1
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Coffey NJ, Simon MC. Metabolic alterations in hereditary and sporadic renal cell carcinoma. Nat Rev Nephrol 2024; 20:233-250. [PMID: 38253811 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00800-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Kidney cancer is the seventh leading cause of cancer in the world, and its incidence is on the rise. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common form and is a heterogeneous disease comprising three major subtypes that vary in their histology, clinical course and driver mutations. These subtypes include clear cell RCC, papillary RCC and chromophobe RCC. Molecular analyses of hereditary and sporadic forms of RCC have revealed that this complex and deadly disease is characterized by metabolic pathway alterations in cancer cells that lead to deregulated oxygen and nutrient sensing, as well as impaired tricarboxylic acid cycle activity. These metabolic changes facilitate tumour growth and survival. Specifically, studies of the metabolic features of RCC have led to the discovery of oncometabolites - fumarate and succinate - that can promote tumorigenesis, moonlighting functions of enzymes, and substrate auxotrophy owing to the disruption of pathways that enable the production of arginine and cholesterol. These metabolic alterations within RCC can be exploited to identify new therapeutic targets and interventions, in combination with novel approaches that minimize the systemic toxicity of metabolic inhibitors and reduce the risk of drug resistance owing to metabolic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J Coffey
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M Celeste Simon
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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2
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Riscal R, Gardner SM, Coffey NJ, Carens M, Mesaros C, Xu JP, Xue Y, Davis L, Demczyszyn S, Vogt A, Olia A, Finan JM, Godfrey J, Schultz DC, Blair IA, Keith B, Marmorstein R, Skuli N, Simon MC. Bile acid metabolism mediates cholesterol homeostasis and promotes tumorigenesis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Res 2024:734977. [PMID: 38417134 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) incidence has risen steadily over the last decade. Elevated lipid uptake and storage is required for ccRCC cell viability. As stored cholesterol is the most abundant component in ccRCC intracellular lipid droplets, it may also play an important role in ccRCC cellular homeostasis. In support of this hypothesis, ccRCC cells acquire exogenous cholesterol through the HDL receptor SCARB1, inhibition or suppression of which induces apoptosis. Here, we showed that elevated expression of 3 beta-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase type 7 (HSD3B7), which metabolizes cholesterol-derived oxysterols in the bile acid biosynthetic pathway, is also essential for ccRCC cell survival. Development of an HSD3B7 enzymatic assay and screening for small molecule inhibitors uncovered the compound celastrol as a potent HSD3B7 inhibitor with low micromolar activity. Repressing HSD3B7 expression genetically or treating ccRCC cells with celastrol resulted in toxic oxysterol accumulation, impaired proliferation, and increased apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. These data demonstrate that bile acid synthesis regulates cholesterol homeostasis in ccRCC and identifies HSD3B7 as a plausible therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jimmy P Xu
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yizheng Xue
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Leah Davis
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - Austin Vogt
- Spark Therapeutics (United States), Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Adam Olia
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jennifer M Finan
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Jason Godfrey
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - Ian A Blair
- Raymond and Ruth Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Brian Keith
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ronen Marmorstein
- Raymond and Ruth Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Nicolas Skuli
- Raymond and Ruth Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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3
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Alexander KA, Yu R, Skuli N, Coffey NJ, Nguyen S, Faunce C, Huang H, Dardani IP, Good AL, Lim J, Li C, Biddle N, Joyce EF, Raj A, Lee D, Keith B, Simon MC, Berger SL. Nuclear speckles regulate HIF-2α programs and correlate with patient survival in kidney cancer. bioRxiv 2023:2023.09.14.557228. [PMID: 37745397 PMCID: PMC10515914 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.14.557228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear speckles are membrane-less bodies within the cell nucleus enriched in RNA biogenesis, processing, and export factors. In this study we investigated speckle phenotype variation in human cancer, finding a reproducible speckle signature, based on RNA expression of speckle-resident proteins, across >20 cancer types. Of these, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) exhibited a clear correlation between the presence of this speckle expression signature, imaging-based speckle phenotype, and clinical outcomes. ccRCC is typified by hyperactivation of the HIF-2α transcription factor, and we demonstrate here that HIF-2α drives physical association of a select subset of its target genes with nuclear speckles. Disruption of HIF-2α-driven speckle association via deletion of its speckle targeting motifs (STMs)-defined in this study-led to defective induction of speckle-associating HIF-2α target genes without impacting non-speckle-associating HIF-2α target genes. We further identify the RNA export complex, TREX, as being specifically altered in speckle signature, and knockdown of key TREX component, ALYREF, also compromises speckle-associated gene expression. By integrating tissue culture functional studies with tumor genomic and imaging analysis, we show that HIF-2α gene regulatory programs are impacted by specific manipulation of speckle phenotype and by abrogation of speckle targeting abilities of HIF-2α. These findings suggest that, in ccRCC, a key biological function of nuclear speckles is to modulate expression of a specific subset of HIF-2α-regulated target genes that, in turn, influence patient outcomes. We also identify STMs in other transcription factors, suggesting that DNA-speckle targeting may be a general mechanism of gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Alexander
