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Kalimuthu M, Sreethar S, Murugesan R, Nandhagopal N. Multi-Class Facial Emotion Recognition using Hybrid Dense Squeeze Network. INT J PATTERN RECOGN 2023. [DOI: 10.1142/s0218001423560050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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Cheng Y, Mushahar L, Looi Y, Ali N, Kalimuthu M, Shafiee S, Kathiravelu U, Tan J. POS-831 ASSESSMENT OF ARTERIAL STIFFNESS AND FLUID STATUS AND ITS ASSOCIATION IN DIALYSIS PATIENTS: A SINGLE CENTRE STUDY. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Gupta B, Sumitha MK, Kalimuthu M, Senthil MK, Paramasivan R, Kumar A. Status of insecticide resistance inthe dengue vector, Aedes aegypti in India: a review. J Vector Borne Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/0972-9062.361174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Gupta B, Kumar PN, Kalimuthu M, Kumar MS, Govindrajan R, Venkatesh A, Paramasivan R, Kumar A. Morphological and molecular characterization of Aedes aegypti variant collected from Tamil Nadu, India. J Vector Borne Dis 2022; 59:22-28. [DOI: 10.4103/0972-9062.331413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Kumar MS, Kalimuthu M, Selvam A, Mathivanan A, Paramasivan R, Kumar A, Gupta B. Genetic structure and connectivity among Aedes aegypti populations within Madurai city in Southern India. Infect Genet Evol 2021; 95:105031. [PMID: 34375746 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.105031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the genetic variability and differentiation among 12 Ae. aegypti populations collected within the Madurai city in Tamil Nadu state of Southern India. Genotyping of 12 microsatellite markers in 353 individual samples showed moderate levels of genetic diversity among 12 populations. UPGMA tree, hierarchical clustering, Bayesian clustering and Discriminant Analysis on Principal Components roughly divided these populations into two genetic clusters: main city populations and the populations located at the border of the corporation limit. Significant positive correlation between genetic and geographic distance was observed among 12 populations, however, the correlation was non-significant within each genetic cluster. Population assignment and divMigrate graph depicted less migration between two groups. Overall, the findings of this study provided an overview of Ae. aegypti population structure within an urban setting in India that have implications in effective implementation of vector control in the city area.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Senthil Kumar
- ICMR-Vector Control Research Center, 4, Sarojini Street Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai 625002, India
| | - M Kalimuthu
- ICMR-Vector Control Research Center, 4, Sarojini Street Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai 625002, India
| | - A Selvam
- ICMR-Vector Control Research Center, 4, Sarojini Street Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai 625002, India
| | - A Mathivanan
- ICMR-Vector Control Research Center, Medical Complex, Indira Nagar, 605006 Puducherry, India
| | - R Paramasivan
- ICMR-Vector Control Research Center, 4, Sarojini Street Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai 625002, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- ICMR-Vector Control Research Center, Medical Complex, Indira Nagar, 605006 Puducherry, India
| | - Bhavna Gupta
- ICMR-Vector Control Research Center, 4, Sarojini Street Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai 625002, India.
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Loganathan M, Thangavelu R, P P, Kalimuthu M, Ramesh R, Selvarajan R, Uma S. First report of rhizome rot of banana caused by Klebsiella variicola in India. Plant Dis 2021; 105:2011. [PMID: 33673773 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-10-20-2316-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rhizome rot or soft rot disease is one of the major problems in banana (Musa spp.) cultivation, as it causes germination failure and death of early stage plants. A roving survey conducted during 2017 to 2019 in the major banana growing states of India indicated a 5-30% incidence of rhizome rot in commercial cultivars. The symptoms observed were yellowing of leaves, necrotic drying with or without heart rot, and yellow or brown water soaked spots with dark brown margins in the rhizomes. Decay of tissues, cavity formation and brown ooze with foul smell, and toppling were also observed. To isolate bacteria, dissected diseased tissues were surface sterilized and plated on Crystal Violet Pectate (CVP) medium. Of 60 samples plated on CVP medium, three samples collected from cvs. NeyPoovan-AB (Karur, Tamil Nadu, 10°56'36.8"N;78°24'12.5"E), Grand Naine-AAA (Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 10°47'26.1"N;78°34'14.8"E) and Thellachakkarakeli-AAA (East-Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, 16°51'32.1"N;81°46'08.4"E), did not yield any bacteria; however, when plated on nutrient agar, they produced whitish to dull white, mucoid, raised, round and translucent colonies, and three isolates were named as NPK-3-48, GTC-5 and 1-1B-3, respectively. Because these colonies were distinct from colonies obtained on CVP medium (which were analyzed and confirmed separately as Pectobaterium sp.) (Gokul et al. 2019), they were further