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Meier E, Rubin N, Dermody SS, Tessier KM, Hecht SS, Murphy S, Jensen J, Donny EC, al’Absi M, Drobes D, Koopmeiners J, Denlinger-Apte R, Tidey JW, Vandrey R, Thorne C, Hatsukami D. Immediate Switching to Reduced Nicotine Cigarettes in a U.S.-Based Sample: The Impact on Cannabis Use and Related Variables at 20 Weeks. Nicotine Tob Res 2023; 25:867-874. [PMID: 36198098 PMCID: PMC10077930 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntac231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The FDA proposed rule-making to reduce nicotine in cigarettes to minimally addictive levels. Research suggests decreasing nicotine levels (i.e. very low nicotine content cigarettes [VLNCs]) produced greater quit attempts, reduced smoking, and reduced exposure to harmful constituents among smokers. The impact of long-term VLNC use among people who co-use cigarettes and cannabis on non-tobacco-specific toxicant and carcinogen exposure has not been investigated. AIMS AND METHODS This study presents secondary analyses of a controlled clinical trial examining switching to VLNC (versus a normal nicotine cigarettes control group [NNCs]) between people who co-use cigarettes and cannabis (n = 174) versus smoked cigarettes (n = 555). Linear mixed-effects models compared changes in smoking behavior, and tobacco-specific (i.e. total nicotine equivalents [TNE], 4-[methylnitrosamino]-1-[3-pyridyl]-1-butanone [NNK; total NNAL]) and non-tobacco-specific (i.e. carbon monoxide (CO), 2-cyanoethylmercapturic acid [CEMA], phenanthrene tetraol [PheT]) toxicant and carcinogen exposure at week 20 (with random intercept for participants). Cannabis use was measured among co-use groups. RESULTS CO was significantly lower only among the cigarette-only group assigned VLNCs (interaction: p = .015). Although both VLNC groups demonstrated decreased CEMA, greater decreases emerged among the cigarette-only group (interaction: p = .016). No significant interactions emerged for TNE, cigarettes per day (CPD), NNAL, and PheT (ps > .05); both VLNC groups decreased in TNE, CPD, and NNAL. Only the cigarette-only group assigned VLNCs demonstrated decreased PheT (p < .001). The VLNC co-use group showed increased cannabis use over time (p = .012; 0.5 more days per week by week 20). CONCLUSIONS Those who co-use cannabis and cigarettes may still be at risk for greater exposure to non-tobacco-specific toxicants and carcinogens compared to those who only smoke cigarettes. IMPLICATIONS The present study is the longest longitudinal, prospective comparison study of smoking behavior and exposure to harmful constituents among those who co-use cigarettes and cannabis versus cigarette-only after immediately switching to very low nicotine content cigarettes (VLNC). Those who co-use experienced similar reductions in CPD and tobacco-specific exposure, compared to those who only use cigarettes. However, co-use groups experienced smaller reductions in non-tobacco-specific toxicants and carcinogens compared to the cigarette-only group, potentially because of combustible cannabis use. Additionally, those who co-use and switched to VLNC may be susceptible to slight increases in cannabis use (approximately two more days per year).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Meier
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin—Stevens Point, Stevens Point, WI, USA
| | - Nathan Rubin
- Biostatistics Core, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sarah S Dermody
- School of Psychological Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Katelyn M Tessier
- Biostatistics Core, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Stephen S Hecht
- University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, 717 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Sharon Murphy
- University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, 717 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Joni Jensen
- University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, 717 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Eric C Donny
- Department of Social Science and Health Policy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mustafa al’Absi
- Department of Family Medicine and BioBehavioral Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - David Drobes
- Departments of Oncologic Sciences and Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Joe Koopmeiners
- University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, 717 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Rachel Denlinger-Apte
- Department of Social Science and Health Policy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer W Tidey
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ryan Vandrey
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Cole Thorne
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin—Stevens Point, Stevens Point, WI, USA
| | - Dorothy Hatsukami
- University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, 717 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
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Nakajima M, Jama S, Noor N, Albee R, Ali SA, Ali SF, Pratt R, al’Absi M. Attitudes Toward Mental Health, Addiction, and Biobehavioral Research in the Somali Community in Minnesota, United States. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00851-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Ben Salah A, DeAngelis BN, al’Absi M. Uncertainty and psychological distress during COVID-19: What about protective factors? Curr Psychol 2022; 42:1-8. [PMID: 35669208 PMCID: PMC9145118 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03244-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the relationship between perceived uncertainty and depression/ anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic and it tested the moderating roles of resilience and perceived social support in this relationship. A cross-sectional study was conducted between March 31st and May 15th, 2020, using an online, multi-language, international survey built within Qualtrics. We collected data on sociodemographic features, perceived uncertainty, perceived social support, depression and anxiety symptoms, and resilience. A moderation model was tested using model 2 of Hayes' PROCESS macro for SPSS. The study included 3786 respondents from 94 different countries, 47.7% of whom reported residence in the United States of America. Results demonstrated that higher perceived uncertainty was associated with more symptoms of depression and anxiety. Higher resilience levels and higher perceived social support were associated with fewer depression and anxiety symptoms. The moderation hypotheses were supported; the relationship between uncertainty and symptoms of depression and anxiety decreased as levels of resilience increased and as perceived social support increased. The results suggest that resilience and social support could be helpful targets to reduce the negative effects of uncertainty on depression and anxiety symptoms. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-022-03244-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa Ben Salah
- Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Briana N. DeAngelis
