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Kespohl M, Goetzke CC, Althof N, Bredow C, Kelm N, Pinkert S, Bukur T, Bukur V, Grunz K, Kaur D, Heuser A, Mülleder M, Sauter M, Klingel K, Weiler H, Berndt N, Gaida MM, Ruf W, Beling A. TF-FVIIa PAR2-β-Arrestin in Mouse Signaling Sustains Organ Dysfunction in Coxsackievirus B3 Infection. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024. [PMID: 38385286 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.320157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence implicates the activation of G-protein-coupled PARs (protease-activated receptors) by coagulation proteases in the regulation of innate immune responses. METHODS Using mouse models with genetic alterations of the PAR2 signaling platform, we have explored contributions of PAR2 signaling to infection with coxsackievirus B3, a single-stranded RNA virus provoking multiorgan tissue damage, including the heart. RESULTS We show that PAR2 activation sustains correlates of severe morbidity-hemodynamic compromise, aggravated hypothermia, and hypoglycemia-despite intact control of the virus. Following acute viral liver injury, canonical PAR2 signaling impairs the restoration process associated with exaggerated type I IFN (interferon) signatures in response to viral RNA recognition. Metabolic profiling in combination with proteomics of liver tissue shows PAR2-dependent reprogramming of liver metabolism, increased lipid droplet storage, and gluconeogenesis. PAR2-sustained hypodynamic compromise, reprograming of liver metabolism, as well as imbalanced IFN responses are prevented in β-arrestin coupling-deficient PAR2 C-terminal phosphorylation mutant mice. Thus, wiring between upstream proteases and immune-metabolic responses results from biased PAR2 signaling mediated by intracellular recruitment of β-arrestin. Importantly, blockade of the TF (tissue factor)-FVIIa (coagulation factor VIIa) complex capable of PAR2 proteolysis with the NAPc2 (nematode anticoagulant protein c2) mitigated virus-triggered pathology, recapitulating effects seen in protease cleavage-resistant PAR2 mice. CONCLUSIONS These data provide insights into a TF-FVIIa signaling axis through PAR2-β-arrestin coupling that is a regulator of inflammation-triggered tissue repair and hemodynamic compromise in coxsackievirus B3 infection and can potentially be targeted with selective coagulation inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Kespohl
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany. (M.K., C.B., N.K., S.P., A.B.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner site Berlin, Germany (M.K., A.B., K.G., D.K., W.R.)
| | - Carl Christoph Goetzke
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonology, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany. (C.C.G.)
- Clinician Scientist Program, BIH Academy, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (C.C.G.)
- German Rheumatism Research Center, Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany (C.C.G.)
| | - Nadine Althof
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany (N.A.)
| | - Clara Bredow
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany. (M.K., C.B., N.K., S.P., A.B.)
| | - Nicolas Kelm
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany. (M.K., C.B., N.K., S.P., A.B.)
| | - Sandra Pinkert
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany. (M.K., C.B., N.K., S.P., A.B.)
| | - Thomas Bukur
- Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (TRON), Germany (T.B., V.B.)
| | - Valesca Bukur
- Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (TRON), Germany (T.B., V.B.)
| | - Kristin Grunz
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner site Berlin, Germany (M.K., A.B., K.G., D.K., W.R.)
- University Medical Center Mainz, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Germany (K.G., D.K., W.R.)
| | - Dilraj Kaur
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner site Berlin, Germany (M.K., A.B., K.G., D.K., W.R.)
- University Medical Center Mainz, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Germany (K.G., D.K., W.R.)
| | - Arnd Heuser
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Animal Phenotyping Platform, Berlin, Germany (A.H.)
| | - Michael Mülleder
- Core Facility High-Throughput Mass Spectrometry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany. (M.M.)
| | - Martina Sauter
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, Cardiopathology, Germany (M.S., K.K.)
| | - Karin Klingel
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, Cardiopathology, Germany (M.S., K.K.)
| | | | - Nikolaus Berndt
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany (N.B.)
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nuthetal, Germany (N.B.)
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Institute of Computer-Assisted Cardiovascular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (N.B.)
| | - Matthias M Gaida
- University Medical Center Mainz, Institute for Pathology, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Germany (M.M.G.)
- University Medical Center Mainz, Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Germany (M.M.G.)
- Joint Unit Immunopathology, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany (M.M.G.)
- TRON, Mainz, Germany (M.M.G.)
| | - Wolfram Ruf
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner site Berlin, Germany (M.K., A.B., K.G., D.K., W.R.)
