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Shahzad K, Khan MN, Jabeen F, Kosour N, Chaudhry AS, Sohail M. Retraction Note: Evaluating toxicity of copper(II) oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) through waterborne exposure to tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) by tissue accumulation, oxidative stress, histopathology, and genotoxicity. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:19023. [PMID: 38351358 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32453-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Khurram Shahzad
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | | | - Farhat Jabeen
- Department of Zoology, GC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nasreen Kosour
- Fisheries Research and Training Institute, Govt. of Punjab, Manawan, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Sohail
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Khan MN, Khan M, Jan MN. Eco-friendly approach for the determination of moxifloxacin in pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids based on fluorescence quenching of l-tryptophan. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4664. [PMID: 38155426 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
A rapid, novel and cost-effective spectrofluorimetric method developed to determine moxifloxacin (MFX) in pharmaceutical preparations because MFX in a pH 10 medium could reduce the fluorescence intensity of l-tryptophan. The maximum fluorescence excitation and emission wavelengths were found to be 280 and 363 nm respectively. A range of factors affecting fluorescence quenching and the effect of co-existing substances were investigated. Fluorescence quenching values (ΔF = FL-tryptophan - FMoxi-L-tryptophan ) displayed a strong linear relationship with the MFX concentration ranging from 0.2 to 8.0 μg/ml under optimum conditions. The limit of detection was found to be 6.1 × 10-4 μg/ml. The proposed method was shown to be suitable for MFX determination in pharmaceutical tablets and biological fluids by the linearity, recovery and limit of detection. The spectrofluorimetric approach that has been developed is extremely eco-friendly, as evidenced by the fact that all the experimental components and solvents were safe for the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mashal Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Charsadda, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Noman Jan
- Department of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Charsadda, Pakistan
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Khan MN, Kazmi SQW. Ecofriendly Approach for the Determination of Selected Aldehydes by Fluorescence Quenching of L-Tryptophan. J Fluoresc 2023:10.1007/s10895-023-03456-0. [PMID: 37792123 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03456-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
It is a fluorescence-based study to examine the interaction between L-tryptophan and a selection of aldehydes, namely furfural (furan-2-carbaldehyde), 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde, salicylaldehyde (2-hydroxybenzaldehyde), 3-nitrobenzaldehyde, and 4-bromobenzaldehyde. The investigation took place in an aqueous environment, revealing that all five aldehydes induced quenching of the fluorescence intensity of L-tryptophan. By employing the Stern-Volmer equation to describe the quenching process, we constructed Stern-Volmer plots and derived Stern-Volmer constants. These constants (KSV) ranged from 2.87 × 104 mol L- 1 to 5.75 × 104 mol L- 1. Notably, the values of the Stern-Volmer constants varied among the different aldehydes, with the following order: 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde(3-HBA) > 4-bromobenzaldehyde (4-BBA) > 3-nitrobenzaldehyde > furan-2-carbaldehyde > salicylaldehyde. Consequently, our findings highlighted 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde as the most potent quencher, while 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde displayed the least sensitivity to quenching. Additionally, we determined the detection and quantification limits for the investigated aldehydes, resulting in ranges of 3.87 × 10- 12 to 8.25 × 10- 6 and 1.29 × 10- 11 to 2.75 × 10- 5, respectively. This research paves the way for the development of novel fluorescence probe-based sensors and offers valuable techniques for analyzing aldehydes within environmental and biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naeem Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
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Concepcion FA, Ekstrom NA, Khan MN, Estes OO, Poolos NP. Progressive Dysregulation of Tau Phosphorylation in an Animal Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Neuroscience 2023; 522:42-56. [PMID: 37142182 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Tau is an intracellular protein known to undergo hyperphosphorylation and subsequent neuro-toxic aggregation in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, tau expression and phosphorylation at three canonical loci known to be hyperphosphorylated in AD (S202/T205, T181, and T231) were studied in the rat pilocarpine status epilepticus (SE) model of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). We measured tau expression at two time points of chronic epilepsy: two months and four months post-SE. Both time points parallel human TLE of at least several years. In the whole hippocampal formation at two months post-SE, we observed modestly reduced total tau levels compared to naïve controls, but no significant reduction of S202/T205 phosphorylation levels. In the whole hippocampal formation from four month post-SE rats, total tau expression had reverted to normal, but there was a significant reduction in S202/T205 tau phosphorylation levels that was also seen in CA1 and CA3. No change in phosphorylation was seen at the T181 and T231 tau loci. In somatosensory cortex, outside of the seizure onset zone, no changes in tau expression or phosphorylation were seen at the later time point. We conclude that total tau expression and phosphorylation in an animal model of TLE studied do not show hyperphosphorylation at the three AD canonical tau loci. Instead, the S202/T205 locus showed progressive dephosphorylation. This suggests that changes in tau expression may play a different role in epilepsy than in AD. Further study is needed to understand how these changes in tau may impact neuronal excitability in chronic epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Concepcion
- Department of Neurology and Regional Epilepsy Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - N A Ekstrom
- Department of Neurology and Regional Epilepsy Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - M N Khan
- Department of Neurology and Regional Epilepsy Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - O O Estes
- Department of Neurology and Regional Epilepsy Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - N P Poolos
- Department of Neurology and Regional Epilepsy Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
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Hussain NU, Khan MN. Efficacy Of Sub-Tenon's Block In Paediatric Strabismus Surgery In Terms Of Reduction In Oculocardiac Reflex. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2023; 35:3-6. [PMID: 36849367 DOI: 10.55519/jamc-01-11512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Strabismus is a common disease entity in paediatric age group usually requiring surgical intervention under general anaesthesia and Oculocardiac reflex is the most dangerous complications intraoperatively. Various anaesthetic options have been evaluated to mitigate this complication. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of sub-tenon's block in paediatric strabismus surgery in terms of reduction in oculocardiac reflex. Methods This prospective Randomized control trial was conducted at Department of ophthalmology, MTI, Hayatabad Medical complex, Peshawar over a period of six months from 1st July to 31st December 2021. A total of 124, were equally divided in subtenon's group (Group A) and placebo group (Group B). Intraoperatively, patients were assessed for Bradycardia and development of OCR. Data including demographics, intraoperative BP, HR and OCR development were noted and analysed with SPSS version 22. Results The total number of patients were 124, 62 in each group with a mean age of 9.45±1.61. Sixty-six (53.22%) patients were males and 58 (46.87%) patients were females. At 10-, 20- and 30-minutes interval, the SBP and DBP has no significant difference. At 10, 20, 30 minutes interval, the HR differed significantly (79.33±7.36 vs 66.65±6.83 (p˂0.05), 79.78±7.63 vs 66.57±7.06 (p˂0.05), 79.80±7.78 vs 66.52±7.01 (p˂0.05), respectively. Intraoperative OCR was recorded in 13 (21%) patients in sub-tenon's (Group A) versus 56 (90.30%) patients in placebo (Group B) with statistically significant difference between the two (p<0.05). Conclusion Sub-tenon's injection of bupivacaine reduces the incidence of Bradycardia and OCR in squint surgery patients after general anaesthesia induction and usage is recommended in routine.
