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Siddiqui N, Charoenpong P. Outcomes of Double Lung and Combined Double Lung-Liver Transplant in Cystic Fibrosis Patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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2
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Siddiqui N, Faiyaz T, Tari VS. Ganga and Yamuna Rivers: Through the Lens of the National Green Tribunal. Nat Env Poll Tech 2022. [DOI: 10.46488/nept.2022.v21i04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the country’s extensive environmental jurisprudence and many historic rulings in which the courts have rescued worsening environmental situations, river (Ganga and Yamuna) water does not match the mandated minimum “bathing quality.” Rivers like the Ganga and Yamuna, which flow through numerous states and towns, would be in a different situation. Without strict monitoring and enforcement of the measures, no action plan can work. Punishment of defaulters can serve as deterrence while also instilling fear in other non-compliant enterprises. In comparison to environmental legislation, the NGT Act allows for substantially harsher fines and penalties. River rejuvenation plans must be carefully monitored to ensure that they do not suffer the same fate. Making action plans will not improve river water quality unless they are implemented with sincerity and consistency, as well as continuous monitoring and severe enforcement.
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Jiwani R, Wang J, Li C, Dennis B, Patel D, Gelfond J, Liu Q, Siddiqui N, Bess C, Monk S, Serra M, Espinoza S. A Behavioral Lifestyle Intervention to Improve Frailty in Overweight or Obese Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Feasibility Study. J Frailty Aging 2022; 11:74-82. [PMID: 35122094 PMCID: PMC8068458 DOI: 10.14283/jfa.2021.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) are more likely to be frail, which increases the risk for disability and mortality. OBJECTIVES To determine the feasibility of a behavioral lifestyle intervention, enhanced with mobile health technology for self-monitoring of diet and activity, to improve frailty in overweight/obese older adults (≥65 years) diagnosed with T2D. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Single arm, 6-month study of a behavioral lifestyle intervention in 20 overweight/obese (BMI>25) older adults (≥ 65 years) with self-reported T2D diagnosis who owned a smartphone. A Fitbit tracker was provided to all participants for self-monitoring of diet and physical activity. Our primary outcome of feasibility was measured by session attendance, adherence to Fitbit usage to self-monitor diet and physical activity, and study retention. Secondary outcomes included the preliminary efficacy of the intervention on frailty, physical function, quality of life, and T2D-related outcomes. RESULTS Eighteen participants completed the study. The mean age was 71.5 (SD ± 5.3) years, 56% were female, and half were Hispanic. At baseline, 13 (72%) were pre-frail, 4 (22%) were frail, and 1 (6%) were non-frail. At follow-up, frailty scores improved significantly from 1.61 ± 1.15 to 0.94 ± 0.94 (p=0.01) and bodyweight improved from 205.66 ± 45.52 lbs. to 198.33 ± 43.6 lbs. (p=<0.001). CONCLUSION This study provides evidence for the feasibility of a behavioral lifestyle intervention in overweight/obese older adults with T2D and preliminary results support its potential efficacy in improving frailty score.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Jiwani
- Rozmin Jiwani, PhD, RN, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, Phone: 210-450-8498, Fax: 210-567-5822,
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4
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Srivastava P, May-Miller H, Gilroy JA, Blackie K, Worku D, Siddiqui N, Tweddle A, Droney J, Gruber P. 1442O Proactive early palliative care referral for cancer patients in the intensive care unit: Implementing a novel “triggers” checklist. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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5
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Siddiqui N, Whitehouse K. P.83 Administration of low-molecular weight heparin following caesarean section for the prevention of venous thromboembolism. Int J Obstet Anesth 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2021.103081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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6
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Mohamed M, Rashid M, Farooq S, Siddiqui N, Parwani P, Shiers D, Thamman R, Gulati M, Shoaib A, Chew-Graham C, Mamas M. Acute myocardial infarction in several mental illness: a nationwide analysis of prevalence, management strategies and outcomes. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Severe mental illness (SMI) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. However, it is unclear whether SMI patients are just as likely to receive guideline-recommended therapy for AMI as those without mental illness.
Purpose
To examine national-level estimates of the prevalence, management strategies and in-hospital clinical outcomes of SMI patients presenting with AMI.