- University Medical Center Mainz, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Germany (K.G., D.K., W.R.)
| | - Antje Beling
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany. (M.K., C.B., N.K., S.P., A.B.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner site Berlin, Germany (M.K., A.B., K.G., D.K., W.R.)
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Müller I, Althof N, Hoffmann B, Klaus C, Schilling-Loeffler K, Falkenhagen A, Johne R. Comparison of Extraction Methods for the Detection of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus RNA in Goat Raw Milk and Cream Cheese. Food Environ Virol 2023; 15:32-42. [PMID: 36127560 PMCID: PMC9488872 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-022-09535-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Infection with the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) can cause meningitis, meningoencephalitis and myelitis in humans. TBEV is an enveloped RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae, which is mostly transmitted via tick bites. However, transmission by consumption of virus-contaminated goat raw milk and goat raw milk products has also been described. Only a few methods have been reported for the detection of TBEV in food so far. Here, we compare different virus extraction methods for goat raw milk and goat raw milk cream cheese and subsequent detection of TBEV-RNA by RT-qPCR. Langat virus (LGTV), a naturally attenuated TBEV strain, was used for artificial contamination experiments. Mengovirus and the human coronavirus 229E were compared to assess their suitability to serve as internal process controls. Out of three tested extraction protocols for raw milk, sample centrifugation followed by direct RNA extraction from the aqueous interphase yielded the best results, with a recovery rate (RR) of 31.8 ± 4.9% for LGTV and a detection limit of 6.7 × 103 LGTV genome copies/ml. Out of two methods for cream cheese, treatment of the samples with TRI Reagent® and chloroform prior to RNA extraction showed the best RR of 4.7 ± 1.6% for LGTV and a detection limit of 9.4 × 104 LGTV genome copies/g. RRs of Mengovirus and LGTV were similar for both methods; therefore, Mengovirus is suggested as internal process control virus. The developed methods may be useful for screening or surveillance studies, as well as in outbreak investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Müller
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadine Althof
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Hoffmann
- Institute for Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Christine Klaus
- Institute for Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Falkenhagen
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reimar Johne
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.
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Althof N, Trojnar E, Johne R. Rotaviruses in Wild Ungulates from Germany, 2019-2022. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030566. [PMID: 36985140 PMCID: PMC10058221 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Rotavirus A (RVA) is an important cause of diarrhea in humans and animals. However, RVA in wild animals has only scarcely been investigated so far. Here, the presence of RVA in wild ungulates hunted between 2019 and 2022 in Brandenburg, Germany, was investigated using real-time RT-PCR and sequencing of RT-PCR products. By analyzing intestinal contents, RVA-RNA was detected in 1.0% (2/197) of wild boar (Sus scrofa), 1.3% (2/152) of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), and 2.1% (2/95) of fallow deer (Dama dama) but not in 28 red deer (Cervus elaphus) samples. Genotyping identified G3P[13] strains in wild boar, which were closely related to previously described pig and wild boar strains. Genotype G10P[15] strains, closely related to strains from roe deer, sheep, or cattle, were found in roe deer. The strains of fallow deer represented genotype G3P[3], clustering in a group containing different strains from several hosts. The results indicated a low prevalence of RVA in wild ungulates in Germany. Associations of specific genotypes with certain ungulate species seem to exist but should be confirmed by analyses of more samples in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Althof
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eva Trojnar
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Reimar Johne
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
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4
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Johne R, Althof N, Nöckler K, Falkenhagen A. [Hepatitis E virus-a zoonotic virus: distribution, transmission pathways, and relevance for food safety]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2022; 65:202-208. [PMID: 34982174 PMCID: PMC8813789 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-021-03476-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Das Hepatitis-E-Virus (HEV) ist ein Erreger einer akuten Hepatitis beim Menschen. Darüber hinaus treten zunehmend auch chronische Infektionen mit fataler Leberzirrhose bei immunsupprimierten Transplantationspatienten auf. Die Zahl der gemeldeten Hepatitis-E-Fälle in Deutschland hat in den vergangenen Jahren stark zugenommen. Hier kommt vor allem der Genotyp 3 vor, der zoonotisch von Tieren auf den Menschen übertragen werden kann. Haus- und Wildschweine, die ohne die Ausbildung klinischer Symptome infiziert werden, stellen das Hauptreservoir dar. In diesem Artikel werden die Verbreitung von HEV in Tieren in Deutschland, mögliche Übertragungswege des Virus und insbesondere die Bedeutung von Lebensmitteln bei der Übertragung anhand der aktuellen wissenschaftlichen Literatur dargestellt. HEV ist in Haus- und Wildschweinen in Deutschland stark verbreitet und wird hauptsächlich über direkten Kontakt oder den Verzehr von Lebensmitteln, die aus diesen Tieren hergestellt wurden, auf den Menschen übertragen. Beim HEV-RNA-Nachweis in spezifischen Lebensmitteln bleibt allerdings oft unklar, ob das enthaltene Virus noch infektiös ist oder durch die Herstellungsbedingungen inaktiviert wurde. Neuere Studien weisen auf eine hohe Stabilität des HEV unter verschiedenen physikochemischen Bedingungen hin, wohingegen eine Inaktivierung unter anderem durch Erhitzung erreicht wird. Generell wird deshalb ein ausreichendes Erhitzen von Schweinefleisch und -leber vor dem Verzehr empfohlen und für Risikogruppen zusätzlich der Verzicht auf den Verzehr kurzgereifter Rohwürste. Weitere Forschungen sind nötig, um relevante Risikolebensmittel zu identifizieren, alternative Übertragungswege zu untersuchen und effiziente Maßnahmen zu entwickeln, die eine zoonotische Virusübertragung zukünftig verringern oder vermeiden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reimar Johne
- Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Deutschland.
| | - Nadine Althof
- Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Karsten Nöckler
- Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Deutschland
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5
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Goetzke CC, Althof N, Neumaier HL, Heuser A, Kaya Z, Kespohl M, Klingel K, Beling A. Mitigated viral myocarditis in A/J mice by the immunoproteasome inhibitor ONX 0914 depends on inhibition of systemic inflammatory responses in CoxsackievirusB3 infection. Basic Res Cardiol 2021; 116:7. [PMID: 33523326 PMCID: PMC7851025 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-021-00848-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A preclinical model of troponin I-induced myocarditis (AM) revealed a prominent role of the immunoproteasome (ip), the main immune cell-resident proteasome isoform, in heart-directed autoimmunity. Viral infection of the heart is a known trigger of cardiac autoimmunity, with the ip enhancing systemic inflammatory responses after infection with a cardiotropic coxsackievirusB3 (CV). Here, we used ip-deficient A/J-LMP7-/- mice to investigate the role of ip-mediated effects on adaptive immunity in CV-triggered myocarditis and found no alteration of the inflammatory heart tissue damage or cardiac function in comparison to wild-type controls. Aiming to define the impact of the systemic inflammatory storm under the control of ip proteolysis during CV infection, we targeted the ip in A/J mice with the inhibitor ONX 0914 after the first cycle of infection, when systemic inflammation has set in, well before cardiac inflammation. During established acute myocarditis, the ONX 0914 treatment group had the same reduction in cardiac output as the controls, with inflammatory responses in heart tissue being unaffected by the compound. Based on these findings and with regard to the known anti-inflammatory role of ONX 0914 in CV infection, we conclude that the efficacy of ip inhibitors for CV-triggered myocarditis in A/J mice relies on their immunomodulatory effects on the systemic inflammatory reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Christoph Goetzke
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonology, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadine Althof
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hannah Louise Neumaier
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Biochemistry, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arndt Heuser
- Animal Phenotyping Platform, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ziya Kaya
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Medizinische Klinik für Innere Medizin III: Kardiologie, Angiologie und Pneumologie, Heidelberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Partner Side Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Meike Kespohl
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Biochemistry, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Partner Side Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karin Klingel
- Cardiopathology, Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Antje Beling
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Biochemistry, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Partner Side Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Trojnar E, Contzen M, Moor D, Carl A, Burkhardt S, Kilwinski J, Berghof-Jäger K, Mormann S, Schotte U, Kontek A, Althof N, Mäde D, Johne R. Interlaboratory Validation of a Detection Method for Hepatitis E Virus RNA in Pig Liver. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8101460. [PMID: 32977593 PMCID: PMC7598171 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8101460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In the last years, the number of notified hepatitis E cases in humans has continuously increased in Europe. Foodborne infection with the zoonotic hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3 is considered the major cause of this disease. Undercooked liver and raw sausages containing the liver of pigs and wild boar are at high risk of containing HEV. However, so far, no standardized method for the detection of HEV-RNA in pig liver is available. Methods: An international collaborative study on method reproducibility involving 11 laboratories was performed for an HEV-RNA detection method, which consists of steps of sample homogenization, RNA extraction and real-time RT-PCR detection, including a process control. Naturally contaminated pork liver samples containing two different amounts of HEV and a HEV-negative pork liver sample were tested by all laboratories using the method. Results: Valid results were retrieved from 10 laboratories. A specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 79% were calculated for the method. False negative results were only retrieved from the sample containing very low HEV amounts near the detection limit. Conclusions: The results show that the method is highly specific, sufficiently sensitive and robust for use in different laboratories. The method can, therefore, be applied to routine food control as well as in monitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Trojnar
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (E.T.); (N.A.)