- Family Medicine and Biobehavioral Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812 USA
| | - Mustafa al’Absi
- Family Medicine and Biobehavioral Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812 USA
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al’Absi M, DeAngelis B, Fiecas M, Budney A, Allen S. Effects of regular cannabis and nicotine use on acute stress responses: chronic nicotine, but not cannabis use, is associated with blunted adrenocortical and cardiovascular responses to stress. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:1551-1561. [PMID: 35275227 PMCID: PMC9248975 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06087-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Cannabis is one of the most prevalent substances used by tobacco smokers and, in light of the growing list of states and territories legalizing cannabis, it is expected that co-use of cannabis and nicotine will escalate significantly and will lead to continuing challenges with tobacco use. OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to examine the interactive effects of chronic cannabis and nicotine use on adrenocortical, cardiovascular, and psychological responses to stress and to explore sex differences in these effects. METHODS Participants (N = 231) included cannabis-only users, nicotine-only users, co-users of both substances, and a non/light-user comparison group. After attending a medical screening session, participants completed a laboratory stress session during which they completed measures of subjective states, cardiovascular responses, and salivary cortisol during baseline (rest) and after exposure to acute stress challenges. RESULTS Nicotine use, but not cannabis use, was associated with blunted cortisol and cardiovascular responses to stress across both men and women. Men exhibited larger cortisol responses to stress than women. Co-users had significantly larger stress-related increases in cannabis craving than cannabis-only users. Cannabis users reported smaller increases in anxiety during stress than cannabis non/light-users, and both male nicotine-only users and male cannabis-only users experienced significantly smaller increases in stress than their non/light-user control counterparts. CONCLUSIONS This study replicates and extends earlier research on the impacts of sex and nicotine use on stress responses, and it provides novel findings suggesting that when co-used with nicotine, cannabis use may not confer additional alterations to physiological nor subjective responses to stress. Co-use, however, was associated with enhanced stress-related craving for cannabis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa al’Absi
- Department of Family Medicine and Biobehavioral Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, 1035 University Drive, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Briana DeAngelis
- Department of Family Medicine and Biobehavioral Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, 1035 University Drive, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Mark Fiecas
- School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Sharon Allen
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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al’Absi M, Nakajima M, DeAngelis B, Grant J, King A, Grabowski J, Hatsukami D, Allen S. Blunted opioid regulation of the HPA stress response during nicotine withdrawal: therapeutic implications. Stress 2021; 24:529-540. [PMID: 32928024 PMCID: PMC8007667 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2020.1823367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous opioids regulate pain, drug reward, and stress responses. We have previously shown reduced hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) responses to psychological stress and to opioid blockade among dependent smokers. In this study, we examined the extent to which biologically confirmed nicotine withdrawal alters endogenous opioid regulation of HPA axis functioning during rest and in response to acute stress. Smokers were randomly assigned to one of two conditions; 24 h withdrawal from all nicotine-containing products (n = 62) or smoking ad libitum (n = 44). A nonsmoking comparison group (n = 43) was also included. Participants (85 males and 64 females) completed two acute stress sessions during which a placebo or 50 mg of naltrexone (opioid antagonist) were administered using a double-blind design. Blood and saliva samples (assayed for cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone, i.e. ACTH) and mood measures were obtained during a resting absorption period, after acute stress (public speaking, mental arithmetic, and cold pressor tasks), and during an extended recovery period. Results indicated that opioid blockade (naltrexone) was associated with increased ACTH and cortisol responses to stress, and tobacco withdrawal was associated with blunted hormonal responses. A pattern of sex differences also emerged, with women exhibiting reduced ACTH responses to stress and higher ACTH and plasma cortisol responses to opioid blockade. These results indicated that compared to ad libitum smoking, nicotine withdrawal is associated with blunted opioid modulation of the HPA axis. Sex may modulate these effects. Blunted endogenous opioid regulation may underlie an incentive process that reinforces smoking behavior and may warrant therapeutic attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa al’Absi
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | | | | | - Jon Grant
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | | | - John Grabowski
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | | | - Sharon Allen
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455
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Wiernik BM, Ones DS, Marlin BM, Giordano C, Dilchert S, Mercado BK, Stanek KC, Birkland A, Wang Y, Ellis B, Yazar Y, Kostal JW, Kumar S, Hnat T, Ertin E, Sano A, Ganesan DK, Choudhoury T, al’Absi M. Using Mobile Sensors to Study Personality Dynamics. European Journal of Psychological Assessment 2020. [DOI: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Research interest in personality dynamics over time is rapidly growing. Passive personality assessment via mobile sensors offers an intriguing new approach for measuring a wide variety of personality dynamics. In this paper, we address the possibility of integrating sensor-based assessments to enhance personality dynamics research. We consider a variety of research designs that can incorporate sensor-based measures and address pitfalls and limitations in terms of psychometrics and practical implementation. We also consider analytic challenges related to data quality and model evaluation that researchers must address when applying machine learning methods to translate sensor data into composite personality assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deniz S. Ones
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Benjamin M. Marlin
- College of Information and Computer Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MS, USA
| | - Casey Giordano
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Stephan Dilchert
- Department of Management, Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College, CUNY, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Adib Birkland
