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Papanikolaou V, Chrysovergis A, Adamopoulou M, Spyropoulou D, Roukas D, Papanastasiou G, Mastronikoli S, Papouliakos S, Manaios L, Tsiambas E, Pantos P, Ragos V, Fotiades P, Peschos D, Mastronikolis N, Kyrodimos E. PTEN Deregulation Mechanisms in Salivary Gland Carcinomas. Cancer Diagn Progn 2024; 4:25-29. [PMID: 38173659 PMCID: PMC10758848 DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Among the tumour suppressor genes that affect critically cell functions and homeostasis, phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted in chromosome 10 (PTEN- gene locus: 10q21) regulates the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway. PTEN is deleted, mutated or epigenetically hyper-methylated in a variety of human solid malignancies. Salivary gland carcinomas (SGCs) belong to the head and neck carcinomas (HNCs) super category of solid malignancies. Histo-pathologically, they demonstrate a significant diversity due to a variety of distinct and mixed subtypes. Genetically, they are characterized by a broad spectrum of gene and chromosomal imbalances. Referring specifically to suppressor genes, PTEN deregulation plays a critical role in signaling transduction in the corresponding SGC pre- and malignant epithelia modifying the response rates to potential targeted therapeutic strategies. In the current review, we explored the role of PTEN deregulation mechanisms that are involved in the onset and progression of SGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Papanikolaou
- First Department of Otolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aristeidis Chrysovergis
- First Department of Otolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Adamopoulou
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Department of Science and Mathematics, Deree American College, Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina Spyropoulou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Roukas
- Department of Psychiatry, 417 Veterans Army Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
| | - George Papanastasiou
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Evangelos Tsiambas
- Department of Cytology, 417 Veterans Army Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
| | - Pavlos Pantos
- First Department of Otolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios Ragos
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- First Department of Otolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Papanikolaou V, Chrysovergis A, Asimakopoulos AD, Spyropoulou D, Ragos V, Papanastasiou G, Papouliakos S, Mastronikoli S, Roukas D, Tsiambas E, Pantos P, Peschos D, Mastronikolis N, Manaios L, Fotiades P, Vylliotis A, Kyrodimos E. Impact of Amplified Oncogenes on Salivary Gland Carcinomas. Cancer Diagn Progn 2023; 3:528-532. [PMID: 37671310 PMCID: PMC10475925 DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
In normal epithelia, proto-oncogenes regulate critical intra- or intercellular functions, including cell growth and proliferation, apoptosis, and signaling transduction from the cell periphery (extracellular space) to the nucleus mediated by different pathways. Oncogenes are the mutated or amplified forms of the corresponding proto-oncogenes that are crucially involved in cell neoplastic and malignant transformation during carcinogenesis. Salivary gland carcinomas (SGCs) demonstrate a variety of histogenetic types. They are characterized by a broad spectrum of chromosomal and gene alterations. In particular, amplifications in specific genes [human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), human epidermal growth factor receptor 4 (HER4), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), Mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2), androgen receptor (AR), programmed death (ligand 1 (PD-L1), neurogenic differentiation factor 2 (NEUROD2), phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent RAC exchanger 1 protein (PREX1), cyclin-dependent kinase4/6 (CDK4/6), proline-rich acidic protein 1 (PRAP1), kell antigen system (KEL), glutamate receptor subunit epsilon 2 (GRIN2D), Ewing sarcoma RNA-binding protein 1 (EWSR1), MYC proto-oncogene (MYC)] combined or not with chromosomal numerical imbalances (aneuploidy/ polysomy/monosomy) form different genetic signatures affecting the response to monoclonal antibody-based, oncologicaly targeted regimens. Different SGC histotypes demonstrate specific combinations of mutated/amplified genes that modify their clinicohistological features. In the current molecular review, we present the most important amplified oncogenes and their impact on the biological behavior of SGCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Papanikolaou
- First Department of Otolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aristeidis Chrysovergis
- First Department of Otolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Despoina Spyropoulou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Vasileios Ragos
