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Sánchez-Soliño O, Kilpatrick RD, Johnson C, Fang Y, Ye Y, Alami NN, Zarish K, Krueger WS, Dreyer N, Gray GC. Longitudinal Molecular and Serological Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infections and Vaccination Status: Community-Based Surveillance Study (CONTACT). Infect Dis Ther 2024; 13:633-645. [PMID: 38461480 PMCID: PMC11058157 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-024-00923-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This prospective, longitudinal, community-based study, EpidemiologiCal POpulatioN STudy of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Lake CounTy, Illinois (CONTACT), investigated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) immunity, occupational risks related to SARS-CoV-2 exposure, and long-term immunoglobulin G (IgG) seroconversion kinetics. METHODS At baseline and follow up (3, 6, and 9 months), non-hospitalized adult participants provided nasal and blood serum specimens for molecular [reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)] and serological (IgG) testing (4 November 2020-30 October 2021). RESULTS At baseline, 6.4% (65/1008) had evidence of current/prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. At 3, 6, and 9 months, positive PCR tests were obtained from 0.4% (3/781), 0.4% (3/733), and 0% (0/673) of participants, respectively. Positive IgG occurred at baseline and 3, 6, and 9 months in 4.5% (45/1008), 6.0% (48/799), 5.4% (39/733), and 2.8% (19/673) of participants, respectively. Of participants positive for IgG at baseline, 28 had a negative IgG test at a follow-up visit; of those 28, 21 had their first negative IgG test within 6 months. Participants were more likely to retain positive IgG if they were 18-29 years of age, were male, or had medium-high/high-risk occupations. A high vaccination rate (70% received ≥ 1 dose by 9 months) was observed. Influence of occupational status or characteristics on transmission and IgG, and COVID-19 vaccination trends, are shown. CONCLUSIONS This study expands on prior studies assessing COVID-19 immunity and IgG seroconversion by including both RT-PCR and serologic testing and longitudinal follow-up of study participants. We observed decreased infection rates over the 9 month follow-up period as well as a decline in IgG persistency after 6 months. The findings from this community-based study regarding vaccinate rates, infection rates by PCR, and IgG persistency over time can help improve our understanding of COVID-19 immunity, occupational risks related to SARS-CoV-2 exposure, and the kinetics of long-term IgG seroconversion, which is important to help guide local and national mitigation strategies. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT04611230.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Sánchez-Soliño
- AbbVie Inc., 26525 Riverwoods Blvd., Mettawa, North Chicago, IL, 60045, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nancy Dreyer
- IQVIA Real World Solutions, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Dreyer Strategies, Newton, USA
| | - Gregory C Gray
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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Kilpatrick RD, Sánchez-Soliño O, Alami NN, Johnson C, Fang Y, Wegrzyn LR, Krueger WS, Ye Y, Dreyer N, Gray GC. EpidemiologiCal POpulatioN STudy of SARS-CoV-2 in Lake CounTy, Illinois (CONTACT): Methodology and Baseline Characteristics of a Community-Based Surveillance Study. Infect Dis Ther 2022; 11:899-911. [PMID: 35107821 PMCID: PMC8808268 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-022-00593-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction EpidemiologiCal POpulatioN STudy of SARS-CoV-2 in Lake CounTy, Illinois (CONTACT) is an observational, epidemiological study with a 9-month longitudinal follow-up of nonhospitalized persons aged 18 years or older currently living or employed in Lake County, IL. We describe the study design and report baseline characteristics of the study participants, including the proportion of participants with acute or previous SARS-CoV-2 infection at enrollment. Methods At enrollment and subsequent timepoints, participants recruited through digital and paper-based advertising campaigns reported their occupational and school-based exposure, risk factors, and behaviors, and provided nasal and serum specimens. Stratified enrichment was used to enhance enrollment into medium- and higher-risk groups within four occupational risk groups for SARS-CoV-2 infection. RT-PCR and serologic (IgG) testing were conducted to detect acute or previous SARS-CoV-2 infection in participants, respectively. Results Between November 2020 and January 2021, 1008 participants (female 70.7%, mean age ± SD 51 ± 13.8 years) completed the questionnaire and diagnostic testing. Among participants, 41.8% (n = 421) were considered low