwaporn Nualkaew
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Shahla Vilcassim
- School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | | | - George Grigoriadis
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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7
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Dangles MT, Malan V, Dumas G, Romana S, Raoul O, Coste-Zeitoun D, Soufflet C, Vignolo-Diard P, Bahi-Buisson N, Barnérias C, Chemaly N, Desguerre I, Gitiaux C, Hully M, Bourgeois M, Guimier A, Rio M, Munnich A, Nabbout R, Kaminska A, Eisermann M. Electro-clinical features in epileptic children with chromosome 15q duplication syndrome. Clin Neurophysiol 2021; 132:1126-1137. [PMID: 33773177 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to describe epilepsy and EEG patterns related to vigilance states and age, in chromosome15-long-arm-duplication-syndrome (dup15q) children with epilepsy, in both duplication types: interstitial (intdup15) and isodicentric (idic15). METHODS Clinical data and 70 EEGs of 12 patients (5 intdup15, 7 idic15), followed from 4.5 m.o to 17y4m (median follow-up 8y3m), were retrospectively reviewed. EEGs were analyzed visually and using power spectrum analysis. RESULTS Seventy video-EEGs were analyzed (1-16 per patient, median 6), follow-up lasting up to 8y10m (median 4y2m): 25 EEGs in intdup15 (8 m.o to 12y.o, median 4y6m) and 45 EEGs in idic15 (7 m.o to 12 y.o, median 15 m). Epilepsy: 6 West syndrome (WS) (2intdup15, 4idic15); 4 Lennox-Gastaut syndromes (LGS) (1 intdup15, 3 idic15), 2 evolving from WS; focal epilepsy (3 intdup15). In idic15, WS displayed additional myoclonic seizures (3), atypical (4) or no hypsarrhythmia (2) and posterior predominant spike and polyspike bursts (4). Beta-band rapid-rhythms (RR): present in 11 patients, power decreased during non-REM-sleep, localization shifted from diffuse to anterior, peak frequency increased with age. CONCLUSION WS with peculiar electro-clinical features and LGS, along with beta-band RR decreasing in non-REM-sleep and shifting from diffuse to anterior localization with age are recognizable features pointing towards dup15q diagnosis in children with autism spectrum disorder and developmental delay. SIGNIFICANCE This study describes electroclinical features in both interstitial and isodicentric duplications of chromosome 15q, in epileptic children, including some recent extensions regarding sleep features; and illustrates how the temporo-spatial organization of beta oscillations can be of significant help in directing towards dup15q diagnosis hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-T Dangles
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Centre de Référence des Epilepsies Rares CRéER, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Department of Pediatric Neurology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - V Malan
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Department of Cytogenetics, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - G Dumas
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, UMR3571 CNRS, Université de Paris, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Sainte-Justine Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - S Romana
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Department of Cytogenetics, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - O Raoul
- Department of Cytogenetics, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - D Coste-Zeitoun
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Centre de Référence des Epilepsies Rares CRéER, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - C Soufflet
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - P Vignolo-Diard
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - N Bahi-Buisson
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - C Barnérias
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - N Chemaly
- Centre de Référence des Epilepsies Rares CRéER, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Department of Pediatric Neurology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - I Desguerre
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - C Gitiaux
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Department of Pediatric Neurology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - M Hully
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - M Bourgeois
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - A Guimier
- Department of Genetics, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - M Rio
- Department of Genetics, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - A Munnich
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Department of Genetics, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - R Nabbout
- Centre de Référence des Epilepsies Rares CRéER, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Department of Pediatric Neurology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - A Kaminska
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - M Eisermann
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Abstract
EEG changes during the perinatal period, infancy, childhood, and adolescence are concomitant with brain growth, myelination, expanding connectivity, and overall maturation, which are particularly fast during the first year of life. EEG aspects of early brain development are accessible in preterm during the third trimester of gestational age, and they evolve to full-term, infancy, and childhood EEG patterns. Each of these age periods shares specific EEG features that reach gross adult outlines in the first year. Interpreting EEG needs therefore a deep knowledge of pathological and normal EEG patterns with their variants belonging to each age range. Recording EEG during these periods also requires adapting the recording techniques to the specific age in order to obtain interpretable records. This chapter describes normal EEG features and variants, characteristic patterns of development, and some patterns that are unusual for age, from the neonatal period to adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kaminska
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, Paris, France.