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ruofan Yu
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nicolas Skuli
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Stem Cell and Xenograft Core, Department of Medicine – Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nathan J. Coffey
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Son Nguyen
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christine Faunce
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hua Huang
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ian P. Dardani
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Austin L. Good
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joan Lim
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Catherine Li
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nicholas Biddle
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Eric F. Joyce
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Arjun Raj
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniel Lee
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA 19104, USA
| | - Brian Keith
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - M. Celeste Simon
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shelley L. Berger
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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4
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Iyer MR, Cinar R, Wood CM, Zawatsky CN, Coffey NJ, Kim KA, Liu Z, Katz A, Abdalla J, Hassan SA, Lee YS. Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Modeling Studies of 3,4-Diarylpyrazoline Series of Compounds as Potent, Nonbrain Penetrant Antagonists of Cannabinoid-1 (CB 1R) Receptor with Reduced Lipophilicity. J Med Chem 2022; 65:2374-2387. [PMID: 35084860 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the present report, we describe the synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel "four-arm" dihydropyrazoline compounds designed as peripherally restricted antagonists of cannabinoid-1 receptor (CB1R). A series of racemic 3,4-diarylpyrazolines were synthesized and evaluated initially in CB1 receptor binding assays. The novel compounds, designed to limit brain penetrance and decreased lipophilicity, showed high affinity for CB1R and potent in vitro CB1R antagonist activities. Promising compounds with potent CB1R activity were evaluated in tissue distribution studies. Compounds 6a, 6f, and 7c showed limited brain penetrance attesting to its peripheral restriction. The 4S-enantiomer of these compounds further showed a stereoselective affinity for the CB1 receptor and behaved as inverse agonists. In vivo studies on food intake and body weight reduction in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice showed that these compounds could serve as potential leads for the development of selective CB1R antagonists with improved potency and peripheral restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malliga R Iyer
- Section on Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Resat Cinar
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Casey M Wood
- Section on Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Charles N Zawatsky
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Nathan J Coffey
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Kyu Ah Kim
- Section on Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Alexis Katz
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Jasmina Abdalla
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Sergio A Hassan
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Yong-Sok Lee
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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5
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Wu J, Raman A, Coffey NJ, Sheng X, Wahba J, Seasock MJ, Ma Z, Beckerman P, Laczkó D, Palmer MB, Kopp JB, Kuo JJ, Pullen SS, Boustany-Kari CM, Linkermann A, Susztak K. The key role of NLRP3 and STING in APOL1-associated podocytopathy. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:136329. [PMID: 34651582 DOI: 10.1172/jci136329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coding variants in apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1), termed G1 and G2, can explain most excess kidney disease risk in African Americans; however, the molecular pathways of APOL1-induced kidney dysfunction remain poorly understood. Here, we report that expression of G2 APOL1 in the podocytes of Nphs1rtTA/TRE-G2APOL1 (G2APOL1) mice leads to early activation of the cytosolic nucleotide sensor, stimulator of interferon genes (STING), and the NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. STING and NLRP3 expression was increased in podocytes from patients with high-risk APOL1 genotypes, and expression of APOL1 correlated with caspase-1 and gasdermin D (GSDMD) levels. To demonstrate the role of NLRP3 and STING in APOL1-associated kidney disease, we generated transgenic mice with the G2 APOL1 risk variant and genetic deletion of Nlrp3 (G2APOL1/Nlrp3 KO), Gsdmd (G2APOL1/Gsdmd KO), and STING (G2APOL1/STING KO). Knockout mice displayed marked reduction in albuminuria, azotemia, and kidney fibrosis compared with G2APOL1 mice. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of targeting NLRP3, GSDMD, and STING, we treated mice with MCC950, disulfiram, and C176, potent and selective inhibitors of NLRP3, GSDMD, and STING, respectively. G2APOL1 mice treated with MCC950, disulfiram, and C176 showed lower albuminuria and improved kidney function even when inhibitor treatment was initiated after the development of albuminuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Wu