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Shah SSH, Azhar M, Nadeem F, Ali MA, Khan MN, Ahmad I, Khurshid MY, Hasnain M, Ali Z, Shaheen AAAA. Enhancements in yield, agronomic, and zinc recovery efficiencies of rice-wheat system through bioactive zinc coated urea application in Aridisols. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282615. [PMID: 36893144 PMCID: PMC9997952 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zinc (Zn) deficiency and source-dependent Zn fertilization to achieve optimum Zn levels in rice and wheat grains remain global concern for human nutrition, especially in developing countries. To-date, little is known about the effectiveness of bioactive Zn-coated urea (BAZU) to enhance the concentration, uptake, and recovery of Zn in relation to agronomic efficiency in paddy and wheat grains. RESULTS Field experiments were carried out during 2020-21 on the rice-wheat system at Lahore, Faisalabad, Sahiwal, and Multan, Punjab, Pakistan using four treatments viz.T1 (Urea 46% N @ 185 kg ha-1 + zero Zn), T2 (Urea 46% N @ 185 kg ha-1 + ZnSO4 33% Zn @ 15 kg ha-1), T3 (BAZU 42% N @ 103 kg ha-1 + Urea 46% N @ 62 kg ha-1 + 1% bioactive Zn @ 1.03 kg ha-1) and T4 (BAZU 42% N @ 125 kg ha-1 + Urea 46% N @ 62 kg ha-1 + 1% bioactive Zn @ 1.25 kg ha-1) in quadruplicate under Randomized Complete Block Design. Paddy yield was increased by 13, 11, 12, and 11% whereas wheat grain yield was enhanced by 12, 11, 11, and 10% under T4 at Multan, Faisalabad, Sahiwal, and Lahore, respectively, compared to T1. Similarly, paddy Zn concentration was increased by 58, 67, 65 and 77% (32.4, 30.7, 31.1, and 34.1 mg kg-1) in rice whereas grain Zn concentration was increased by 90, 87, 96 and 97% (46.2, 43.9, 46.7 and 44.9 mg kg-1) in wheat by the application of BAZU (T4) at Multan, Faisalabad, Sahiwal, and Lahore, respectively, in comparison to T1. Zinc recovery was about 9-fold and 11-fold higher in paddy and wheat grains, respectively, under BAZU (T4) treatment relative to T2 while, the agronomic efficiency was enhanced up to 130% and 141% in rice and wheat respectively as compared to T2. CONCLUSION Thus, T4 application at the rate of 125 kg ha-1 could prove effective in enhancing the rice paddy and wheat grain yield along with their Zn biofortification (∼34 mg kg-1 and ∼47 mg kg-1, respectively) through increased agronomic and Zn recovery efficiencies, the underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms of which can be further explored in future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Azhar
- Department of Agronomy, Engro Fertilizers Ltd., Lahore, Pakistan
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Faisal Nadeem
- Department of Soil Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Naeem Khan
- Directorate General Soil Survey of Punjab, Agriculture Department, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Ahmad
- Department of Agronomy, Engro Fertilizers Ltd., Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Hasnain
- Department of Agronomy, Engro Fertilizers Ltd., Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Ali
- Department of Agronomy, Engro Fertilizers Ltd., Lahore, Pakistan
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Hassan S, Naeem M, Nasir MF, Riaz P, Khan MN, Atiq I. Molecular based identification and phylogenetic relationship by using cytochrome b gene of Pangasius pangasius. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 84:e268001. [PMID: 36541960 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.268001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular appraoch for identification of unknown species by using Cytochrome b gene is an effective and reliable as compared with morphological based identification. For DNA barcoding universal molecular genes were used to identify the species. Cytochrome b is a specific gene used for identification purpose. DNA barcoding is a reliable and effective method compared to the different traditional morphological methods of specie identification. So,in the present study which was conducted to identify the species, a total of 50 fish samples were collected from five different sites. DNA was extracted by using the Phenol Chloroform method from muscle tissue. Five sequences were sequenced (one from each site), analyzed, and identified specific species as Pangasius pangasius. Identified sequences were variable in length from 369 bp (Site 1), 364 bp (Site 2), 364 bp (Site 3), 352 bp (Site 4), and 334 bp (Site 5). Identity matches on the NCBI database confirmed the specific specie as P. pangasius. A distancing tree was drawn to show maximum likelihood among the same and different species. Yet, in many cases fishes on diverse development stages are difficult to identify by morphological characters. DNA-based identification methods offer an analytically powerful addition or even an alternative tool for species identification and phylogenetic study. This work intends to provide an updated and extensive overview on the DNA based methods for fish species identification by using Cytochrome b gene as targeted markers for identification purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hassan
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Institute of Zoology, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M Naeem
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Institute of Zoology, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M Farhan Nasir
- University of Education, Department of Zoology, Division of Science & Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - P Riaz
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Institute of Zoology, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M N Khan
- University of Jhang, Department of Zoology, Jhang, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - I Atiq
- Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
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Candler E, Naeem Khan M, Gratrix J, Plitt S, Stadnyk M, Smyczek P, Anderson N, Carter J, Sayers S, Smith D, Ugarte-Torres A, Shukalek C, Singh AE. Retrospective audit of a convenience cohort of individuals on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in Alberta, Canada. J Assoc Med Microbiol Infect Dis Can 2022; 7:350-363. [PMID: 37397818 PMCID: PMC10312220 DOI: 10.3138/jammi-2022-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We undertook an audit of a province-wide HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) program in Alberta (Canada). METHODS A retrospective record review of individuals accessing PrEP in Alberta included demographics, PrEP indication(s), and reported non-prescription drug and alcohol use from March 2016 to June 2019. Hepatitis A, B, C, HIV and syphilis serology, serum creatinine, and nucleic acid amplification tests testing for chlamydia and gonorrhea were collected. Descriptive statistics, incidence, and prevalence were calculated. RESULTS A total of 511 participants were seen at STI, sexual, and reproductive health clinics and private family practitioner (FP) offices; 98.4% (503) were men, median age was 34 years (IQR 28-43 years), and 89.8% (459) were gay or bisexual men who have sex with men. Non-prescription drug use was reported by 39.3% (201) and alcohol use by 55.4% (283). 94.3% (482) reported condomless anal sex in the past 6 months. Testing rates were high (>95%) for all tests except for chlamydia and gonorrhea at the first follow-up visit 89.6%; (3-4 months). There was one HIV seroconversion. The incidence of new bacterial STIs was high: chlamydia 17 cases per 100 person-years (95% CI 13.5% to 21.4%), gonorrhea 11.14 cases per 100 person-years (95% CI 8.3% to 15.0%), and syphilis 1.94 cases per 100 person-years (95% CI 0.73% to 5.12%). CONCLUSIONS Following implementation of a provincial program for PrEP in Alberta, PrEP initiation and continuation was feasible in a range of settings and by both specialists and FPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Candler
- STI Services, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Muhammad Naeem Khan
- Health Protection Communicable Disease Control, Population, Public and Indigenous Health, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jennifer Gratrix
- STI Services, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sabrina Plitt
- Centre for Communicable Disease and Infection Control, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Stadnyk
- STI Services, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Petra Smyczek
- STI Services, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Natalie Anderson
- Sexual and Reproductive Health Clinics, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Julia Carter
- Sexual and Reproductive Health Clinics, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Donna Smith
- Red Deer Sexual Health Clinic, Red Deer, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alejandra Ugarte-Torres
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Caley Shukalek
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Khan MN, Zaman N, Mursaleen M, Naz F, Ullah Z. Eco-friendly approach for determination of moxifloxacin in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids through fluorescence quenching of eosin Y. ANAL SCI 2022; 38:1541-1547. [PMID: 36198989 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-022-00192-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An easy, verified spectrofluorimetric approach was established for the investigation of moxifloxacin in pure forms, pharmaceutical preparations, and biological fluids. The approach involves forming a binary complex of moxifloxacin and eosin Y in an acetate buffer with a pH of 3.6. The highest quenching of eosin Y with moxifloxacin occurs at 545 nm. Several factors, such as pH, buffer type and concentration, and eosin Y concentration, were carefully studied. The calibration graph showed a linear relationship between fluorescence intensity and moxifloxacin concentrations between 0.2 and 10 µg mL-1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.998. It was determined that the detection and quantification limits were 0.0322 µg mL-1 and 0.0976 µg mL-1, respectively. The impact of common excipients was investigated, but no interferences were discovered. Standard forms of moxifloxacin, pharmaceuticals, and biological samples have all been studied using the established methodology. The method, which successfully complied with ICH requirements, was used for the analysis of moxifloxacin in its pure form, pharmaceutical dosage forms, and biological samples. The percentage recoveries obtained were ranged from 99.50 to 102.50% for pharmaceutical preparations and from 100.50 to 102.50% for human blood plasma and urine. Proposed mechanisms for the reaction between moxifloxacin and eosin Y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naeem Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Noor Zaman
- Department of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Charsadda, 24420, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mursaleen
- Department of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Charsadda, 24420, Pakistan
| | - Falak Naz
- Department of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Charsadda, 24420, Pakistan
| | - Zafran Ullah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia
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Khattak S, Idrees M, Iqbal HI, Khan M, Assad N, Khan MN, Yousaf MT, Farooq M, Yang CY, Wu DD, Ji XY. Assessment of Attitudes and Intentions towards COVID-19 Vaccines and Associated Factors among General Populations of Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1583. [PMID: 36298447 PMCID: PMC9609017 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of public health in combatting COVID-19 is to increase herd immunity. However, vaccine reluctance makes attaining herd immunity a worldwide challenge. This investigation aimed to identify negative and positive attitudes and intentions about COVID-19 vaccinations. METHODS A cross-sectional online survey was conducted once free COVID-19 vaccines became available in Pakistan in 2021. 4392 Pakistanis aged 18 and older were surveyed from seven administrative units between 1 July and 30 August 2021. Online structured questionnaires were utilized to collect data using a simple sampling procedure. The questionnaires were divided into three major sections: sociodemographic, health factors, and attitudes toward COVID-19. RESULTS The survey link was shared with approximately 4500 participants. 97.6%(4392) completed the survey once begun. Frequency, percentage and Chi-square tests were used to analyze statistical data. Most of the participants in the research were men (2703 (61.54%)), 3277 (74.61%) were aged 18-29 years, and 1824 (41.53%) were residents of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. (18.69%) Respondents expressed COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, whereas 36.66% of participants liked getting the Sinopharm and Sinovac vaccines and (35.84%) of participants preferred the Pfizer vaccine. A significant number of participants (38.05%) were concerned about the vaccine's unexpected side effects Thus, it is essential to realize that many participants were concerned about the vaccine's unexpected side effects. CONCLUSIONS The overall high level of concern about the unforeseen side effects of COVID-19 vaccines, as well as widespread vaccine hesitancy among Pakistani populations and its predictors, should be taken into account if public health intervention campaigns in Pakistan are changing negative attitudes and improving compliance with regard to COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saadullah Khattak
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- Primary and Secondary Health Care Department, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Hafiza Iqra Iqbal
- Primary and Secondary Health Care Department, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Maqbool Khan
- Sino-Pak Center for Artificial Intelligence, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Assad
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Khan
- School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Muhammad Tufail Yousaf
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29111, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Department of Microbiology, University of Swabi, Swabi 23430, Pakistan
| | - Chang-Yong Yang
- School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Dong-Dong Wu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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Khan MN. Effect of zinc and boron on the growth and yield of chilli under the agro climatic condition of Swat. PAB 2022. [DOI: 10.19045/bspab.2022.110084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Dowel FA, Ruma RA, Nadiruzzaman M, Rima SZ, Chakraborty RK, Khan MN. A Deadly Herbicide 'Paraquat Poisoning' and Miserable Death of a 19 Years Boy. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:869-871. [PMID: 35780376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Poisoning by paraquat herbicide now a days is a major medical problem in many parts of Asia as well as in Bangladesh. Already it has been banned in the European Union and some other countries for several years. Paraquat is highly toxic if ingested, with clinical features including oral burns, sore throat, vomiting and diarrhoea, progressing to pneumonitis, pulmonary fibrosis and multi-organ failure. Recently we dealt with many cases of paraquat poisoning in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital and here we report one case. A 19 years old student intentionally ingested 10 ml of paraquat herbicide and presented with multi organ failure. His renal function was supported with 4 session's hemodialysis and regain normal renal function. But he also developed Acute Lung Injury (ALI) and liver dysfunction, was supported with ionotropic and invasive ventilation and couldn't save. On 14th day of poisoning he died.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Dowel
