1
|
Yazdi M, Hasanzadeh Kafshgari M, Khademi Moghadam F, Zarezade V, Oellinger R, Khosravi M, Haas S, Hoch CC, Pockley AG, Wagner E, Wollenberg B, Multhoff G, Bashiri Dezfouli A. Crosstalk Between NK Cell Receptors and Tumor Membrane Hsp70-Derived Peptide: A Combined Computational and Experimental Study. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2305998. [PMID: 38298098 PMCID: PMC11005703 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are central components of the innate immunity system against cancers. Since tumor cells have evolved a series of mechanisms to escape from NK cells, developing methods for increasing the NK cell antitumor activity is of utmost importance. It is previously shown that an ex vivo stimulation of patient-derived NK cells with interleukin (IL)-2 and Hsp70-derived peptide TKD (TKDNNLLGRFELSG, aa450-461) results in a significant upregulation of activating receptors including CD94 and CD69 which triggers exhausted NK cells to target and kill malignant solid tumors expressing membrane Hsp70 (mHsp70). Considering that TKD binding to an activating receptor is the initial step in the cytolytic signaling cascade of NK cells, herein this interaction is studied by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation computational modeling. The in silico results showed a crucial role of the heterodimeric receptor CD94/NKG2A and CD94/NKG2C in the TKD interaction with NK cells. Antibody blocking and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout studies verified the key function of CD94 in the TKD stimulation and activation of NK cells which is characterized by an increased cytotoxic capacity against mHsp70 positive tumor cells via enhanced production and release of lytic granules and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Yazdi
- Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyDepartment of PharmacyLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität (LMU)81377MunichGermany
| | - Morteza Hasanzadeh Kafshgari
- Heinz‐Nixdorf‐Chair of Biomedical ElectronicsCampus Klinikum München rechts der IsarTranslaTUMTechnische Universität München81675MunichGermany
| | | | - Vahid Zarezade
- Behbahan Faculty of Medical SciencesBehbahan6361796819Iran
| | - Rupert Oellinger
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional GenomicsSchool of MedicineTechnische Universität München81675MunichGermany
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM)School of MedicineTechnische Universität München81675MunichGermany
| | - Mohammad Khosravi
- Department of PathobiologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineShahid Chamran University of AhvazAhvaz6135783151Iran
| | - Stefan Haas
- Department of Radiation OncologySchool of MedicineTechnische Universität München81675MunichGermany
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologySchool of MedicineTechnische Universität München81675MunichGermany
| | - Cosima C. Hoch
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologySchool of MedicineTechnische Universität München81675MunichGermany
| | - Alan Graham Pockley
- John van Geest Cancer Research CentreSchool of Science and TechnologyNottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamNG11 8NSUK
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyDepartment of PharmacyLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität (LMU)81377MunichGermany
| | - Barbara Wollenberg
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologySchool of MedicineTechnische Universität München81675MunichGermany
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM)School of MedicineTechnische Universität München81675MunichGermany
- Department of Radiation OncologySchool of MedicineTechnische Universität München81675MunichGermany
| | - Ali Bashiri Dezfouli
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM)School of MedicineTechnische Universität München81675MunichGermany
- Department of Radiation OncologySchool of MedicineTechnische Universität München81675MunichGermany
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologySchool of MedicineTechnische Universität München81675MunichGermany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fabiano L, Pandey S, Brischwein M, Hasanzadeh Kafshgari M, Hayden O. Continuous Perfusion Experiments on 3D Cell Proliferation in Acoustic Levitation. Micromachines (Basel) 2024; 15:436. [PMID: 38675247 PMCID: PMC11051894 DOI: 10.3390/mi15040436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
An acoustofluidic trap is used for accurate 3D cell proliferation and cell function analysis in levitation. The prototype trap can be integrated with any microscope setup, allowing continuous perfusion experiments with temperature and flow control under optical inspection. To describe the trap function, we present a mathematical and FEM-based COMSOL model for the acoustic mode that defines the nodal position of trapped objects in the spherical cavity aligned with the microscope field of view and depth of field. Continuous perfusion experiments were conducted in sterile conditions over 55 h with a K562 cell line, allowing for deterministic monitoring. The acoustofluidic platform allows for rational in vitro cell testing imitating in vivo conditions such as cell function tests or cell-cell interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Fabiano
- Heinz-Nixdorf-Chair of Biomedical Electronics, School of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University of Munich, TranslaTUM, 80333 Munich, Germany; (L.F.); (M.B.); (M.H.K.)
