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Nabila Souad Touri

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Belaid B, Lamara Mahammed L, Drali O, Oussaid AM, Touri NS, Melzi S, Dehimi A, Berkani LM, Merah F, Larab Z, Allam I, Khemici O, Kirane SY, Boutaba M, Belbouab R, Bekkakcha H, Guedouar A, Chelali A, Baamara B, Noui D, Baaziz H, Rezak R, Azzouz SM, Aichaoui M, Moktefi A, Benhatchi RM, Oussalah M, Benaissa N, Laredj A, Bouchetara A, Adria A, Habireche B, Tounsi N, Dahmoun F, Touati R, Boucenna H, Bouferoua F, Sekfali L, Bouhafs N, Aboura R, Kherra S, Inouri Y, Dib S, Medouri N, Khelfaoui N, Redjedal A, Zelaci A, Yahiaoui S, Medjadj S, Touhami TK, Kadi A, Amireche F, Frada I, Houasnia S, Benarab K, Boubidi C, Ferhani Y, Benalioua H, Sokhal S, Benamar N, Aggoune S, Hadji K, Bellouti A, Rahmoune H, Boutrid N, Okka K, Ammour A, Saadoune H, Amroun M, Belhadj H, Ghanem A, Abbaz H, Boudrioua S, Zebiche B, Ayad A, Hamadache Z, Ouaras N, Achour N, Bouchair N, Boudiaf H, Bekkat-Berkani D, Maouche H, Bouzrar Z, Aissat L, Ibsaine O, Bioud B, Kedji L, Dahlouk D, Bensmina M, Radoui A, Bessahraoui M, Bensaadi N, Mekki A, Zeroual Z, Chan KW, Leung D, Tebaibia A, Ayoub S, Mekideche D, Gharnaout M, Casanova JL, Puel A, Lau YL, Cherif N, Ladj S, Smati L, Boukari R, Benhalla N, Djidjik R. Inborn Errors of Immunity in Algerian Children and Adults: A Single-Center Experience Over a Period of 13 Years (2008–2021). Front Immunol 2022;13:900091. [PMID: 35529857 PMCID: PMC9069527 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.900091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open

Abstract

Background

Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) predispose patients to various infectious and non-infectious complications. Thanks to the development and expanding use of flow cytometry and increased awareness, the diagnostic rate of IEI has markedly increased in Algeria the last decade.

Aim

This study aimed to describe a large cohort of Algerian patients with probable IEI and to determine their clinical characteristics and outcomes.

Methods

We collected and analyzed retrospectively the demographic data, clinical manifestations, immunologic, genetic data, and outcome of Algerian IEI patients - diagnosed in the department of medical immunology of Beni Messous university hospital center, Algiers, from 2008 to 2021.

Results

Eight hundred and seven patients with IEI (482 males and 325 females) were enrolled, 9.7% of whom were adults. Consanguinity was reported in 50.3% of the cases and a positive family history in 32.34%. The medium age at disease onset was 8 months and at diagnosis was 36 months. The median delay in diagnosis was 16 months. Combined immunodeficiencies were the most frequent (33.8%), followed by antibody deficiencies (24.5%) and well-defined syndromes with immunodeficiency (24%). Among 287 patients tested for genetic disorders, 129 patients carried pathogenic mutations; 102 having biallelic variants mostly in a homozygous state (autosomal recessive disorders). The highest mortality rate was observed in patients with combined immunodeficiency (70.1%), especially in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), Omenn syndrome, or Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II deficiency.

Conclusion

The spectrum of IEI in Algeria is similar to that seen in most countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, notably regarding the frequency of autosomal recessive and/or combined immunodeficiencies.

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Affiliation(s)