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Archana Raman
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nathan J Coffey
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xin Sheng
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joseph Wahba
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew J Seasock
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ziyuan Ma
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pazit Beckerman
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dorottya Laczkó
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew B Palmer
- Department of Pathology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeffrey B Kopp
- Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jay J Kuo
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut, USA
| | - Steven S Pullen
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Andreas Linkermann
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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6
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Cinar R, Park JK, Zawatsky CN, Coffey NJ, Bodine SP, Abdalla J, Yokoyama T, Jourdan T, Jay L, Zuo MXG, O'Brien KJ, Huang J, Mackie K, Alimardanov A, Iyer MR, Gahl WA, Kunos G, Gochuico BR, Malicdan MCV. CB 1 R and iNOS are distinct players promoting pulmonary fibrosis in Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e471. [PMID: 34323400 PMCID: PMC8255071 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a rare genetic disorder which, in its most common and severe form, HPS-1, leads to fatal adult-onset pulmonary fibrosis (PF) with no effective treatment. We evaluated the role of the endocannabinoid/CB1 R system and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) for dual-target therapeutic strategy using human bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), lung samples from patients with HPS and controls, HPS-PF patient-derived lung fibroblasts, and bleomycin-induced PF in pale ear mice (HPS1ep/ep ). We found overexpression of CB1 R and iNOS in fibrotic lungs of HPSPF patients and bleomycin-infused pale ear mice. The endocannabinoid anandamide was elevated in BALF and negatively correlated with pulmonary function parameters in HPSPF patients and pale ear mice with bleomycin-induced PF. Simultaneous targeting of CB1 R and iNOS by MRI-1867 yielded greater antifibrotic efficacy than inhibiting either target alone by attenuating critical pathologic pathways. Moreover, MRI-1867 treatment abrogated bleomycin-induced increases in lung levels of the profibrotic interleukin-11 via iNOS inhibition and reversed mitochondrial dysfunction via CB1 R inhibition. Dual inhibition of CB1 R and iNOS is an effective antifibrotic strategy for HPSPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Resat Cinar
- Section on Fibrotic DisordersNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of HealthMarylandUSA
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Joshua K. Park
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Charles N. Zawatsky
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Nathan J. Coffey
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Steven P. Bodine
- Section of Human Biochemical GeneticsMedical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Jasmina Abdalla
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Tadafumi Yokoyama
- Section of Human Biochemical GeneticsMedical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
- Present address:
Department of PediatricsKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Tony Jourdan
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
- Present address:
INSERM Lipids, Nutrition, Cancer UMR1231University of Burgundy and Franche‐ComtéDijonFrance
| | - Lindsey Jay
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Mei Xing G. Zuo
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Kevin J. O'Brien
- Section of Human Biochemical GeneticsMedical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Junfeng Huang
- Therapeutics Development BranchDivision of Preclinical InnovationNational Center for Advancing Translational SciencesNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Ken Mackie
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
| | - Asaf Alimardanov
- Therapeutics Development BranchDivision of Preclinical InnovationNational Center for Advancing Translational SciencesNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Malliga R. Iyer
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - William A. Gahl
- Section of Human Biochemical GeneticsMedical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical DirectorNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - George Kunos
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Bernadette R. Gochuico
- Section of Human Biochemical GeneticsMedical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - May Christine V. Malicdan
- Section of Human Biochemical GeneticsMedical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical DirectorNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
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7
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Abstract