| | - Shilpi Pandey
- Heinz-Nixdorf-Chair of Biomedical Electronics, School of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University of Munich, TranslaTUM, 80333 Munich, Germany; (L.F.); (M.B.); (M.H.K.)
| | - Martin Brischwein
- Heinz-Nixdorf-Chair of Biomedical Electronics, School of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University of Munich, TranslaTUM, 80333 Munich, Germany; (L.F.); (M.B.); (M.H.K.)
| | - Morteza Hasanzadeh Kafshgari
- Heinz-Nixdorf-Chair of Biomedical Electronics, School of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University of Munich, TranslaTUM, 80333 Munich, Germany; (L.F.); (M.B.); (M.H.K.)
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Hayden
- Heinz-Nixdorf-Chair of Biomedical Electronics, School of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University of Munich, TranslaTUM, 80333 Munich, Germany; (L.F.); (M.B.); (M.H.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lennartz P, Thölke D, Bashiri Dezfouli A, Pilz M, Lobinger D, Messner V, Zanth H, Ainslie K, Kafshgari MH, Rammes G, Ballmann M, Schlegel M, Foulds GA, Pockley AG, Schmidt-Graf F, Multhoff G. Biomarkers in Adult-Type Diffuse Gliomas: Elevated Levels of Circulating Vesicular Heat Shock Protein 70 Serve as a Biomarker in Grade 4 Glioblastoma and Increase NK Cell Frequencies in Grade 3 Glioma. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3235. [PMID: 38137456 PMCID: PMC10741018 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of circulating Hsp70 levels and their influence on the immunophenotype of circulating lymphocyte subsets were examined as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers for the overall survival (OS) in patients with IDH-mutant WHO grade 3 oligodendroglioma, astrocytoma, and IDH-wildtype grade 4 glioblastoma (GBM). Vesicular and free Hsp70 in the plasma/serum was measured using the Hsp70-exo and R&D Systems DuoSet® Hsp70 ELISAs. The immunophenotype and membrane Hsp70 status was determined by multiparameter flow cytometry on peripheral blood lymphocytes and single-cell suspensions of tumor specimens and cultured cells. Compared to healthy controls, circulating vesicular Hsp70 levels were significantly increased in patients with GBM, concomitant with a significant decrease in the proportion of CD3+/CD4+ helper T cells, whereas the frequency of NK cells was most prominently increased in patients with grade 3 gliomas. Elevated circulating Hsp70 levels and a higher prevalence of activated CD3-/CD56+/CD94+/CD69+ NK cells were associated with an improved OS in grade 3 gliomas, whereas high Hsp70 levels and low CD3+/CD4+ frequencies were associated with an adverse OS in GBM. It is assumed that a reduced membrane Hsp70 density on grade 4 versus grade 3 primary glioma cells and reduced CD3+/CD4+ T cell counts in GBM might drive an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Lennartz
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (D.T.); (A.B.D.); (V.M.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Dennis Thölke
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (D.T.); (A.B.D.); (V.M.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Ali Bashiri Dezfouli
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (D.T.); (A.B.D.); (V.M.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias Pilz
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (D.T.); (A.B.D.); (V.M.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Lobinger
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, München Klinik Bogenhausen, Lehrkrankenhaus der TUM, 81925 Munich, Germany;
| | - Verena Messner
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (D.T.); (A.B.D.); (V.M.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Hannah Zanth
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (D.T.); (A.B.D.); (V.M.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Karen Ainslie
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (D.T.); (A.B.D.); (V.M.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Morteza Hasanzadeh Kafshgari
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (D.T.); (A.B.D.); (V.M.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical Electronics, Central Instititute for Translational Cancer Research, Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Gerhard Rammes
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany (M.S.)
| | - Markus Ballmann
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany (M.S.)
| | - Martin Schlegel
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany (M.S.)
| | - Gemma Ann Foulds
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK; (G.A.F.); (A.G.P.)
| | - Alan Graham Pockley
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK; (G.A.F.); (A.G.P.)