- Dr Fahima Akter Dowel, Assistant Professor & SMO, INMAS, Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Habib MK, Khan MN, Sadiq A, Iqbal Q, Raziq A, Ahmad N, Iqbal Z, Haider S, Anwar M, Khilji FUR, Saleem F, Khan AH. Medication Errors and Type 2 Diabetes Management: A Qualitative Exploration of Physicians' Perceptions, Experiences and Expectations From Quetta City, Pakistan. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:846530. [PMID: 35419370 PMCID: PMC8995793 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.846530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 Diabetes-related medication errors are frequently reported from the hospitals and consequently are of major concern. However, such reports are insufficient when developing healthcare settings are pursued in literature. Keeping this inadequacy in mind, we therefore aimed to explore physicians' perceptions, experiences and expectations of medication errors when managing patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Methods A qualitative design was adopted. By using a semi-structured interview guide through the phenomenology-based approach, in-depth, face-to-face interviews were conducted. Physicians practicing at the medicine ward of Sandeman Provincial Hospital, Quetta, were purposively approached for the study. All interviews were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim, and were then analyzed for thematic contents by the standard content analysis framework. Results Although the saturation was reached at the 13th interview, we conducted additional two interviews to ensure the saturation. Fifteen physicians were interviewed, and thematic content analysis revealed six themes and nine subthemes. Mixed conceptualization and characterization of medication errors were identified. Medication errors were encountered by all physicians however poor understanding of the system, deficiency of logistics and materials were rated as barriers in reporting medication errors. Among contributors of medication errors, physicians themselves as well as dispensing and patient-related factors were identified. Physicians suggested targeted training sessions on medication error-related guidelines and reporting system. Parallel, establishment of an independent unit, involving the pharmacists, and strict supervision of paramedics to minimize medication errors was also acknowledged during data analysis. Conclusion With a longer life expectancy and a trend of growing population, the incidences of medication errors are also expected to increase. Our study highlighted prescribing, dispensing and administration phases as contributing factors of medication errors. Although, physicians had poor understanding of medication errors and reporting system, they believed getting insights on guidelines and reporting system is essential. A review of admission and discharge reconciliation must be prioritized and a culture of teamwork, communication and learning from mistakes is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Naeem Khan
- Post Graduate Medical Institute, Bolan Medical Complex Hospital, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Biochemistry, Jhalawan Medical College Khuzdar, Khuzdar, Pakistan
| | - Qaiser Iqbal
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, University of Baluchistan, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Raziq
- Department of Statistics, University of Baluchistan, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Nafees Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, University of Baluchistan, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Zaffar Iqbal
- Health Department, Government of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Haider
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, University of Baluchistan, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Anwar
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, University of Baluchistan, Quetta, Pakistan
| | | | - Fahad Saleem
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, University of Baluchistan, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Amer Hayat Khan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Malaysia
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14
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Sherzada S, Khan MN, Babar ME. Genetic Structure Analysis of Freshwater Fish Cirrhinus mrigala by Mitochondrial COI Gene. PAK J ZOOL 2022. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/20200319120326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Khan MN, Irum, Gul S, Muslima, Mursaleen M. Micellar-Enhanced Spectrofluorimetric Method for Quantification of Diclofenac Potassium in Pure Form, in Pharmaceutical Preparations and Human Plasma. TENSIDE SURFACT DET 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/tsd-2020-2290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A rapid, simple and economical spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of diclofenac potassium in pure form, in pharmaceutical preparations and in human plasma has been developed. The method is based on the enhancement of the fluorescence signal of diclofenac potassium by the addition of sodium dodecyl sulphate in McIvaine buffer with a pH of 5. Different experimental conditions such as buffer type, pH, type and concentration of surfactants were investigated. The fluorescence intensity of the solution was recorded at 361 nm after excitation at 243 nm. The method shows linearity in the concentration range of 0.2 μg mL–1–10 μg mL–1 with a good correlation coefficient of 0.997. The relative standard deviation value was 3.62 (n = 7). The limit of detection and limit of quantification were calculated to be 2.84 × 10–3 μg mL–1 and 9.47 × 10–3 μg mL-1, respectively. The effect of excipients and co-administrated drugs was investigated and no interference was observed. The method was successfully applied for the determination of diclofenac potassium in pure form, in pharmaceutical products and in human plasma. The percentage recoveries obtained ranged from 100.25% to 102.16% for pure form and 97.50% to 102.00% for pharmaceutical products and from 98.50% to 101.67% for human plasma.
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16
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Ashraf MA, Khan MN, Chohan SR, Khan M, Rafique W, Farid MF, Khan AU. Social Media Improves Students' Academic Performance: Exploring the Role of Social Media Adoption in the Open Learning Environment among International Medical Students in China. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9101272. [PMID: 34682952 PMCID: PMC8535783 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9101272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have examined the role of social media as an open-learning (OL) tool in the field of education, but the empirical evidence necessary to validate such OL tools is scant, specifically in terms of student academic performance (AP). In today’s digital age, social media platforms are most popular among the student community, and they provide opportunities for OL where they can easily communicate, interact, and collaborate with each other. The authors of this study aimed to minimize the literature gap among student communities who adopt social media for OL, which has positive impacts on their AP in Chinese higher education. We adopted social constructivism theory (SCT) and the technology acceptance model (TAM) to formulate a conceptual framework. Primary data containing 233 questionnaires of international medical students in China were collected in January 2021 through the survey method. The gathered data were analyzed through structural equation modeling techniques with SmartPLS 3. The results revealed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and interactions with peers have positive and significant influence on OL. In addition, OL was found to have positive and significant influence on students’ AP and engagement. Lastly, engagement showed a positive impact on students’ AP. Thus, this study shows that social media serves as a dynamic tool to expedite the development of OL settings by encouraging collaboration, group discussion, and the exchange of ideas between students that reinforce their learning behavior and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azeem Ashraf
- Research Institute of Educational Science, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;
| | - Muhammad Naeem Khan
- School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - Sohail Raza Chohan
- School of Information Management, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; (S.R.C.); (A.U.K.)
- Department of Information Sciences, University of Education, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Maqbool Khan
- Department of IT and Computer Science, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Haripur 22621, Pakistan;
| | - Wajid Rafique
- Department of Computer Science and Operational Research, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada;
| | - Muhammad Fahad Farid
- School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Asad Ullah Khan
- School of Information Management, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; (S.R.C.); (A.U.K.)
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17
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Siddiqui MH, Khan MN, Mukherjee S, Basahi RA, Alamri S, Al-Amri AA, Alsubaie QD, Ali HM, Al-Munqedhi BMA, Almohisen IAA. Exogenous melatonin-mediated regulation of K + /Na + transport, H + -ATPase activity and enzymatic antioxidative defence operate through endogenous hydrogen sulphide signalling in NaCl-stressed tomato seedling roots. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2021; 23:797-805. [PMID: 34263973 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (Mel) and hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) have emerged as potential regulators of plant metabolism during abiotic stress. Presence of excess NaCl in the soil is one of the main causes of reduced crop productivity worldwide. The present investigation examines the role of exogenous Mel and endogenous H2 S in tomato seedlings grown under NaCl stress. Effect of 30 µm Mel on endogenous synthesis of H2 S was examined in roots of NaCl-stressed (200 mm) tomato seedlings. Also, the impact of treatments on the oxidative stress markers, transport of K+ and Na+ , and activity of H+ -ATPase and antioxidant enzymes was assessed. Results show that NaCl-stressed seedlings supplemented with 30 µm Mel had increased levels of endogenous H2 S through enhanced L-cysteine desulfhydrase activity. Mel in association with H2 S overcame the deleterious effect of NaCl and induced retention of K+ that maintained a higher K+ /Na+ ratio. Use of plasma membrane inhibitors and an H2 S scavenger revealed that Mel-induced regulation of K+ /Na+ homeostasis in NaCl-stressed seedling roots operates through endogenous H2 S signalling. Synergistic effects of Mel and H2 S also reduced the generation of ROS and oxidative destruction through the enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes. Thus, it is suggested that the protective function of Mel against NaCl stress operates through an endogenous H2 S-dependent pathway, wherein H+ -ATPase-energized secondary active transport regulates K+ /Na+ homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M N Khan
- Department of Biology, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur College, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - R A Basahi
- Department of Biology, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Alamri
- Department of Biology, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Al-Amri
- Department of Biology, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Q D Alsubaie
- Department of Biology, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - H M Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - B M A Al-Munqedhi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - I A A Almohisen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Haq SAU, Mir MA, Lone SM, Banoo A, Shafi F, Mir SA, Bhat JIA, Rashid R, Wani SH, Masoodi TH, Khan MN, Nehvi FA, Masoodi KZ. Explicating genetic diversity based on ITS characterization and determination of antioxidant potential in sea buckthorn (Hippophae spp.). Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:5229-5240. [PMID: 34387804 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06619-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sea buckthorn (Hippophae) is in the focus of interest mainly for its positive effects on health of both human and animal organisms. Due to the similarities in vegetative morphology, Hippophae species are often misidentified. Therefore, current study was focused on ITS based sequence characterization of sea buckthorn species and comparative biochemical evaluation for its antioxidant properties. METHODS AND RESULTS DNA was extracted from leaf samples. Primer pairs K-Lab-SeaBukRhm-ITS1F1- K-Lab-SeaBukRhm-ITS1R1 and K-LabSeaBukTib- ITSF1- K-LabSeaBukTib-ITSR1 were used for PCR amplification. The purified PCR products were outsourced for sequencing. Phylogenetic tree was constructed based on neighbor-joining (NJ) method. Moreover, comparison of antioxidant potential of leaves of two sea buckthorn species (Hippophae rhamnoides and Hippophae tibetana) collected from different regions of Ladakh viz., Stakna, Nubra, DRDO Leh and Zanskar was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis (3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), and Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) by phosphomolybdenum assays. The present investigation led to the differentiation of two sea buckthorn species viz., H. rhamnoides and H. tibetana based on Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region. Moreover, significant variation was observed in antioxidant potential of leaf extracts collected from different regions. CONCLUSIONS Primary ITS sequence analysis was found to be powerful tool for identification and genetic diversity studies in sea buckthorn. Leaves of sea buckthorn have pronounced antioxidant properties and can be used in food, neutraceuticals and pharmaceutical industries etc. The current study will pave the way to discover small bioactive molecules responsible for antioxidant and anticancer properties in sea buckthorn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Anam Ul Haq
- Transcriptomics Lab (K-Lab), Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India
| | - Mudasir A Mir
- Transcriptomics Lab (K-Lab), Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India
| | - Sameena M Lone
- Division of Vegetable Science, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India
| | - Aqleema Banoo
- Division of Plant Pathology, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India
| | - Fauzia Shafi
- Division of Basic Sciences and Humanities, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India
| | - Shakeel A Mir
- Division of Agricultural Statistics, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India
| | - Javeed I A Bhat
- Division of Environmental Sciences, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India
| | - Rizwan Rashid
- Division of Vegetable Science, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India
| | - Shabir H Wani
- Mountain Research Center for Field Crops, Khudwani,, SKUAST-K, Anantnag, J&K, 192102, India
| | - T H Masoodi
- Faculty of Forestry, Benihama-SKUAST-K, Ganderbal, J&K, 191201, India
| | - M N Khan
- Transcriptomics Lab (K-Lab), Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India
| | - Firdous A Nehvi
- Transcriptomics Lab (K-Lab), Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India
| | - Khalid Z Masoodi
- Transcriptomics Lab (K-Lab), Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India.
