1
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Nguyen LC, Nguyen NM, Nguyen TN, Vu HH, Khuc TT, La HD, Nguyen NT, Nguyen KV, Nguyen OT, Luu DTM, Doan HTN. 2-year survival estimation for decompensated cirrhosis patients of prognostic scoring systems. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:10909-10916. [PMID: 38039020 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202311_34458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prognostic models proposed for cirrhotic patients' survival have not been satisfactorily investigated in the Vietnam population, especially in the medium-term period. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this prospective study, we enrolled a total of 904 patients admitted to Hepato-Gastroenterology Center, Bach Mai Hospital from December 2019 to November 2021 and calculated their CP, MELD, MELD-Na score, IMELD, Refit MELD, and Refit MELD-Na after 2-year follow-up to compare their survival prognosis. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 53.8 ±10.8 years, and males constituted 91%. Compared with the surviving group, deceased patients had statistically significant lower albumin, higher INR, serum bilirubin, and creatinine levels with higher means of all prognostic scores. RefitMELD score had the highest AUC (0.768), followed by MELD (0.766), and the lowest belonged to RefitMELDNa (0.669). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, deceased patients had significantly higher values of Child-Pugh score and all MELD-based scores than survival. RefitMELD is the most reliable scoring system to predict 2-year mortality in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Nguyen
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Center, Bach Mai Hospital, Giai Phong Road, Ha Noi, Vietnam.
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2
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Nguyen NM, Kakarla AB, Nukala SG, Kong C, Baji A, Kong I. Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties of a Hydroxyapatite Polymer Nanocomposite for Use in Fused Filament Fabrication. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3980. [PMID: 37836029 PMCID: PMC10575009 DOI: 10.3390/polym15193980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, there has been an increasing interest in the use of bioceramics for biomedical purposes. Bioceramics, specifically those made of calcium phosphate, are commonly used in dental and orthopaedic applications. In this context, hydroxyapatite (HA) is considered a viable option for hard tissue engineering applications given its compositional similarity to bioapatite. However, owing to their poor mechanobiology and biodegradability, traditional HA-based composites have limited utilisation possibilities in bone, cartilage and dental applications. Therefore, the efficiency of nano HA (nHA) has been explored to address these limitations. nHA has shown excellent remineralising effects on initial enamel lesions and is widely used as an additive for improving existing dental materials. Furthermore, three-dimensional printing (3DP) or fused deposition modelling that can be used for creating dental and hard tissue scaffolds tailored to each patient's specific anatomy has attracted considerable interest. However, the materials used for producing hard tissue with 3DP are still limited. Therefore, the current study aimed to develop a hybrid polymer nanocomposite composed of nHA, nanoclay (NC) and polylactic acid (PLA) that was suitable for 3DP. The nHA polymer nanocomposites were extruded into filaments and their physiochemical properties were evaluated. The results showed that the addition of nHA and NC to the PLA matrix significantly increased the water absorption and contact angle. In addition, the hardness increased from 1.04 to 1.25 times with the incorporation of nHA. In sum, the nHA-NC-reinforced PLA could be used as 3DP filaments to generate bone and dental scaffolds, and further studies are needed on the biocompatibility of this material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Mai Nguyen
- Advanced Polymer and Composite Materials Laboratory, Department of Engineering, School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC 3552, Australia
| | - Akesh Babu Kakarla
- Advanced Polymer and Composite Materials Laboratory, Department of Engineering, School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC 3552, Australia
| | - Satya Guha Nukala
- Advanced Polymer and Composite Materials Laboratory, Department of Engineering, School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC 3552, Australia
| | - Cin Kong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih 43500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Avinash Baji
- Department of Engineering, School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Ing Kong
- Advanced Polymer and Composite Materials Laboratory, Department of Engineering, School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC 3552, Australia
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3