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yilei Wang
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Brenda Ellis
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yagizhan Yazar
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jack W. Kostal
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Computer Science, University of Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Timothy Hnat
- Department of Computer Science, University of Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Emre Ertin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, OH, USA
| | - Akane Sano
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Deepak K. Ganesan
- College of Information and Computer Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MS, USA
| | | | - Mustafa al’Absi
- Department of Family Medicine & Biobehavioral Health, Medical School, University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth, MN, USA
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Allen AM, Jung AM, Alexander AC, Allen SS, Ward KD, al’Absi M. Cannabis use and stressful life events during the perinatal period: cross-sectional results from Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) data, 2016. Addiction 2020; 115:1707-1716. [PMID: 32032979 PMCID: PMC9219169 DOI: 10.1111/add.15003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We aimed to determine the association between stressful life events (SLEs) in the year prior to childbirth with (1) pre-pregnancy cannabis use, (2) cessation of cannabis use during pregnancy and (3) postpartum relapse to cannabis use. DESIGN We used data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) 2016, a cross-sectional, population-based surveillance system. SETTING Mailed and telephone surveys conducted in five states-Alaska, Colorado, Maine, Michigan and Washington-in the United States. PARTICIPANTS Women (n = 6061) who delivered a live infant within the last 6 months and had data on cannabis use. MEASUREMENTS Self-reported data included SLEs (yes/no response for 14 individual events in the 12 months prior to childbirth) and cannabis use [yes/no prior to pregnancy, during pregnancy, and at the time of the survey (approximately 2-6 months postpartum)]. The associations between SLEs and cannabis use (primary outcomes) were examined in logistic regression models adjusted for maternal demographics (e.g. age, race, education), geography (i.e. state of residence) and cigarette smoking. FINDINGS Pre-pregnancy, 16.4% (997/6061) of respondents endorsed using cannabis, with 36.4% (363/997) continuing cannabis use during pregnancy. Among the 63.6% (634/997) who did not report use during pregnancy, 23.2% (147/634) relapsed to cannabis use during the postpartum. Nine of the 14 possible SLEs were associated with increased odds of pre-pregnancy cannabis use [e.g. husband/partner or mother went to jail, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.30-3.62] and four were associated with increased odds of continued cannabis use during pregnancy (e.g. husband/partner lost job, aOR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.21-3.96). The odds of postpartum relapse to cannabis were significantly associated with two SLEs (husband/partner said they did not want pregnancy, aOR = 2.86, CI = 1.10-7.72; husband/partner or mother went to jail, aOR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.13-1.00). CONCLUSIONS Stressful life events during the year prior to childbirth appear to be linked to greater odds of women's cannabis use during the perinatal period, especially during pre-pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia M. Allen
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Alesia M. Jung
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Adam C. Alexander
- Oklahoma Tobacco Research Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Sharon S. Allen
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kenneth D. Ward
- Division of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mustafa al’Absi
- Department of Family Medicine and Biobehavioral Health, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, USA
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Walls M, Dertinger M, Unzen M, Forsberg A, Aronson B, Wille S, al’Absi M. Assessment of feasibility and outcomes of a salivary cortisol collection protocol in five American Indian communities. Stress 2020; 23:265-274. [PMID: 31578895 PMCID: PMC7174135 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2019.1675628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the feasibility and outcomes of administering a naturalistic saliva collection procedure and assessment in American Indian (Indigenous) communities. We focus on Indigenous adults living with type 2 diabetes given the "epidemic" of the disease disproportionately impacting many tribal groups. Data are from community-based participatory research (CBPR) involving 5 tribal communities. Participants were randomly selected from tribal clinic records. The sample includes 188 adults living with type 2 diabetes (56% female; age range = 18-77 years; M age = 46.3 years). Participants provided a total of 748 saliva samples, representing 4 samples/participant on a single day with instructions for collection at 4 time points: upon waking, 1 h after waking, 2 h after waking, and at 8 PM. Saliva sample times were recorded by participants on paper and electronically via placement in a Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS®) bottle. Overall, 67% of samples were completed within 10 min of protocol instructions and 91% of participants provided at least one useable sample (79% provided four useable samples). Noncompliance, behavioral and environmental factors were not robustly associated with deviations in observed cortisol indices. Results suggest that home-based, community interviewer-involved protocols yields valid data with high compliance. The success of this study was facilitated by exemplary efforts of tribal community-based interviewers and our overall CBPR approach.Lay summaryAuthentic efforts for tribal community partnerships in research are critical to successfully implementing biological assessments with American Indians given legacies of research misconduct and mistrustOur Community-Based Participatory Research with 5 tribes yielded high participant compliance to a home-based salivary cortisol collection protocolLack of compliance to salivary cortisol protocol and medication usage were not consistently associated with observed cortisol indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Walls
- Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for American Indian Health
- 1915 South Street, Duluth, MN 55812,
| | - Melinda Dertinger
- Department of Family Medicine & Biobehavioral Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth campus
| | - Michael Unzen
- Department of Family Medicine & Biobehavioral Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth campus
| | - Angie Forsberg
- Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for American Indian Health
| | - Benjamin Aronson
- Department of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University
| | - Stephanie Wille
- Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for American Indian Health