| | - M Eisermann
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - P Plouin
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
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9
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Schmitt F, Aurlien H, Brøgger J, Hirsch L, Schomer D, Trinka E, Pressler R, Wennberg R, Visser G, Eisermann M, Diehl B, Lesser R, Kaplan P, The Tich S, Lee J, Martins-da-Silva A, Stefan H, Neufeld M, Rubboli G, Fabricius M, Gardella E, Terney D, Meritam P, Eichele T, Asano E, Cox F, van Emde Boas W, Mameniskiene R, Marusic P, Zárubová J, Rosén I, Fuglsang-Frederiksen A, Ikeda A, MacDonald D, Terada K, Ugawa Y, Zhou D, Herman S, Beniczky S. Standardisierter Computer-basiert-organisierter Report des EEG (SCORE) – Eine strukturierende Form der EEG-Befundung. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-125304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungEine 2013 von der „International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology“ gegründete Taskforce hat eine international konsensfähige EEG-Terminologie entwickelt. Im Folgenden soll das Resultat – die 2. Version des Standardized Computer-based Organized Reporting of EEG (SCORE) - vorgestellt werden. Die Terminologie wurde im Rahmen eines Softwarepaketes (SCORE-EEG) in der klinischen Praxis an über 12.000 EEGs getestet. Die Auswahl der Begriffe ist kontextabhängig: die initiale Auswahl bestimmt, welche weiteren Auswahlmöglichkeiten zur Verfügung stehen. Im Verlauf wird automatisch ein Befund erstellt und dessen Einzelmerkmale in eine Datenbank eingespeist. SCORE verfügt über Module spezifisch für die Befundung epileptischer Anfälle, sowie charakteristischer neonataler und intensivmedizinische EEG-Merkmale. SCORE ist nicht nur ein nützliches Werkzeug im ambulanten, klinischen und wissenschaftlichen Setting, es erleichtert auch Qualitätssicherung, Datenaustausch und die EEG-Aus und Weiterbildung.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Schmitt
- Universitätsklinik für Neurologie, Otto-von-Guericke Universität, Magdeburg, Deutschland
| | - H Aurlien
- Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norwegen
| | - J Brøgger
- Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norwegen
| | - L Hirsch
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - D Schomer
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Clinical Neurophysiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E Trinka
- Universitätskliniklinik für Neurologie, Christian Doppler Klinik, Paracelsus Medizinische Universität und Zentrum für Kognitive Neurowissenschaften Salzburg, Österreich und Institut für Public Health, Versorgungsforschung & HTA, UMIT, Hall in Tirol, Österreich
| | - R Pressler
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital und Clinical Neuroscience, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, Großbritannien
| | - R Wennberg
- Krembil Neuroscience Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Kanada
| | - G Visser
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Niederlande
| | - M Eisermann
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, Frankreich und INSERM U1129, Paris, France, Paris Descartes University, CEA, Gif sur Yvette, Paris, Frankreich
| | - B Diehl
- University College London, Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, Queen Square, London, Großbritannien
| | - R Lesser
- Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - P Kaplan
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, MD, USA
| | - S The Tich
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Hospital of Lille, Lille, Frankreich
| | - J Lee
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Martins-da-Silva
- Department of Neurophysiology, Hospital Santo António and UMIB/ICBAS – University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - H Stefan
- Abteilung für Neurologie und Biomagnetismus, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - M Neufeld
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - G Rubboli
- Department of Neurology, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund and University of Copenhagen, Kopenhagen, Dänemark
| | - M Fabricius
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Rigshospitalet, Kopenhagen, Dänemark
| | - E Gardella
- University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Dänemark
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Dänemark
| | - D Terney
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Dänemark
| | - P Meritam
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Dänemark
| | - T Eichele
- Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital and Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Norwegen
| | - E Asano
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, US
| | - F Cox
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Niederlande
| | - W van Emde Boas
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Niederlande
| | - R Mameniskiene
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Center for Neurology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Litauen
| | - P Marusic
- Department of Neurology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Motol University Hospital, Tschechische Republik
| | - J Zárubová
- Department of Neurology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Motol University Hospital, Tschechische Republik
| | - I Rosén
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Lund, Lund, Schweden
| | | | - A Ikeda
- Department of Epilepsy, Movement Disorders and Physiology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Shogoin, Sakyo-ku Kyoto, Japan
| | - D MacDonald
- Department of Neurosciences, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabien
| | - K Terada
- Department of Neurology, Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorders, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Y Ugawa
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - D Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - S Herman
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Clinical Neurophysiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S Beniczky
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Dänemark
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Dänemark
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10
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Kaminska A, Cheliout-Heraut F, Eisermann M, Touzery de Villepin A, Lamblin M. EEG in children, in the laboratory or at the patient's bedside. Neurophysiol Clin 2015; 45:65-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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11