| | - Friederike Schmidt-Graf
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany;
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (D.T.); (A.B.D.); (V.M.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, 81675 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Uzel A, Agiotis L, Baron A, Zhigaltsev IV, Cullis PR, Hasanzadeh Kafshgari M, Meunier M. Single Pulse Nanosecond Laser-Stimulated Targeted Delivery of Anti-Cancer Drugs from Hybrid Lipid Nanoparticles Containing 5 nm Gold Nanoparticles. Small 2023; 19:e2305591. [PMID: 37936336 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulating chemotherapeutic drugs like doxorubicin (DOX) inside lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) can overcome their acute, systematic toxicity. However, a precise drug release at the tumor microenvironment for improving the maximum tolerated dose and reducing side effects has yet to be well-established by implementing a safe stimuli-responsive strategy. This study proposes an integrated nanoscale perforation to trigger DOX release from hybrid plasmonic multilamellar LNPs composed of 5 nm gold (Au) NPs clustered at the internal lamellae interfaces. To promote site-specific DOX release, a single pulse irradiation strategy is developed by taking advantage of the resonant interaction between nanosecond pulsed laser radiation (527 nm) and the plasmon mode of the hybrid nanocarriers. This approach enlarges the amount of DOX in the target cells up to 11-fold compared to conventional DOX-loaded LNPs, leading to significant cancer cell death. The simulation of the pulsed laser interactions of the hybrid nanocarriers suggests a release mechanism mediated by either explosive vaporization of thin water layers adjacent to AuNP clusters or thermo-mechanical decomposition of overheated lipid layers. This simulation indicates an intact DOX integrity following irradiation since the temperature distribution is highly localized around AuNP clusters and highlights a controlled light-triggered drug delivery system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Uzel
- Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montréal, Montreal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Leonidas Agiotis
- Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montréal, Montreal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Amélie Baron
- Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montréal, Montreal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Igor V Zhigaltsev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Pieter R Cullis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | | | - Michel Meunier
- Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montréal, Montreal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wittmann A, Bartels A, Alkotub B, Bauer L, Kafshgari MH, Multhoff G. Chronic inflammatory effects of in vivo irradiation of the murine heart on endothelial cells mimic mechanisms involved in atherosclerosis. Strahlenther Onkol 2023; 199:1214-1224. [PMID: 37658922 PMCID: PMC10673733 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-023-02130-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiotherapy is a major pillar in the treatment of solid tumors including breast cancer. However, epidemiological studies have revealed an increase in cardiac diseases approximately a decade after exposure of the thorax to ionizing irradiation, which might be related to vascular inflammation. Therefore, chronic inflammatory effects were examined in primary heart and lung endothelial cells (ECs) of mice after local heart irradiation. METHODS Long-lasting effects on primary ECs of the heart and lung were studied 20-50 weeks after local irradiation of the heart of mice (8 and 16 Gy) in vivo by multiparameter flow cytometry using antibodies directed against cell surface markers related to proliferation, stemness, lipid metabolism, and inflammation, and compared to those induced by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. RESULTS In vivo irradiation of the complete heart caused long-lasting persistent upregulation of inflammatory (HCAM, ICAM‑1, VCAM-1), proliferation (CD105), and lipid (CD36) markers on primary heart ECs and an upregulation of ICAM‑1 and VCAM‑1 on primary ECs of the partially irradiated lung lobe. An artificially induced heart infarction induces similar effects with respect to inflammatory markers, albeit in a shorter time period. CONCLUSION The long-lasting upregulation of prominent inflammatory markers on primary heart and lung ECs suggests that local heart irradiation induces chronic inflammation in the microvasculature of the heart and partially irradiated lung that leads to cardiac injury which might be related to altered lipid metabolism in the heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Wittmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich, Germany
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München (TUM), Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Bartels
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Bayan Alkotub
- Institute of Biological Medical Imaging, Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HMGU), Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Bauer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich, Germany
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München (TUM), Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Morteza Hasanzadeh Kafshgari
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Heinz-Nixdorf-Chair for Biomedical Electronics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich, Germany.