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Tran NH, Nguyen DD, Nguyen NM, Tran C, Nguyen Thi NT, Ho DT, Nguyen HN, Tu LN. Dual-targeting exosomes for improved drug delivery in breast cancer. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023; 18:599-611. [PMID: 37194929 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: The authors investigated whether displaying more than one homing peptide enhanced the tumor-targeting efficiency of exosomes. Materials & methods: Exosomes from human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293F) were engineered to display either mono- or dual-tumor-penetrating peptides, iRGD and tLyp1. Exosomes were purified via tangential flow filtration followed by ultracentrifugation. Results: When loaded with doxorubicin (Dox), the dual iRGD-tLyp1 exosomes strongly enhanced Dox uptake in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines, superior to single iRGD or tLyp1 exosomes. The dual iRGD-tLyp1 exosomal Dox was also the most potent, with IC50/GI50 values being 3.7-17.0-times lower than those of free Dox and other exosomal Dox. Conclusion: Selecting appropriate combinatorial homing peptides could be an approach for future precision nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Hb Tran
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Chau Tran
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Duyen Tk Ho
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Lan N Tu
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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4
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Nguyen Hoang VA, Nguyen ST, Nguyen TV, Pham TH, Doan PL, Nguyen Thi NT, Nguyen ML, Dinh TC, Pham DH, Nguyen NM, Nguyen DS, Nguyen DQ, Lu YT, Do TTT, Truong DK, Phan MD, Nguyen HN, Giang H, Tu LN. Genetic landscape and personalized tracking of tumor mutations in Vietnamese women with breast cancer. Mol Oncol 2022; 17:598-610. [PMID: 36495126 PMCID: PMC10061293 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in Vietnamese women, but its mutational landscape and actionable alterations for targeted therapies remain unknown. After treatment, a sensitive biomarker to complement conventional imaging to monitor patients is also lacking. In this prospective multi-center study, 134 early-stage breast cancer patients eligible for curative-intent surgery were recruited. Genomic DNA from tumor tissues and paired white blood cells were sequenced to profile all tumor-derived mutations in 95 cancer-associated genes. Our bioinformatic algorithm was then utilized to identify top mutations for individual patients. Serial plasma samples were collected before surgery and at scheduled visits after surgery. Personalized assay tracking the selected mutations were performed to detect circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in the plasma. We found that the mutational landscape of the Vietnamese was largely similar to other Asian cohorts, showing higher TP53 mutation frequency than in Caucasians. Alterations in PIK3CA and PI3K signaling were dominant, particularly in our triple-negative subgroup. Using top-ranked mutations, we detected ctDNA in pre-operative plasma in 24.6-43.5% of the hormone-receptor-positive groups and 76.9-80.8% of the hormone-receptor-negative groups. The detection rate was associated with breast cancer subtypes and clinicopathological features that increased the risk of relapse. Interim analysis after a 15-month follow-up revealed post-operative detection of ctDNA in all three patients that had recurrence, with a lead time of 7-13 months ahead of clinical diagnosis. Our personalized assay is streamlined and affordable with promising clinical utility in residual cancer surveillance. We also generated the first somatic variant dataset for Vietnamese breast cancer women that could lay the foundation for precision cancer medicine in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van-Anh Nguyen Hoang
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | - Phuoc Loc Doan
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Thanh Nguyen Thi
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Minh Long Nguyen
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Cuc Dinh
- Thu Duc City Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Ngoc Mai Nguyen
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Duy Sinh Nguyen
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Du Quyen Nguyen
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Y-Thanh Lu
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Minh-Duy Phan
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Hoa Giang
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Lan N Tu
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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5
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Tran VT, Nguyen ST, Pham XD, Phan TH, Nguyen VC, Nguyen HT, Nguyen HP, Doan PTT, Le TA, Nguyen BT, Jasmine TX, Nguyen DS, Nguyen HDL, Nguyen NM, Do DX, Tran VU, Nguyen HHT, Le MP, Nguyen YN, Do TTT, Truong DK, Tang HS, Phan MD, Nguyen HN, Giang H, Tu LN. Pathogenic Variant Profile of Hereditary Cancer Syndromes in a Vietnamese Cohort. Front Oncol 2022; 11:789659. [PMID: 35070997 PMCID: PMC8767154 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.789659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hereditary cancer syndromes (HCS) are responsible for 5-10% of cancer cases. Genetic testing to identify pathogenic variants associated with cancer predisposition has not been routinely available in Vietnam. Consequently, the prevalence and genetic landscape of HCS remain unknown. Methods 1165 Vietnamese individuals enrolled in genetic testing at our laboratory in 2020. We performed analysis of germline mutations in 17 high- and moderate- penetrance genes associated with HCS by next generation sequencing. Results A total of 41 pathogenic variants in 11 genes were detected in 3.2% individuals. The carrier frequency was 4.2% in people with family or personal history of cancer and 2.6% in those without history. The percentage of mutation carriers for hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes was 1.3% and for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome was 