| | - Mustafa al’Absi
- Department of Family Medicine & Biobehavioral Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth campus
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Hatsukami DK, Luo X, Heskin AK, Tang MK, Carmella SG, Jensen J, Robinson JD, Vandrey R, Drobes DJ, Strasser AA, al’Absi M, Leischow S, Cinciripini PM, Koopmeiners J, Ikuemonisan J, Benowitz NL, Donny EC, Hecht SS. Effects of immediate versus gradual nicotine reduction in cigarettes on biomarkers of biological effects. Addiction 2019; 114:1824-1833. [PMID: 31140663 PMCID: PMC6732016 DOI: 10.1111/add.14695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM A previous study showed significantly greater reductions in number of cigarettes smoked and biomarkers of toxicant and carcinogen exposure in smokers assigned to immediate reduction of nicotine in cigarettes to very low levels versus gradually over time or continued smoking of normal nicotine content cigarettes. This study examines the effects of these approaches on selected biomarkers associated with harmful biological effects. DESIGN Three-arm, randomized controlled trial. SETTING Ten United States academic institutional sites. PARTICIPANTS Daily smokers uninterested in quitting smoking with a mean age of 45.1 [standard deviation (SD) = 13.4)] years and smoking 17.1 (SD = 8.5) cigarettes/day; 43.9% (549 of 1250) female; 60.6% (758 of 1250) white ethnicity. INTERVENTIONS (1) Smoking cigarettes where nicotine content was immediately reduced to very low levels (n = 503); (2) smoking cigarettes where nicotine content was gradually reduced, with dose changes occurring monthly (n = 498); and (3) continued smoking with normal nicotine content cigarettes (n = 249). MEASUREMENTS Smokers were assessed at baseline while smoking their usual brand cigarettes, and again at 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 weeks. Outcomes were areas under the concentration time curve (AUC) for the period of study of biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and hematological parameters. FINDINGS No consistent significant differences were observed across groups (Bayes factors showing data to be insensitive), with the only exception being red blood cell size variability, which was observed to be lower in the immediate versus gradual nicotine reduction [mean difference = -0.11; 95% confidence interval (CI) = -0.18, -0.04, P = 0.004] and normal nicotine control groups (mean difference = - 0.15, 95% CI = -0.23, -0.06, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION It remains unclear whether switching to very low nicotine cigarettes leads to a short-term reduction in biomarkers of tobacco-related harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy K. Hatsukami
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Xianghua Luo
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA,Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alisa K. Heskin
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mei Kuen Tang
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Joni Jensen
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jason D. Robinson
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Behavioral Science, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ryan Vandrey
- Johns Hopkins University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - David j. Drobes
- Moffitt Cancer Center, Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Andrew A. Strasser
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Mustafa al’Absi
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Behavioral Medicine Laboratories, Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Scott Leischow
- Mayo Clinic, Health Sciences Research, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Paul M. Cinciripini
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Behavioral Science, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Joseph Koopmeiners
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Neal L. Benowitz
- University of California, Department of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Eric C. Donny
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Stephen S. Hecht
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Carmella SG, Heskin AK, Tang MK, Jensen J, Luo X, Le CT, Murphy SE, Benowitz NL, McClernon FJ, Vandrey R, Allen SS, Denlinger-Apte R, Cinciripini PM, Strasser AA, al’Absi M, Robinson JD, Donny EC, Hatsukami DK, Hecht SS. Longitudinal stability in cigarette smokers of urinary eicosanoid biomarkers of oxidative damage and inflammation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215853. [PMID: 31022220 PMCID: PMC6483352 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The urinary metabolites (Z)-7-[1R,2R,3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-[(E,3S)-3-hydroxyoct-1-enyl]cyclopentyl]hept-5-enoic acid (8-iso-PGF2α), an F2-isoprostane and biomarker of oxidative damage, and "prostaglandin E2 metabolite" (PGE-M), a biomarker of inflammation, are elevated in cigarette smokers. However, there is little information in the literature on the longitudinal stability of these widely used biomarkers. In a large clinical trial involving 10 institutional sites, smokers were given, free of charge over a period of 20 weeks, Spectrum NRC600/601 research cigarettes containing 15.5 mg nicotine/g tobacco. All participants were instructed to smoke these cigarettes for the duration of the study. At weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20, first morning urine voids were collected and analyzed for 8-iso-PGF2α and PGE-M using validated liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry methods. The mean level of 8-iso-PGF2α at Week 4 was 1.34 ± 1.08 (S.D.) pmol/mg creatinine (N = 226) while that of PGE-M was 73.7 ± 113 (S.D.) pmol/mg creatinine (N = 232). The corresponding levels at Week 20 were 1.35 ± 0.93 (S.D.) pmol/mg creatinine (N = 209) for 8-iso-PGF2α and 74.2 ± 142 (S.D.) pmol/mg creatinine (N = 210) for PGE-M. There was variation in these values in the intervening weeks. The intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) were 0.51 (95% CI, 0.45, 0.57) and 0.36 (0.30, 0.43), for 8-iso-PGF2α and PGE-M, respectively, indicating fair longitudinal stability for 8-iso-PGF2α and poorer longitudinal stability for PGE-M in cigarette smokers. Males had higher ICC values than females for both 8-iso-PGF2α and PGE-M. These results indicate that, in addition to cigarette smoking, endogenous processes of oxidative damage and inflammation influence the levels of these biomarkers over time among current smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven G. Carmella
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Alisa K. Heskin
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Mei Kuen Tang
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Joni Jensen
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Xianghua Luo
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Chap T. Le
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Sharon E. Murphy
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Neal L. Benowitz
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - F. Joseph McClernon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ryan Vandrey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sharon S. Allen