Brahim Belaid Department of Medical Immunology, Beni Messous University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Lydia Lamara Mahammed Department of Medical Immunology, Beni Messous University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Ouardia Drali Department of Pediatrics B, Hussein Dey University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Aida Mohand Oussaid Department of Pediatrics A, Beni Messous University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Nabila Souad Touri Department of Pediatrics, Blida University Hospital Center, University of Blida, Blida, Algeria
Souhila Melzi Department of Pediatrics, Bab El Oued University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Abdelhak Dehimi Department of Pediatrics, Setif University Hospital Center, University of Setif 1, Setif, Algeria
Lylia Meriem Berkani Department of Medical Immunology, Beni Messous University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Fatma Merah Department of Medical Immunology, Beni Messous University Hospital Center, Algiers, Algeria
Zineb Larab Department of Medical Immunology, Beni Messous University Hospital Center, Algiers, Algeria
Ines Allam Department of Medical Immunology, Beni Messous University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Ouarda Khemici Department of Pediatrics B, Beni Messous University Hospital Center, Algiers, Algeria
Sonya Yasmine Kirane Department of Pediatrics B, Beni Messous University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Mounia Boutaba Department of Pediatrics A, Hussein Dey University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Reda Belbouab Department of Pediatrics, Mustapha Pacha University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Hadjira Bekkakcha Department of Pediatrics A, Hussein Dey University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Assia Guedouar Department of Pediatrics A, Hussein Dey University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Abdelhakim Chelali Department of Pediatrics, Djelfa Public Hospital Institution, Djelfa, Algeria
Brahim Baamara Department of Pediatrics, Djelfa Public Hospital Institution, Djelfa, Algeria
Djamila Noui Department of Pediatrics, Batna University Hospital center, University of Batna, Batna, Algeria
Hadda Baaziz Department of Pediatrics, Batna University Hospital center, University of Batna, Batna, Algeria
Radia Rezak Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Canastel Children’s Hospital, Oran, Algeria
Sidi Mohamed Azzouz Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Canastel Children’s Hospital, University of Oran, Oran, Algeria
Malika Aichaoui Department of Pediatric Pneumo-Allergology, Canastel Children’s Hospital, Oran, Algeria
Assia Moktefi Department of Pediatric Pneumo-Allergology, Canastel Children’s Hospital, Oran, Algeria
Redha Mohamed Benhatchi Department of Pediatric Pneumo-Allergology, Canastel Children’s Hospital, Oran, Algeria
Meriem Oussalah Department of Pediatric Pneumo-Allergology, Canastel Children’s Hospital, University of Oran, Oran, Algeria
Naila Benaissa Department of Children’s Infectious Diseases, Canastel Children’s Hospital, University of Oran, Oran, Algeria
Amel Laredj Department of Children’s Infectious Diseases, Canastel Children’s Hospital, University of Oran, Oran, Algeria
Assia Bouchetara Department of Children’s Infectious Diseases, Canastel Children’s Hospital, University of Oran, Oran, Algeria
Abdelkader Adria Department of Pediatric Hematology, Canastel Children’s Hospital, Oran, Algeria
Brahim Habireche Department of Pediatrics, El Bayadh Public Hospital Institution, EL Bayadh, Algeria
Noureddine Tounsi Department of Pediatrics, El Bayadh Public Hospital Institution, EL Bayadh, Algeria
Fella Dahmoun Department of Pediatrics, Bejaia University Hospital Center, University of Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
Rabah Touati Department of Pediatrics, Bejaia University Hospital Center, University of Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
Hamza Boucenna Department of Pediatrics A, Beni Messous University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Fadila Bouferoua Department of Pediatrics A, Beni Messous University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Lynda Sekfali Department of Pediatrics A, Beni Messous University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Nadjet Bouhafs Department of Pediatrics, Bab El Oued University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Rawda Aboura Department of Pediatrics, Bab El Oued University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Sakina Kherra Department of Pediatrics A, Hussein Dey University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Yacine Inouri Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital of the Army, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Saadeddine Dib Department of Pediatrics, Mother & Child Hospital of Tlemcen, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
Nawel Medouri Department of Pediatrics, Saida Public Hospital Institution, Saida, Algeria
Noureddine Khelfaoui Department of Pediatrics, Saida Public Hospital Institution, Saida, Algeria
Aicha Redjedal Department of Pediatrics, Saida Public Hospital Institution, Saida, Algeria
Amara Zelaci Department of Pediatrics, El Oued Public Hospital Institution, El Oued, Algeria
Samah Yahiaoui Department of Pediatrics, Barika Public Hospital Institution, Batna, Algeria
Sihem Medjadj Department of Pediatrics, Ghardaia Public Hospital Institution, Ghardaia, Algeria
Tahar Khelifi Touhami Private Practitioner, Constantine, Algeria
Ahmed Kadi Department of Pneumology A, Beni Messous University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Fouzia Amireche Department of Pediatrics, Mother & Child Hospital of EL Mansourah, University of Constantine 3, Constantine, Algeria
Imane Frada Department of Pediatrics, Biskra Public Hospital Institution, Biskra, Algeria
Shahrazed Houasnia Department of Pediatrics, El Harrouche Public Hospital Institution, Skikda, Algeria
Karima Benarab Department of Pediatrics, Tizi Ouzou University Hospital Center, University of Tizi Ouzou, Tizi Ouzou, Algeria