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19
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Khan MN, Ashraf MA, Seinen D, Khan KU, Laar RA. Social Media for Knowledge Acquisition and Dissemination: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Collaborative Learning Driven Social Media Adoption. Front Psychol 2021; 12:648253. [PMID: 34135814 PMCID: PMC8200539 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.648253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 outbreak, educational institutions were closed, and students worldwide were confined to their homes. In an educational environment, students depend on collaborative learning (CL) to improve their learning performance. This study aimed to increase the understanding of social media adoption among students during the COVID-19 pandemic for the purpose of CL. Social media provides a learning platform that enables students to easily communicate with their peers and subject specialists, and is conducive to students' CL. This study addresses the key concept of CL during the COVID-19 pandemic by assessing social media use among students in higher education. The relationship between social media use and students' performance is crucial to understanding the role of social media during a pandemic. This study is based on constructivism theory and the technology acceptance model. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the conceptual model using SmartPLS. The research findings indicate that social media plays an important role during the pandemic because it provides opportunities for students to enhance CL under the aforementioned situations. This study makes noteworthy theoretical and practical contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Donald Seinen
- School of Information Management, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kashif Ullah Khan
- School of Management Sciences, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Ahmed Laar
- School of Sports Science and Physical Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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20
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Horvath B, Khan MN, Hezso T, Dienes C, Kovacs Z, Kiss D, Prorok J, Arpadffy-Lovas T, Varga R, Fujii E, Topal L, Kistamas K, Varro A, Virag L. Is selective late sodium current inhibition different from class I/B antiarrhythmic action? Comparison of the effects of GS967 to mexiletine in canine ventricular myocardium. Europace 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euab116.571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – EU funding. Main funding source(s): National Research, Development and Innovation Office New National Excellence Programme
Enhancement of the late Na+ current (INa,late) increases arrhythmia propensity in the heart, while suppression of the current is antiarrhythmic. GS-458967 (GS) is an agent considered to be a selective blocker of INa,late. In the present study, effects of GS967 on INa,late, on L-type calcium current (ICaL), and on action potential (AP) morphology were studied in canine ventricular myocytes by using conventional voltage clamp, action potential voltage clamp and sharp microelectrode techniques. These effects of GS were compared to tetrodotoxin (TTX) and to the class I/B antiarrhythmic compound mexiletine.
GS (1 μM), mexiletine (40 μM) and TTX (10 μM) dissected largely similarly shaped inward currents under action potential voltage clamp conditions. In case of GS and mexiletine, the amplitude and integral of this inward current was significantly smaller when measured in the presence of 1 μM nisoldipine, while no difference was observed in case of TTX. Under conventional voltage clamp conditions, INa,late was significantly reduced by 1 μM GS and 40 μM mexiletine (about 79% and 63% reduction of current integrals, respectively). The integral of ICa,L was moderately but significantly decreased by both drugs (reduction of 9% and 14%, respectively). These changes were associated with a faster inactivation of ICa,L.
Drug effects on early Na+ current (INa,early) were assessed by analyzing the maximal rate of depolarization (V + max) in multicellular preparations. Both GS and mexiletine showed fast onset and offset kinetics: 110 ms and 289 ms offset time constants, respectively, as determined from V + max measurements in right ventricular papillary muscles, while the onset kinetics was characterized by 5.3 AP and 2.6 AP lengths, respectively, at 2.5 Hz.
Effects on beat-to-beat variability of AP duration (APD) was studied in isolated myocytes. Short-term variability was significantly decreased by both GS and mexiletine (average reduction of 42% and 24%, respectively) while they caused similar shortening of the APD.
The electrophysiological effects of GS are similar to those of mexiletine, but with a somewhat faster offset kinetics of V + max block. However, since GS reduced V+ max and INa,late in the same concentration, the currently accepted view that GS that selectively blocks INa,late has to be questioned and it is suggested that GS should be classified as a class I/B (or I/B + IV) antiarrhythmic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Horvath
- University of Debrecen, Department of Physiology, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - MN Khan
- University of Szeged, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Szeged, Hungary
| | - T Hezso
- University of Debrecen, Department of Physiology, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - C Dienes
- University of Debrecen, Department of Physiology, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Z Kovacs
- University of Debrecen, Department of Physiology, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - D Kiss
- University of Debrecen, Department of Physiology, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - J Prorok
- University of Szeged, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Szeged, Hungary
| | - T Arpadffy-Lovas
- University of Szeged, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Szeged, Hungary
| | - R Varga
- University of Szeged, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Szeged, Hungary
| | - E Fujii
- University of Debrecen, Department of Physiology, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - L Topal
- University of Szeged, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Szeged, Hungary
| | - K Kistamas
- University of Debrecen, Department of Physiology, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - A Varro
- University of Szeged, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Szeged, Hungary
| | - L Virag
- University of Szeged, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Szeged, Hungary
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21
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Kanwal A, Sajjad S, Leghari SAK, Khan MN. Strong interfacial charge transfer between hausmannite manganese oxide and alumina for efficient photocatalysis. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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22
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Imran M, Jan H, Faisal S, Ali Shah S, Shah S, Naeem Khan M, Taj Akbar M, Rizwan M, Jan F, Syed S. In vitro examination of anti-parasitic, anti-Alzheimer, insecticidal and cytotoxic potential of Ajuga bracteosa Wallich leaves extracts. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:3031-3036. [PMID: 34025179 PMCID: PMC8117137 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This research study is mainly focused to evaluate the anti-parasitic, insecticidal, cytotoxic and anti-alzheimer potential of various leaf extracts of Ajuga bracteosa Wallich ex Bentham. 04 different extracts were prepared using solvent of different polarity to determine the best candidate for potent bioactivity i.e. n-hexane (NH), Ethyl acetate (EA), Ethanol (EL) and Chloroform (CH). Concentrations of each extracts were made specified for all activities. All extracts were exploited for broad range of biomedical applications including leishmaniasis, in vitro anti-Alzheimer, insecticidal and cytotoxic studies. Our results showed that A. bracteosa n-hexane extract was highly active against Leishmania Tropica with significant inhibition of 58 ± 1.61 for promastigote and 63 ± 2.29 for amastigote at 1000 μg/mL. Furthermore, promising anti-alzheimer activity acetylcholinesterase (AChE) 46 ± 0.83 and butrylcholineterase (BChE) 49 ± 1.17 was noted for n-hexane. The insecticidal potential of these extracts were test against five different insects (Rhyzopertha dominica, Trogoderma granarium, Tribolium castaneum, Sitophilus oryze, and Callosobruchus analis). The higest mortality rate of insecticidal activity was recorded by n-hexane followed by Ethyl acetate whereas ethanol extract was found to be less effective against all the test species. Significant cytotoxic potential of each plant sample against Artemia salina thus aware us for further detailed research to find out novel drugs. Based on our results we believe that Ajuga bracteosa could be used to develop as a potential botanical insecticide against different insect and pests, such as aphids as well as an excellent source for the compound isolation as anti-tumor agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Department of Botany, Government Post Graduate College Charsadda, KPK, Pakistan
- Department of Botany, Islamia College Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Hasnain Jan
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shah Faisal
- Department of Biotechnology, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Ali Shah
- Department of Biotechnology, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Sumaira Shah
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Khan
- Department of Botany, Government Post Graduate College Charsadda, KPK, Pakistan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Agriculture University KPK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Taj Akbar
- Department of Microbiology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology University of Swat, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Faheem Jan
- Programmatic Management of Drug Resistant T.B Unit Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbotabad, Pakistan
| | - Suliman Syed
- Department of Biotechnology, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, KPK, Pakistan
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23
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Concepcion FA, Khan MN, Ju Wang JD, Wei AD, Ojemann JG, Ko AL, Shi Y, Eng JK, Ramirez JM, Poolos NP. HCN Channel Phosphorylation Sites Mapped by Mass Spectrometry in Human Epilepsy Patients and in an Animal Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Neuroscience 2021; 460:13-30. [PMID: 33571596 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Because hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) ion channels modulate the excitability of cortical and hippocampal principal neurons, these channels play a key role in the hyperexcitability that occurs during the development of epilepsy after a brain insult, or epileptogenesis. In epileptic rats generated by pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus, HCN channel activity is downregulated by two main mechanisms: a hyperpolarizing shift in gating and a decrease in amplitude of the current mediated by HCN channels, Ih. Because these mechanisms are modulated by various phosphorylation signaling pathways, we hypothesized that phosphorylation changes occur at individual HCN channel amino acid residues (phosphosites) during epileptogenesis. We collected CA1 hippocampal tissue from male Sprague Dawley rats made epileptic by pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus, and age-matched naïve controls. We also included resected human brain tissue containing epileptogenic zones (EZs) where seizures arise for comparison to our chronically epileptic rats. After enrichment for HCN1 and HCN2 isoforms by immunoprecipitation and trypsin in-gel digestion, the samples were analyzed by mass spectrometry. We identified numerous phosphosites from HCN1 and HCN2 channels, representing a novel survey of phosphorylation sites within HCN channels. We found high levels of HCN channel phosphosite homology between humans and rats. We also identified a novel HCN1 channel phosphosite S791, which underwent significantly increased phosphorylation during the chronic epilepsy stage. Heterologous expression of a phosphomimetic mutant, S791D, replicated a hyperpolarizing shift in Ih gating seen in neurons from chronically epileptic rats. These results show that HCN1 channel phosphorylation is altered in epilepsy and may be of pathogenic importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Concepcion
- Department of Neurology and Regional Epilepsy Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - M N Khan
- Department of Neurology and Regional Epilepsy Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - J-D Ju Wang
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - A D Wei
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - J G Ojemann
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - A L Ko
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Y Shi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - J K Eng
- Proteomics Resource, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - J-M Ramirez
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - N P Poolos
- Department of Neurology and Regional Epilepsy Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
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24