Methods
All AMI hospitalisations from the United States National Inpatient Sample were included, stratified by mental health status in to 5 groups: no-SMI, Schizophrenia, “Other non-organic psychoses” (ONOP), Bipolar Disorder and Major Depression. Multivariable logistic regression modelling was performed to examine the association between SMI subtypes and receipt of invasive management and subsequent in-hospital clinical outcomes, expressed as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results
Out of 6,968,777 AMI hospitalisations between 2004 and 2014, a total of 439,544 (6.5%) had an SMI diagnosis. The prevalence of SMI amongst the ACS population doubled over the study period (from 4.5% in 2004 to 9.5% in 2014), primarily due to an increase in Major Depression and Bipolar Disorder diagnoses. All SMI subtypes were less likely to receive coronary angiography and PCI, with the Schizophrenia group being at least odds of either procedure (aOR 0.46 95% CI 0.45, 0.48 and aOR 0.57 95% CI 0.55, 0.59, respectively). Although patients with Schizophrenia and ONOP experienced higher crude rates of in-hospital mortality and stroke compared to those without SMI, only Schizophrenia patients were associated with increased odds of mortality (aOR 1.10 95% CI 1.04, 1.16), while ONOP were the only group at increased odds of stroke (aOR 1.53 95% CI 1.42,1.65) following multivariate adjustment. Patients with ONOP were the only group associated with increased odds of in-hospital bleeding compared to those without SMI (aOR 1.11 95% CI 1.04,1.17).
Conclusion
Patients with SMI are less likely to receive invasive management for AMI, with women and schizophrenia diagnosis being the strongest predictors of conservative management. Schizophrenia and “other non-organic psychoses” are the only SMI subtypes associated with adverse clinical outcomes after AMI. A multidisciplinary approach between psychiatrists and cardiologists could improve outcomes of this high-risk population.
Odds of management and clinical outcomes
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mohamed
- Keele University, Cardiology, Keele, United Kingdom
| | - M Rashid
- Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom
| | - S Farooq
- Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom
| | - N Siddiqui
- Nevill Hall Hospital, Abergavenny, United Kingdom
| | - P Parwani
- Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, United States of America
| | - D Shiers
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - R Thamman
- UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - M Gulati
- University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, United States of America
| | - A Shoaib
- Keele University, Cardiology, Keele, United Kingdom
| | | | - M.A Mamas
- Keele University, Cardiology, Keele, United Kingdom
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7
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Zasso F, You-Ten K, Ryu M, Losyeva K, Tanwani J, Siddiqui N. Complications of cricothyrotomy and tracheostomy in emergency surgical airway management: a systematic review. Br J Anaesth 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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8
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Illahi Y, Siddiqui N, Nadeem M. WITHDRAWN: Diagnostic accuracy of folate receptor-positive circulating tumor cells detected by ligand-targeted polymerase chain reaction in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis. Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther 2020:S1658-3876(20)30035-2. [PMID: 32417031 DOI: 10.1016/j.hemonc.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal.
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9
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Malik AH, Siddiqui N, Shetty S, Godara A, Khan Z, El Accaoui R. P6535Atrial fibrillation and its impact in hospitalised cancer patients. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.1125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. However, its impact on outcomes of cancer patients is largely unknown. We sought to determine the prevalence and effect of AF on in-hospital outcomes of patients admitted with AF in the United States.
Methods
We obtained and analyzed data from Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS 2002- 2014). The study population included all adults (>18 years old) with the discharge diagnosis of cancer and the associated secondary diagnosis of AF. The associations of AF with in-hospital complications, procedures, discharge outcomes, and mortality, were analyzed after adjusting for potential confounders using logistic regression analyses.
Results
During the study period, 12,410,290 patients were admitted with cancer; of which, 1,013,735 (8.2%) had AF. Patients with AF were likely to be male (51.1% vs 42.7%), white (86.3% vs 73.6%), and had significantly higher rates comorbidities including hypertension (59.6% vs 44.6%), diabetes (20.9% vs 15.8%), heart failure (23.8% vs 4.5%), and stroke (1.3% vs 0.7%). Similarly, in-hospital complications (including infections, venous thromboembolism, gastrointestinal bleeding, myocardial infarction) and hospital procedures (including cardiac catheterization, intubation, blood transfusion, percutaneous coronary intervention) were found at a significantly higher rate in cancer patients with AF compared to without AF (p-value for all <0.0001). After adjusting for all confounding factors, cancer patients in the AF group had higher odds of in-hospital death (odds ratio, 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.23–1.28; P<0.0001). The presence of AF conferred on average three days of extra inpatient stay in patients with cancer. Mortality in the cancer patients admitted with a concomitant diagnosis of AF has gradually increased from 7.2% to 9.7% over the 13-year study period.