- Department of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - George Papanastasiou
- Department of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | | | - Dimitrios Roukas
- Department of Psychiatry, 417 Veterans Army Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Tsiambas
- Department of Cytology, 417 Veterans Army Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
- Diagnostic and Research Lab BIOCLAB, Athens, Greece
| | - Pavlos Pantos
- First Department of Otolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- First Department of Otolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Chrysovergis A, Papanikolaou V, Spyropoulou D, Roukas D, Asimakopoulos AD, Papanastasiou G, Mastronikoli S, Falidas E, Papouliakos S, Tsiambas E, Pantos P, Ragos V, Peschos D, Mastronikolis N, Kyrodimos E. Mutational Signatures in Salivary Gland Carcinomas. Cancer Diagn Progn 2023; 3:411-415. [PMID: 37405215 PMCID: PMC10316062 DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Salivary gland carcinomas belong to the head and neck carcinoma super category of malignancies. They are characterized by histopathological diversity and comprise a variety of entities and subtypes. Mucoepidermoid, adenoid cystic and salivary duct carcinomas represent the most prominent malignancies. Concerning their corresponding genetic background, a broad spectrum of gene and chromosomal imbalances has been detected. Point mutations and deletions, amplifications and translocations, combined or not with chromosomal aneuploidy/polysomy/monosomy, create a landscape of specific genetic signatures that affect the biological behavior of these tumors and modify response rates to potential targeted therapeutic strategies. In the current molecular review, we focused on the categorization and description of the most important mutational signatures in salivary gland carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristeidis Chrysovergis
- First Department of Otolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios Papanikolaou
- First Department of Otolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina Spyropoulou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Roukas
- Department of Psychiatry, 417 Veterans Army Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
| | | | - George Papanastasiou
- Department of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Evangelos Tsiambas
- Department of Cytology, 417 Veterans Army Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
| | - Pavlos Pantos
- First Department of Otolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios Ragos
- Department of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- First Department of Otolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Papanikolaou V, Kyrodimos E, Mastronikolis N, Asimakopoulos AD, Papanastasiou G, Tsiambas E, Spyropoulou D, Katsinis S, Manoli A, Papouliakos S, Pantos P, Ragos V, Peschos D, Chrysovergis A. Anti-EGFR/BRAF-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Thyroid Carcinoma. Cancer Diagn Progn 2023; 3:151-156. [PMID: 36875315 PMCID: PMC9949544 DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in significant genes located on chromosome 7 - including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and also v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF) as a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) - combined or not with numerical imbalances of the whole chromosome (aneuploidy-polysomy) are crucial genetic events involved in the development and progression of malignancies. Identification of EGFR/BRAF-dependent specific somatic mutations and other mechanisms of deregulation (i.e., amplification) is critical for applying targeted therapeutic approaches [tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs] or monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Thyroid carcinoma is a specific pathological entity characterized by a variety of histological sub-types. Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) represent its main sub-types. In the current review, we explore the role of EGFR/BRAF alterations in thyroid carcinoma in conjunction with the corresponding anti-EGFR/BRAF TKI-based novel therapeutic strategies for patients with specific genetic signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Papanikolaou
- 1st Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- 1st Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - George Papanastasiou
- Department of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Evangelos Tsiambas
- Department of Cytology, 417 Veterans Army Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina Spyropoulou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Spyros Katsinis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Pamakaristos General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Arezina Manoli
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital Sotiria, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios Papouliakos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, General Hospital "Gennimatas", Athens, Greece