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Rasool N, Ikram HM, Rashid A, Afzal N, Hashmi MA, Khan MN, Khan A, Imran I, Rahman HMA, Shah SAA. Design, synthesis, and spasmolytic activity of thiophene-based derivatives via Suzuki cross-coupling reaction of 5-bromothiophene-2-carboxylic acid: their structural and computational studies. Turk J Chem 2021; 44:1410-1422. [PMID: 33488240 PMCID: PMC7751914 DOI: 10.3906/kim-1911-51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current research work, a facile synthesis of a series of novel thiophene-based derivatives of 5-bromothiophene-2-carboxylic acid ( 1 ) have been synthesized. All analogs ( 5a - 5e , 10a - 10f ) were obtained from the coupling reaction of 5-bromothiophene-2-carboxylic acid ( 1 ) and different arylboronic acids with moderate-to-good yields under controlled and optimal conditions. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were characterized through spectral analysis and their spasmolytic activity, and most of the compounds exhibited potentially good spasmolytic effect. Among the synthesized analogs, compound phenethyl 5-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)thiophene-2-carboxylate ( 10d ) particular showed an excellent spasmolytic effect with an EC 50 value of 1.26. All of the compounds were also studied for their structural and electronic properties by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Through detailed insight into frontier molecular orbitals of the compounds and their different reactivity descriptors, it was found that the compounds 10c and 5c are the most reactive, while 10a is the most stable in the series. Furthermore, compounds 10c and 5c showed a very good NLO response with the highest β values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasir Rasool
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad Pakistan
| | | | - Ammara Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Nazia Afzal
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad Pakistan
| | | | | | - Ayesha Khan
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington New Zealand
| | - Imran Imran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan Pakistan
| | | | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Malaysia.,Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Products Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor, Bandar PuncakAlam, Selangor Malaysia
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25
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Kanji JN, Zelyas N, MacDonald C, Pabbaraju K, Khan MN, Prasad A, Hu J, Diggle M, Berenger BM, Tipples G. False negative rate of COVID-19 PCR testing: a discordant testing analysis. Virol J 2021; 18:13. [PMID: 33422083 PMCID: PMC7794619 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01489-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is diagnosed via detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA using real time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rtRT-PCR). Performance of many SARS-CoV-2 rtRT-PCR assays is not entirely known due to the lack of a gold standard. We sought to evaluate the false negative rate (FNR) and sensitivity of our laboratory-developed SARS-CoV-2 rtRT-PCR targeting the envelope (E) and RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp) genes. METHODS SARS-CoV-2 rtRT-PCR results at the Public Health Laboratory (Alberta, Canada) from January 21 to April 18, 2020 were reviewed to identify patients with an initial negative rtRT-PCR followed by a positive result on repeat testing within 14 days (defined as discordant results). Negative samples from these discordant specimens were re-tested using three alternate rtRT-PCR assays (targeting the E gene and N1/N2 regions of the nucleocapsid genes) to assess for false negative (FN) results. RESULTS During the time period specified, 95,919 patients (100,001 samples) were tested for SARS-CoV-2. Of these, 49 patients were found to have discordant results including 49 positive and 52 negative swabs. Repeat testing of 52 negative swabs found five FNs (from five separate patients). Assuming 100% specificity of the diagnostic assay, the FNR and sensitivity in this group of patients with discordant testing was 9.3% (95% CI 1.5-17.0%) and 90.7% (95% CI 82.6-98.9%) respectively. CONCLUSIONS Studies to understand the FNR of routinely used assays are important to confirm adequate clinical performance. In this study, most FN results were due to low amounts of SARS-CoV-2 virus concentrations in patients with multiple specimens collected during different stages of infection. Post-test clinical evaluation of each patient is advised to ensure that rtRT-PCR results are not the only factor in excluding COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil N Kanji
- Public Health Laboratory, Alberta Precision Laboratories, University of Alberta Hospital, 8440 - 112 Street, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada.
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Room 1NW-29, 16940 - 87 Avenue NW, Edmonton, AB, T5R 4H5, Canada.
| | - Nathan Zelyas
- Public Health Laboratory, Alberta Precision Laboratories, University of Alberta Hospital, 8440 - 112 Street, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, University of Alberta Hospital, 8440 - 112 Street, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Clayton MacDonald
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Vancouver Coastal Health Vancouver General Hospital, 899 W 12th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Kanti Pabbaraju
- Public Health Laboratory, Alberta Precision Laboratories, Foothills Hospital, 1403 - 29 Street NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 2T9, Canada
| | - Muhammad Naeem Khan
- Health Protection and Communicable Disease Control, Public Health, Alberta Health Services, Coronation Plaza, 14310 - 111 Avenue NW, Edmonton, AB, T5M 3Z7, Canada
| | - Abhaya Prasad
- Health Protection and Communicable Disease Control, Public Health, Alberta Health Services, Coronation Plaza, 14310 - 111 Avenue NW, Edmonton, AB, T5M 3Z7, Canada
| | - Jia Hu
- Medical Officer of Health (MOH), Public Health, Alberta Health Services, 1213 - 4 Street SW, Calgary, AB, T2R 0X7, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 1403 - 29 Street NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 2T9, Canada
| | - Mathew Diggle
- Public Health Laboratory, Alberta Precision Laboratories, University of Alberta Hospital, 8440 - 112 Street, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, University of Alberta Hospital, 8440 - 112 Street, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Byron M Berenger
- Public Health Laboratory, Alberta Precision Laboratories, Foothills Hospital, 1403 - 29 Street NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 2T9, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, 3535 Research Road NW, Calgary, AB, T2L 2K8, Canada
| | - Graham Tipples
- Public Health Laboratory, Alberta Precision Laboratories, University of Alberta Hospital, 8440 - 112 Street, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, 8440 - 112 Street, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, 6-010 Katz Group Centre for Pharmacy and Research, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada
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26
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Khan MN, Akhtar P, Ijaz S, Waqas A. Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms Among University Students in Pakistan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Public Health 2021; 8:603357. [PMID: 33490022 PMCID: PMC7820542 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.603357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In Pakistan, almost 30% population is between 15 to 29 years of age, with university enrollment rates of 10-15%. Although there is a growing concern on mental health of university students across the globe, studies from low and middle income countries such as Pakistan are scarce. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence of depressive symptoms among Pakistani university students. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, PsycInfo and Google Scholar were searched between 15 to 30th January 2020. Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, published till 31st December 2019 were included. Data on study characteristics and prevalence of depressive symptoms were extracted. Meta-analysis was conducted using random effects models. To estimate subgroup difference based on study characteristics, meta-regression and sub-group analyses were conducted. Results: In total, 26 studies involving 7,652 participants were included in review. Overall prevalence of depressive symptoms was 42.66% (95% CI: 34.82% to 50.89%), with significant heterogeneity among studies. Subgroup analyses revealed a significant difference in prevalence estimates based on depression screening instrument and study major. Statistically significant differences were observed among studies employing different psychometric scales (test for subgroup differences, Q = 21.92, p < 0.05) and between students from different study majors (test for subgroup differences, Q = 3.76, p = 0.05). Conclusion: Our study found that overall prevalence of depressive symptoms among university students in Pakistan was 42.66%, however, findings should be interpreted with caution. Large scale epidemiological surveys using valid and reliable tools are needed to better estimate prevalence of depression among Pakistani university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naeem Khan
- Metro South Addiction and Mental Health Services, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, Griffith Health, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Parveen Akhtar
- School of Public Health, Global Health Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Saira Ijaz
- Department of Psychiatry, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Waqas
- Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,Human Development Research Foundation (HDRF), Islamabad, Pakistan
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27
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Khan AK, Bashir MH, Ahmed S, Bashir MA, Ali S, Hameed SA, Batool M, Ahmed I, Khan MN. Biodiversity of Soil Inhabiting Prostigmata (Arachnida: Acari) from Different Agro-Ecological Zones of Punjab, Pakistan. PAK J ZOOL 2021. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/20191009121053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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28
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Javed I, Javed T, Khan MN. A characteristic study of Zea mays L. (sweet corn) cobs for synthetic dye degradation from aqueous media. Water Sci Technol 2021; 83:52-62. [PMID: 33460406 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The current study reports a systematic methodology of Zea mays L. (sweet corn) cobs (ZMLC) for the sequestration of synthetic dye (gentian violet) from aqueous solutions. Adsorbent was scrutinized by using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infra-red spectrometry with pHpzc determination. The impact of various adsorption parameters including pH effect, ZMLC (sorbent) dosage, temperature, concentration and shaking time was examined. The equilibrium sorption isotherms were determined by the batch method from 283 to 303 K at pHpzc. Adsorption data were adjusted to four isothermal models: Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich and Temkin's models, which presented the best adjustment to Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich and Temkin's at 283 K. The kinetic profile fitted well to the pseudo-second order kinetic equation at three distinct concentrations 600, 700, 800 mg/L. Maximum sorption capacity was gained up to 700 mg.g-1 for gentian violet at pH 3, respectively. The adsorption process is endothermic, non-spontaneous, favorable thermodynamically due to positive values of entropy and Gibbs free energy and randomness decreases during the adsorption process. Furthermore, after biosorption onto ZMLC the dye can be desorbed effectively by using mineral base KOH solution. Consequently, the ZMLC is said to be a promising biosorbent to remediate gentian violet-contaminated water as well as wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram Javed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, Punjab, Pakistan E-mail:
| | - Tariq Javed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, Punjab, Pakistan E-mail:
| | - Muhammad Naeem Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, Punjab, Pakistan E-mail:
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29
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Rafiq A, Zahid K, Qadir A, Khan MN, Khalid ZM, Ali N. Inhibition of microbial growth by silver nanoparticles synthesized from Fraxinus xanthoxyloides leaf extract. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 131:124-134. [PMID: 33251642 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Conventional antibiotics have been failed to treat infectious diseases due to emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) in some common pathogens. The current study aimed to formulate new antimicrobials from greener sources. In the midst of these efforts, nanotechnology is a newly emerged field, in which the synthesis of new nanoparticles through novel and efficient means is on the rise. METHODS AND RESULTS The current work has been carried out to assess the potential of Fraxinus xanthoxyloides (FX) leaf extract in biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (FX-AgNPs). This method is economical and simple one-step approach to synthesize AgNPs. Characterization of FX-AgNPs has been done by UV-Visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electronic microscope (TEM) and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The formation of FX-AgNPs has confirmed through UV-Visible spectroscopy (at 430 nm) by change of colour owing to surface Plasmon resonance. Based on the XRD pattern, the crystalline property of FX-AgNPs has established. Functional groups existing in F. xanthoxyloides leaf extract are confirmed by FT-IR spectrum. SEM and TEM authenticated morphology of the AgNPs. The newly synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated for their antimicrobial potential. Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined against Escherichia coli, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans by microtiter plate assay. The lowest inhibition (69%) observed against MRSA was at a concentration of 50 ppm FX-AgNPs and maximum inhibition (81%) observed was against P. aeruginosa. The biosynthesized AgNPs triggered up to 68·6% reduction of the P. aeruginosa biofilm when compared to the control. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that nanoparticles could be a better alternative of antibiotics with greater efficacies and represent a valuable milestone to fight against infections caused by MDR pathogens. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study imparts a useful insight into the development of a new antimicrobial agent from a novel source.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rafiq