Chahynez Boubidi Department of Pediatrics A, Hussein Dey University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Yacine Ferhani Department of Pediatrics, Mustapha Pacha University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Hayet Benalioua Department of Pediatrics, Mustapha Pacha University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Samia Sokhal Department of Pediatrics, Mustapha Pacha University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Nadia Benamar Department of Pediatrics, Tighennif Public Hospital Institution, Mascara, Algeria
Samira Aggoune Department of Pediatrics, El-Harrach Public Hospital Institution, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Karima Hadji Department of Pediatrics, Ain Oulmene Public Hospital Institution, Setif, Algeria
Asma Bellouti Department of Pediatrics, Ain Azel Public Hospital Institution, Setif, Algeria
Hakim Rahmoune Department of Pediatrics, Setif University Hospital Center, University of Setif 1, Setif, Algeria
Nada Boutrid Department of Pediatrics, Setif University Hospital Center, University of Setif 1, Setif, Algeria
kamelia Okka Department of Pediatrics, Setif University Hospital Center, University of Setif 1, Setif, Algeria
Assia Ammour Department of Pediatrics, Mother & Child Hospital of Touggourt, Touggourt, Algeria
Houssem Saadoune Department of Pneumology, Mila Public Hospital Institution, Mila, Algeria
Malika Amroun Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital of the Army, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Hayet Belhadj Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital of the Army, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Amina Ghanem Department of Pediatrics, Khenchela Public Hospital Institution, Khenchela, Algeria
Hanane Abbaz Department of Pediatrics, Khenchela Public Hospital Institution, Khenchela, Algeria
Sana Boudrioua Department of Pediatrics, El Khroub Public Hospital Institution, Constantine, Algeria
Besma Zebiche Department of Pediatrics, Kolea Public Hospital Institution, Tipaza, Algeria
Assia Ayad Department of Pediatrics, Kolea Public Hospital Institution, Tipaza, Algeria
Zahra Hamadache Department of Pediatrics, Kolea Public Hospital Institution, Tipaza, Algeria
Nassima Ouaras Department of Infectious Diseases, EL Kettar Specialized Hospital, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Nassima Achour Department of Infectious Diseases, EL Kettar Specialized Hospital, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Nadira Bouchair Department of Pediatrics, Annaba University Hospital Center, University of Annaba, Annaba, Algeria
Houda Boudiaf Department of Pediatric Oncology, Mustapha pacha University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Dahila Bekkat-Berkani Department of Pediatrics, Bologhine Public Hospital Institution, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Hachemi Maouche Department of Pediatrics, El-Harrach Public Hospital Institution, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Zahir Bouzrar Department of Pediatrics, Bab El Oued University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Lynda Aissat Department of Pediatrics, Mother & Child Hospital of Tipaza, University of Blida, Algiers, Algeria
Ouardia Ibsaine Department of Pediatrics, Ain Taya Public Hospital Institution, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Belkacem Bioud Department of Pediatrics, Setif University Hospital Center, University of Setif 1, Setif, Algeria
Leila Kedji Department of Pediatrics, Blida University Hospital Center, University of Blida, Blida, Algeria
Djazia Dahlouk Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital of the Army, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Manoubia Bensmina Department of Pediatrics B, Douera University Hospital Center, University of Blida, Algiers, Algeria
Abdelkarim Radoui Department of Pediatric Pneumo-Allergology, Canastel Children’s Hospital, University of Oran, Oran, Algeria
Mimouna Bessahraoui Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Canastel Children’s Hospital, University of Oran, Oran, Algeria
Nadia Bensaadi Department of Pediatrics, Tizi Ouzou University Hospital Center, University of Tizi Ouzou, Tizi Ouzou, Algeria
Azzeddine Mekki Department of Pediatrics B, Hussein Dey University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Zoulikha Zeroual Department of Pediatrics A, Hussein Dey University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Koon-Wing Chan Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
Daniel Leung Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
Amar Tebaibia Department of Internal Medicine, El Biar Public Hospital Institution, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Soraya Ayoub Department of Internal Medicine, Beni Messous University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Dalila Mekideche Department of Pneumology B, Beni Messous University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Merzak Gharnaout Department of Pneumology A, Beni Messous University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Jean Laurent Casanova Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, United States
Anne Puel Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States
Yu Lung Lau Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
Nacira Cherif Department of Pediatrics B, Beni Messous University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Samir Ladj Department of Pediatrics, El Biar Public Hospital Institution, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Leila Smati Department of Pediatrics, Bologhine Public Hospital Institution, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Rachida Boukari Department of Pediatrics, Mustapha Pacha University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Nafissa Benhalla Department of Pediatrics A, Beni Messous University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria
Reda Djidjik Department of Medical Immunology, Beni Messous University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria *Correspondence: Reda Djidjik,

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