| | - Pavlos Pantos
- 1st Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios Ragos
- Department of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Aristeidis Chrysovergis
- 1st Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Chrysovergis A, Papanikolaou V, Mastronikolis N, Tsiambas E, Katsinis S, Manoli A, Papouliakos S, Ragos V, Pantos P, Peschos D, Mastronikolis S, Fotiades P, Mamoulidis P, Spyropoulou D, Kyrodimos E. ALK Protein Expression Patterns in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity. In Vivo 2022; 36:1144-1149. [PMID: 35478149 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is characterized by a broad spectrum of genomic imbalances, including gross chromosomal (polysomy/aneuploidy) ones as well as specific gene alterations. Aberrant expression of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) seems to be a useful molecular marker for discriminating patients based on genetic signatures in a variety of solid malignancies, such as lung carcinoma. Our aim was to analyze ALK protein expression patterns in a series of OSCCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty (n=50) OSCC tissue sections were analyzed by implementing an ALK-based immunohistochemistry protocol. Digital image analysis was performed for measuring the corresponding protein expression levels. RESULTS ALK overexpression was observed in 14/50 (28%) OSCC tissue sections, whereas the rest 36/50 (72%) demonstrated low expression levels. ALK expression was negatively associated with grade (p=0.027) and stage (p=0.0028) of the examined cases. CONCLUSION Abnormal ALK expression in subsets of patients with OSCC seems to be related to an aggressive phenotype (advanced stage/progressive dedifferentiation). ALK protein overexpression may be used as a significant marker for applying targeted therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Evangelos Tsiambas
- Department of Pathology, Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, 401 General Army Hospital, Athens, Greece; .,Department of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Spyros Katsinis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sotiria Thoracic Diseases General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Arezina Manoli
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sotiria Thoracic Diseases General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Vasileios Ragos
- Department of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Pavlos Pantos
- First ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | | | - Panagiotis Mamoulidis
- First ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,ENT Department, ELPIS General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina Spyropoulou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- First ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Papanikolaou V, Chrysovergis A, Ragos V, Tsiambas E, Katsinis S, Manoli A, Papouliakos S, Roukas D, Mastronikolis S, Peschos D, Batistatou A, Kyrodimos E, Mastronikolis N. From delta to Omicron: S1-RBD/S2 mutation/deletion equilibrium in SARS-CoV-2 defined variants. Gene 2022; 814:146134. [PMID: 34990799 PMCID: PMC8725615 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus-related Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV) in 2002/2003, Middle-East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) in 2012/2013, and especially the current 2019/2021 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-2 (SARS-CoV-2) affected negatively the national health systems’ endurance worldwide. SARS-Cov-2 virus belongs to lineage b of beta-CoVs demonstrating a strong phylogenetic similarity with BatCoVRaTG13 type. Spike (S) glycoprotein projections -consisting of two subunits S1/S2- provide a unique crown-like formation (corona) on virion’s surface. Concerning their functional role, S1 represents the main receptor-binding domain (RBD), whereas S2 is involved in the virus-cell membrane fusion mechanism. On Nov 26th 2021, WHO designated the new SARS-CoV-2 strain – named Omicron, from letter ‘’όμικρον’’ in the Greek alphabet - as a variant of concern (B.1.1529 variant). Potentially this new variant is associated with high transmissibility leading to elevated infectivity and probably increased re-infection rates. Its impact on morbidity/mortality remains under investigation. In the current paper, analyzing and comparing the alterations of SARS-CoV-2 S RNA sequences in the defined variants (Alpha to Omicron), we observed some interesting findings regarding the S1-RBD/S2 mutation/deletion equilibrium that maybe affect and modify its activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aris Chrysovergis
- 1ST ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios Ragos
- Dept of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Greece
| | - Evangelos Tsiambas
- Dept of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Cytology, Molecular Unit, 417 Veterans Army Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece.