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - K Zahid
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A Qadir
- Departments of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M N Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Z M Khalid
- Departments of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - N Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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30
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Laar RA, Shi S, Ashraf MA, Khan MN, Bibi J, Liu Y. Impact of Physical Activity on Challenging Obesity in Pakistan: A Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17217802. [PMID: 33113780 PMCID: PMC7662990 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) refers to any action produced by skeletal muscle that consumes energy. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), PA is the primary element that can improve health at the community level. Obviously, PA plays an important role in the social, physical, and mental development of men and women, as well as in balancing weight. However, the large-scale negative impacts of physical inactivity on health-related issues are also recognized globally, such as obesity, which is the source of many non-communication diseases (NCDs). In Pakistan alone, 46% of deaths occur due to NCD. The majority of NCD deaths are linked to obesity, and Pakistan is the ninth most obese country in the world. Research on obesity caused by sedentary work in Pakistan is lacking, especially among university employees. To fill this gap, the current study mainly focuses on the rising non-communicable disease (NCD) rates among university employees in Pakistan due to a lack of exercise (obesity, in this case), with the help of a self-designed knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) questionnaire. Five universities in the Sindh province of Pakistan were surveyed (n = 276), following the concept of Yin-Yang as a theoretical lens. The results of the current study show that the knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes of university employees have a great influence on their body mass index (BMI). The study shows that Pakistani residents' (especially teaching staff) perceptions and attitudes towards obesity and PA have been instructive, but their practices need to be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ahmed Laar
- School of Sports Science and Physical Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; (R.A.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shusheng Shi
- School of Sports Science and Physical Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; (R.A.L.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Muhammad Azeem Ashraf
- Research Institute of Educational Science, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;
| | - Muhammad Naeem Khan
- Department of Sociology, School of social and Behavioral Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Jannat Bibi
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China;
| | - Yibing Liu
- School of Sports Science and Physical Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; (R.A.L.); (Y.L.)
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31
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Khan M, Khalid M, Arshad MN, Khan MN, Usman M, Ali A, Saifullah B. Designing Star-Shaped Subphthalocyanine-Based Acceptor Materials with Promising Photovoltaic Parameters for Non-fullerene Solar Cells. ACS Omega 2020; 5:23039-23052. [PMID: 32954154 PMCID: PMC7495771 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Star-shaped three-dimensional (3D) twisted configured acceptors are a type of nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) which are getting considerable attention of chemists and physicists on account of their promising photovoltaic properties and manifestly promoted the rapid progress of organic solar cells (OSCs). This report describes the peripheral substitution of the recently reported highly efficient 3D star-shaped acceptor compound, STIC, containing a 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydroinden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (IC) end-capped group and a subphthalocyanine (SubPc) core unit. The 3D star-shaped SubPc-based NFA compound STIC is peripherally substituted with well-known end-capped groups, and six new molecules (S1-S6) are quantum chemically designed and explored using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT). Density of states (DOS) analysis, frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis, reorganization energies of electrons and holes, open-circuit voltage, transition density matrix (TDM) surface, photophysical characteristics, and charge-transfer analysis of selected molecules (S1-S6) are evaluated with the synthesized reference STIC. The designed molecules are found in the ambience of 2.52-2.27 eV with a reduction in energy gap of up to 0.19 eV compared to R values. The designed molecules S3-S6 showed a red shift in the absorption spectrum in the visible region and broader shift in the range of 605.21-669.38 nm (gas) and 624.34-698.77 (chloroform) than the R phase values of 596.73 nm (gas) and 616.92 nm (chloroform). The open-circuit voltages are found with the values larger than R values in S3-S6 (1.71-1.90 V) and comparable to R in the S1 and S2 molecules. Among all investigated molecules, S5 due to the combination of extended conjugation and electron-withdrawing capability of end-capped acceptor moiety A5 is proven as the best candidate owing to promising photovoltaic properties including the lowest band gap (2.27 eV), smallest λe = 0.00232 eV and λh = 0.00483 eV, highest λmax values of 669.38 nm (in gas) and 698.77 nm (in chloroform), and highest V oc = 1.90 V with respect to HOMOPTB7-Th-LUMOacceptor. Our results suggest that the selected molecules are fine acceptor materials and can be used as electron and/or hole transport materials with excellent photovoltaic properties for OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad
Usman Khan
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Government College
University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara 56300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Department
of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of
Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Arshad
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz
University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center
of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Muhammad Usman
- Department
of Physics, Khwaja Fareed University of
Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Akbar Ali
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Bullo Saifullah
- Institute
of Advanced Research Studies in Chemical Sciences, University of Sindh, Hosho Road, Jamshoro Sindh 76080, Pakistan
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32
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Parikh AN, Concepcion FA, Khan MN, Boehm RD, Poolos OC, Dhami A, Poolos NP. Selective hyperactivation of JNK2 in an animal model of temporal lobe epilepsy. IBRO Rep 2020; 8:48-55. [PMID: 32072069 PMCID: PMC7015819 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) are members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family and are derived from three genes, Jnk1-3. These kinases are involved in cellular responses to homeostatic insults, such as inflammation and apoptosis. Furthermore, increased JNK expression and activation are associated with debilitating neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. We previously reported elevated levels of phosphorylated JNK (pJNK), indicative of JNK hyperactivation, in the CA1 hippocampus of chronically epileptic rats. We also showed that pharmacological inhibition of JNK activity reduced seizure frequency in a dose-dependent fashion (Tai TY et al., Neuroscience, 2017). Building on these observations, the objectives of this current study were to investigate the timeline of JNK activation during epileptogenesis, and to identify the JNK isoform(s) that undergo hyperactivation in the chronic epilepsy stage. Western blotting analysis of CA1 hippocampal homogenates showed JNK hyperactivation only during the chronic phase of epilepsy (6–9 weeks post-status epilepticus), and not in earlier stages of epileptogenesis (1 h, 1 day, and 1 week post-status epilepticus). After enrichment for pJNK by immunoprecipitation, we identified JNK2 as the only significantly hyperactivated JNK isoform, with expression of the 54 kDa pJNK2 variant elevated to a greater extent than the 46 kDa pJNK2 variant. Expression of the total amounts of both JNK2 variants (phosphorylated plus non-phosphorylated) was reduced in epilepsy, however, suggesting that activation of upstream phosphorylation pathways was responsible for JNK2 hyperactivation. Since our prior work demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of JNK activation had an antiepileptic effect, JNK2 hyperactivation is therefore likely a pathological event that promotes seizure occurrences. This investigation provides evidence that JNK2 is selectively hyperactivated in epilepsy and thus may be a novel and selective antiepileptic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Parikh
- Department of Neurology and Regional Epilepsy Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - F A Concepcion
- Department of Neurology and Regional Epilepsy Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - M N Khan
- Department of Neurology and Regional Epilepsy Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - R D Boehm
- Department of Neurology and Regional Epilepsy Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - O C Poolos
- Department of Neurology and Regional Epilepsy Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - A Dhami
- Department of Neurology and Regional Epilepsy Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - N P Poolos
- Department of Neurology and Regional Epilepsy Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Khan MN, Ali W, Shah Z, Idrees M, Gulab H, Adnan. A Validated Spectrofluorimetric Method for the Determination of Moxifloxacin in Its Pure Form, Pharmaceutical Preparations, and Biological Samples. ANAL SCI 2019; 36:361-366. [PMID: 31735762 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.19p370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This research work presents a simple, sensitive, selective, economic, and widely applicable and interferences-free spectrofluorimetric method estimating moxifloxacin in the pure form, commercial formulations and biological samples. The method is based on the reaction of moxifloxacin with Ce(IV) in an acidic medium to generate fluorescent active species Ce(III). The excitation and emission of the fluorescent species are 250 and 362 nm, respectively. Different variables that might influence the oxidation of moxifloxacin, including the Ce(IV) concentration and volume, the effect of temperature and the heating time, the type of acids and its concentration were analyzed and boosted. The linearity was observed in the concentration range of 0.2 - 5.0 μg mL-1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9991. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification were calculated and observed to be 0.016 and 0.056 μg mL-1 respectively. The effects of the common excipients and some co-administrated drugs usually used in the determination of moxifloxacin were investigated, and no interferences were noted. The planned method has been successfully practical for the analysis of moxifloxacin in its pure form, in pharmaceutical products and in biological samples. The obtained percent recoveries ranged from 95.50 to 101.37% for pharmaceutical products and from 95.15 to 103.18% for human blood plasma and urine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Waqar Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University Charsadda
| | - Zarbad Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University Charsadda
| | | | - Hussain Gulab
- Department of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University Charsadda
| | - Adnan
- Institute of Chemical Sciences University of Swat
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Khan MN, Bibi N, Irum, Idrees M. A Micellar-Enhanced Spectrofluorimetric Method for the Determination of Ciprofloxacin in Pure Form, Pharmaceutical Preparations and Biological Samples. TENSIDE SURFACT DET 2019. [DOI: 10.3139/113.110646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
A simple, fast and interference free spectrofluorimetric method was developed for the quantification of ciprofloxacin in its pure form, pharmaceutical preparations and in human plasma. The method is based on the enhancement of the weak fluorescence signal of drugs by the addition of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) surfactant micelles in citrate buffer at pH 5.5. Different experimental parameters like buffers, surfactant type and concentration were investigated. The fluorescence intensity of ciprofloxacin was measured at 446 nm (emission) and at 328 nm (excitation). A linear relationship between concentration of ciprofloxacin and fluorescence intensity was found in the range of 0.04 μg/mL–6.0 μg/mL with a correlation coefficient of 0.9946. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were calculated and found to be 3.87 × 10−5 and 1.29 × 10−4 μg/mL respectively. The effect of common excipients and co-administered drugs were also investigated and the method was found free of interferences. The method was successfully applied for the determination of ciprofloxacin in pharmaceutical preparations and human plasma with percentage recoveries of 97.08 % to 99.32 % and 95.00 % to 101.25 % respectively.