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München (TUM), Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zapata-Farfan J, Kafshgari MH, Patskovsky S, Meunier M. Dynamic multispectral detection of bacteria with nanoplasmonic markers. Nanoscale 2023; 15:3309-3317. [PMID: 36625354 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03047k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Culture-based diagnosis of bacterial diseases is a time-consuming technique that can lead not only to antibiotic resistance or bacterial mutation but also to fast-spreading diseases. Such mutations contribute to the fast deterioration of the patient's health and in some cases the death depending on the complexity of the infection. There is great interest in developing widely available molecular-level diagnostics that provide accurate and rapid diagnosis at the individual level and that do not require sophisticated analysis or expensive equipment. Here, we present a promising analytical approach to detect the presence of pathogenic bacteria based on their dynamic properties enhanced with nanoplasmonic biomarkers. These markers have shown greater photostability and biocompatibility compared to fluorescent markers and quantum dots, and serve as both a selective marker and an amplifying agent in optical biomedical detection. We show that a simple dark-field side- illumination technique can provide sufficiently high-contrast dynamic images of individual plasmonic nanoparticles attached to Escherichia coli (E. coli) for multiplex biodetection. Combined with numerical dynamic filtering, our proposed system shows great potential for the deployment of portable commercial devices for rapid diagnostic tests available to physicians in emergency departments, clinics and public hospitals as point-of-care devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennyfer Zapata-Farfan
- Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3A7, Canada.
| | | | - Sergiy Patskovsky
- Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3A7, Canada.
| | - Michel Meunier
- Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3A7, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wu Z, Stangl S, Hernandez-Schnelzer A, Wang F, Hasanzadeh Kafshgari M, Bashiri Dezfouli A, Multhoff G. Functionalized Hybrid Iron Oxide-Gold Nanoparticles Targeting Membrane Hsp70 Radiosensitize Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells by ROS-Mediated Apoptosis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041167. [PMID: 36831510 PMCID: PMC9954378 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) a highly aggressive tumor entity with an unfavorable prognosis, is treated by multimodal therapies, including ionizing radiation (IR). Radiation-resistant tumor cells, as well as induced normal tissue toxicity, contribute to the poor clinical outcome of the disease. In this study, we investigated the potential of novel hybrid iron oxide (Fe3O4)-gold (Au) nanoparticles (FeAuNPs) functionalized with the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) tumor-penetrating peptide (TPP) and coupled via a PEG4 linker (TPP-PEG4-FeAuNPs) to improve tumor targeting and uptake of NPs and to break radioresistance in TNBC cell lines 4T1 and MDA-MB-231. Hsp70 is overexpressed in the cytosol and abundantly presented on the cell membrane (mHsp70) of highly aggressive tumor cells, including TNBCs, but not on corresponding normal cells, thus providing a tumor-specific target. The Fe3O4 core of the NPs can serve as a contrast agent enabling magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the tumor, and the nanogold shell radiosensitizes tumor cells by the release of secondary electrons (Auger electrons) upon X-ray irradiation. We demonstrated that the accumulation of TPP-PEG4-FeAuNPs into mHsp70-positive TNBC cells was superior to that of non-conjugated FeAuNPs and FeAuNPs functionalized with a non-specific, scrambled peptide (NGL). After a 24 h co-incubation period of 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 cells with TPP-PEG4-FeAuNPs, but not with control hybrid NPs, ionizing irradiation (IR) causes a cell cycle arrest at G2/M and induces DNA double-strand breaks, thus triggering apoptotic cell death. Since the radiosensitizing effect was completely abolished in the presence of the ROS inhibitor N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), we assume that the TPP-PEG4-FeAuNP-induced apoptosis is mediated via an increased production of ROS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Wu
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Radiation Immuno Oncology Group, Klinikum Rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Stangl
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Radiation Immuno Oncology Group, Klinikum Rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Alicia Hernandez-Schnelzer
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Radiation Immuno Oncology Group, Klinikum Rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Fei Wang
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Radiation Immuno Oncology Group, Klinikum Rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Morteza Hasanzadeh Kafshgari
- Heinz-Nixdorf-Chair of Biomedical Electronics, TranslaTUM, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Ali Bashiri Dezfouli
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Radiation Immuno Oncology Group, Klinikum Rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Radiation Immuno Oncology Group, Klinikum Rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technischen Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-4140-4514; Fax: +49-89-4140-4299
