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Enayati A, Salehi A, Alilou M, Stuppner H, Polshekan M, Rajaei M, Pourabouk M, Jabbari A, Mazaheri Z, Yassa N, Moheimani HR, Khori V. Potentilla reptans L. postconditioning protects reperfusion injury via the RISK/SAFE pathways in an isolated rat heart. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:288. [PMID: 34823510 PMCID: PMC8620719 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous study indicated that Potentilla reptans root has a preconditioning effect by its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects in an isolated rat heart ischemia/reperfusion (IR) model. In the present study, we investigated the post-conditioning cardio-protective effects of Potentilla reptans and its active substances. Methods The ethyl acetate fraction of P. reptans root (Et) was subjected to an IR model under 30 min of ischemia and 100 min of reperfusion. To investigate the postconditioning effect, Et was perfused for 15 min at the early phase of reperfusion. RISK/SAFE pathway inhibitors, 5HD and L-NAME, were applied individually 10 min before the ischemia, either alone or in combination with Et during the early reperfusion phase. The hemodynamic factors and ventricular arrhythmia were calculated during the reperfusion. Oxidative stress, apoptosis markers, GSK-3β and SGK1 proteins were assessed at the end of experiments. Results Et postconditioning (Etpost) significantly reduced the infarct size, arrhythmia score, ventricular fibrillation incidence, and enhanced the hemodynamic parameters by decreasing the MDA level and increasing expression of Nrf2, SOD and CAT activities. Meanwhile, Etpost increased the BCl-2/BAX ratio and decreased Caspase-3 expression. The cardioprotective effect of Etpost was abrogated by L-NAME, Wortmannin (a PI3K/Akt inhibitor), and AG490 (a JAK/STAT3 inhibitor). Finally, Etpost reduced the expression of GSK-3β and SGK1 proteins pertaining to the IR group. Conclusion P. reptans reveals the post-conditioning effects via the Nrf2 pathway, NO release, and the RISK/SAFE pathway. Also, Etpost decreased apoptotic indexes by inhibiting GSK-3β and SGK1 expressions. Hence, our data suggest that Etpost can be a suitable natural candidate to protect cardiomyocytes during reperfusion injury. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-021-03456-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesheh Enayati
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Aref Salehi
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Alilou
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mirali Polshekan
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Maryam Rajaei
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mona Pourabouk
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Jabbari
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran.,Research Clinical Development unit (CRDU) 5 Azar Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mazaheri
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Narguess Yassa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Moheimani
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Vahid Khori
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran.
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Moheimani HR, Amiriani T, Alizadeh AM, Jand Y, Shakiba D, Ensan PS, Jafarzadeh F, Rajaei M, Enayati A, Pourabouk M, Aliazadeh S, Pourkhani AH, Mazaheri Z, Zeyghami MA, Dehpour A, Khori V. Preconditioning and anti-apoptotic effects of Metformin and Cyclosporine-A in an isolated bile duct-ligated rat heart. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 893:173807. [PMID: 33359222 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite all previous studies relating to the mechanism of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM), the role of cirrhosis on Ischemic Preconditioning (IPC) has not yet been explored. The present study strives to assess the cardioprotective role of IPC in bile duct ligated (BDL) rats as well as the cardioprotective role of Cyclosporin-A (CsA) and Metformin (Met) in CCM. Cirrhosis was induced by bile duct ligation (BDL). Rats' hearts were isolated and attached to a Langendorff Apparatus. The pharmacological preconditioning with Met and CsA was done before the main ischemia. Myocardial infarct size, hemodynamic and electrophysiological parameters, biochemical markers, and apoptotic indices were determined at the end of the experiment. Infarct size, apoptotic indices, arrhythmia score, and incidence of VF decreased significantly in the IPC group in comparison with the I/R group. These significant decreases were abolished in the IPC (BDL) group. Met significantly decreased the infarct size and apoptotic indices compared with I/R (BDL) and normal groups, while CsA led to similar decreases except in the level of caspase-3 and -8. Met and CsA decreased and increased the arrhythmia score and incidence of VF in the BDL groups, respectively. Functional recovery indices decreased in the I/R (BDL) and IPC (BDL) groups. Met improved these parameters. Therefore, the current study depicted that the cardioprotective effect of Met and CsA on BDL rats is mediated through the balance between pAMPK and apoptosis in the mitochondria.
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Key Words
- Bile duct ligation
- Caspase
- Cyclosporin-A
- Cyclosporin-A (3S,6S,9S,12R,15S,18S,21S,24S,30S,33S)-30-Ethyl-33-[(E,1R,2R)-1-Hydroxy-2-methylhex-4-enyl]-1,4,7,10,12,15,19,25,28-nonamethyl-6,9,18,24-tetrakis(2-methylpropyl)-3,21-di(propan-2-yl)-1,4,7,10,13,16,19,22,25,28,31undecazacyclotritriacontane-2,5,8,11,14,17,20,23,26,29,32-undecone, PubChemCID: 5284373
- Ischemic preconditioning
- Metformin
- Metformin 3-(diaminomethylidene)-1,1-dimethylguanidine, PubChem CID:4091
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Reza Moheimani
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Taghi Amiriani
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Alizadeh
- Cancer Research Center of Institute Cancer, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yahya Jand
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Delaram Shakiba
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Parham Sayyah Ensan
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Jafarzadeh
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Maryam Rajaei
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ayesheh Enayati
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mona Pourabouk
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Shahriar Aliazadeh
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Amir Hoshang Pourkhani
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mazaheri
- Basic Medical Science Research Center, Histogenotech Company, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Zeyghami
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Dehpour
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Vahid Khori
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
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Aghaei M, Motallebnezhad M, Ghorghanlu S, Jabbari A, Enayati A, Rajaei M, Pourabouk M, Moradi A, Alizadeh AM, Khori V. Targeting autophagy in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury: A novel therapeutic strategy. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16768-16778. [PMID: 30807647 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of morbidity worldwide. Myocardial reperfusion is known as an effective therapeutic choice against AMI. However, reperfusion of blood flow induces ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury through different complex processes including ion accumulation, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, the formation of reactive oxygen species, and so forth. One of the processes that gets activated in response to I/R injury is autophagy. Indeed, autophagy acts as a "double-edged sword" in the pathology of myocardial I/R injury and there is a controversy about autophagy being beneficial or detrimental. On the basis of the autophagy effect and regulation on myocardial I/R injury, many studies targeted it as a therapeutic strategy. In this review, we discuss the role of autophagy in I/R injury and its targeting as a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Aghaei
- Rheumatology Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Morteza Motallebnezhad
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajjad Ghorghanlu
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Jabbari
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ayesheh Enayati
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Rajaei
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mona Pourabouk
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Alireza Moradi
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | | | - Vahid Khori
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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