| | - Spyros Katsinis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital "Sotiria", Athens, Greece
| | - Arezina Manoli
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital "Sotiria", Athens, Greece
| | | | - Dimitrios Roukas
- Department of Psychiatry, 417 Veterans Army Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
| | | | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Greece
| | - Anna Batistatou
- ENT Department, Medical School, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Efthimios Kyrodimos
- 1ST ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Kyrodimos E, Chrysovergis A, Mastronikolis N, Tsiambas E, Manaios L, Roukas D, Pantos P, Ragos V, Peschos D, Papanikolaou V. Impact of Ubiquitination Signaling Pathway Modifications on Oral Carcinoma. Cancer Diagn Progn 2022; 2:1-6. [PMID: 35399999 DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Among intra-cellular homeostasis mechanisms, ubiquitination plays a critical role in protein metabolism regulation by degrading proteins via activating a broad spectrum of ubiquitin chains. In fact, ubiquitination and sumoylation signaling pathways are characterized by increased complexity regarding the molecules and their interactions. The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System (Ub-PS) recognizes and targets a broad spectrum of protein substrates. Ubiquitin conjugation modifies each substrate protein determining its biochemical fate (degradation). A major functional activity of Ub-PS is autophagy mechanism regulation. Interestingly, Ub-PS promotes all stages of bulk autophagy (initiation, execution, and termination). Autophagy is a crucial catabolic process that provides protein degradation and for this reason the interaction with Ub-PS is crucial. Furthermore, ubiquitination controls and regulates specific types of protein targets. Ub-PS is also involved in oxidative cellular stress and DNA damage response. Additionally, the functional role of Ub-PS in ribosome machinery regulation seems to be crucial. Concerning carcinogenesis, Ub-PS is involved in malignant disease development and progression by negatively affecting the corresponding TGF-B-, MEEK/MAPK/ERK-JNK- dependent signaling pathways. In the current review article, we describe the role of Ub-PS biochemical modifications and alterations in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthimios Kyrodimos
- 1st ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | - Aristeidis Chrysovergis
- 1st ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Evangelos Tsiambas
- Department of Cytology, Molecular Unit, 417 Veterans Army Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece.,Department of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Dimitrios Roukas
- Department of Psychiatry, 417 Veterans Army Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
| | - Pavlos Pantos
- 1st ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios Ragos
- Department of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Vasileios Papanikolaou
- 1st ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
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Kyrodimos E, Chrysovergis A, Mastronikolis N, Tsiambas E, Ragos V, Peschos D, Spyropouloy D, Pantos P, Niotis A, Papanikolaou V. Impact of Topoisomerases Complex Deregulation on Head and Neck Carcinoma Genomic Instability. Anticancer Res 2021; 41:2773-2779. [PMID: 34083267 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.15058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck carcinoma (HNC) comprises a variety of pathological entities. Among them, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is histo-pathologically prominent. Specific malignancies, such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) arise also from the same anatomical region. In all of them, genomic instability (GI) is implicated not only in the early stages of epithelial malignant transformation, but also in the aggressiveness of the corresponding phenotypes. Among the molecules that are frequently deregulated in solid malignancies including HNCs, topoisomerases (Topo) are of increased significance due to their involvement in DNA topological, structural, and functional stability. The main members are Topo I (20q11), Topo II alpha (17q21) and Topo IIb (3p24). In the current article, we describe the mechanisms of Topo I and Topo IIa deregulation leading to GI in a variety of HNCs. Furthermore, novel data regarding the corresponding targeted therapeutic strategies are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthymios Kyrodimos
- First Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hippocration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aristeidis Chrysovergis
- First Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hippocration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Evangelos Tsiambas
- Department of Cytology, Immunocytochemistry & Molecular Biology Unit, 417 VA Hospital, Athens, Greece;
| | - Vasileios Ragos
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Despoina Spyropouloy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Pavlos Pantos
- First Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hippocration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Vasileios Papanikolaou