characterized. Amplification of 16S rDNA genes of NPK-3-48, GTC-5 and 1-1B-3 isolates using universal primers (27F 5' - AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG - 3'; 1492 R 5' - GGTTACCTTGTTACGACTT - 3') and rpoB gene (Rosenblueth et al. 2004) was carried; the amplicons were sequenced and deposited in NCBI (Accessions MW036529-MW036531; MW497572-MW497574). Phylogenetic analysis of rpoB clearly showed that the isolates NPK-3-48, GTC-5, 1-1B-3 are Klebsiella variicola (Rosenblueth et al. 2004) Besides, biochemical tests also indicated that all three isolates were Gram negative, catalase positive, oxidase negative and able to utilize glucose, maltose and citrate (Ajayasree and Borkar 2018). Therefore, the above said morphological, molecular and biochemical analyses carried out indicated that NPK-3-48, GTC-5, 1-1B-3 are of K. variicola. Earlier, K. variicola causing soft rot has been reported on banana in China (Fan et al. 2016), plantain soft rot in Haiti (Fulton et al. 2020) and carrot soft rot in India (Chandrashekar et al. 2018). For pathogenicity tests, these three isolates were grown in nutrient broth for 48 h at 37±1°C and the cells were harvested by centrifugation. Five milliliters of the culture suspension (2×108 CFUmL-1) taken in a syringe was injected into rhizomes of three month old tissue cultured Grand Naine plants. Each bacterial isolate was injected into eight banana plants at soil level. Appropriate controls were maintained. Inoculated plants were maintained in a glasshouse at 32±2°C and after 30-35 days, rhizome rot symptoms appeared in all the three bacterial isolates inoculated plants but in none of the control plants. The Koch's postulates were proved by re-isolation and identification.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of K. variicola causing rhizome rot disease of banana in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugan Loganathan
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Plant Pathology, ICAR National Research Centre for Banana , Thogamalai Road, Thayanur (Post), Tiruchirapalli-620 102, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, India, 620102
- ICAR;
| | - Raman Thangavelu
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Plant Pathology, ICAR-National, Tiruchirapalli, India, 620102
- 4/115, 16th cross, shanmuganagar UKTIndia;
| | - Pushpakanth P
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Plant Pathology, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Muthubharathi Kalimuthu
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Plant Pathology, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - R Ramesh
- ICAR Central Coastal Agricultural Research Institute, 105112, Ela, Goa, India;
| | - Ramasamy Selvarajan
- NRC Banana, Plant Pathology - Molecular Virology lab, Thogamali road, Thayanur post, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India, 620 102;
| | - Subbaraya Uma
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Crop Improvement, Tiruchirapalli, India;
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Sunish IP, Rajendran R, Munirathinam A, Kalimuthu M, Kumar VA, Nagaraj J, Tyagi BK. Impact on prevalence of intestinal helminth infection in school children administered with seven annual rounds of diethyl carbamazine (DEC) with albendazole. Indian J Med Res 2016; 141:330-9. [PMID: 25963494 PMCID: PMC4442331 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.156622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES One third of the world's population is infected with one or more of the most common soil-transmitted helminths (STH). Albendazole (ALB) is being administered with diethyl carbamazine (DEC) in filariasis endemic areas to eliminate lymphatic filariasis (LF) and helminth infections. In this study, the cumulative impact of seven annual rounds of mass drug administrations (MDA) of DEC and ALB on STH infection in school children in selected villages in southern India was determined. METHODS During 2001-2010, seven MDAs were implemented by the Tamil Nadu s0 tate h0 ealth d0 epartment, India. LF and STH infections were monitored in school children from 18 villages of the two treatment arms (viz, DEC alone and DEC+ALB). Kato-Katz cellophane quantitative thick smear technique was employed to estimate STH infections at three weeks, six months and one year post MDA. RESULTS Prior to treatment, an overall STH prevalence was 60 per cent. After each MDA, infection markedly reduced at three weeks post-treatment in both the arms. The prevalence increased at six months period, which was maintained up to one year. After seven rounds of MDA, the infection reduced from 60.44 to 12.48 per cent in DEC+ALB arm; while the reduction was negligible in DEC alone arm (58.77 to 52.70%). INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS Seven rounds of MDA with DEC+ALB reduced the infection load significantly, and further sustained low level of infection for 10 years. However, complete parasite elimination could not be achieved. To curtail STH infection in the community, MDA should be regularized and environmental sanitation measures need to be improved by effective community-based campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - B K Tyagi
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR), Madurai, India