1.6%. BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations were the most prevalent with the positive rate of 1.3% in the general cohort and 5.1% in breast or ovarian cancer patients. Most of BRCA1 mutations located at the BRCA C-terminus domains and the top recurrent mutation was NM_007294.3:c.5251C>T (p.Arg1751Ter). One novel variant NM_000038.6(APC):c.6665C>A (p.Pro2222His) was found in a breast cancer patient with a strong family history of cancer. A case study of hereditary cancer syndrome was illustrated to highlight the importance of genetic testing. Conclusion This is the first largest analysis of carrier frequency and mutation spectrum of HCS in Vietnam. The findings demonstrate the clinical significance of multigene panel testing to identify carriers and their at-risk relatives for better cancer surveillance and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sao Trung Nguyen
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | - Huu Thinh Nguyen
- University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Huu Phuc Nguyen
- University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Thao Thi Doan
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | - Duy Sinh Nguyen
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hong-Dang Luu Nguyen
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Mai Nguyen
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Duy Xuan Do
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Vu Uyen Tran
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hue Hanh Thi Nguyen
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Minh Phong Le
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Yen Nhi Nguyen
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Hung Sang Tang
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Minh-Duy Phan
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hoai-Nghia Nguyen
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hoa Giang
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Lan N Tu
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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6
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Tran NH, Vo TB, Nguyen VT, Tran NT, Trinh THN, Pham HAT, Dao THT, Nguyen NM, Van YLT, Tran VU, Vu HG, Bui QTN, Vo PAN, Nguyen HN, Nguyen QTT, Do TTT, Lam NV, Ngoc PCT, Truong DK, Nguyen HN, Giang H, Phan MD. Genetic profiling of Vietnamese population from large-scale genomic analysis of non-invasive prenatal testing data. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19142. [PMID: 33154511 PMCID: PMC7644705 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76245-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The under-representation of several ethnic groups in existing genetic databases and studies have undermined our understanding of the genetic variations and associated traits or diseases in many populations. Cost and technology limitations remain the challenges in performing large-scale genome sequencing projects in many developing countries, including Vietnam. As one of the most rapidly adopted genetic tests, non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) data offers an alternative untapped resource for genetic studies. Here we performed a large-scale genomic analysis of 2683 pregnant Vietnamese women using their NIPT data and identified a comprehensive set of 8,054,515 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, among which 8.2% were new to the Vietnamese population. Our study also revealed 24,487 disease-associated genetic variants and their allele frequency distribution, especially 5 pathogenic variants for prevalent genetic disorders in Vietnam. We also observed major discrepancies in the allele frequency distribution of disease-associated genetic variants between the Vietnamese and other populations, thus highlighting a need for genome-wide association studies dedicated to the Vietnamese population. The resulted database of Vietnamese genetic variants, their allele frequency distribution, and their associated diseases presents a valuable resource for future genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Hieu Tran
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Thanh Binh Vo
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | - Hong-Anh Thi Pham
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Hong Thuy Dao
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Mai Nguyen
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Yen-Linh Thi Van
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Vu Uyen Tran
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Giang Vu
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Quynh-Tram Nguyen Bui
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Phuong-Anh Ngoc Vo
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Huu Nguyen Nguyen
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Nien Vinh Lam
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Cao Thi Ngoc
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Division of Molecular Hematology, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | | | - Hoa Giang
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. .,Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Minh-Duy Phan
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. .,School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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7