- First Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hippocration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Papanikolaou V, Chrysovergis A, Mastronikolis S, Tsiambas E, Ragos V, Peschos D, Spyropoulou D, Pantos P, Niotis A, Mastronikolis N, Kyrodimos E. Impact of K-Ras Over-expression in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. In Vivo 2021; 35:1611-1615. [PMID: 33910843 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Oncogene up-regulation combined with suppressor gene down-regulation is a crucial genetic combination that promotes cell neoplastic phenotype and progressively malignant transformation in solid malignancies, including laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Among oncogenes, the Kirsten ras oncogene homolog (K-Ras) is involved in LSCC onset and progression. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixty (n=60) primary LSCC tissue sections were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Digital image analysis (DIA) was also implemented for measuring K-Ras protein expression levels. RESULTS High K-Ras protein expression levels were observed in 20/60 (33.3%) LSCC tissue sections, whereas the rest of the cases (n=40; 66.7%) demonstrated low expression. Overall K-Ras expression was borderline significantly associated to the grade of the examined malignancies (p=0.048), whereas no other strong statistical correlations were identified. A progressive K-Ras overexpression was observed in all grades of the examined cases. CONCLUSION K-Ras over expression is correlated to a progressive dedifferentiation in LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vasileios Ragos
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Despoina Spyropoulou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Pavlos Pantos
- 1 ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- 1 ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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10
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Chrysovergis A, Papanikolaou V, Mastronikolis N, Spyropoulou D, Adamopoulou M, Tsiambas E, Ragos V, Peschos D, Roukas D, Stavraka C, Niotis A, Kyrodimos E. C-Fos Digital Expression Analysis in Human PapillomavirusRelated Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.31557/apjcb.2021.6.2.117-121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fos Proto-Oncogene (c-Fos) represents a well analyzed gene involved in solid malignancies’ development and progression. The corresponding protein forms heterodimer with c-jun, a strong transcription factor. C-Fos/c-Jun complex influences critically the intracellular signal transduction to the nucleus. Our aim was to detect and evaluate c-Fos protein expression patterns in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) tissues. Materials and Methods: Fifty (n=50) formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary OSCCs tissue sections were used. Immunohistochemistry and digital image analysis were implemented for identifying and evaluating c-Fos protein expression levels, respectively. Results: C-Fos protein over expression (moderate to high imunostaining intensity values) was observed in 28/50 (56%) tissue cores, whereas low expression rates were detected in the rest of the examined cases (22/50- 44%). C-Fos overall expression was strongly associated with the stage and grade of the examined tumors (p=0.014, p=0.003, respectively) and also with Human papillomavirus (HPV) persistent infection (p=0.004). c-Fos up regulation is frequently observed in OSCCs. Conclusion: C-Fos high expression levels are correlated with an aggressive phenotype (advanced stage/lymph node metastasis) in patients with OSCC, especially in HPV positive cases, especially High Risk subtypes. Due to its elevated oncogenic activity, c-Fos should be a target for novel therapeutic strategies in OSCC combined or not with other oncogenes involving in signaling transduction pathways.
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Papanikolaou V, Kyrodimos E, Mastronikolis N, Tsiambas E, Ragos V, Chrysovergis A. Topoisomerase IIa protein expression analysis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J BUON 2021; 26:769-773. [PMID: 34268934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Topoisomerases represent a super-family of nucleic enzymes involved in the DNA replication, transcription, recombination, and also chromosome topological formation. Topoisomerase II alpha (Topo IIa-gene location 17q21) is a critical gene associated with response to chemotherapeutic agents such as anthracyclines especially in breast adenocarcinoma. Our aim was to investigate the role of aberrant Topo IIa protein expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS Fifty formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary OSCCs tissue sections were used. Immunohistochemistry was performed using an anti- Topo IIa antibody. Digital image analysis was implemented for evaluating objectively the protein expression levels on the corresponding stained nuclei. RESULTS Topo IIa protein overexpression (moderate to high immunostaining intensity values) was observed in 29/50 (58%) tissue cores, whereas low expression rates were detected in the remaining cases (21/50;42%). Topo IIa overall expression was strongly associated with the differentiation grade of the examined tumors (p=0.037) and also with human papillomavirus (HPV) positivity (p=0.029). No other statistical correlations were identified. CONCLUSIONS Topo IIa overexpression is observed in significant subsets of OSCCs correlated with the grade of differentiation. Additionally, HPV persistent infection is associated with increased Topo IIa protein expression levels. Topo IIa expression analysis should be critical for identifying patients eligible for applying specific chemotherapeutic strategies based on anti-Topo IIa agents.