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Kalimuthu M, Sunish IP, Nagaraj J, Munirathinam A, Kumar VA, Arunachalam N, White GB, Tyagi BK. Residual microfilaraemia in rural pockets of South India after five rounds of DEC plus albendazole administration as part of the LF elimination campaign. J Vector Borne Dis 2015; 52:182-184. [PMID: 26119554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Kalimuthu
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR) 4. Sarojini Street, Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai-625 002, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sunish IP, Kalimuthu M, Rajendran R, Munirathinam A, Ashok Kumar V, Nagaraj J, Tyagi BK. Decline in lymphatic filariasis transmission with annual mass drug administration using DEC with and without albendazole over a 10year period in India. Parasitol Int 2014; 64:1-4. [PMID: 25205435 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The National Programme for the Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis is underway in the endemic districts of Tamil Nadu State, South India, since 2001. Annual mass drug administration (MDA) was carried out by the state health department to all eligible individuals. The impact of MDAs on transmission parameters was evaluated in 2 revenue blocks, viz, one with DEC alone and the other with a combination of albendazole. After 10 years with 6 annual MDAs, the transmission indices reached low levels in both treatment arms, but still persisted. However, the DEC alone arm showed higher transmission rates, compared to the DEC+ALB arm. Few villages which demonstrated persistent transmission need to be targeted with an additional control measure viz, vector control, to achieve LF elimination. It is evident from the 10 year period of the study that inclusion of albendazole along with DEC has significantly reduced the transmission indices to almost nil level, as compared to DEC alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- I P Sunish
- Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), Field Unit, Perka Village, Car Nicobar, Andaman & Nicobar Islands744 301, India.
| | - M Kalimuthu
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR), No.4 Sarojini Street, Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai 625 002, India
| | - R Rajendran
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR), No.4 Sarojini Street, Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai 625 002, India
| | - A Munirathinam
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR), No.4 Sarojini Street, Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai 625 002, India
| | - V Ashok Kumar
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR), No.4 Sarojini Street, Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai 625 002, India
| | - J Nagaraj
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR), No.4 Sarojini Street, Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai 625 002, India
| | - B K Tyagi
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR), No.4 Sarojini Street, Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai 625 002, India.
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Sunish IP, Munirathinam A, Kalimuthu M, Ashok Kumar V, Tyagi BK. Persistence of lymphatic filarial infection in the paediatric population of rural community, after six rounds of annual mass drug administrations. J Trop Pediatr 2014; 60:245-8. [PMID: 24343822 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmt101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Under the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (LF), mass drug administration (MDA) is being implemented in Tamil Nadu, south India, by the State health machinery. The impact of six annual rounds of MDA using diethylcarbamazine (DEC) with and without albendazole (ALB) on filarial infection (microfilaraemia prevalence-MFP; antigenaemia prevalence-AGP) in paediatric population of 2-9 years was determined in two revenue blocks, with a population of 321 000. After each MDA, 300-400 children were screened for filarial infection. After six MDAs, an overall MFP reduction of 84.67% and 57.95% was observed in DEC+ALB and DEC alone arms, respectively. Corresponding AGP reductions were 72.88% (p < 0.001) and 41.51% (p = 0.023). Observation of microfilaraemic children after six MDAs (0.32% in DEC+ALB; 0.75% in DEC alone), necessitates the need for supplementary control strategies (viz., vector control), in order to achieve the goal of LF elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- I P Sunish
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR), No. 4 Sarojini Street, Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai - 625 002, Tamil Nadu state, India
| | - A Munirathinam
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR), No. 4 Sarojini Street, Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai - 625 002, Tamil Nadu state, India
| | - M Kalimuthu
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR), No. 4 Sarojini Street, Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai - 625 002, Tamil Nadu state, India
| | - V Ashok Kumar
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR), No. 4 Sarojini Street, Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai - 625 002, Tamil Nadu state, India
| | - B K Tyagi
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR), No. 4 Sarojini Street, Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai - 625 002, Tamil Nadu state, India
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