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Nguyen HT, Tran DH, Ngo QD, Pham HAT, Tran TT, Tran VU, Pham TVN, Le TK, Le NAT, Nguyen NM, Vo BT, Nguyen LT, Nguyen TCV, Bui QTN, Nguyen HN, Luong BA, Le LGH, Do DM, Do TTT, Hoang AV, Dinh KT, Phan MD, Tran LS, Giang H, Nguyen HN. Evaluation of a Liquid Biopsy Protocol using Ultra-Deep Massive Parallel Sequencing for Detecting and Quantifying Circulation Tumor DNA in Colorectal Cancer Patients. Cancer Invest 2020; 38:85-93. [DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2020.1713350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Duc Huy Tran
- University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Quoc Dat Ngo
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hong-Anh Thi Pham
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thanh-Truong Tran
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Vu-Uyen Tran
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Trung Kien Le
- University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Ngoc Mai Nguyen
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Binh Thanh Vo
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Luan Thanh Nguyen
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thien-Chi Van Nguyen
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Quynh Tram Nguyen Bui
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Huu-Nguyen Nguyen
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Bac An Luong
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Duc Minh Do
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thanh-Thuy Thi Do
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Anh Vu Hoang
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Minh-Duy Phan
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Hoa Giang
- Gene Solutions, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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8
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Andrade FDO, Nguyen NM, Warri A, Hilakivi-Clarke L. Reversal of increased mammary tumorigenesis by valproic acid and hydralazine in offspring of dams fed high fat diet during pregnancy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20271. [PMID: 31889127 PMCID: PMC6937280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56854-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal or paternal high fat (HF) diet can modify the epigenome in germ cells and fetal somatic cells leading to an increased susceptibility among female offspring of multiple generations to develop breast cancer. We determined if combined treatment with broad spectrum DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor hydralazine and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) will reverse this increased risk. C57BL/6 mouse dams were fed either a corn oil-based HF or control diet during pregnancy. Starting at age 7 weeks, female offspring were administered 3 doses of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) to initiate mammary cancer. After last dose, offspring started receiving VPA/hydralazine administered via drinking water: no adverse health effects were detected. VPA/hydralazine reduced mammary tumor multiplicity and lengthened tumor latency in HF offspring when compared with non-treated HF offspring. The drug combination inhibited DNMT3a protein levels and increased expression of the tumor suppressor gene Cdkn2a/p16 in mammary tumors of HF offspring. In control mice not exposed to HF diet in utero, VPA/hydralazine increased mammary tumor incidence and burden, and elevated expression of the unfolded protein response and autophagy genes, including HIF-1α, NFkB, PERK, and SQSTM1/p62. Expression of these genes was already upregulated in HF offspring prior to VPA/hydralazine treatment. These findings suggest that breast cancer prevention strategies with HDAC/DNMT inhibitors need to be individually tailored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N M Nguyen
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - A Warri
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku Medical Faculty, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
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9
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Abstract
Background Micro-blogging services such as Twitter offer the potential to crowdsource epidemics in real-time. However, Twitter posts (‘tweets’) are often ambiguous and reactive to media trends. In order to ground user messages in epidemic response we focused on tracking reports of self-protective behaviour such as avoiding public gatherings or increased sanitation as the basis for further risk analysis. Results We created guidelines for tagging self protective behaviour based on Jones and Salathé (2009)’s behaviour response survey. Applying the guidelines to a corpus of 5283 Twitter messages related to influenza like illness showed a high level of inter-annotator agreement (kappa 0.86). We employed supervised learning using unigrams, bigrams and regular expressions as features with two supervised classifiers (SVM and Naive Bayes) to classify tweets into 4 self-reported protective behaviour categories plus a self-reported diagnosis. In addition to classification performance we report moderately strong Spearman’s Rho correlation by comparing classifier output against WHO/NREVSS laboratory data for A(H1N1) in the USA during the 2009-2010 influenza season. Conclusions The study adds to evidence supporting a high degree of correlation between pre-diagnostic social media signals and diagnostic influenza case data, pointing the way towards low cost sensor networks. We believe that the signals we have modelled may be applicable to a wide range of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel Collier
- National Institute of Informatics, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku,Tokyo, Japan.