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hasanzadeh Kafshgari M, Hayden O. Advances in analytical microfluidic workflows for differential cancer diagnosis. Nano Select 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202200158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Hasanzadeh Kafshgari
- Heinz‐Nixdorf‐Chair of Biomedical Electronics Campus Klinikum München rechts der Isar TranslaTUM Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
| | - Oliver Hayden
- Heinz‐Nixdorf‐Chair of Biomedical Electronics Campus Klinikum München rechts der Isar TranslaTUM Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hasanzadeh Kafshgari M, Agiotis L, Largillière I, Patskovsky S, Meunier M. Antibody-Functionalized Gold Nanostar-Mediated On-Resonance Picosecond Laser Optoporation for Targeted Delivery of RNA Therapeutics. Small 2021; 17:e2007577. [PMID: 33783106 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The rapid advances of genetic and genomic technology indicate promising therapeutic potential of genetic materials for regulating abnormal gene expressions causing diseases and disorders. However, targeted intracellular delivery of RNA therapeutics still remains a major challenge hindering the clinical translation. In this study, an elaborated plasmonic optoporation approach is proposed to efficiently and selectively transfect specific cells. The site-specific optoporation is obtained by tuning the spectral range of a supercontinuum pulsed picosecond laser in order for each individual cell binding gold nanostar with their unique resonance peak to magnify the local field strength in the near-infrared region and facilitate a selective delivery of small interfering RNA, messenger RNA, and Cas9-ribonucleoprotein into human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Numerical simulations indicate that optoporation is not due to a plasma-mediated process but rather due to a highly localized temperature rise both in time (few nanoseconds) and space (few nanometers). Taking advantage of the numerical simulation and fine-tuning of the optical strategy, the perforated lipid bilayer of targeted cells undergoes a membrane recovery process, important to retain their viability. The results signify the prospects of antibody functionalized nanostar-mediated optoporation as a simple and realistic gene delivery approach for future clinical practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonidas Agiotis
- Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3C3A7, Canada
| | - Isabelle Largillière
- Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3C3A7, Canada
| | - Sergiy Patskovsky
- Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3C3A7, Canada
| | - Michel Meunier
- Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3C3A7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hasanzadeh Kafshgari M, Goldmann WH. Insights into Theranostic Properties of Titanium Dioxide for Nanomedicine. Nanomicro Lett 2020; 12:22. [PMID: 34138062 PMCID: PMC7770757 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-019-0362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanostructures exhibit a broad range of theranostic properties that make them attractive for biomedical applications. TiO2 nanostructures promise to improve current theranostic strategies by leveraging the enhanced quantum confinement, thermal conversion, specific surface area, and surface activity. This review highlights certain important aspects of fabrication strategies, which are employed to generate multifunctional TiO2 nanostructures, while outlining post-fabrication techniques with an emphasis on their suitability for nanomedicine. The biodistribution, toxicity, biocompatibility, cellular adhesion, and endocytosis of these nanostructures, when exposed to biological microenvironments, are examined in regard to their geometry, size, and surface chemistry. The final section focuses on recent biomedical applications of TiO2 nanostructures, specifically evaluating therapeutic delivery, photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy, bioimaging, biosensing, tissue regeneration, as well as chronic wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wolfgang H Goldmann
- Department of Physics, Biophysics Group, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hasanzadeh Kafshgari M, Kah D, Mazare A, Nguyen NT, Distaso M, Peukert W, Goldmann WH, Schmuki P, Fabry B. Anodic Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes for Magnetically Guided Therapeutic Delivery. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13439. [PMID: 31530838 PMCID: PMC6748954 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49513-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Hollow titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes offer substantially higher drug loading capacity and slower drug release kinetics compared to solid drug nanocarriers of comparable size. In this report, we load TiO2 nanotubes with iron oxide nanoparticles to facilitate site-specific magnetic guidance and drug delivery. We generate magnetic TiO2 nanotubes (TiO2NTs) by incorporating a ferrofluid containing Ø ≈ 10 nm iron oxide nanoparticles in planar sheets of weakly connected TiO2 nanotubes. After thermal annealing, the magnetic tubular arrays are loaded with therapeutic drugs and then sonicated to separate the nanotubes. We demonstrate that magnetic TiO2NTs are non-toxic for HeLa cells at therapeutic concentrations (≤200 µg/mL). Adhesion and endocytosis of magnetic nanotubes to a layer of HeLa cells are increased in the presence of a magnetic gradient field. As a proof-of-concept, we load the nanotubes with the topoisomerase inhibitor camptothecin and achieve a 90% killing efficiency. We also load the nanotubes with oligonucleotides for cell transfection and achieve 100% cellular uptake efficiency. Our results demonstrate the potential of magnetic TiO2NTs for a wide range of biomedical applications, including site-specific delivery of therapeutic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Hasanzadeh Kafshgari