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Rachel Denlinger-Apte
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Paul M. Cinciripini
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Andrew A. Strasser
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Mustafa al’Absi
- Behavioral Medicine Laboratories, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Jason D. Robinson
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Eric C. Donny
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dorothy K. Hatsukami
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Stephen S. Hecht
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
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11
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Chen M, Carmella SG, Sipe C, Jensen J, Luo X, Le CT, Murphy SE, Benowitz NL, McClernon FJ, Vandrey R, Allen SS, Denlinger-Apte R, Cinciripini PM, Strasser AA, al’Absi M, Robinson JD, Donny EC, Hatsukami D, Hecht SS. Longitudinal stability in cigarette smokers of urinary biomarkers of exposure to the toxicants acrylonitrile and acrolein. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210104. [PMID: 30608961 PMCID: PMC6319718 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The urinary metabolites cyanoethyl mercapturic acid (CEMA) and 3-hydroxypropyl mercapturic acid (3-HPMA) have been widely used as biomarkers of exposure to acrylonitrile and acrolein, respectively, but there are no published data on their consistency over time in the urine of cigarette smokers. We provided, free of charge over a 20 week period, Spectrum NRC600/601 research cigarettes to cigarette smokers in the control arm of a randomized clinical trial of the reduced nicotine cigarette. Urine samples were collected at weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 and analyzed for CEMA and 3-HPMA, and total nicotine equivalents (TNE) using validated methods. Creatinine-corrected intra-class correlation coefficients for CEMA, 3-HPMA, and TNE were 0.67, 0.46, and 0.68, respectively, indicating good longitudinal consistency for CEMA, while that of 3-HPMA was fair. A strong correlation between CEMA and TNE values was observed. These data support the use of CEMA as a reliable biomarker of tobacco smoke exposure. This is the first report of the longitudinal stability of the biomarkers of acrylonitrile and acrolein exposure in smokers. The data indicate that CEMA, the biomarker of acrylonitrile exposure, is consistent over time in cigarette smokers, supporting its use. While 3-HPMA levels were less stable over time, this biomarker is nevertheless a useful monitor of human acrolein exposure because of its specificity to this toxicant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglan Chen
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Steven G. Carmella
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Chistopher Sipe
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Joni Jensen
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Xianghua Luo
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Chap T. Le
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Sharon E. Murphy
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Neal L. Benowitz
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - F. Joseph McClernon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ryan Vandrey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sharon S. Allen
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Rachel Denlinger-Apte
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Paul M. Cinciripini
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Andrew A. Strasser
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Mustafa al’Absi
- Behavioral Medicine Laboratories, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Jason D. Robinson
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Eric C. Donny
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dorothy Hatsukami
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Stephen S. Hecht
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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al’Absi M, Nakajima M, Lemieux A. Impact of early life adversity on the stress biobehavioral response during nicotine withdrawal. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 98:108-118. [PMID: 30130691 PMCID: PMC6613643 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to early life adversity (ELA) is associated with increased subsequent risk for addiction and relapse. We examined changes in psychobiological responses to stress in dependent smokers and nonsmoking controls and evaluated how history of early adversity may exacerbate acute changes during nicotine withdrawal and acute stress. Smokers were randomly assigned to one of two conditions; 24 h withdrawal (66 smokers) from smoking and all nicotine-containing products or smoking ad libitum (46 smokers) prior to an acute laboratory stress induction session; and 44 nonsmokers provided normal referencing. The laboratory session included a baseline rest, stress and recovery periods. Plasma and saliva samples for the measurement stress hormones and cardiovascular and self-report mood measures were collected multiple times during the session. Multivariate analysis confirmed that all groups showed stress-related increases in negative mood, cardiovascular measures and stress hormones, particularly smokers in the withdrawal condition. Individuals with high ELA showed greater adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), but lower plasma and salivary cortisol levels, than those with low ELA. Cortisol differences were abolished during tobacco withdrawal. These findings demonstrate that ELA moderates the effects of withdrawal on stress-related biobehavioral changes.
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Lissek T, Adams M, Adelman J, Ahissar E, Akaaboune M, Akil H, al’Absi M, Arain F, Arango-Lasprilla JC, Atasoy D, Avila J, Badawi A, Bading H, Baig AM, Baleriola J, Belmonte C, Bertocchi I, Betz H, Blakemore C, Blanke O, Boehm-Sturm P, Bonhoeffer T, Bonifazi P, Brose N, Campolongo P, Celikel T, Chang CC, Chang TY, Citri A, Cline HT, Cortes JM, Cullen K, Dean K, Delgado-Garcia JM, Desroches M, Disterhoft JF, Dowling JE, Draguhn A, El-Khamisy SF, El Manira A, Enam SA, Encinas JM, Erramuzpe A, Esteban JA, Fariñas I, Fischer E, Fukunaga I, Gabilondo I, Ganten D, Gidon A, Gomez-Esteban JC, Greengard P, Grinevich V, Gruart A, Guillemin R, Hariri AR, Hassan B, Häusser M, Hayashi Y, Hussain NK, Jabbar AA, Jaber M, Jahn R, Janahi EM, Kabbaj M, Kettenmann H, Kindt M, Knafo S, Köhr G, Komai S, Krugers H, Kuhn B, Ghazal NL, Larkum ME, London M, Lutz B, Matute C, Martinez-Millan L, Maroun M, McGaugh J, Moustafa AA, Nasim A, Nave KA, Neher E, Nikolich K, Outeiro T, Palmer LM, Penagarikano O, Perez-Otano I, Pfaff DW, Poucet B, Rahman AU, Ramos-Cabrer P, Rashidy-Pour A, Roberts RJ, Rodrigues S, Sanes JR, Schaefer AT, Segal M, Segev I, Shafqat S, Siddiqui NA, Soreq H, Soriano-García E, Spanagel R, Sprengel R, Stuart G, Südhof TC, Tønnesen J, Treviño M, Uthman BM, Venter JC, Verkhratsky A, Weiss C, Wiesel TN, Yaksi E, Yizhar O, Young LJ, Young P, Zawia NH, Zugaza JL, Hasan MT. Building Bridges through Science. Neuron 2017; 96:730-735. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Carlson SC, Allen AM, Allen SS, al’Absi M. Differences in mood and cortisol by menstrual phase during acute smoking abstinence: A within-subject comparison. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 2017; 25:338-345. [PMID: 29048182 PMCID: PMC5687826 DOI: 10.1037/pha0000142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence that smoking-cessation success differs by menstrual phase and sex hormone levels; however, the biological mechanisms underlying these differences are not clear. One possibility is that variation in cortisol throughout the menstrual cycle and early smoking abstinence may be partly responsible. The goal of this secondary-data analysis was to conduct a within-subject examination of the effects of menstrual phase and smoking abstinence on salivary cortisol and mood. Data are from a controlled crossover trial, in which participants completed 2 testing weeks during their follicular and luteal phases. During each testing week, they smoked ad libitum during the first 2 days and then abstained from smoking during the next 4 days. Salivary cortisol and self-reported mood were collected 5 times on the day before abstinence (D0) and the first (D1) and third (D3) days of abstinence. Participants (n = 125) were, on average (mean ± SE), 29.4 ± 0.6 years old and smoked 12.6 ± 0.5 cigarettes/day. Whereas salivary cortisol varied significantly by time of day (p < .0001) and smoking abstinence (D0 to D1: β = -0.06 ± 0.02 log[ng/ml], p = .0074 and D3: β = -0.05 ± 0.02 log[ng/ml], p = .0117). no significant differences by menstrual phase were observed. Craving increased from D0 to D1 during the follicular phase but decreased in the luteal phase (+0.31 vs. -0.15, β = 0.46 ± 0.19, p = .0162). This work builds on prior observations in demonstrating a decrease in cortisol in acute smoking abstinence and menstrual phase differences in craving. The results provide further evidence that cortisol levels do not vary by menstrual phase in the first few days of abstinence. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha C. Carlson
- Department of Family Medicine & Community Health, Medical
School, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street SE, Suite 454,
Minneapolis, MN 55414
| | - Alicia M. Allen
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of
Medicine, University of Arizona, 3950 South Country Club Drive, Suite 330,
Tucson, AZ 85742
| | - Sharon S. Allen
- Department of Family Medicine & Community Health, Medical
School, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, Room A682,
Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Mustafa al’Absi
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Medical School, University of
Minnesota, Duluth, 1035 University Drive, 236 SMed, D601A, Duluth, MN
55812
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15
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Hatsukami DK, Luo X, Dick L, Kangkum M, Allen SS, Murphy SE, Hecht SS, Shields P, al’Absi M. Reduced nicotine content cigarettes and use of alternative nicotine products: exploratory trial. Addiction 2017; 112:156-167. [PMID: 27614097 PMCID: PMC5249662 DOI: 10.1111/add.13603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To compare the use of alternative nicotine products, smoking behavior and tobacco biomarker exposure in smokers unwilling to quit who were assigned randomly to normal nicotine content (NNC) cigarettes or very low nicotine content (VLNC) cigarettes. DESIGN Randomized, parallel-arm 8-week study with assignment to VLNC (VLNC 1, n = 53) or NNC (NNC, n = 27) with access to non-cigarette combusted and non-combusted tobacco/nicotine products or to VLNC with access to only non-combusted products (VLNC2, n = 56). SETTING Clinics in Minnesota, USA. PARTICIPANTS Smokers uninterested in quitting smoking with a mean [± standard deviation (SD)] age of 44 (± 14) years and smoking 16 (± seven) cigarettes/day; 51% female, 72% white. MEASUREMENTS During the experimental period, the measures taken included: rate of alternative products used, amount of and abstinence from combusted tobacco used and tobacco exposure biomarkers. FINDINGS There were higher rates of non-combusted alternative tobacco/nicotine product use in both VLNC conditions versus the NNC condition [rate ratio (RR) = 2.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.94, 2.46 and RR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.46, 1.85, respectively] and in VLNC1 versus VLNC2 condition (RR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.23, 1.44), accompanied by reduced biomarkers of exposure primarily in VLNC2 condition compared to NNC condition (Ps < 0.05). Fewer combusted products were smoked at almost all visits (Ps ≤ 0.02) and there were higher rates of abstinence for both VLNC conditions compared with the NNC condition (VLNC1 versus NNC: RR = 9.96, 95% CI = 5.01, 19.81; VLNC2 versus NNC: RR = 11.23, 95% CI = 5.74, 21.97). CONCLUSION The offer of, and instructions to use, reduced nicotine content cigarettes during an 8-week period led to greater use of alternative tobacco/nicotine products compared with continued use of normal nicotine cigarettes and also reductions in smoking rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy K. Hatsukami
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Xianghua Luo
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA,Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Laura Dick
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Margarita Kangkum
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sharon S. Allen
- Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sharon E. Murphy
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Stephen S. Hecht
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Peter Shields
- James Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mustafa al’Absi
- Duluth Medical Research Institute, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, USA
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Saleheen N, Ali AA, Hossain SM, Sarker H, Chatterjee S, Marlin B, Ertin E, al’Absi M, Kumar S. puffMarker: A Multi-Sensor Approach for Pinpointing the Timing of First Lapse in Smoking Cessation. Proc ACM Int Conf Ubiquitous Comput 2015; 2015:999-1010. [PMID: 26543927 PMCID: PMC4631252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent researches have demonstrated the feasibility of detecting smoking from wearable sensors, but their performance on real-life smoking lapse detection is unknown. In this paper, we propose a new model and evaluate its performance on 61 newly abstinent smokers for detecting a first lapse. We use two wearable sensors - breathing pattern from respiration and arm movements from 6-axis inertial sensors worn on wrists. In 10-fold cross-validation on 40 hours of training data from 6 daily smokers, our model achieves a recall rate of 96.9%, for a false positive rate of 1.1%. When our model is applied to 3 days of post-quit data from 32 lapsers, it correctly pinpoints the timing of first lapse in 28 participants. Only 2 false episodes are detected on 20 abstinent days of these participants. When tested on 84 abstinent days from 28 abstainers, the false episode per day is limited to 1/6.