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10
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Wain J, Pham VB, Ha V, Nguyen NM, To SD, Walsh AL, Parry CM, Hasserjian RP, HoHo VA, Tran TH, Farrar J, White NJ, Day NP. Quantitation of bacteria in bone marrow from patients with typhoid fever: relationship between counts and clinical features. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39:1571-6. [PMID: 11283089 PMCID: PMC87972 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.39.4.1571-1576.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteric fever is the only bacterial infection of humans for which bone marrow examination is routinely recommended. A prospective study of the concentrations of bacteria in the bone marrow and their relationship to clinical features was conducted with 120 Vietnamese patients with suspected enteric fever, of whom 89 had confirmed typhoid fever. Ninety-three percent of the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi samples isolated were resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and co-trimoxazole. For 81 patients with uncomplicated typhoid and satisfactory bone marrow aspirates, the number of serovar Typhi CFU in bone marrow aspirates was a median value of 9 (interquartile range [IQR], 1 to 85; range, 0.1 to 1,580) compared to 0.3 (IQR, 0.1 to 10; range, 0.1 to 399) CFU/ml in simultaneously sampled blood. The ratio of individual blood counts to bone marrow counts was 10 (IQR, 2.3 to 97.5). The number of bacteria in blood but not bone marrow was correlated inversely with the duration of preceding fever. Thus, with increasing duration of illness the ratio of bone marrow-to-blood bacterial concentrations increased; the median ratio was 4.8 (IQR, 1 to 27.5) during the first week compared with 158 (IQR, 60 to 397) during the third week. After lysing the host cells, the median ratio of viable bone marrow to blood increased, reflecting the higher concentration of intracellular serovar Typhi in the bone marrow. Effective antibiotic pretreatment had a significantly greater effect in reducing blood counts compared to bone marrow counts (P < 0.001). Thus, bacteria in the bone marrow of typhoid patients are less affected by antibiotic treatment than bacteria in the blood. The numbers of bacteria in bone marrow correlated negatively with the white blood cell (R = -0.3, P = 0.006) and platelet counts (R = -0.32, P = 0.01) and positively with fever clearance time after treatment (R = 0.4, P < 0.001). The bacterial load in bone marrow therefore may reflect the clinical course of the infection, and high levels may suppress neutrophil proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wain
- Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Unit, Centre for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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11
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Abstract
This study documented the differing prevalence rates for stages of change for physical activity across rural, suburban and inner city communities using survey methods and controlling for education, gender and disease status. Respondents (n = 4768) were participants in the baseline survey for the evaluation of the Québec Heart Health Demonstration Project, a health promotion program implemented in various communities throughout the province of Québec. A total of 2639 female and 2087 male parents answered a questionnaire they received from their grade 4 to grade 6 children. The questionnaire dealt with demographic information, health-related behaviors, and intentions for these behaviors. The response rates were 90%, 77% and 70% in the rural, suburban and inner city communities respectively. Results showed that prevalence rates differed significantly between communities with rural communities having the highest rates of readiness for physical activity in comparison to suburban and inner city communities. These findings suggest that above and beyond individual difference variables, structural components such as type of community are related to people's readiness for physical activity involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Potvin
- GRIS (Groupe de recherche interdisciplinaire en santé), Université de Montréal, Canada
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12
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Nguyen NM, Lehr JE, Pienta KJ. Pentosan inhibits angiogenesis in vitro and suppresses prostate tumor growth in vivo. Anticancer Res 1993; 13:2143-7. [PMID: 7507655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Pentosan polysulfate (PPS) is a highly negatively charged polysaccharide which has activity against multiple tumor types in the preclinical setting. We demonstrate here that Pentosan inhibits the growth of the anaplastic Dunning R3327 rat prostate adenocarcinoma MAT-LyLu when treatment was started when the tumor was not palpable but has little effect against established tumors. This inhibition may be mediated by the effect of Pentosan on endothelial cells. Pentosan, in combination with hydrocortisone, inhibits endothelial cell motility and tubule formation in vitro and inhibits capillary formation in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. These data suggest that Pentosan may be a potent inhibitor of tumor-associated angiogenesis and may be an effective agent for the prevention and/or suppression of prostate cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Nguyen
- Meyer L. Prentis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Michigan Cancer Foundation, Detroit 48201
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13