The study of cancer cell metabolism has traditionally focused on glycolysis and glutaminolysis. However, lipidomic technologies have matured considerably over the last decade and broadened our understanding of how lipid metabolism is relevant to cancer biology [1-3]. Studies now suggest that the reprogramming of cellular lipid metabolism contributes directly to malignant transformation and progression [4, 5]. For example, de novo lipid synthesis can supply proliferating tumor cells with phospholipid components that comprise the plasma and organelle membranes of new daughter cells [6, 7]. Moreover, the upregulation of mitochondrial β-oxidation can support tumor cell energetics and redox homeostasis [8], while lipid-derived messengers can regulate major signaling pathways or coordinate immunosuppressive mechanisms [9-11]. Lipid metabolism has, therefore, become implicated in a variety of oncogenic processes, including metastatic colonization, drug resistance, and cell differentiation [10, 12-16]. However, whether we can safely and effectively modulate the underlying mechanisms of lipid metabolism for cancer therapy is still an open question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua K Park
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nathan J Coffey
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aaron Limoges
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne Le
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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8
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Liu Z, Iyer MR, Godlewski G, Jourdan T, Liu J, Coffey NJ, Zawatsky CN, Puhl HL, Wess J, Meister J, Liow JS, Innis RB, Hassan SA, Lee YS, Kunos G, Cinar R. Functional Selectivity of a Biased Cannabinoid-1 Receptor (CB 1R) Antagonist. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:1175-1187. [PMID: 34151207 PMCID: PMC8204328 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.1c00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Seven-transmembrane receptors signal via G-protein- and β-arrestin-dependent pathways. We describe a peripheral CB1R antagonist (MRI-1891) highly biased toward inhibiting CB1R-induced β-arrestin-2 (βArr2) recruitment over G-protein activation. In obese wild-type and βArr2-knockout (KO) mice, MRI-1891 treatment reduces food intake and body weight without eliciting anxiety even at a high dose causing partial brain CB1R occupancy. By contrast, the unbiased global CB1R antagonist rimonabant elicits anxiety in both strains, indicating no βArr2 involvement. Interestingly, obesity-induced muscle insulin resistance is improved by MRI-1891 in wild-type but not in βArr2-KO mice. In C2C12 myoblasts, CB1R activation suppresses insulin-induced akt-2 phosphorylation, preventable by MRI-1891, βArr2 knockdown or overexpression of CB1R-interacting protein. MRI-1891, but not rimonabant, interacts with nonpolar residues on the N-terminal loop, including F108, and on transmembrane helix-1, including S123, a combination that facilitates βArr2 bias. Thus, CB1R promotes muscle insulin resistance via βArr2 signaling, selectively mitigated by a biased CB1R antagonist at reduced risk of central nervous system (CNS) side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Liu
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies and Section on Cellular Biophotonics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-9304, United States
| | - Malliga R Iyer
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies and Section on Cellular Biophotonics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-9304, United States
| | - Grzegorz Godlewski
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies and Section on Cellular Biophotonics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-9304, United States
| | - Tony Jourdan
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies and Section on Cellular Biophotonics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-9304, United States
| | - Jie Liu
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies and Section on Cellular Biophotonics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-9304, United States
| | - Nathan J Coffey
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies and Section on Cellular Biophotonics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-9304, United States
| | - Charles N Zawatsky
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies and Section on Cellular Biophotonics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-9304, United States
| | - Henry L Puhl
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies and Section on Cellular Biophotonics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-9304, United States
| | - Jürgen Wess
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute on Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0001, United States
| | - Jaroslawna Meister
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute on Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0001, United States
| | - Jeih-San Liow
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-9663, United States
| | - Robert B Innis
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-9663, United States
| | - Sergio A Hassan
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Yong Sok Lee
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - George Kunos
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies and Section on Cellular Biophotonics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-9304, United States
| | - Resat Cinar
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies and Section on Cellular Biophotonics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-9304, United States