| | - Matthias Contzen
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt Stuttgart, 70736 Fellbach, Germany;
| | - Dominik Moor
- Bundesamt für Lebensmittelsicherheit und Veterinärwesen, 3003 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Anja Carl
- Bayrisches Landesamt für Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;
| | | | - Jochen Kilwinski
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt Westfalen, 59821 Arnsberg, Germany; (J.K.); (S.M.)
| | | | - Sascha Mormann
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt Westfalen, 59821 Arnsberg, Germany; (J.K.); (S.M.)
| | - Ulrich Schotte
- Zentrales Institut des Sanitätsdienstes der Bundeswehr Kiel, 24119 Kronshagen, Germany;
| | - Anne Kontek
- Niedersächsisches Landesamt für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit, 26133 Oldenburg, Germany;
| | - Nadine Althof
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (E.T.); (N.A.)
| | - Dietrich Mäde
- Landesamt für Verbraucherschutz Sachsen-Anhalt, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Reimar Johne
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (E.T.); (N.A.)
- Correspondence:
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Althof N, Trojnar E, Böhm T, Burkhardt S, Carl A, Contzen M, Kilwinski J, Mergemeier S, Moor D, Mäde D, Johne R. Interlaboratory Validation of a Method for Hepatitis E Virus RNA Detection in Meat and Meat Products. Food Environ Virol 2019; 11:1-8. [PMID: 30465253 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-018-9360-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Increasing numbers of hepatitis E cases are currently recognized in many European countries. The zoonotic hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3 mainly circulates in domestic pigs and wild boars, and can be transmitted to humans via consumption of insufficiently heated meat or meat products produced from those animals. Here, a detailed protocol for detection of HEV RNA in meat products is provided, which is based on the method originally described by Szabo et al. (Intl J Food Microbiol 215:149-156, 2015). It consists of a TRI Reagent®/chloroform-based food matrix homogenization, a silica bead-based RNA extraction and a real-time RT-PCR-based RNA detection. The method was further validated in a ring trial with nine independent laboratories using pork liver sausage samples artificially contaminated with different amounts of HEV. The results indicate sufficient sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the method for its broad future use in survey studies, routine food control or outbreak investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Althof
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eva Trojnar
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Böhm
- Landesbetrieb Hessisches Landeslabor, Kassel, Germany
| | | | - Anja Carl
- Bayrisches Landesamt für Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Contzen
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt Stuttgart, Fellbach, Germany
| | - Jochen Kilwinski
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt Westfalen, Arnsberg, Germany
| | | | - Dominik Moor
- Bundesamt für Lebensmittelsicherheit und Veterinärwesen, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dietrich Mäde
- Landesamt für Verbraucherschutz Sachsen-Anhalt, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Reimar Johne
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany.