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17
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al’Absi M, Lemieux A, Nakajima M. Peptide YY and ghrelin predict craving and risk for relapse in abstinent smokers. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2014; 49:253-9. [PMID: 25127083 PMCID: PMC4165731 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Appetite hormones are directly involved in regulating satiety, energy expenditure, and food intake, and accumulating evidence suggests their involvement in regulating reward and craving for drugs. This study investigated the ability of peptide YY (PYY) and ghrelin during the initial 24-48 h of a smoking cessation attempt to predict smoking relapse at 4 weeks. Multiple regression analysis indicated that increased PYY was associated with decreased reported craving and increased positive affect. Cox proportional hazard models showed that higher ghrelin levels predicted increased risk of smoking relapse (hazard ratio=2.06, 95% CI=1.30-3.27). These results indicate that circulating PYY may have buffering effects during the early stages of cessation while ghrelin may confer increased risk of smoking relapse. Further investigation of the links between these hormones and nicotine dependence is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa al’Absi
- Duluth Medical Research Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, USA,Department of Biobehavioral Health and Population, Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Andrine Lemieux
- Duluth Medical Research Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Motohiro Nakajima
- Duluth Medical Research Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, USA,Department of Biobehavioral Health and Population, Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, USA
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18
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al’Absi M, Nakajima M, Dokam A, Sameai A, Alsoofi M, Khalil NS, Habori MA. Concurrent tobacco and khat use is associated with blunted cardiovascular stress response and enhanced negative mood: a cross-sectional investigation. Hum Psychopharmacol 2014; 29:307-15. [PMID: 24706595 PMCID: PMC5763500 DOI: 10.1002/hup.2403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Khat (Catha edulis), an amphetamine-like plant, is widely used in East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula and is becoming a growing problem in other parts of the world. The concurrent use of tobacco and khat is highly prevalent and represents a public health challenge. We examined for the first time associations of the concurrent use of tobacco and khat with psychophysiological responses to acute stress in two sites in Yemen. METHODS Participants (N = 308; 135 women) included three groups: users of khat and tobacco, users of khat alone, and a control group (nonsmokers/nonusers of khat). These individuals completed a laboratory session in which blood pressures (BP), heart rate, and mood measures were assessed during rest and in response to acute stress. RESULTS Concurrent use of khat and tobacco was associated with attenuated systolic BP, diastolic BP, and heart rate responses to laboratory stress (ps < 0.05) and with increased negative affect relative to the control group (ps < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Results demonstrated blunted cardiovascular responses to stress and enhanced negative affect in concurrent khat and tobacco users. These findings extend previous studies with other substances and suggest that adverse effects of khat use may lie in its association with the use of tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa al’Absi
- Duluth Medical Research Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Motohiro Nakajima
- Duluth Medical Research Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
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19
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Widmann M, Warsame AH, Mikulica J, von Beust J, Isse MM, Ndetei D, al’Absi M, Odenwald MG. Khat Use, PTSD and Psychotic Symptoms among Somali Refugees in Nairobi - A Pilot Study. Front Public Health 2014; 2:71. [PMID: 25072043 PMCID: PMC4075009 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2014.00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In East-African and Arab countries, khat leaves are traditionally chewed in social settings. They contain the amphetamine-like alkaloid cathinone. Especially among Somali refugees, khat use has been associated with psychiatric symptoms. We assessed khat-use patterns and psychiatric symptoms among male Somali refugees living in a disadvantaged urban settlement area in Kenya, a large group that has not yet received scientific attention. We wanted to explore consume patterns and study the associations between khat use, traumatic experiences, and psychotic symptoms. Using privileged access sampling, we recruited 33 healthy male khat chewers and 15 comparable non-chewers. Based on extensive preparatory work, we assessed khat use, khat dependence according to DSM-IV, traumatic experiences, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and psychotic symptoms using standardized diagnostic instruments that had been adapted to the Somali language and culture. Hazardous use patterns like chewing for more than 24 h without interruption were frequently reported. All khat users fulfilled the DSM-IV-criteria for dependence and 85% reported functional khat use, i.e., that khat helps them to forget painful experiences. We found that the studied group was heavily burdened by traumatic events and posttraumatic symptoms. Khat users had experienced more traumatic events and had more often PTSD than non-users. Most khat users experience khat-related psychotic symptoms and in a quarter of them we found true psychotic symptoms. In contrast, among control group members no psychotic symptoms could be detected. We found first evidence for the existence and high prevalence of severely hazardous use patterns, comorbid psychiatric symptoms, and khat use as a self-medication of trauma-consequences among male Somali refugees in urban Kenyan refugee settlements. There is a high burden by psychopathology and adequate community-based interventions urgently need to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Widmann
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | | | - Jan Mikulica
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Johannes von Beust
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | | | - David Ndetei
- Africa Mental Health Foundation, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Mustafa al’Absi
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Michael G. Odenwald
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Vivo International, Allensbach, Germany
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20
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Wong JA, Pickworth WB, Waters AJ, al’Absi M, Leventhal AM. Cortisol levels decrease after acute tobacco abstinence in regular smokers. Hum Psychopharmacol 2014; 29:152-62. [PMID: 24399662 PMCID: PMC4049137 DOI: 10.1002/hup.2382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the effect of acute tobacco abstinence on cortisol levels in regular smokers, and whether abstinence-induced changes in cortisol levels are correlated with various signs and symptoms of the tobacco withdrawal syndrome. METHODS Smokers (N = 77, ≥15 cigarettes/day) attended two counterbalanced sessions (avg = 1 h), one following 12-20 h of abstinence and the other following ad lib smoking. At both sessions, salivary cortisol levels were measured at three time points. Additionally, a battery of self-report questionnaires, physiological assessments, and cognitive performance tasks were administered to measure signs and symptoms of tobacco withdrawal. RESULTS Salivary cortisol levels were significantly lower during the abstinent session versus the non-abstinent session. No significant associations were found between abstinence-induced changes in cortisol and other tobacco withdrawal measures, although there was suggestive evidence that abstinence-induced changes in cortisol levels and hunger were inversely associated to a modest degree. CONCLUSION Acute tobacco abstinence was associated with decreased cortisol levels. Cortisol dampening during acute tobacco abstinence may reflect nicotine-mediated modulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity, which may be relevant to the maintenance of tobacco dependence. Tobacco-withdrawal cortisol changes do not appear to be a cause or consequence of many manifestations of acute tobacco withdrawal with the possible exception of hunger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan A. Wong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Andrew J. Waters