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Park JK, Coffey NJ, Bodine SP, Zawatsky CN, Jay L, Gahl WA, Kunos G, Gochuico BR, Malicdan MCV, Cinar R. Bleomycin Induces Drug Efflux in Lungs. A Pitfall for Pharmacological Studies of Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 62:178-190. [PMID: 31419911 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0147oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are evolutionarily conserved membrane proteins that pump a variety of endogenous substrates across cell membranes. Certain subfamilies are known to interact with pharmaceutical compounds, potentially influencing drug delivery and treatment efficacy. However, the role of drug resistance-associated ABC transporters has not been examined in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) or its animal model: the bleomycin (BLM)-induced murine model. Here, we investigate the expression of two ABC transporters, P-gp (permeability glycoprotein) and BCRP (breast cancer resistance protein), in human IPF lung tissue and two different BLM-induced mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis. We obtained human IPF specimens from patients during lung transplantation and administered BLM to male C57BL/6J mice either by oropharyngeal aspiration (1 U/kg) or subcutaneous osmotic infusion (100 U/kg over 7 d). We report that P-gp and BCRP expression in lungs of patients with IPF was comparable to controls. However, murine lungs expressed increased levels of P-gp and BCRP after oropharyngeal and subcutaneous BLM administration. We localized this upregulation to multiple pulmonary cell types, including alveolar fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and type 2 epithelial cells. Functionally, this effect reduced murine lung exposure to nintedanib, a U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved IPF therapy known to be a P-gp substrate. The study reveals a discrepancy between IPF pathophysiology and the common animal model of lung fibrosis. BLM-induced drug efflux in the murine lungs may present an uncontrolled confounding variable in the preclinical study of IPF drug candidates, and these findings will facilitate disease model validation and enhance new drug discoveries that will ultimately improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua K Park
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland; and
| | - Nathan J Coffey
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland; and
| | - Steven P Bodine
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, and
| | - Charles N Zawatsky
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland; and
| | - Lindsey Jay
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland; and
| | - William A Gahl
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, and.,NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - George Kunos
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland; and
| | - Bernadette R Gochuico
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, and
| | - May Christine V Malicdan
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, and.,NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Resat Cinar
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland; and
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10
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Godlewski G, Cinar R, Coffey NJ, Liu J, Jourdan T, Mukhopadhyay B, Chedester L, Liu Z, Osei-Hyiaman D, Iyer MR, Park JK, Smith RG, Iwakura H, Kunos G. Targeting Peripheral CB 1 Receptors Reduces Ethanol Intake via a Gut-Brain Axis. Cell Metab 2019; 29:1320-1333.e8. [PMID: 31105045 PMCID: PMC6551287 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Endocannabinoids acting on the cannabinoid-1 receptor (CB1R) or ghrelin acting on its receptor (GHS-R1A) both promote alcohol-seeking behavior, but an interaction between the two signaling systems has not been explored. Here, we report that the peripheral CB1R inverse agonist JD5037 reduces ethanol drinking in wild-type mice but not in mice lacking CB1R, ghrelin peptide or GHS-R1A. JD5037 treatment of alcohol-drinking mice inhibits the formation of biologically active octanoyl-ghrelin without affecting its inactive precursor desacyl-ghrelin. In ghrelin-producing stomach cells, JD5037 reduced the level of the substrate octanoyl-carnitine generated from palmitoyl-carnitine by increasing fatty acid β-oxidation. Blocking gastric vagal afferents abrogated the ability of either CB1R or GHS-R1A blockade to reduce ethanol drinking. We conclude that blocking CB1R in ghrelin-producing cells reduces alcohol drinking by inhibiting the formation of active ghrelin and its signaling via gastric vagal afferents. Thus, peripheral CB1R blockade may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Godlewski
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Resat Cinar
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nathan J Coffey
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jie Liu
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tony Jourdan
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bani Mukhopadhyay
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lee Chedester
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Douglas Osei-Hyiaman
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Malliga R Iyer
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Joshua K Park
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Roy G Smith
- Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Hiroshi Iwakura
- Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - George Kunos
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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11