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Ragos V, Chrysovergis A, Mastronikoli S, Sioka C, Asimakopoulos A, Giotakis E, Tsiambas E, Niotis A, Fotiades P, Kyrodimos E, Mastronikolis N. Reconstructing carcinoma of the lip commissure and buccal mucosa: an oncosurgical alternative approach. J BUON 2021; 26:781-784. [PMID: 34268936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe a new technique of surgical treatment of the lip commissure or buccal mucosa carcinomas, where we use local flaps (skin, buccal mucosa) of the sliding type. METHODS According to the current technique, the ectomy ranges horizontally and in a cuneiform shape towards the side of the buccal cavity, and in the whole thickness of the layer (skin - mucosa), where the neoplastic focus is enclosed. RESULTS The difference in our technique consists of the following: To the vertical bi-cuneiform part of the wound a horizontal cuneiform part (with the top showing upwards) is added, with extent and width analogous to those of the cancerous injury (tri-cuneiform ectomy). The width of the gap across its horizontal part is larger on the side of the mucosa (continuous line), compared to the one along the side of the skin (punctuated line), since the mucosa, as a more versatile tissue, can be sutured easily, in contrast to the buccal skin, which is of greater thickness and shows lack of versatility, so that it can be pulled on with difficulty in order to be sutured. The planning of the injury, according to our described technique, facilitates the broad ectomy of the intraoral injuries in the area of the lip commissure and the buccal mucosa, with immediate suture of the flaps (buccal and skin gap), and the occlusion of the wound by primary intention. CONCLUSIONS Using this specific technique, in the cases of extended injuries infiltrating the skin or the subcutaneous tissue, the harming use of transposition (sliding or free) flaps is avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Ragos
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; 21st
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Mastronikolis N, Chrysovergis A, Tsiambas E, Kyrodimos E. Microsatellite instability (MSI) markers in thyroid carcinoma. J BUON 2021; 26:1169. [PMID: 34268987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Mastronikolis
- 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, University of Patras, Greece
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Kyrodimos E, Chrysovergis A, Mastronikolis N, Tsiambas E, Ragos V, Roukas D, Fotiades P, Papanikolaou V. Targeting EGFR in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J BUON 2021; 26:759-761. [PMID: 34268932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) represents a specific, aggressive pathological entity included in the Head and Neck Carcinoma (HNC) family of malignancies. NPC is derived from the nasopharyngeal epithelia expressing a high invasive and metastatic potential affecting negatively patients' prognosis due to poor survival rates. Concerning pathogenetic factors implicated in its rise and progression, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent but persistent infection is considered the main one. Novel therapeutic strategies are based on targeting specific molecules such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by applying anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies (mABs) that block their natural ligands interrupting also aberrant signal transduction to nucleus. Anti-EGFR therapies combined or not with radiotherapy seem to be a very promising tool in handling the corresponding patients with NPC that demonstrate specific genetic signatures. In the current article, we focused on presenting EGFR expression in NPC combined with novel anti-EGFR agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthymios Kyrodimos
- 1st ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Avdulla CS, Papadas T, Mastronikolis N, Jelastopulu E. Epidemiological Characteristics and Survival Analysis of Patients With Nasopharyngeal Cancer in Western Greece. Cureus 2021; 13:e14711. [PMID: 34055550 PMCID: PMC8156549 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.14711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study is to assess the overall survival (OS) of patients with nasopharyngeal cancer and the factors affecting the survival rates. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed, including 77 patients with nasopharyngeal cancer diagnosed and treated in the Otorhinolaryngology Clinic of the University Hospital of Patras during 1990-2017. The prognostic impact of age, gender, occupation, smoking/alcohol, and TNM staging were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results During the last 28 years, nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) was higher in men (80.5% of patients) than women (19.5%) (mean age 56-years). Most patients were smokers (64.9%, mean 70 pack-years) and 35 (45.5%) of them were alcohol users. Postoperative staging indicated 39% stage-III, 26% stage-IV, and 26% stage-I. Histologically, 70.1% of the volumes were WHO-III, 20.8% WHO-II, and 5.2% WHO-I. Also, 98.7% of patients received radiotherapy, 85.7% chemotherapy, and 20.8% surgery. More than half were farmers (26%), self-employed (16.9%), and workers (14.3). During the follow-up (mean 66 months), 38 (49.5%) patients died, 88.9% from disease-related causes. The 5-year survival was 58.8%, 74.5% for non-smokers, and 49.1% for smokers, and 10-year survival was 43.6%, 63.4%, and 31.6%, respectively (p=0.016). Moreover, significant statistical differences were observed in age (p=0.054), time period of diagnosis and treatment (p=0.002), cause of death (p=0.033), and metastatic disease (p=0.023). Conclusions Age, stage in disease detection, tumor characteristics, treatment, and tobacco abuse are important factors that affect the OS of patients with NPC during the three last decades.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Theodoros Papadas