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Fehring V, Schaeper U, Ahrens K, Santel A, Keil O, Eisermann M, Giese K, Kaufmann J. Delivery of therapeutic siRNA to the lung endothelium via novel Lipoplex formulation DACC. Mol Ther 2014; 22:811-20. [PMID: 24390281 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2013.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttranscriptional gene silencing by RNA interference can be therapeutically exploited to inhibit pathophysiological gene expression. However, in contrast to the established effectiveness of RNAi in vitro, safe and effective delivery of siRNAs to specific organs and cell types in vivo remains the major hurdle. Here, we report the development and in vivo characterization of a novel siRNA delivery system (DACC lipoplex) suitable for modulating target gene expression specifically in the lung vasculature. Systemic administration of DACC in mice delivered siRNA cargo functionally to the lung pulmonary endothelium. A single dose of DACC lipoplexes administered by bolus injection or by infusion was sufficient to specifically silence genes expressed in pulmonary endothelial cells such as CD31, Tie-2, VE-cadherin, or BMP-R2. When tested in a mouse model for lung cancer, repeated treatment with DACC/siRNA(CD31) reduced formation of lung metastases and increased life span in a mouse model of experimental lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Fehring
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - U Schaeper
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - K Ahrens
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Santel
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - O Keil
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - K Giese
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
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12
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Eisermann M, Nabbout R, Plouin P, Dulac O, Kaminska A. Video-EEG study of early onset epileptic encephalopathy with suppression bursts. Neurophysiol Clin 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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13
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Eisermann M, Kaminska A, Moutard ML, Soufflet C, Plouin P. Normal EEG in childhood: From neonates to adolescents. Neurophysiol Clin 2013; 43:35-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2012.09.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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14
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Santel A, Aleku M, Röder N, Möpert K, Durieux B, Janke O, Keil O, Endruschat J, Dames S, Lange C, Eisermann M, Löffler K, Fechtner M, Fisch G, Vank C, Schaeper U, Giese K, Kaufmann J. Atu027 prevents pulmonary metastasis in experimental and spontaneous mouse metastasis models. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:5469-80. [PMID: 21062934 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-1994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Atu027, a novel RNA interference therapeutic, has been shown to inhibit lymph node metastasis in orthotopic prostate cancer mouse models. The aim of this study is to elucidate the pharmacologic activity of Atu027 in inhibiting hematogenous metastasis to the target organ lung in four different preclinical mouse models. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Atu027 compared with vehicle or control small interfering RNA lipoplexes was tested in two experimental lung metastasis models (Lewis lung carcinoma, B16V) and spontaneous metastasis mouse models (MDA-MB-435, MDA-MB-231, mammary fat pad). Different dosing schedules (repeated low volume tail vein injections) were applied to obtain insight into effective Atu027 treatment. Primary tumor growth and lung metastasis were measured, and tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and histology. In vitro studies in human umbilical vein endothelial cells were carried out to provide an insight into molecular changes on depletion of PKN3, in support of efficacy results. RESULTS Intravenous administration of Atu027 prevents pulmonary metastasis. In particular, formation of spontaneous lung metastasis was significantly inhibited in animals with large tumor grafts as well as in mice with resected primary mammary fat pad tumors. In addition, we provide evidence that an increase in VE-cadherin protein levels as a downstream result of PKN3 target gene inhibition may change endothelial function, resulting in reduced colonization and micrometastasis formation. CONCLUSION Atu027 can be considered as a potent drug for preventing lung metastasis formation, which might be suitable for preventing hematogenous metastasis in addition to standard cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansgar Santel
- Silence Therapeutics AG, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, Otto-Warburg-Haus 80, Berlin,Germany
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep is known to improve the yield of EEG recording in children but is often difficult to obtain. In order to evaluate the efficacy and to test the practicability of oral melatonin in obtaining sleep for EEG recording, we studied its use in 70 children. RESULTS Sleep was obtained in 56 children (80%) with a mean sleep latency onset of 25 ± 7.9 min (15-45) after melatonin administration, and a mean sleep duration of 17.1 ± 8.6 min (5-55). 28 children (50%) woke up spontaneously after 13.2 ± 7.9 min (5-40). Among 18 children with severe behaviour problems that made interpretable EEG recording in the awake state impossible, sleep was obtained in 13 (72%) children. The rare symptoms reported (4%) were not reliably related to the use of melatonin. CONCLUSION The study shows a very good efficacy in sleep induction for EEG recording, even in children with severe behaviour problems. Sleep duration was, however, short with a high proportion of spontaneous arousals but in all patients it was sufficient for an initial diagnosis or control of the evolution of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Eisermann
- Department of Pediatric Clinical Neurophysiology APHP Cochin, Saint Vincent de Paul Hospital and René Descartes University, 82 Avenue Denfert Rochereau, Paris, France.
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16
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Bahi-Buisson N, Ville D, Eisermann M, Plouin P, Kaminska A, Chiron C. L'épilepsie dans les aberrations chromosomiques. Arch Pediatr 2005; 12:449-58. [PMID: 15808438 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2004.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2004] [Accepted: 12/15/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is among the most frequent finding in many chromosome aberrations. While most chromosome aberrations can be associated with different seizure types, there are few aberrations which feature specific seizures and EEG patterns. Among the 400 different chromosomal imbalances described with seizures and EEG abnormalities, eight have a high association with epilepsy. These comprise: the monosomy 1p36, Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (4p-), Angelman syndrome, Miller-Dieker del 17p13.3, the inversion duplication 15 syndrome, ring 20 and ring 14 syndromes, Down's syndrome. These chromosomal regions where aberrations have an evident association with epilepsy may be useful targets for gene hunters. On the other hand, a better characterisation of epileptic syndrome in these disorders may lead to a better and specific treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bahi-Buisson
- Service de neuropédiatrie et maladies métaboliques, hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, assistance-publique-hôpitaux de Paris, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
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