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Ara R, Islam MS, Rashid MH, Khan MN, Chakraborty RK, Rima SZ, Nahar N, Khatun S, Dowel FA, Ara R, Mahmud MA. Brachial Plexus Schwannoma: A Case Report with Emphasis on Imaging. Mymensingh Med J 2019; 28:685-688. [PMID: 31391445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Brachial plexus tumors are rare. Schwannomas are benign nerve sheath tumors and only about 5% arise from brachial plexus. Diagnosis of these tumors are challenging for radiologists as well as clinicians as they are rare and the anatomy of the neck is complex. We report a case of a middle aged woman who was admitted in Mymensingh Medical College in Neurosurgery Department on 15th December 2017 with right supraclavicular swelling; based on the clinical findings was provisionally diagnosed as supraclavicular lymphadenopathy; Ultrasonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging suggested schwannoma. Complete excision of the mass through supraclavicular approach showed the origin of it from the brachial plexus, which subsequently was confirmed to be a schwannoma with histopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ara
- Dr Rawshan Ara, Senior Medical Officer & Assistant professor, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (INMAS), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Lateef A, Nazir R, Jamil N, Alam S, Shah R, Khan MN, Saleem M, Rehman SU. Synthesis and characterization of environmental friendly corncob biochar based nano-composite – A potential slow release nano-fertilizer for sustainable agriculture. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2019.100212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sherzada S, Khan MN, Babar ME, Idrees M, Wajid A, Sharif MN, Iqbal MS, Amin I, Shahid M. Identification of Three Cyprinidae Family Members through Cytochrome Oxidase I. PAK J ZOOL 2019. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/2020.52.1.sc13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Shahzad K, Khan MN, Jabeen F, Kosour N, Chaudhry AS, Sohail M. Evaluating toxicity of copper(II) oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) through waterborne exposure to tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) by tissue accumulation, oxidative stress, histopathology, and genotoxicity. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:15943-15953. [PMID: 29589240 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1813-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles are widely used in industries, and peak level can be confirmed in their surroundings. In the present study, the sub-lethal effects of CuO-NPs from low to high concentration as 0.5 to 1.5 mg/L were observed in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Accumulation of copper from CuO-NPs was increased with the increase in doses, and maximum accumulation was found in the gill than liver and muscles. The increased lipid peroxidation level was observed in the gill as compared to liver, and the similar results were obtained in catalase and glutathione while superoxide dismutase level was higher in the liver than gills. In histological alterations, gill edema, curved tips, fusion of gill lamellae, and thickening of primary and secondary gill lamellae were observed. Necrosis and apoptosis with condensed nuclear bodies and pyknotic nuclei were observed in the liver at the highest dose concentration. In a genotoxic study, the highest value of % tail DNA and olive tail movement was observed with increasing concentrations. Copper oxide nanoparticles has greater potential to accumulate in the soft tissues, which may cause respiratory distress such as oxidative stress, induction of antioxidant defense by raising glutathione, organ pathology, and genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khurram Shahzad
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | | | - Farhat Jabeen
- Department of Zoology, GC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nasreen Kosour
- Fisheries Research and Training Institute, Govt. of Punjab, Manawan, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Sohail
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Khan MN, Begum R, Shah Z, Lee SH. Development and validation of an ecofriendly chemiluminescence method for the determination of citalopram in pharmaceutical preparations using Cu2+-grafted Oxidized multiwall carbon nanotubes. S Afr j chem 2018. [DOI: 10.17159/0379-4350/2018/v71a15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of short-term incarceration on antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence, virologic suppression, and engagement and retention in community care post-release. Design/methodology/approach A retrospective chart review of patients who attended the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Outreach Clinic at a Canadian remand center between September 2007 and December 2011 was carried out. Data extraction included CD4 lymphocyte count, HIV viral load, ART prescription refills, and community engagement and retention during and one-year pre- and post-incarceration. Findings Outpatient engagement increased by 23 percent ( p=0.01), as did ART adherence (55.2-70.7 percent, p=0.01), following incarceration. Retention into community care did not significantly improve following incarceration (22.4 percent pre-incarceration to 25.9 percent post-release, p=0.8). There was a trend toward improved virologic suppression (less than 40 copies/ml; 50-77.8 percent ( p=0.08)) during incarceration and 70. 4 percent sustained this one-year post-incarceration ( p=0.70). Originality/value The impact of short-term incarceration in a Canadian context of universal health coverage has not been previously reported and could have significant implications in optimizing HIV patient outcomes given the large number of HIV-positive patients cycling through short-term remand centers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sara Berger
- HIV Northern Alberta Program, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Michelle Foisy
- HIV Northern Alberta Program, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Ameeta Singh
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Canada
| | - Dan Woods
- Corrections Health, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Diane Pyne
- Corrections Health, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Rabia Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Canada
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Akbar J, Shah ST, Khan MN, Naeem A. Role of Facilities Available and Un-Available in Attracting of Tourist in Swat Valley Pakistan. Journal of Landscape Ecology 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/jlecol-2017-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Natural landscape is an important resource for mountainous regions and play crucial role in tourism development. Tourism play a key role in economic development of a country. Developing tourist areas is the key to meet the expectations of mountain inhabitants, tourists, and the general public outside of mountainous areas. In order to know tourist perception, problems, and role of landscape & horticulture plants in the field of tourism. A research study entitled “Role of facilities available and un-available in attracting of tourist in swat valley Pakistan “The data was collected from the respondents through a questionnaire survey and analyzed using percentages, frequencies and Chi-square test (where applicable). The analyzed data revealed that most of the respondent (55 %) considered natural green environment as a reason for their visit and 67 % respondents wanted to visit with their friends and were satisfied with the tourist area, respectively. Most of the respondent (39 %) observed throwing of surplus food as major waste materials which turned the beautiful green environment into unattractive environment. Most of the visitors (52 %) dislike un-cleanliness of the locality, 74% respondents felt ill effect due to deforestation.53 % tourist disagree with the current maintenance of the locality by tourism department. The most missed facilities were non availability of dustbins and children playing areas. 75 % respondents agreed with the fact that most of the people (local inhabitants as well as tourist) were unaware with regard to maintenance activities of the area 15.7 % respondent agreed that road system should be improved to access most of the greenery in the locality, respectively to aware local people and tourist regarding maintenance of the locality will improve tourism in Swat valley. The studies need to be develop for the improvement of existing as well as artificial landscape of the tourist area (Kalam and Malamjabba) of Swat valley.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ahmad Naeem
- Horticultural Manger at SKTH hospital Peshawar
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Khan MN, Masood MQ, Siddiqui MA, Naz S, Islam N. Vitamin-D Toxicity And Other Non-Malignant Causes Of Hypercalcemia: A Retrospective Study At A Tertiary Care Hospital In Pakistan. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2017; 29:436-440. [PMID: 29076678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypercalcemia is a common clinical problem; primary hyperparathyroidism and malignancy is commonest causes of hypercalcemia. Aetiology of hypercalcemia are changing, causes that were diseases of the past like Vitamin-D toxicity and milk alkali syndrome are observed more often. Vitamin-D deficiency is an important problem and overzealous replacement of Vitamin-D has been observed, suspected to cause toxicity. METHODS This was a retrospective review of patients admitted at the Aga Khan University Hospital from January 2008 to December 2013 with hypercalcemia. We reviewed the electronic health records for laboratory and radiological studies, and discharge summaries to establish the cause of hypercalcemia. Patients with solid tumour malignancy were excluded from the analysis. The treatment records and hospital course of patients diagnosed with Vitamin-D toxicity were also reviewed. RESULTS Primary hyperparathyroidism was the most common cause of hypercalcemia comprising 41 (28.2 %) patients. Vitamin-D toxicity was present in 25 (17.3%) and probable Vitamin-D toxicity 11 (7.6 %) inpatients. Vitamin-D toxicity and probable Vitamin-D toxicity together comprised 36 (24.8%) cases. Other causes of hypercalcemia included multiple myeloma 18 (12.4%) patients, tuberculosis 6 (4.1%) patients, chronic kidney disease6 (4.1%) cases, sarcoidosis 4 (2.7%) and lymphoma 3 (2.0%) patients. In 29(20%) patients a cause of hypercalcemia could not be determined and were labelled as undiagnosed cases. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin-D toxicity was the second commonest cause of hypercalcemia after primary hyperparathyroidism. Knowledge of the prevalent and emerging causes of hypercalcemia is important for prompt diagnosis and treatment..