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Patras, Patras, GRC
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Tsiambas E, Chrysovergis A, Papanikolaou V, Mastronikolis N, Ragos V, Batistatou A, Peschos D, Kavantzas N, Lazaris AC, Kyrodimos E. Impact of Ribosome Activity on SARS-CoV-2 LNP - Based mRNA Vaccines. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:654866. [PMID: 33959636 PMCID: PMC8093617 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.654866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus-related Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-2 (SARS-CoV-2) initially was detected in Wuhan, Hubei, China. Since early 2021, World Health Organization (WHO) has declared Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic due to rapidly transformed to a globally massive catastrophic viral infection. In order to confront this emergency situation, many pharmaceutical companies focused on the design and development of efficient vaccines that are considered necessary for providing a level of normalization in totally affected human social-economical activity worldwide. A variety of vaccine types are under development, validation or even some of them have already completed these stages, initially approved as conditional marketing authorisation by Food and Drug Administration (FDA), European Medicines Agency (EMA), and other national health authorities for commercial purposes (in vivo use in general population), accelerating their production and distribution process. Innovative nucleoside-modified viral messenger RNA (v-mRNA)-based vaccines encapsulated within nanoparticles-specifically lipid ones (LNPs)-are now well recognized. Although this is a promising genetic engineering topic in the field of nanopharmacogenomics or targeted nucleic vaccines, there are limited but continuously enriched in vivo data in depth of time regarding their safety, efficacy, and immune response. In the current paper we expand the limited published data in the field of ribosome machinery and SARS-CoV-2 mRNA fragment vaccines interaction by describing their functional specialization and modifications. Additionally, alterations in post-transcriptional/translational molecules and mechanisms that could potentially affect the interaction between target cells and vaccines are also presented. Understanding these mechanisms is a crucial step for the next generation v-mRNA vaccines development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Tsiambas
- Department of Cytology, Molecular Unit, 417 Veterans Army Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Aristeidis Chrysovergis
- 1st ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios Papanikolaou
- 1st ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Vasileios Ragos
- Department of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Anna Batistatou
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kavantzas
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas C. Lazaris
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | - Efthimios Kyrodimos
- 1st ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
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Chrysovergis A, Papanikolaou V, Mastronikolis N, Spyropoulou D, Adamopoulou M, Tsiambas E, Peschos D, Ragos V, Kyrodimos E. Comparative E-Cadherin Digital Expression Analysis in HPV and non-HPV Related Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity. Anticancer Res 2021; 41:163-167. [PMID: 33419809 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.14761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) demonstrates aggressive biological behavior in subgroups of patients with specific molecular characteristics. Concerning metastatic potential, disruption of cell to cell adhesion is a critical event in epithelial malignancies including OSCC. Our aim was to investigate the role of E-Cadherin expression in OSCC patients as a valuable protein marker. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty (n=50) tissue sections derived from primary OSCCs were analyzed by implementing an immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay based on a proper anti-E-cadherin antibody. Digital image analysis was also implemented for an objective evaluation of the corresponding protein expression levels. RESULTS E-cadherin altered expression (low to negative) was observed in 34/50 (68%) cases, whereas the rest (16/50-32%) demonstrated normal (high to moderate) expression. E-Cadherin abnormal expressionwas associated with the stage of the examined malignancies (p=0.023), whereas no significant correlations with grade, gender, smoking status or human papilloma virus (HPV) history were observed. CONCLUSION E-Cadherin down regulation is frequently observed in OSCC and is correlated to a progressively aggressive phenotype of the malignancy in the corresponding patients (advanced stage), but it seems that the impact of HPV persistent infection on these patients is not a critical parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristeidis Chrysovergis