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mustafa al’Absi
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Adam M. Leventhal
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA,Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA,Correspondence to: A. M. Leventhal, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSC 240, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA. Tel: 1-323-442-2732; Fax: 1-323-442-2359
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Allen AM, al’Absi M, Lando H, Hatsukami D, Allen SS. Menstrual phase, depressive symptoms, and allopregnanolone during short-term smoking cessation. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 2013; 21:427-33. [PMID: 24059585 PMCID: PMC4574494 DOI: 10.1037/a0034075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical literature indicates that allopregnanolone (ALLO), a neuroactive steroid metabolized from progesterone, may protect against drug abuse behaviors. It is important to understand how ALLO varies during smoking changes in clinical samples with depressive symptoms (DS) given they are at high risk of smoking relapse. The purpose of this article is to characterize changes in ALLO by menstrual phase during short-term smoking cessation among women with and without DS. At screening, study participants (n = 84) were classified as either having past or current DS (n = 48) or not (n = 36). In a controlled crossover trial design, participants completed 2 testing weeks in the follicular (F; low ALLO) and luteal (L; high ALLO) menstrual phases. During each testing week, blood samples were collected during ad libitum smoking and on the fourth day of biochemically verified smoking abstinence. Participants were, on average, 30.1 ± 6.7 years old, smoked 12.6 ± 5.7 cigarettes per day, and most (73%) were White. The change in ALLO during short-term smoking cessation varied significantly by menstrual phase such that it decreased by 10% in the follicular phase and increased by 31% in the luteal phase. There were no significant differences in ALLO levels by DS group. In premenopausal women, ALLO levels varied by menstrual phase and smoking status, but not DS. Given that other research has indicated L phase is associated with improved smoking cessation outcomes, an increase in ALLO during short-term cessation in the L phase may protect against relapse whereas a decrease in ALLO, as observed in the F phase, may increase risk for relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia M. Allen
- Department of Family Medicine & Community Health, Medical School, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street SE, Room 256, Minneapolis, MN 55414, Phone: 612-624-0896
| | - Mustafa al’Absi
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Duluth, 1035 University Drive, 236 SMed, D601A, Duluth, MN 55812
| | - Harry Lando
- Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 South 2 Street, 300 WBOB, Minneapolis, MN 55454
| | - Dorothy Hatsukami
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street SE, Room 256, Minneapolis, MN 55414
| | - Sharon S. Allen
- Department of Family Medicine & Community Health, Medical School, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, Room A682, Minneapolis, MN 55455
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Nakajima M, al’Absi M, Dokam A, Alsoofi M, Khalil NS, Al Habori M. Gender differences in patterns and correlates of khat and tobacco use. Nicotine Tob Res 2013; 15:1130-5. [PMID: 23197767 PMCID: PMC3646654 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/nts257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although research suggests gender differences in patterns of tobacco use, whether gender moderates concurrent use of tobacco and other substances remains unclear. In some parts of Africa and the Middle East, tobacco is often accompanied with khat (Catha edulis), a widely used substance in these regions. The concurrent use of tobacco and khat may represent a public health burden spreading to other countries in Europe and North America. METHOD A total of 189 participants (69 women) khat users and smokers in Yemen were asked to complete questionnaires that focused on patterns of khat and tobacco use. Chi-square tests, analyses of variance, and correlational analyses were conducted. RESULTS Reported frequency and intensity of khat and tobacco use were greater among men than in women. Also, reported number of cigarettes smoked during a khat session was higher among men than among women, whereas frequency of waterpipe use during the session was greater among women than among men. Smoking status (daily or occasional) was positively associated with khat use in women only. Age of onset of khat use was inversely related to the number of cigarettes smoked during a khat session and with intensity of khat chewing. The majority of participants reported that they had thought about and have attempted to quit khat and tobacco use. CONCLUSIONS The results provide evidence for gender differences in patterns of concurrent use of tobacco and khat. Identifying determinants of tobacco and khat use may be useful in reducing the risk of their negative health outcomes.
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Abstract
Catastrophizing is reliably associated with increased reports of clinical and experimental pain. To test the hypothesis that catastrophizing may heighten pain experience by increasing nociceptive transmission through spinal gating mechanisms, the present study examined catastrophizing as a predictor of pain ratings and nociceptive flexion reflex (NFR) thresholds in 88 young adult men (n=47) and women (n=41). The NFR threshold was defined as the intensity of electrocutaneous sural nerve stimulation required to elicit a withdrawal response from the biceps femoris muscle of the ipsilateral leg. Participants completed an assessment of their NFR threshold and then provided pain ratings using both a numerical rating scale (NRS) and the short-form McGill pain questionnaire (SF-MPQ). Pain catastrophizing was assessed using the catastrophizing subscale of the coping strategies questionnaire (CSQ). Although catastrophizing was positively related to both NRS and SF-MPQ pain ratings, catastrophizing was not significantly related to NFR threshold. These findings suggest that differential modulation of spinal nociceptive input may not account for the relationship between catastrophizing and increased pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janis L. France
- Department of Psychology, Ohio University, 245 Porter Hall, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Mustafa al’Absi
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Christopher Ring
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - David McIntyre
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Lovallo WR, al’Absi M, Pincomb GA, Passey RB, Sung BH, Wilson MF. Caffeine, extended stress, and blood pressure in borderline hypertensive men. Int J Behav Med 2000. [DOI: 10.1207/s15327558ijbm0702_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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