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naeem Khan
- Department Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Sabahat Naz
- Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi, Pakistan
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Joshi N, Rolheiser TM, Fisk JD, McKelvey JR, Schoffer K, Phillips G, Armstrong M, Khan MN, Leslie RA, Rusak B, Robertson HA, Good KP. Lateralized microstructural changes in early-stage Parkinson's disease in anterior olfactory structures, but not in substantia nigra. J Neurol 2017; 264:1497-1505. [PMID: 28653210 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-017-8555-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by motor symptoms as well as severe deficits in olfactory function and microstructural changes in olfactory brain regions. Because of the evidence of asymmetric neuropathological features in early-stage PD, we examined whether lateralized microstructural changes occur in olfactory brain regions and the substantia nigra in a group of early-stage PD patients. Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), we assessed 24 early-stage PD patients (Hoehn and Yahr stage 1 or 2) and 26 healthy controls (HC). We used DTI and a region of interest (ROI) approach to study the microstructure of the left and right anterior olfactory structures (AOS; comprising the olfactory bulbs and anterior end of the olfactory tracts) and the substantia nigra (SN). PD patients had reduced UPSIT scores relative to HC and showed increased mean diffusivity (MD) in the SN, with no lateralized differences. Significant group differences in fractional anisotropy (FA) and MD were seen in the AOS, but these differences were restricted to the right side and were not associated with the primary side of motor symptoms amongst PD patients. No associations were observed between lateralized motor impairment and lateralized microstructural changes in AOS. Impaired olfaction and microstructural changes in AOS are useful for early identification of PD but asymmetries in AOS microstructure seem unrelated to the laterality of PD motor symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Joshi
- Department of Psychiatry, IWK Hospital, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - T M Rolheiser
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, 4064 AJLB, 5909 Veterans Memorial Lane, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - J D Fisk
- Department of Psychology, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Central Zone, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - J R McKelvey
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - K Schoffer
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - G Phillips
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - M Armstrong
- Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - M N Khan
- Department of Radiology, IWK Hospital, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - R A Leslie
- Department of Medical Neurosciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - B Rusak
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, 4064 AJLB, 5909 Veterans Memorial Lane, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - H A Robertson
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, 4064 AJLB, 5909 Veterans Memorial Lane, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - K P Good
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, 4064 AJLB, 5909 Veterans Memorial Lane, Halifax, NS, Canada. .,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
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Justine MF, Yang W, Wu F, Tan B, Naeem Khan M, Li Z. Dissolved organic matter in soils varies across a chronosequence of
Pinus massoniana
plantations. Ecosphere 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Meta Francis Justine
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering in Sichuan Province Institute of Ecology & Forestry Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Chengdu 611130 China
| | - Wanqin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering in Sichuan Province Institute of Ecology & Forestry Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Chengdu 611130 China
| | - Fuzhong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering in Sichuan Province Institute of Ecology & Forestry Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Chengdu 611130 China
| | - Bo Tan
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering in Sichuan Province Institute of Ecology & Forestry Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Chengdu 611130 China
| | | | - Zhijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering in Sichuan Province Institute of Ecology & Forestry Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Chengdu 611130 China
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Khan MN, Iqbal M, Naeem A, Bibi S, Waraich EA, Dahlawi S. Elemental sulfur improves growth and phytoremediative ability of wheat grown in lead-contaminated calcareous soil. Int J Phytoremediation 2016; 18:1022-1028. [PMID: 26852881 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1146226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the effect of elemental sulfur on lead uptake and its toxicity in wheat. A pot experiment was conducted with the purpose to examine the impact of sulfur on improving Pb solubility in soil, and uptake and accumulation in wheat plants. The effect of three levels of lead (0, 50, and 100 mg/kg soil) and sulfur (0, 150, and 300 mmol/kg soil) was tested in all possible combinations. Root dry matter, straw, and grain yields, and the photosynthetic and transpiration rates decreased significantly with increase in the concentration of Pb in the soil. However, sulfur fertilization in the presence of Pb improved the photosynthetic and transpiration rates and consequently increased the straw and grain yields of wheat. It also enhanced Pb accumulation in roots, its translocation from roots to shoot, and accumulation in grain. S and Zn contents of different plant parts were also enhanced. Thus, by mitigating the toxic effect of Pb and improving wheat growth, sulfur enhances Pb accumulation by the aboveground plant parts and hence the phytoextraction capacity of wheat. However, total accumulation of Pb shows that wheat plant cannot be considered as a suitable candidate for phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naeem Khan
- b Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
- c College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu , China
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- d Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University) , New Delhi , India
| | - Asif Naeem
- b Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
- e Soil Science Division, Nuclear Institute of Agriculture and Biology (NIAB) , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Sadia Bibi
- b Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Ejaz Ahmad Waraich
- f Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Saad Dahlawi
- a Department of Environmental Health , College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Dammam , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Khan MN, Sharma AM, Pitz M, Loewen SK, Quon H, Poulin A, Essig M. High-grade glioma management and response assessment-recent advances and current challenges. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 23:e383-91. [PMID: 27536188 DOI: 10.3747/co.23.3082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The management of high-grade gliomas (hggs) is complex and ever-evolving. The standard of care for the treatment of hggs consists of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. However, treatment options are influenced by multiple factors such as patient age and performance status, extent of tumour resection, biomarker profile, and tumour histology and grade. Follow-up cranial magnetic resonance imaging (mri) to differentiate treatment response from treatment effect can be challenging and affects clinical decision-making. An assortment of advanced radiologic techniques-including perfusion imaging with dynamic susceptibility contrast mri, dynamic contrast-enhanced mri, diffusion-weighted imaging, proton spectroscopy, mri subtraction imaging, and amino acid radiotracer imaging-can now incorporate novel physiologic data, providing new methods to help characterize tumour progression, pseudoprogression, and pseudoresponse. In the present review, we provide an overview of current treatment options for hgg and summarize recent advances and challenges in imaging technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Khan
- Department of Radiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB
| | - A M Sharma
- Department of Radiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB;; Department of Radiation Oncology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB
| | - M Pitz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB;; Department of Haematology and Medical Oncology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB
| | - S K Loewen
- Department of Radiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB;; Department of Radiation Oncology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB
| | - H Quon
- Department of Radiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB;; Department of Radiation Oncology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB
| | - A Poulin
- Department of Radiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB;; Department of Radiology, Laval University, Quebec City, QC
| | - M Essig
- Department of Radiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB
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Sohail M, Khan MN, Chaudhry AS, Shahzad K. Proximate composition and elemental analysis in soft tissues of freshwater mussels (Anodonta anatina) from the Chashma Lake, River Indus Pakistan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11515-016-1410-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sohail M, Khan MN, Chaudhry AS, Qureshi NA. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals and analysis of mineral element alongside proximate composition in foot, gills and mantle of freshwater mussels (Anodonta anatina). Rend Fis Acc Lincei 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12210-016-0551-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ye M, Jacobs A, Khan MN, Jaipaul J, Oda J, Johnson M, Doroshenko A. Evaluation of the use of oseltamivir prophylaxis in the control of influenza outbreaks in long-term care facilities in Alberta, Canada: a retrospective provincial database analysis. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e011686. [PMID: 27381211 PMCID: PMC4947728 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the impact of oseltamivir prophylaxis in the management and control of influenza outbreaks in long-term care facilities in Alberta, Canada. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Long-term care facilities where 127 influenza outbreaks were reported to public health authorities in Alberta, Canada, during two influenza seasons from 2013 to 2015. DESIGN AND OUTCOME MEASURES Using routinely collected surveillance and administrative data, we examined the association between decision-making time for oseltamivir recommendation as prophylaxis strategy for influenza outbreaks in long-term care facilities (explanatory variable) and the duration of an influenza outbreak, the postprophylaxis risk of influenza-like illness and hospitalisation among residents of long-term care facilities in Alberta (outcome variables) using multivariable linear and Poisson regression models. RESULTS Oseltamivir prophylaxis decision-making time was positively associated with the postintervention duration of an outbreak, with a 1-day delay in making decision on oseltamivir prophylaxis associated with 2.22 (95% CI 1.37 to 3.06) more days of the duration of an outbreak after controlling for potential confounding effect of the number of residents at risk at intervention, outbreak progression time, prevalence of influenza-like illness during outbreak progression, facility location, presence of mixed strain and based on optimal timing of oseltamivir prophylaxis. Although not statistically significant, a 1-day delay in making decision on oseltamivir prophylaxis was associated with a 5% (95% CI -1% to 11%) increase in the postintervention risk of influenza-like illness, and a 6% (95% CI -8% to 22%) increase in the postintervention risk of hospitalisation after controlling for the same potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated benefits of using oseltamivir prophylaxis to shorten the duration of influenza outbreaks; however, there were no significant differences in the influenza-like illness and hospitalisation risk occurring after the intervention. Surveillance data may offer means of rapid evaluation of oseltamivir prophylaxis in long-term care facilities as a public health measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ye
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | | - Joy Jaipaul
- Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Joanna Oda
- Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Alexander Doroshenko
- Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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