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Iyer MR, Cinar R, Coffey NJ, Kunos G. Cover Image. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Iyer MR, Cinar R, Coffey NJ, Kunos G. Synthesis of 13 C 6 -labeled, dual-target inhibitor of cannabinoid-1 receptor (CB 1 R) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2018; 61:773-779. [PMID: 29790591 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cannabinoid-1 receptor (CB1 R) antagonists/inverse agonists have great potential in the treatment of metabolic disorders like dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Cannabinoid-1 receptor inverse agonists have also been reported to be effective in mitigating fibrotic disorders in murine models. Inducible nitric oxide synthase is another promising target implicated in fibrotic and inflammatory disorders. We have disclosed MRI-1867 as a potent and selective, peripherally acting dual-target inhibitor of the CB1 R and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Herein, we report the synthesis of [13 C6 ]-MRI-1867 as a racemate from commercially available chlorobenzene-13 C6 as the starting, stable-isotope label reagent. The racemic [13 C6 ]-MRI-1867 was further processed to the stable-isotope-labeled enantiopure compounds using chiral chromatography. Both racemic [13 C6 ]-MRI-1867 and S-13 C6 -MRI-1867 will be used to quantitate unlabeled S-MRI-1867 during clinical drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics studies and will be used as a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malliga R Iyer
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Resat Cinar
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Nathan J Coffey
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - George Kunos
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
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13
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Jourdan T, Park JK, Varga ZV, Pálóczi J, Coffey NJ, Rosenberg AZ, Godlewski G, Cinar R, Mackie K, Pacher P, Kunos G. Cannabinoid-1 receptor deletion in podocytes mitigates both glomerular and tubular dysfunction in a mouse model of diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes Obes Metab 2018; 20:698-708. [PMID: 29106063 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the specific role of podocyte-expressed cannabinoid-1 receptor (CB1 R) in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN), relative to CB1 R in other renal cell types. MATERIAL AND METHODS We developed a mouse model with a podocyte-specific deletion of CB1 R (pCB1Rko) and challenged this model with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type-1 DN. We also assessed the podocyte response to high glucose in vitro and its effects on CB1 R activation. RESULTS High glucose exposure for 48 hours led to an increase in CB1 R gene expression (CNR1) and endocannabinoid production in cultured human podocytes. This was associated with podocyte injury, reflected by decreased podocin and nephrin expression. These changes could be prevented by Cnr1-silencing, thus identifying CB1R as a key player in podocyte injury. After 12 weeks of chronic hyperglycaemia, STZ-treated pCB1Rko mice showed elevated blood glucose similar to that of their wild-type littermates. However, they displayed less albuminuria and less podocyte loss than STZ-treated wild-type mice. Unexpectedly, pCB1Rko mice also have milder tubular dysfunction, fibrosis and reduction of cortical microcirculation compared to wild-type controls, which is mediated, in part, by podocyte-derived endocannabinoids acting via CB1 R on proximal tubular cells. CONCLUSIONS Activation of CB1 R in podocytes contributes to both glomerular and tubular dysfunction in type-1 DN, which highlights the therapeutic potential of peripheral CB1 R blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Jourdan
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joshua K Park
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Zoltán V Varga
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, NIH/NIAAA, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - János Pálóczi
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, NIH/NIAAA, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nathan J Coffey
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Avi Z Rosenberg
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Kidney Diseases Section, National Institute on Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Grzegorz Godlewski
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Resat Cinar
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ken Mackie
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Pal Pacher
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, NIH/NIAAA, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - George Kunos
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
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14
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Park JK, Coffey NJ, Limoges A, Le A. The Heterogeneity of Lipid Metabolism in Cancer. The Heterogeneity of Cancer Metabolism 2018; 1063:33-55. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-77736-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Jourdan T, Nicoloro SM, Zhou Z, Shen Y, Liu J, Coffey NJ, Cinar R, Godlewski G, Gao B, Aouadi M, Czech MP, Kunos G. Decreasing CB 1 receptor signaling in Kupffer cells improves insulin sensitivity in obese mice. Mol Metab 2017; 6:1517-1528. [PMID: 29107297 PMCID: PMC5681272 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Obesity-induced accumulation of ectopic fat in the liver is thought to contribute to the development of insulin resistance, and increased activity of hepatic CB1R has been shown to promote both processes. However, lipid accumulation in liver can be experimentally dissociated from insulin resistance under certain conditions, suggesting the involvement of additional mechanisms. Obesity is also associated with pro-inflammatory changes which, in turn, can promote insulin resistance. Kupffer cells (KCs), the liver's resident macrophages, are the major source of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the liver, such as TNF-α, which has been shown to inhibit insulin signaling in multiple cell types, including hepatocytes. Here, we sought to identify the role of CB1R in KCs in obesity-induced hepatic insulin resistance. Methods We used intravenously administered β-D-glucan-encapsulated siRNA to knock-down CB1R gene expression selectively in KCs. Results We demonstrate that a robust knock-down of the expression of Cnr1, the gene encoding CB1R, results in improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in diet-induced obese mice, without affecting hepatic lipid content or body weight. Moreover, Cnr1 knock-down in KCs was associated with a shift from pro-inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2 cytokine profile and improved insulin signaling as reflected by increased insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation. Conclusion These findings suggest that CB1R expressed in KCs plays a critical role in obesity-related hepatic insulin resistance via a pro-inflammatory mechanism. CB1R signaling promotes hepatic insulin resistance by promoting hepatic steatosis and hepatic inflammation. CB1R knock-down in liver macrophages (Kupffer cells, KCs) improves global insulin resistance and glucose homeostasis. CB1R expressed in KCs play a critical role in hepatic insulin resistance independent of ectopic fat in the liver or adipose tissue inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Jourdan
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20852, USA.
| | - Sarah M Nicoloro
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Yuefei Shen
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jie Liu
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Nathan J Coffey
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Resat Cinar
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Grzegorz Godlewski
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Bin Gao
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Myriam Aouadi
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Michael P Czech
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - George Kunos
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20852, USA.
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16
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Iyer MR, Cinar R, Coffey NJ, Chorvat RJ, Kunos G. Synthesis of S-2-((S)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-N'-((4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl)-4-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carboximidamido)-3-(methyl-d 3 )butanamide-d 5 , octadeuterated JD5037. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2017; 60:460-465. [PMID: 28545167 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
JD5037 (1) is a potent and selective, peripherally acting inverse agonist of the cannabinoid (CB1 R) receptor. Peripheral CB1 receptor antagonists/inverse agonists have great potential in the treatment of metabolic disorders like type 2 diabetes, obesity, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. We report the synthesis of octadeuterated [2 H8 ]-JD5037 (S, S) (8) along with its (S, R) diastereomer (13) from commercially available L-valine-d8 starting material. The [2 H8 ]-JD5037 compound will be used to quantitate unlabeled JD5037 during clinical ADME studies and will be used as an LC-MS/MS bioanalytical standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malliga R Iyer
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Resat Cinar
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Nathan J Coffey
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - George Kunos
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
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17
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Cinar R, Gochuico BR, Iyer MR, Jourdan T, Yokoyama T, Park JK, Coffey NJ, Pri-Chen H, Szanda G, Liu Z, Mackie K, Gahl WA, Kunos G. Cannabinoid CB1 receptor overactivity contributes to the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. JCI Insight 2017; 2:92281. [PMID: 28422760 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.92281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a life-threatening disease without effective treatment, highlighting the need for identifying new targets and treatment modalities. The pathogenesis of IPF is complex, and engaging multiple targets simultaneously might improve therapeutic efficacy. To assess the role of the endocannabinoid/cannabinoid receptor 1 (endocannabinoid/CB1R) system in IPF and its interaction with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) as dual therapeutic targets, we analyzed lung fibrosis and the status of the endocannabinoid/CB1R system and iNOS in mice with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from patients with IPF, as well as controls. In addition, we investigated the antifibrotic efficacy in the mouse PF model of an orally bioavailable and peripherally restricted CB1R/iNOS hybrid inhibitor. We report that increased activity of the endocannabinoid/CB1R system parallels disease progression in the lungs of patients with idiopathic PF and in mice with bleomycin-induced PF and is associated with increased tissue levels of interferon regulatory factor-5. Furthermore, we demonstrate that simultaneous engagement of the secondary target iNOS by the hybrid CB1R/iNOS inhibitor has greater antifibrotic efficacy than inhibition of CB1R alone. This hybrid antagonist also arrests the progression of established fibrosis in mice, thus making it a viable candidate for future translational studies in IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Resat Cinar
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), and
| | - Bernadette R Gochuico
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Malliga R Iyer
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), and
| | - Tony Jourdan
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), and
| | - Tadafumi Yokoyama
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joshua K Park
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), and
| | - Nathan J Coffey
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), and
| | - Hadass Pri-Chen
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Gergő Szanda
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), and
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), and