Table 1. Multivariate model showing Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor of inpatient mortality in cancer patients Unadjusted univariate model Multivariate model adjusted for age, sex, race and potential confounders* Odds ratio (95% confidence interval P-value Odds ratio (95% confidence interval P-value Discharged alive Reference Reference In-hospital mortality 2.08 (2.07, 2.10) <0.0001 1.26 (1.23, 1.28) <0.0001 *Confounders adjusted for include all clinical comorbidities and in-hospital complications and procedures.
Conclusions
In patients with cancer, AF confers significant in-hospital burden by increasing the hospital stay by 3 days. AF is also associated with significantly higher rates of in-hospital procedures and complications in cancer patients and is an independent risk factor of in-hospital mortality.
Acknowledgement/Funding
None
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Malik
- New York Medical College, Internal medicine, Valhalla, United States of America
| | - N Siddiqui
- Tufts Medical Center, Boston, United States of America
| | - S Shetty
- University of Iowa, Medicine, Iowa City, United States of America
| | - A Godara
- Tufts Medical Center, Boston, United States of America
| | - Z Khan
- Tufts Medical Center, Boston, United States of America
| | - R El Accaoui
- University of Iowa, Medicine, Iowa City, United States of America
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10
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Shakeel M, Abduulah S, Shahzad M, Mahmood T, Siddiqui N. Averaging aggregation operators with pythagorean trapezoidal fuzzy numbers and their application to group decision making. IFS 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-17238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Shakeel
- Department of Mathematics, Hazara University Mansehra, KPK, Pakistan
| | - S. Abduulah
- Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KPK, Pakistan
| | - M. Shahzad
- Department of Mathematics, Hazara University Mansehra, KPK, Pakistan
| | - T. Mahmood
- Department of Electronics Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Taxila Sub Campus, Chakwal, Pakistan
| | - N. Siddiqui
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of Engineering and Technology Taxila, Pakistan
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11
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Siddiqui N, Pramanik K. Improvement of cellular responses of genipin cross-linked chitosan/nano
β
-TCP composite scaffolds by surface modification with fibrin. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aacad1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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12
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Nadeem A, Al-Harbi NO, Ahmad SF, Ibrahim KE, Siddiqui N, Al-Harbi MM. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase inhibition attenuates acute lung injury through reduction in NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species. Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 191:279-287. [PMID: 29277898 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a heterogeneous disease with the hallmarks of alveolar capillary membrane injury, increased pulmonary oedema and pulmonary inflammation. The most common direct aetiological factor for ALI is usually parenchymal lung infection or haemorrhage. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX2) are thought to play an important role in the pathophysiology of ALI. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) plays an important role both in production of ROS as well as their removal through the supply of NADPH. However, how G6PD modulation affects NOX2-mediated ROS in the airway epithelial cells (AECs) during acute lung injury has not been explored previously. Therefore, we investigated the effect of G6PD inhibitor, 6-aminonicotinamide on G6PD activity, NOX2 expression, ROS production and enzymatic anti-oxidants in AECs in a mouse model of ALI induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). ALI led to increased G6PD activity in the AECs with concomitant elevation of NOX2, ROS, SOD1 and nitrotyrosine. G6PD inhibitor led to reduction of LPS-induced airway inflammation, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid protein concentration as well as NOX2-derived ROS and subsequent oxidative stress. Conversely, ALI led to decreased glutathione reductase activity in AECs, which was normalized by G6PD inhibitor. These data show that activation of G6PD is associated with enhancement of oxidative inflammation in during ALI. Therefore, inhibition of G6PD might be a beneficial strategy during ALI to limit oxidative damage and ameliorate airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - N O Al-Harbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - K E Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - N Siddiqui
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - M M Al-Harbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Abstract
Intracellular transport along microtubules enables cellular cargoes to efficiently reach the extremities of large, eukaryotic cells. While it would take more than 200 years for a small vesicle to diffuse from the cell body to the growing tip of a one-meter long axon, transport by a kinesin allows delivery in one week. It is clear from this example that the evolution of intracellular transport was tightly linked to the development of complex and macroscopic life forms. The human genome encodes 45 kinesins, 8 of those belonging to the family of kinesin-3 organelle transporters that are known to transport a variety of cargoes towards the plus end of microtubules. However, their mode of action, their tertiary structure, and regulation are controversial. In this review, we summarize the latest developments in our understanding of these fascinating molecular motors.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Siddiqui
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
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14