risk, 24.6% (n = 248) were medium-to-low risk, 22.3% (n = 225) were medium-to-high risk, and 11.3% (n = 114) were high risk. Of 56 (5.6%) participants with evidence of acute or previous SARS-CoV-2 infection at baseline, 11 (19.6%) were RT-PCR-positive, 36 (64.3%) were IgG-seropositive, and 9 (16.1%) were positive by both assays. Participants who were adherent vs nonadherent to social distancing measures (odds ratio [95% CI] 0.8 [0.4–1.8]) were less likely, while those in higher vs lower occupational risk groups (2.0 [1.0–4.4]) were more likely to have evidence for acute or previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusion In fall/winter 2020/21, 5.6% of adults in a Lake County convenience sample had evidence for acute or previous SARS-CoV-2 infection at baseline. Nonadherence to social distancing measures and high-risk professions were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study is ongoing and future analyses will assess infection status over time. Clinical Trial Registration NCT04611230. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40121-022-00593-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Kilpatrick
- AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA. .,AbbVie, Inc., 26525 Riverwoods Blvd., Mettawa, IL, 60045, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gregory C Gray
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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Heo J, Kim YJ, Lee JW, Kim JH, Lim YS, Han KH, Jeong SH, Cho M, Yoon KT, Bae SH, Crown ED, Fredrick LM, Alami NN, Asatryan A, Kim DH, Paik SW, Lee YJ. Efficacy and Safety of Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir in Korean Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C: A Pooled Analysis of Five Phase II/III Trials. Gut Liver 2021; 15:895-903. [PMID: 34053916 PMCID: PMC8593501 DOI: 10.5009/gnl20321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (G/P) is the first pan-genotypic direct-acting antiviral combination therapy approved in Korea. An integrated analysis of five phase II and III trials was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of G/P in Korean patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Methods The study analyzed pooled data on Korean patients with HCV infection enrolled in the ENDURANCE 1 and 2, SURVEYOR II part 4 and VOYAGE I and II trials, which evaluated the efficacy and safety of 8 or 12 weeks of G/P treatment. The patients were either treatment-naïve or had received sofosbuvir or interferon-based treatment. Efficacy was evaluated by assessing the rate of sustained virologic response at 12 weeks posttreatment (SVR12). Safety was evaluated by monitoring adverse events (AEs) and laboratory assessments. Results The analysis included 265 patients; 179 (67.5%) were HCV treatment-naïve, and most patients were either subgenotype 1B (48.7%) or 2A (44.5%). In the intention-to-treat population, 262 patients (98.9%) achieved SVR12. Three patients did not achieve SVR12 one had virologic failure and two had non-virologic failures. Most AEs were grade 1/2; eight patients (3.0%) experienced at least one grade ≥3 AE. No serious AEs related to G/P treatment were reported, and grade ≥3 hepatic laboratory abnormalities were rare (0.8%). Conclusions G/P therapy was highly efficacious and well tolerated in Korean patients with HCV infection, with most patients achieving SVR12. The safety profile was comparable to that observed in a pooled analysis of a global pan-genotypic population of patients with HCV infection who received G/P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Yoon Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Suk Lim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyub Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sook-Hyang Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Mong Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Ki Tae Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Si Hyun Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Seung Woon Paik
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn-Jae Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Asselah T, Alami NN, Moreno C, Pol S, Karatapanis S, Gschwantler M, Horsmans Y, Elefsiniotis I, Larrey D, Ferrari C, Rizzetto M, Orlandini A, Calleja JL, Bruno S, Schnell G, Qaqish R, Redman R, Pilot‐Matias T, Kopecky‐Bromberg S, Yu Y, Mobashery N. Ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir plus ribavirin for 24 weeks in patients with HCV GT4 and compensated cirrhosis (AGATE-I Part II). Health Sci Rep 2019; 2:e92. [PMID: 30937389 PMCID: PMC6427060 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS AGATE-I Part I previously reported high sustained virologic response rates in hepatitis C genotype 4 patients with cirrhosis, with 12 and 16 weeks' treatment with a combination of two direct-acting antivirals, ombitasvir and paritaprevir (codosed with ritonavir), plus ribavirin. Part II, reported here, extended the trial to include a 24-week treatment arm to fully assess treatment duration in patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 4 infection and compensated cirrhosis. METHODS Enrollment took place between June and November of 2015. Treatment-naive and interferon-experienced patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 4 infection and compensated cirrhosis were enrolled into Arm C; patients previously treated with a sofosbuvir-based regimen were enrolled into Arm D. All patients received a 24-week treatment with ombitasvir, paritaprevir, and ritonavir plus ribavirin. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with a sustained virologic response (hepatitis C virus RNA < 25 IU/mL) at posttreatment week 12 in the intention-to-treat population. The safety population included all patients who received at least one dose of study drug. RESULTS In total, 64 patients were enrolled into AGATE-I Part II. Sustained virologic response at posttreatment week 12 was achieved in 57 of 61 patients (93.4%; 97.5% confidence interval, 92.6-97.7) in Arm C and 3 of 3 patients (100%) in Arm D. Two patients were missing SVR12 data, and two prematurely discontinued treatment. The most common adverse events for Arm C were fatigue (16 [26%]) and asthenia (15 [25%]). Results were comparable with those reported in Part I. CONCLUSIONS AGATE-I Part II indicates that extending treatment beyond 12 weeks in genotype 4-infected patients with compensated cirrhosis does not offer additional benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Stanislas Pol
- Université Paris DescartesParisFrance
- Hepatology DepartmentCochin Hospital, APHPParisFrance
- INSERM U1223, UMS‐20 and Center for Translational ScienceInstitut PasteurParisFrance
| | | | - Michael Gschwantler
- Medizinische Abteilung mit Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie, Endoskopie und AmbulanzWilhelminenspitalWienAustria
| | - Yves Horsmans
- Cliniques Universitaires Saint‐Luc, Department of GastroenterologyUniversité catholique de LouvainBrusselsBelgium
| | - Ioannis Elefsiniotis
- Academic Department of Internal Medicine‐Hepatology Unit, General Oncology Hospital of Kifisia “Agioi Anargyroi”National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | | | | | | | | | - Jose Luis Calleja
- Liver Unit, Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro‐Majadajonda, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y DigestivasMajadahondaMadridSpain
| | - Savino Bruno
- Department of Biomedical SciencesHumanitas University, Humanitas Research HospitalMilanItaly
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yao Yu
- AbbVie, IncChicagoIllinois
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Alami NN, Yuen CM, Miramontes R, Pratt R, Price SF, Navin TR. Trends in tuberculosis - United States, 2013. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2014; 63:229-33. [PMID: 24647398 PMCID: PMC4584631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In 2013, a total of 9,588 new tuberculosis (TB) cases were reported in the United States, with an incidence rate of 3.0 cases per 100,000 population, a decrease of 4.2% from 2012. This report summarizes provisional TB surveillance data reported to CDC in 2013. Although case counts and incidence rates continue to decline, certain populations are disproportionately affected. The TB incidence rate among foreign-born persons in 2013 was approximately 13 times greater than the incidence rate among U.S.-born persons, and the proportion of TB cases occurring in foreign-born persons continues to increase, reaching 64.6% in 2013. Racial/ethnic disparities in TB incidence persist, with TB rates among non-Hispanic Asians almost 26 times greater than among non-Hispanic whites. Four states (California, Texas, New York, and Florida), home to approximately one third of the U.S. population, accounted for approximately half the TB cases reported in 2013. The proportion of TB cases occurring in these four states increased from 49.9% in 2012 to 51.3% in 2013. Continued progress toward TB elimination in the United States will require focused TB control efforts among populations and in geographic areas with disproportionate burdens of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Niki Alami
- EIS officer, CDC,Corresponding author: Negar Niki Alami, , 404-718-8015
| | | | - Roque Miramontes
- Division of TB Elimination, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, CDC
| | - Robert Pratt
- Division of TB Elimination, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, CDC
| | - Sandy F. Price
- Division of TB Elimination, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, CDC
| | - Thomas R. Navin
- Division of TB Elimination, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, CDC
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