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Nguyen NM, Lehr JE, Shelley CI, Andersen JC, Pienta KJ. The effect of maltose tetrapalmitate (MTP) on prostate cancer growth in vivo and in vitro. Anticancer Res 1993; 13:2053-8. [PMID: 7507653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Maltose tetrapalmitate (MTP), a non-toxic synthetic glycolipid analog of lipid A, has been shown to have antitumor activity in tumor-transplanted animals. Its mode of action has been postulated to be as an immunoadjuvant or as an anti-angiogenesis agent. MTP has been shown to have antitumor properties in lung, bladder, mammary, colon, liver and soft tissue tumors, but its action on prostate cancer has not yet been investigated. The effect of MTP alone and in combination with hydrocortisone hemisuccinate on prostate cancer and the ability of MTP to inhibit angiogenesis were examined in this study. In vitro, MTP was minimally cytotoxic to rat prostate cancer cells and to bovine and human endothelial cells at high concentrations. In the angiogenesis inhibition assays, the MTP alone exhibited no anti-angiogenesis effect and significant anti-angiogenesis activity only when combined with hydrocortisone hemisuccinate at high doses. In vivo, however, MTP demonstrated significant inhibition of prostate cancer growth. These results suggest that MTP decreases prostate cancer growth in vivo but it is not an angiogenesis inhibitor in rat prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Nguyen
- Meyer L. Prentis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wayne State University Medical School, Detroit, MI 48201
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14
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Pienta KJ, Nguyen NM, Lehr JE. Treatment of prostate cancer in the rat with the synthetic retinoid fenretinide. Cancer Res 1993; 53:224-6. [PMID: 7678070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
N-4-Hydroxyphenylretinamide (fenretinide or 4HPR), a derivative of retinoic acid, has been demonstrated to decrease the development of prostate cancer in a rat carcinogenesis model. This study was undertaken to determine if 4HPR is an effective agent for the treatment of established prostate cancer. In vitro, 4HPR was cytotoxic to rat and human prostate cancer cells as well as endothelial cells. Utilizing three different angiogenesis inhibition assays, it was demonstrated that 4HPR inhibited angiogenesis as well as endothelial cell motility and tubule formation. In vivo, 4HPR inhibited prostate cancer growth in a significant manner. These findings suggest that 4HPR may be a potent inhibitor of early prostate cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Pienta
- Meyer L. Prentis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Michigan Cancer Foundation, Detroit 48202-0188
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15
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Webb CL, Nguyen NM, Schoen FJ, Levy RJ. Calcification of allograft aortic wall in a rat subdermal model. Pathophysiology and inhibition by Al3+ and aminodiphosphonate preincubations. Am J Pathol 1992; 141:487-96. [PMID: 1497095 PMCID: PMC1886611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Aortic allograft conduits and valves frequently undergo calcific degeneration. To study this problem, a rat subdermal model of nonvalved aortic wall allograft calcification was characterized, and experimental studies were carried out to test the hypothesis that aortic allograft preincubation in either amino-propanehydroxydiphosphonate (APDP) or AlCl3 would inhibit calcification in a rat subdermal model. Fresh thoracic aortas were harvested under sterile conditions from male Sprague-Dawley rats (350-400 g). APDP aortas were preincubated immediately in either 4 x 10(-3) mol/l, 4 x 10(-4) mol/l, or 4 x 10(-5) mol/l [14C] APDP (37 degrees C, pH 7.4) and controls were incubated in 0.05 mol/l HEPES buffer (pH 7.4, 37 degrees C, 30 min). Al3+ aortas were preincubated in either 10(-1) mol/l, 10(-2) mol/l, or 10(-3) mol/l AlCl3. Pretreated aortas were next implanted subdermally in weanling rats (3-week-old, male, Sprague-Dawley, 50-60 g) and retrieved after 21 days. Control explants retrieved at intervals up to 21 days demonstrated progressive calcification with bulk aortic allograft Ca2+ levels increasing from a preimplant value of 0.8 +/- 0.1 micrograms/mg to 129.8 +/- 12.9 micrograms/mg by 21 days. Light microscopy revealed that much of the calcium deposition was associated with elastin. Calcification was significantly inhibited in the 4 x 10(-3) mol/l and 4 x 10(-4) mol/l APDP preincubated groups was observed (Ca2+ = 0.70 +/- 0.15 micrograms/mg, 36.6 +/- 19.8 micrograms/mg, respectively versus 117.2 +/- 24.3 micrograms/mg, control). Inhibition of calcification in the groups preincubated in the two most concentrated AlCl3 solutions (Ca2+ = 13.9 +/- 4.9 micrograms/mg [10(-2) mol/l AlCl3], 36.6 +/- 7.1 micrograms/mg [10(-3) mol/l AlCl3], 171.0 +/- 13.2 micrograms/mg [control]) was also demonstrated. No adverse effects of either pretreatment, APDP, or AlCl3 were noted on bone or overall somatic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Webb
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-0576
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16
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Carrabba MM, Nguyen NM, Rauh RD. Photoelectrochemical fabrication of sawtooth gratings in n-GaAs. Appl Opt 1986; 25:4516-4518. [PMID: 20454048 DOI: 10.1364/ao.25.004516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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