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Abstract
The 'irritable hip' continues to pose a challenge for clinicians. Even with predictive clinical algorithms, decision making can be difficult. Emergency treatment is required if septic arthritis is suspected. Other differential diagnoses such as transient synovitis, pyomyositis of the pelvic girdle muscles and osteomyelitis must be considered in order to help guide appropriate investigations and allow early treatment. We report the case of a 13-year-old boy presenting to our institution with an acutely painful left hip but still able to weight bear. Despite a fever and raised inflammatory markers, the clinical examination did not correspond to that of an infected hip joint. Urgent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed pyomyositis of the pectineus muscle. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case in the literature. The child was treated with seven days of intravenous antibiotics. There was a good clinical response as well as normalisation of the C-reactive protein level and white cell count. The patient was discharged home with a further week of oral antibiotics. Follow-up MRI at two weeks demonstrated a dramatic reduction in the inflammation of the pectineus. At the clinic follow-up appointment, the child was asymptomatic and back to normal function. Pyomyositis is typically found in tropical areas but its rates in temperate climates have been rising. It usually affects large groups of muscles such as the quadriceps and gluteal muscles. MRI is the gold standard investigation. If diagnosed early, the condition can be treated successfully with intravenous antibiotics alone. Given the widespread availability of MRI, we recommend its increased use to distinguish between pyomyositis and other paediatric hip pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hiddema
- Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust , UK
| | - S Hassan
- Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust , UK
| | - N Mangat
- Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust , UK
| | - N Siddiqui
- Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust , UK
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15
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Siddiqui N. Greek refugee camps: One year on. Br Dent J 2017; 222:832. [PMID: 28703176 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2017.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Hannan A, Ali S, Siddiqui N, Kazmi S, Muzaffar N. 264P Is cisplatin a risk factor for vascular events in patients with germ cell tumor. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv524.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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17
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You-Ten KE, Desai D, Postonogova T, Siddiqui N. Accuracy of conventional digital palpation and ultrasound of the cricothyroid membrane in obese women in labour. Anaesthesia 2015; 70:1230-4. [PMID: 26186092 DOI: 10.1111/anae.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Success of cricothyroidotomy depends on accurate identification of anatomical neck landmarks. Anaesthetists palpated the cricothyroid membrane of 28 obese and 28 non-obese women in labour (cut-off BMI 30 kg.m(-2) ) and marked the entry point for device insertion with an ultraviolet invisible pen. Ultrasonography was used to mark the midpoint of the cricothyroid membrane and the distance between the two marks was measured. The median (IQR [range]) distance between the two marks was significantly greater in the obese than the non-obese patients (5 (2-9.5 [0-34]) mm vs 1.8 (0.1-6 [0-15]) mm, respectively; p = 0.02). The cricothyroid membrane was accurately identified with digital palpation in only 39% (11/28) of obese compared with 71% (20/28) of non-obese patients (p = 0.03). Increased neck circumference in obese patients was significantly associated with inaccuracy in locating the cricothyroid membrane. Percutaneous identification of the cricothyroid membrane in obese women in labour was poor. Pre-procedural ultrasound may help improved the identification of neck landmarks for cricothyroidotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E You-Ten
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Desai
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - T Postonogova
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - N Siddiqui
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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18
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Nadeem A, Siddiqui N, Alharbi NO, Alharbi MM. Airway and systemic oxidant-antioxidant dysregulation in asthma: A possible scenario of oxidants spill over from lung into blood. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2014; 29:31-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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Desai D, You-Ten K, Arzola C, Friedman Z, Siddiqui N. Improved cricothyrotomy outcomes in human cadavers using ultrasound-guided compared to conventional digital palpation. J Clin Anesth 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
Lateral epicondylitis, or ’tennis elbow’, is a common condition that usually affects patients between 35 and 55 years of age. It is generally self-limiting, but in some patients it may continue to cause persistent symptoms, which can be refractory to treatment. This review discusses the mechanism of disease, symptoms and signs, investigations, current management protocols and potential new treatments. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1158–64.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Ahmad
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Department
of Orthopaedics, Colney Lane, Norwich
NR4 7UR, UK
| | - N. Siddiqui
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane
Hand and Upper Limb Unit, Woolloongabba, Brisbane 4002, Australia
| | - S. S. Malik
- Ipswich Hospital, Ipswich
Heath Road, Ipswich, Suffolk
IP4 5PD, UK
| | - M. Abdus-Samee