| | - Ken Mackie
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - William A Gahl
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - George Kunos
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), and
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18
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Iyer MR, Cinar R, Katz A, Gao M, Erdelyi K, Jourdan T, Coffey NJ, Pacher P, Kunos G. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel, Non-Brain-Penetrant, Hybrid Cannabinoid CB 1R Inverse Agonist/Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) Inhibitors for the Treatment of Liver Fibrosis. J Med Chem 2017; 60:1126-1141. [PMID: 28085283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We report the design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships of novel dual-target compounds with antagonist/inverse agonist activity at cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) and inhibitory effect on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). A series of 3,4-diarylpyrazolinecarboximidamides were synthesized and evaluated in CB1 receptor (CB1R) binding assays and iNOS activity assays. The novel compounds, designed to have limited brain penetrance, elicited potent in vitro CB1R antagonist activities and iNOS inhibitory activities. Some key compounds displayed high CB1R binding affinities. Compound 7 demonstrated potent in vivo pharmacological activities such as reduction of food intake mediated by the antagonism of the CB1Rs and antifibrotic effect in the animal models of fibrosis mediated by iNOS inhibition and CB1R antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malliga R Iyer
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, and ‡Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health , 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Resat Cinar
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, and ‡Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health , 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Alexis Katz
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, and ‡Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health , 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Michael Gao
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, and ‡Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health , 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Katalin Erdelyi
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, and ‡Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health , 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Tony Jourdan
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, and ‡Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health , 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Nathan J Coffey
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, and ‡Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health , 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Pal Pacher
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, and ‡Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health , 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - George Kunos
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, and ‡Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health , 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
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Stark DA, Coffey NJ, Pancoast HR, Arnold LL, Walker JPD, Vallée J, Robitaille R, Garcia ML, Cornelison DDW. Ephrin-A3 promotes and maintains slow muscle fiber identity during postnatal development and reinnervation. J Cell Biol 2016; 211:1077-91. [PMID: 26644518 PMCID: PMC4674275 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201502036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
During neuromuscular junction maturation and repair, ephrin-A3 is expressed by all slow (Type I) fibers and only by slow fibers, and inhibits their innervation by fast motor axons via repulsive interactions with the ephrin-A3 receptor EphA8. Each adult mammalian skeletal muscle has a unique complement of fast and slow myofibers, reflecting patterns established during development and reinforced via their innervation by fast and slow motor neurons. Existing data support a model of postnatal "matching" whereby predetermined myofiber type identity promotes pruning of inappropriate motor axons, but no molecular mechanism has yet been identified. We present evidence that fiber type–specific repulsive interactions inhibit innervation of slow myofibers by fast motor axons during both postnatal maturation of the neuromuscular junction and myofiber reinnervation after injury. The repulsive guidance ligand ephrin-A3 is expressed only on slow myofibers, whereas its candidate receptor, EphA8, localizes exclusively to fast motor endplates. Adult mice lacking ephrin-A3 have dramatically fewer slow myofibers in fast and mixed muscles, and misexpression of ephrin-A3 on fast myofibers followed by denervation/reinnervation promotes their respecification to a slow phenotype. We therefore conclude that Eph/ephrin interactions guide the fiber type specificity of neuromuscular interactions during development and adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny A Stark
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Nathan J Coffey
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Hannah R Pancoast
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Laura L Arnold
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - J Peyton D Walker
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Joanne Vallée
- Département de Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Richard Robitaille
- Département de Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Michael L Garcia
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - D D W Cornelison
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
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