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Lee SC, Zhai Y, Li Z, Walter NP, Rose M, Heuser BJ, Z Y. Comparative Studies of the Structural and Transport Properties of Molten Salt FLiNaK Using the Machine-Learned Neural Network and Reparametrized Classical Forcefields. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:10562-10570. [PMID: 34496565 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c05608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite surging interest in molten salt reactors and thermal storage systems, knowledge of the physicochemical properties of molten salts are still inadequate due to demanding experiments that require high temperature, impurity control, and corrosion mitigation. Therefore, the ability to predict these properties for molten salts from first-principles computations is urgently needed. Herein, we developed and compared a machine-learned neural network force field (NNFF) and a reparametrized rigid ion model (RIM) for a prototypical molten salt LiF-NaF-KF (FLiNaK). We found that NNFF was able to reproduce both the structural and transport properties of the molten salt with first-principles accuracy and classical-MD computational efficiency. Furthermore, the correlation between the local atomic structures and the dynamics was identified by comparing with RIMs, suggesting the significance of polarization of anions implicitly embedded in the NNFF. This work demonstrated a computational framework that can facilitate the screening of molten salts with different chemical compositions, impurities, and additives, and at different thermodynamic conditions suitable for the next-generation nuclear reactors and thermal energy storage facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Chun Lee
- Department of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yanqin Zhai
- Department of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Zhixia Li
- Department of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Nathan P Walter
- Department of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Melissa Rose
- Division of Chemical and Fuel Cycle Technologies, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Brent J Heuser
- Department of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Y Z
- Department of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Moneypenny TP, Yang A, Walter NP, Woods TJ, Gray DL, Zhang Y, Moore JS. Product Distribution from Precursor Bite Angle Variation in Multitopic Alkyne Metathesis: Evidence for a Putative Kinetic Bottleneck. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:5825-5833. [PMID: 29672034 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b02184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the dynamic synthesis of covalent organic frameworks and molecular cages, the typical synthetic approach involves heuristic methods of discovery. While this approach has yielded many remarkable products, the ability to predict the structural outcome of subjecting a multitopic precursor to dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC) remains a challenge in the field. The synthesis of covalent organic cages is a prime example of this phenomenon, where precursors designed with the intention of affording a specific product may deviate dramatically when the DCC synthesis is attempted. As such, rational design principles are needed to accelerate discovery in cage synthesis using DCC. Herein, we test the hypothesis that precursor bite angle contributes significantly to the energy landscape and product distribution in multitopic alkyne metathesis (AM). By subjecting a series of precursors with varying bite angles to AM, we experimentally demonstrate that the product distribution, and convergence toward product formation, is strongly dependent on this geometric attribute. Surprisingly, we discovered that precursors with the ideal bite angle (60°) do not afford the most efficient pathway to the product. The systematic study reported here illustrates how seemingly minor adjustments in precursor geometry greatly affect the outcome of DCC systems. This research illustrates the importance of fine-tuning precursor geometric parameters in order to successfully realize desirable targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P Moneypenny
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Anna Yang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Nathan P Walter
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Department of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Toby J Woods
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Danielle L Gray
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Yang Zhang
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Department of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Jeffrey S Moore
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
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Moneypenny TP, Walter NP, Cai Z, Miao YR, Gray DL, Hinman JJ, Lee S, Zhang Y, Moore JS. Impact of Shape Persistence on the Porosity of Molecular Cages. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:3259-3264. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P. Moneypenny
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Nathan P. Walter
- Department
of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Zhikun Cai
- Department
of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yu-Run Miao
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Danielle L. Gray
- School
of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jordan J. Hinman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Semin Lee
- Beckman
Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department
of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman
Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jeffrey S. Moore
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman
Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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