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Althof N, Goetzke CC, Kespohl M, Voss K, Heuser A, Pinkert S, Kaya Z, Klingel K, Beling A. The immunoproteasome-specific inhibitor ONX 0914 reverses susceptibility to acute viral myocarditis. EMBO Mol Med 2018; 10:200-218. [PMID: 29295868 PMCID: PMC5801517 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201708089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe heart pathology upon virus infection is closely associated with the immunological equipment of the host. Since there is no specific treatment available, current research focuses on identifying new drug targets to positively modulate predisposing immune factors. Utilizing a murine model with high susceptibility to coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis, this study describes ONX 0914-an immunoproteasome-specific inhibitor-as highly protective during severe heart disease. Represented by reduced heart infiltration of monocytes/macrophages and diminished organ damage, ONX 0914 treatment reversed fulminant pathology. Virus-induced immune response features like overwhelming pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production as well as a progressive loss of lymphocytes all being reminiscent of a sepsis-like disease course were prevented by ONX 0914. Although the viral burden was only minimally affected in highly susceptible mice, resulting maintenance of immune homeostasis improved the cardiac output, and saved animals from severe illness as well as high mortality. Altogether, this could make ONX 0914 a potent drug for the treatment of severe virus-mediated inflammation of the heart and might rank immunoproteasome inhibitors among drugs for preventing pathogen-induced immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Althof
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Biochemistry, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner side Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carl Christoph Goetzke
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Biochemistry, Berlin, Germany
| | - Meike Kespohl
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Biochemistry, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner side Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karolin Voss
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Biochemistry, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arnd Heuser
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandra Pinkert
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Biochemistry, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ziya Kaya
- Medizinische Klinik für Innere Medizin III: Kardiologie, Angiologie und Pneumologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner side Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karin Klingel
- Cardiopathology, Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Antje Beling
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Biochemistry, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner side Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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9
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Gast M, Schroen B, Voigt A, Haas J, Kuehl U, Lassner D, Skurk C, Escher F, Wang X, Kratzer A, Michalik K, Papageorgiou A, Peters T, Loebel M, Wilk S, Althof N, Prasanth KV, Katus H, Meder B, Nakagawa S, Scheibenbogen C, Schultheiss HP, Landmesser U, Dimmeler S, Heymans S, Poller W. Long noncoding RNA MALAT1-derived mascRNA is involved in cardiovascular innate immunity. J Mol Cell Biol 2016; 8:178-81. [PMID: 26823496 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjw003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Gast
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Blanche Schroen
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Antje Voigt
- Institute of Biochemistry, Campus Charite Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Haas
- Otto-Meyerhof-Centrum, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany Medizinische Klinik, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe Kuehl
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany Institute for Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy (IKDT), Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk Lassner
- Institute for Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy (IKDT), Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Skurk
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felicitas Escher
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany Institute for Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy (IKDT), Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Adelheid Kratzer
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Michalik
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Anna Papageorgiou
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Tim Peters
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Madlen Loebel
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany Berlin Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabrina Wilk
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadine Althof
- Institute of Biochemistry, Campus Charite Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kannanganattu V Prasanth
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hugo Katus
- Otto-Meyerhof-Centrum, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany Medizinische Klinik, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Meder
- Otto-Meyerhof-Centrum, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany Medizinische Klinik, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- RNA Biology Laboratory, RIKEN Advanced Research Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Carmen Scheibenbogen
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany Berlin Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heinz-Peter Schultheiss
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany DZHK, Site Rhein-Main, Germany
| | - Stephane Heymans
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Wolfgang Poller
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany Berlin Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Berlin, Germany
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10
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Paeschke A, Possehl A, Klingel K, Voss M, Voss K, Kespohl M, Sauter M, Overkleeft HS, Althof N, Garlanda C, Voigt A. The immunoproteasome controls the availability of the cardioprotective pattern recognition molecule Pentraxin3. Eur J Immunol 2015; 46:619-33. [PMID: 26578407 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201545892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte death as a result of viral infection is an excellent model for dissecting the inflammatory stress response that occurs in heart tissue. We reported earlier that a specific proteasome isoform, the immunoproteasome, prevents exacerbation of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced myocardial destruction and preserves cell vitality in heart tissue inflammation. Following the aim to decipher molecular targets of immunoproteasome-dependent proteolysis, we investigated the function and regulation of the soluble PRR Pentraxin3 (PTX3). We show that the ablation of PTX3 in mice aggravated CVB3-triggered inflammatory injury of heart tissue, without having any significant effect on viral titers. Thus, there might be a role of PTX3 in preventing damage-associated molecular pattern-induced cell death. We found that the catalytic activity of the immunoproteasome subunit LMP7 regulates the timely availability of factors controlling PTX3 production. We report on immunoproteasome-dependent alteration of ERK1/2 and p38MAPKs, which were both found to be involved in PTX3 expression control. Our finding of a cardioprotective function of immunoproteasome-dependent PTX3 expression revealed a crucial mechanism of the stress-induced damage response in myocardial inflammation. In addition to antigen presentation and cytokine production, proteolysis by the immunoproteasome can also regulate the innate immune response during viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Paeschke
- Institut für Biochemie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Possehl
- Institut für Biochemie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karin Klingel
- Institut für Molekulare Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Voss
- Institut für Biochemie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Side Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karolin Voss
- Institut für Biochemie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Meike Kespohl
- Institut für Biochemie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Side Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Sauter
- Institut für Molekulare Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Nadine Althof
- Institut für Biochemie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Side Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Antje Voigt
- Institut für Biochemie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Side Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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