- Department of Physics, Biophysics Group, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, WW4-LKO, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montreál, Montreál, Quebec, H3C3A7, Canada
| | - Delf Kah
- Department of Physics, Biophysics Group, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anca Mazare
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, WW4-LKO, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nhat Truong Nguyen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, WW4-LKO, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Monica Distaso
- Institute of Particle Technology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang H Goldmann
- Department of Physics, Biophysics Group, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Patrik Schmuki
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, WW4-LKO, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Ben Fabry
- Department of Physics, Biophysics Group, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kafshgari MH, Mazare A, Distaso M, Goldmann WH, Peukert W, Fabry B, Schmuki P. Intracellular Drug Delivery with Anodic Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes and Nanocylinders. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:14980-14985. [PMID: 30916543 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b01211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) holds remarkable promises for developing current theranostic strategies. Anodic TiO2 nanostructures as a porous scaffold have offered a broad range of useful theranostic properties; however, previous attempts to generate single and uniform TiO2 one-dimensional nanocarriers from anodic nanotube arrays have resulted in a broad cluster size distribution of arbitrarily broken tubes that are unsuitable for therapeutic delivery systems due to poor biodistribution and the risk of introducing tissue inflammation. Here, we achieve well-separated, uniformly shaped anodic TiO2 nanotubes and nanocylinders through a time-varying electrochemical anodization protocol that leads to the generation of planar sheets of weakly connected nanotubes with a defined fracture point near the base. Subsequent sonication cleanly detaches the nanotubes from the base. Depending on the position of the fracture point, we can fabricate single-anodic nanocylinders that are open on both ends and nanotubes that are closed on one end. We proceed to show that anodic nanotubes and nanocylinders are nontoxic at therapeutic concentrations. When conjugated with the anticancer drug doxorubicin using a pH-responsive linker, they are readily internalized by cells and subsequently release their drug cargo into acidic intracellular compartments. Our results demonstrate that uniformly sized anodic TiO2 nanotubes and nanocylinders are suitable for subcellular delivery of therapeutic agents in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wolfgang H Goldmann
- Department of Physics, Biophysics Group , University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen 91052 , Germany
| | | | - Ben Fabry
- Department of Physics, Biophysics Group , University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen 91052 , Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Turner CT, Hasanzadeh Kafshgari M, Melville E, Delalat B, Harding F, Mäkilä E, Salonen JJ, Cowin AJ, Voelcker NH. Delivery of Flightless I siRNA from Porous Silicon Nanoparticles Improves Wound Healing in Mice. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:2339-2346. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T. Turner
- Regenerative Medicine, Future
Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Morteza Hasanzadeh Kafshgari
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Melville
- Regenerative Medicine, Future
Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Bahman Delalat
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Francis Harding
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Ermei Mäkilä
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Jarno J. Salonen
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Allison J. Cowin
- Regenerative Medicine, Future
Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Nicolas H. Voelcker
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Zero-valent, or elemental, silicon nanostructures exhibit a number of properties that render them attractive for applications in nanomedicine. These materials hold significant promise for improving existing diagnostic and therapeutic techniques. This review summarizes some of the essential aspects of the fabrication techniques used to generate these fascinating nanostructures, comparing their material properties and suitability for biomedical applications. We examine the literature in regards to toxicity, biocompatibility and biodistribution of silicon nanoparticles, nanowires and nanotubes, with an emphasis on surface modification and its influence on cell adhesion and endocytosis. In the final part of this review, our attention is focused on current applications of the fabricated silicon nanostructures in nanomedicine, specifically examining drug and gene delivery, bioimaging and biosensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Hasanzadeh Kafshgari
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Mawson Institute, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Mawson Institute, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Frances J Harding