- University Hospital Lewisham, Lewisham
Healthcare NHS Trust, Lewisham High Street, London SE13
6LH, UK
| | | | - N. Rushton
- Orthopaedic Research Unit, University
of Cambridge, Box 180, Addenbrookes
Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge
CB2 0QQ, UK
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21
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Moghaddam Y, Lindsay R, Tolhurst J, Millan D, Siddiqui N. A case of sebaceous carcinoma arising in a benign cystic teratoma of the ovary and review of the literature. Scott Med J 2013; 58:e18-22. [DOI: 10.1177/0036933013482665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To present an extremely rare case of sebaceous carcinoma arising in a mature cystic teratoma of the ovary. Clinical presentation and intervention: A 66-year-old woman presented with abdominal discomfort and a pelvic mass. Abdominal and pelvic ultrasound, as well as CT scan, revealed a 27 cm complex right pelvic mass, which was diagnosed histologically as a sebaceous carcinoma arising in a mature cystic teratoma. The patient underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, peritoneal washings, appendicectomy and infracolic omentectomy. Conclusion: This case adds to the rare reports in the literature of sebaceous carcinoma occurring in a mature cystic teratoma. The clinical behaviour and optimal management of this entity are not well established. The patient has been well for 32 months following surgery with no evidence of recurrent disease clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Moghaddam
- Specialist Trainee, Department of Pathology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, UK
| | - R Lindsay
- Specialist Trainee in Histopathology, Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Princess Royal Maternity Hospital, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, UK
| | - J Tolhurst
- Consultant Histopathologist, Department of Pathology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, UK
| | - D Millan
- Consultant Histopathologist, Department of Pathology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, UK
| | - N Siddiqui
- Consultant Gynaecological Oncologist, Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Princess Royal Maternity Hospital, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, UK
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22
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Friedman Z, Siddiqui N, Mahmoud S, Davies S. Video-assisted structured teaching to improve aseptic technique during neuraxial block. Br J Anaesth 2013; 111:483-7. [PMID: 23562931 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aet062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Teaching epidural catheter insertion tends to focus on developing manual dexterity rather than improving aseptic technique which usually remains poor despite increasing experience. The aim of this study was to compare epidural aseptic technique performance, by novice operators after a targeted teaching intervention, with operators taught aseptic technique before the intervention was initiated. METHODS Starting July 2008, two groups of second-year anaesthesia residents (pre- and post-teaching intervention) performing their 4-month obstetric anaesthesia rotation in a university affiliated centre were videotaped three to four times while performing epidural procedures. Trained blinded independent examiners reviewed the procedures. The primary outcome was a comparison of aseptic technique performance scores (0-30 points) graded on a scale task-specific checklist. RESULTS A total of 86 sessions by 29 residents were included in the study analysis. The intraclass correlation coefficient for inter-rater reliability for the aseptic technique was 0.90. The median aseptic technique scores for the rotation period were significantly higher in the post-intervention group [27.58, inter-quartile range (IQR) 22.33-29.50 vs 16.56, IQR 13.33-22.00]. Similar results were demonstrated when scores were analysed for low, moderate, and high levels of experience throughout the rotation. CONCLUSIONS Procedure-specific aseptic technique teaching, aided by video assessment and video demonstration, helped significantly improve aseptic practice by novice trainees. Future studies should consider looking at retention over longer periods of time in more senior residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Friedman
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G1X5, Canada.
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Lebovic G, Siddiqui N, Muller M. Predictors of hand hygiene compliance in the era of alcohol-based hand rinse. J Hosp Infect 2013; 83:276-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Das K, Imtiaz S, Kumar S, Muazzam I, Siddiqui N, Kazmi S, Muzzafar N. Primary Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumour in Pakistani Population; a Single Center Experience. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)34085-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Bukhari M, Masood U, Mehmood T, Masood A, Haider I, Khan A, Majeed H, Siddiqui N. EP-0993 BREAST CANCER SUBTYPES BASED ON ER/PR AND HER2 EXPRESSION IN PAKISTANI WOMEN. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)71326-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Mehmood T, Bukhari M, Masood U, Haider I, Khan A, Majeed H, Shah M, Siddiqui N. EP-1006 TRIPLE NEGATIVE VERSUS NON TRIPLE NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER IN PAKISTANI WOMEN. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)71339-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Muzahir S, Mian M, Munir I, Nawaz MK, Faruqui ZS, Mufti KA, Bashir H, Uddin N, Siddiqui N, Maaz AUR, Mahmood MT. Clinical utility of ¹⁸F FDG-PET/CT in the detection of bone marrow disease in Hodgkin's lymphoma. Br J Radiol 2012; 85:e490-6. [PMID: 22215887 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/29583493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential role of fludeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET)/CT in the detection of bone/bone marrow disease in patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed ((18)F)-FDG-PET/CT scans of 122 newly diagnosed, biopsy-proven cases of HL performed between November 2009 and June 2010. All the patients were staged before treatment by both PET/CT and bone marrow biopsy (BMB). Patients were subdivided into three groups based on the findings of FDG-PET/CT. Group A consisted of patients showing diffuse FDG uptake, Group B consisted of patients showing unifocal FDG uptake and Group C patients showed multifocal FDG-avid foci on PET/CT scans. Bone marrow results were also reviewed and considered positive if lymphomatous involvement was detected on bone marrow trephine biopsy. BMB results were correlated with FDG-PET/CT findings. RESULTS There were 122 patients in total-81 (66.4%) were male and 41 (33.6%) were female. The age range was from 6 years to 78 years (mean 35.70 years). PET/CT was reported as negative for bone/bone marrow involvement in 85 (69.7%) patients, while the remaining 37 showed abnormal FDG uptake. The sensitivity of FDG-PET/CT was calculated to be 100%, the specificity was 76.57%, the negative predictive value was 76.57%, the positive predictive value was 29.72% and the diagnostic accuracy was 78.62%. CONCLUSION (18)F-FDG-PET/CT and BMB are complementary in the evaluation of bone marrow disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Muzahir
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Center, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Siddiqui N, Muller MP. Increasing uptake of hand hygiene education among health care workers via online learning at a Toronto teaching hospital. BMC Proc 2011. [PMCID: PMC3239686 DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-5-s6-p258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Muller M, Siddiqui N. P14.02 A multi-disciplinary team's multi-modal strategy to increase hand hygiene compliance at a Toronto teaching hospital. J Hosp Infect 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0195-6701(10)60152-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zuccoli G, Siddiqui N, Rizzi R, Marcello N. Neurological picture. Pendular nystagmus showing involvement of the floccular lobes in an atypical case of Wernicke encephalopathy: MRI findings. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2010; 81:858. [PMID: 20682718 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2009.187385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Zuccoli
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
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Moore A, Siddiqui N, Kassel E, Carvalho J. Unintentional subdural catheter placement during labor analgesia shows typical radiological pattern but atypical response to the Tsui test. Int J Obstet Anesth 2010; 19:111-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2009.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2008] [Revised: 04/15/2009] [Accepted: 07/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Biswas D, Ranganathan B, King R, Siddiqui N. How we do it: 'tonsillectomy mat', scored rubber sheet to fix the Draffin's rods. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2009; 267:149-50. [PMID: 19834726 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-009-1111-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2009] [Accepted: 09/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Slipping of the Driffin's rod from the operating table is problematic during tonsillectomy. We describe a technique to overcome this problem by using a 'tonsillectomy mat'.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Biswas
- Department of Otolaryngology, Barnsley Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Gawber Road, Barnsley, S75 2EP, UK
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Siddiqui N, Zahid K, Afzal A, Sultan F, Hafeez H. 3041 Bacterial spectrum and susceptability patterns of pathogens causing bacteremia in adult febrile neutropenic patients: comparison between two time periods. EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)70640-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Hawkes S, Collumbien M, Platt L, Lalji N, Rizvi N, Andreasen A, Chow J, Muzaffar R, ur-Rehman H, Siddiqui N, Hasan S, Bokhari A. HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among men, transgenders and women selling sex in two cities in Pakistan: a cross-sectional prevalence survey. Sex Transm Infect 2009; 85 Suppl 2:ii8-16. [PMID: 19307351 DOI: 10.1136/sti.2008.033910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The extent and possibilities of spread of the HIV epidemic are not fully understood in Pakistan. A survey was conducted among men, women and transgender populations selling sex in Rawalpindi (Punjab) and Abbottabad (North West Frontier Province) in order to inform evidence-based programme planning. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was performed with participants recruited through respondent-driven sampling. Male and transgender sex workers were analysed in three gender groups; women were analysed as one group. Behavioural surveys were conducted and clinical specimens collected. Laboratory tests looked for evidence of acute infection (gonorrhoea, Chlamydia, syphilis, Trichomonas) and infection over the lifetime (HIV, herpes simplex virus-2, syphilis). Predictors of infection were explored using univariable and multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS The prevalence of HIV was low in 917 male and transgender sex workers and absent in 533 female sex workers in the study. High levels of current sexually transmitted infections were found, predominantly among transgender sex workers. Risk behaviours were common and knowledge of HIV was extremely low. Multivariable analysis found a large number of factors associated with higher levels of infection, including experience of forced first sex. Protection against risk was low, but those sex workers who reported using condoms at last sex had lower rates of infection. CONCLUSIONS The HIV epidemic is currently in its early stages among people who sell sex, but there may be potential for a much greater spread given the levels of other sexually transmitted infections found and the concomitant low levels of both protective knowledge and risk-reducing behaviours. Action is needed now to avert an epidemic. Framing interventions by upholding the recognition and protection of human rights is vital.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hawkes