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Mawson Institute, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Michl TD, Coad BR, Doran M, Osiecki M, Kafshgari MH, Voelcker NH, Hüsler A, Vasilev K, Griesser HJ. Nitric oxide releasing plasma polymer coating with bacteriostatic properties and no cytotoxic side effects. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:7058-60. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01722j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a stable plasma polymer coating which releases nitric oxide, inhibiting bacterial growth without cytotoxic side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D. Michl
- Ian Wark Research Institute
- University of South Australia
- Mawson Lakes
- Australia
- Mawson Institute
| | - Bryan R. Coad
- Mawson Institute
- University of South Australia
- Mawson Lakes
- Australia
| | - Michael Doran
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation
- Queensland University of Technology
- Kelvin Grove
- Australia
| | - Michael Osiecki
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation
- Queensland University of Technology
- Kelvin Grove
- Australia
| | | | | | - Amanda Hüsler
- Ian Wark Research Institute
- University of South Australia
- Mawson Lakes
- Australia
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- Mawson Institute
- University of South Australia
- Mawson Lakes
- Australia
| | - Hans J. Griesser
- Mawson Institute
- University of South Australia
- Mawson Lakes
- Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Alaei
- School of Chemical, Petroleum
and Gas Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kafshgari MH, Cavallaro A, Delalat B, Harding FJ, McInnes SJP, Mäkilä E, Salonen J, Vasilev K, Voelcker NH. Nitric oxide-releasing porous silicon nanoparticles. Nanoscale Res Lett 2014; 9:333. [PMID: 25114633 PMCID: PMC4109794 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the ability of porous silicon nanoparticles (PSi NPs) to entrap and deliver nitric oxide (NO) as an effective antibacterial agent is tested against different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. NO was entrapped inside PSi NPs functionalized by means of the thermal hydrocarbonization (THC) process. Subsequent reduction of nitrite in the presence of d-glucose led to the production of large NO payloads without reducing the biocompatibility of the PSi NPs with mammalian cells. The resulting PSi NPs demonstrated sustained release of NO and showed remarkable antibacterial efficiency and anti-biofilm-forming properties. These results will set the stage to develop antimicrobial nanoparticle formulations for applications in chronic wound treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Hasanzadeh Kafshgari
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Mawson Institute, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471 Adelaide, SA
5001, Australia
| | - Alex Cavallaro
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Mawson Institute, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471 Adelaide, SA
5001, Australia
| | - Bahman Delalat
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Mawson Institute, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471 Adelaide, SA
5001, Australia
| | - Frances J Harding
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Mawson Institute, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471 Adelaide, SA
5001, Australia
| | - Steven JP McInnes
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Mawson Institute, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471 Adelaide, SA
5001, Australia
| | - Ermei Mäkilä
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, Turku FI-20014,
Finland
| | - Jarno Salonen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, Turku FI-20014,
Finland
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Mawson Institute, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471 Adelaide, SA
5001, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Mawson Institute, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471 Adelaide, SA
5001, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kafshgari MH, Mansouri M, Khorram M, Kashani SR. Kinetic modeling: a predictive tool for the adsorption of zinc ions onto calcium alginate beads. Int J Ind Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1186/2228-5547-4-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The main purpose of this study is to develop a nonlinear model of a batch adsorption and to evaluate the model's capability in the prediction of experimental adsorption data. Additionally, results of the nonlinear model were compared with data of pseudo first- and second-order models. Experimental data were extracted from the adsorption of zinc ions using calcium alginate beads prepared via electrospray method. In order to study the effects of biosorbent porosity and the initial concentration of the zinc solution on adsorption kinetics, calcium alginate beads were prepared with two different porosities and zinc concentrations.
Results
The results revealed that the nonlinear model offers a much more accurate prediction compared with other models as the average root mean square deviation of the nonlinear model was calculated to be only 2.66%, which was smaller at least four times than that of others. Furthermore, the nonlinear model showed that diffusive transport through beads was limited by pore diffusion.
Conclusions
The nonlinear model provided a good fit to the experimental data as the calculated equilibrium adsorptions were shown to be in good agreement with their experimental counterparts.
Collapse
|
19
|
Kafshgari MH, Mansouri M, Khorram M, Samimi A, Osfouri S. Bovine Serum Albumin-Loaded Chitosan Particles: An Evaluation of Effective Parameters on Fabrication, Characteristics, and in Vitro Release in the Presence of Non-Covalent Interactions. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2011.617334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|