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
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Siddiqui N, Khan SA, Bhat MA, Ahsan W. Synthesis and Evaluation of New 2-(Substituted Phenyl)- 3-[5'-(2'-Oxo-2H-chromen-3'-yl)-1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2-yl]-1, 3-Thiazolidin-4-Ones as Anticonvulsants. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2009. [DOI: 10.18579/jpcrkc/2009/8/1/79536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Barlow CA, Kitiphongspattana K, Siddiqui N, Roe MW, Mossman BT, Lounsbury KM. Protein kinase A-mediated CREB phosphorylation is an oxidant-induced survival pathway in alveolar type II cells. Apoptosis 2008; 13:681-92. [PMID: 18392938 PMCID: PMC2311383 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-008-0203-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Oxidant stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary diseases, including fibrotic lung disease and cancer. We previously found that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) initiates an increase in Ca2+/cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation in C10 alveolar type II cells that requires activation of extracellular regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2). Here, we investigated the role of crosstalk between protein kinase A (PKA) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in oxidant-induced signaling to ERK1/2 and CREB in C10 cells. Application of H2O2 increased nuclear accumulation of PKA, and inhibition of PKA with H89 reduced oxidant-mediated phosphorylation of both CREB and ERK1/2. Single cell measurements of cAMP and redox status, using a FRET-based biosensor and a redox-sensitive GFP, respectively, indicated that H2O2 increases production of cAMP that correlates with redox state. Inhibition of EGFR activity decreased both H2O2-induced CREB phosphorylation and translocation of PKA to the nucleus, suggesting that crosstalk between PKA and EGFR underlies the oxidant-induced CREB response. Furthermore, knockdown of CREB expression using siRNA led to a decrease in bcl-2 and an increase in oxidant-induced apoptosis. Together these data reveal a novel role for crosstalk between PKA, ERK1/2 and CREB that mediates cell survival during oxidant stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy A. Barlow
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405 USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53713 USA
| | | | - Nazli Siddiqui
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Michael W. Roe
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Brooke T. Mossman
- Department of Pathology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405 USA
| | - Karen M. Lounsbury
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405 USA
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Siddiqui N, Siddique MK, Muazzam IA, Faiz R, Anwar N, Badar F. Breast cancer in very young Pakistani women at a cancer hospital in Lahore. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.11596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- R M James
- Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN), 28 Thistle Street, Edinburgh EH2 1EN
| | - M E Cruickshank
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aberdeen Maternity Hospital AB25 7ZD
| | - N Siddiqui
- Department of Gynaecology Oncology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary G4 0SF
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Mota F, Vergote I, Trimbos JB, Amant F, Siddiqui N, Del Rio A, Verheijen R, Zola P. Classification of radical hysterectomy adopted by the Gynecological Cancer Group of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2007; 18:1136-8. [PMID: 18021216 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2007.01138.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Piver classification of radical hysterectomy for the treatment of cervical cancer is outdated and misused. The Surgery Committee of the Gynecological Cancer Group of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) produced, approved, and adopted a revised classification. It is hoped that at least within the EORTC participating centers, a standardization of procedures is achieved. The clinical indications of the new classification are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mota
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Khan SA, Bhat MA, Siddiqui N. Synthesis of novel thioureido derivatives of sulfonamides and thiosemicarbazido derivatives of coumarin as potential anticonvulsant and analgesic agents. Indian J Pharm Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.22984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Abstract
Haemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) secondary to viral infections usually has a variable course and can be life-threatening. We report a 53-year-old male patient who presented with fever, hepatosplenomegaly and pancytopenia. He had deranged liver function, abnormal clotting and markedly elevated serum ferritin. Bone marrow biopsy showed prominent haemophagocytosis. The patient was investigated thoroughly and found to have evidence of chronic hepatitis B-virus (HBV) infection by serological tests and liver biopsy. Other conditions associated with HPS such as lymphoma, malignancy and other viral or bacterial infections were not present. The patient did not respond to steroids, intravenous immunoglobulins or cyclosporin but responded to etoposide and became apyrexial. He also became HBV negative on lamivudine. The patient died of infection later on but there was no evidence of recurrence of HPS. To the best of our knowledge this is the first case report of HPS associated with isolated HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Aleem
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Connell PP, Siddiqui N, Hoffman S, Kuang A, Khatipov EA, Weichselbaum RR, Bishop DK. A Hot Spot for RAD51C Interactions Revealed by a Peptide That Sensitizes Cells to Cisplatin. Cancer Res 2004; 64:3002-5. [PMID: 15126333 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-03-3608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
DNA repair via the homologous recombination pathway requires the recombinase RAD51 and, in vertabrates, five RAD51 paralogs. The paralogs form two complexes in solution, a XRCC3/RAD51C heterodimer and a RAD51B/RAD51C/RAD51D/XRCC2 heterotetramer. Mutation of any one of the five paralog genes prevents subnuclear assembly of recombinase at damaged sites and renders cells 30-100 fold sensitive to DNA cross-linking drugs. Phage display was used to isolate peptides that bind the paralog XRCC3. Sequences of binding peptides showed similarity to residues 14-25 of RAD51C protein. Point mutations in this region of RAD51C altered its interaction with both XRCC3 and RAD51B in a two-hybrid system. A synthetic peptide composed of residues 14-25 of RAD51C fused to a membrane transduction sequence [protein transduction domain 4 (PTD4)], inhibited subnuclear assembly of RAD51 recombinase, and sensitized Chinese hamster ovary cells to cisplatin when added to growth medium. These results suggest that residues 14-25 of RAD51C contribute to a "hot spot" used in both XRCC3-RAD51C and RAD51B-RAD51C interactions. Peptide-based inhibition of homologous recombination may prove useful for improving the efficacy of existing cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip P Connell
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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Strathdee G, Davies BR, Vass JK, Siddiqui N, Brown R. Cell type-specific methylation of an intronic CpG island controls expression of the MCJ gene. Carcinogenesis 2004; 25:693-701. [PMID: 14729589 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgh066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 50% of human genes are associated with CpG islands and DNA methylation within such CpG islands has been clearly correlated with inhibition of expression. Whereas changes in DNA methylation play a key role in a number of human diseases, in particular cancer, in normal DNA CpG islands are nearly always methylation free, regardless of the expression status of the associated gene. Only limited evidence supports a role for DNA methylation in controlling tissue-specific expression in adult somatic tissue. Loss of expression of the MCJ gene has previously been linked to increased chemotherapeutic drug resistance in ovarian cancer. We report that loss of expression of MCJ in drug-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines depends on methylation of a CpG island within its first exon, but is independent of methylation within the promoter region. Furthermore, cell type-specific expression of the MCJ gene in normal cells also depends on the methylation status of the CpG island within its first exon. The MCJ CpG island is methylated and the gene is not expressed in cells of epithelial origin, but unmethylated and expressed in cells of lymphocyte or fibroblast origin. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays determined that MCJ CpG island methylation was associated with loss of histone acetylation in ovarian epithelial cells compared with unmethylated fibroblast cells. Reduced acetylation was observed not only within the CpG island, but also within the promoter region, suggesting that CpG island methylation may direct alterations in chromatin structure within the promoter region, leading to gene inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Strathdee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Research UK Beatson Laboratories, Glasgow University, Glasgow G61 1BD, Scotland, UK.
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Mallick JA, Ali SA, Siddiqui N, Fareed A. Impact of Gemcitabine and Cisplatin with radiotherapy in locally advanced or metastatic transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder. J PAK MED ASSOC 2003; 53:547-52. [PMID: 14738263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary object of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Gemcitabine and Cisplatin along with radiotherapy in transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty patients with locally advanced or metastatic TCC of urinary bladder were enrolled during the 22-months period from January, 1999 to October, 2000 and followed up till March 2002. Three patients received 4 cycles, five patients received 5 cycles and twelve patients received 6 cycles of Gemcitabine 1250 mg/m2 on day 1 and day 8 and Cisplatin 80 mg/m2 on day 1; administered every 3 weeks. No patient received prior chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgery. However, four patients received prior intravesical chemotherapy. All patients received radiotherapy after completion of chemotherapy regimen. RESULTS Nineteen patients achieved complete response at the end of the treatment. The complete response rate was 95%. The confidence interval was at 95%, level of confidence ranged from 85% to 100%. Median duration of clinical benefit was 21 months. Six patients (30%) were documented neutropenia, three patients (15%) documented thrombocytopenia. No life threatening toxicity was observed. CONCLUSION Gemcitabine and Cisplatin along with radiotherapy in locally or metastatic Transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder, exhibited pronounced response rate among all the patients. The toxicity profile remained extremely low and disease free survival enhanced. The above investigation may further be continued at a larger scale encompassing a wide band of subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Mallick
- Department of Oncology, Ziauddin Medical University, Karachi
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