- 1 ENT Department, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios Papanikolaou
- 1 ENT Department, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Despoina Spyropoulou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Maria Adamopoulou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Vasileios Ragos
- Dept of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- 1 ENT Department, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Mastronikolis N, Tsiambas E, Roukas D, Fotiades P, Chrysovergis A, Papanikolaou V, Kyrodimos E, Mastronikoli S, Niotis A, Ragos V. Micro-RNAs signatures in papillary thyroid carcinoma. J BUON 2020; 25:2144-2146. [PMID: 33277828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Among biomarkers that should be useful for a molecular discrimination of patients regarding treatment strategies and prognosis in solid malignancies, novel micro-RNAs (miRs) are under investigation. Quite recently, miRs are considered very promising and significant genetic markers for categorizing patients by their molecular characteristics, as well as extending their complicated genetic signatures. miRs are short, non-coding RNAs consisting of 20-25 nucleotides located at intra- or inter-gene regions. Functional miRs mediate a positive regulation of posttranscriptional gene silencing. Their deregulation in cancer cells due to genetic (e.g., mutations, translocations), epigenetic (e.g., DNA hyper-methylation of tumor suppressor genes, extensive genomic DNA hypo-methylation, aberrant histone modification patterns) and transcriptional alterations lead to a loss of miRs-mediated repression of target mRNA. Interestingly, a biphasic role of miRs in cancers of different histogenetic origin has been confirmed. In some of them, their upregulation is correlated with an increased oncogenic activity, whereas in others, the same miR type acts as a suppressor agent. Thyroid carcinoma comprises different histological subtypes, such as papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), and medullary thyroid carcinoma. In the current molecular review, we explored the role of a specific fraction of miRs in PTC subtype by categorizing them according to their up- or down-regulation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Mastronikolis
- Dept of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, University of Patras, Greece
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Chrysovergis A, Papanikolaou V, Mastronikolis N, Tsiambas E, Ragos V, Peschos D, Riziotis C, Stavraka C, Roukas D, Kyrodimos E. Chromosome 17 In Situ Hybridization Grid-based Analysis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Anticancer Res 2020; 40:3759-3764. [PMID: 32620615 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.14365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an aggressive malignancy due to its increased ability for local metastases and distant lymph node metastases. Extensive cytogenetic analyses have detected chromosome instability (CI) patterns in OSCC including gross chromosome numerical alterations, such as polysomy and sporadically monosomy that negatively affect the biological behaviour of the malignancy. Our aim was to investigate the frequency and impact of chromosome 17 (Chr 17) numerical imbalances in OSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty (n=50) formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary OSCCs tissue sections were used. Chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) was implemented for detecting Chr 17 centromeric numerical imbalances. Concerning the screening process in CISH slides, a novel real-time reference and calibration grid platform was implemented. RESULTS Chr 17 multiple copies were observed in 12/50 (24%) of the examined cases. Polysomy was observed in 10/50 (20%) tissue sections, monosomy in 2/50 (4%), whereas the rest of them demonstrated a normal, diploid pattern (38/50-76%). Chr 17 numerical differences were associated with the grade of differentiation of the examined tumors (p=0.001). CONCLUSION Chr 17 numerical imbalances (polysomy predominantly and monosomy) are observed in sub-groups of OSCCs correlating with a progressive dedifferentiation of malignant tissues. The proposed grid-based platform on CISH slides provides a novel, fast and accurate screening-mapping mechanism for detecting chromosome numerical aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vasileios Ragos
- Department of Maxillofacial-Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Christos Riziotis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, Photonics for Nanoapplications Laboratory, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece.,Defence and Security Research Institute, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Chara Stavraka
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guy's and St Thomas, NHS Foundation Trust, London, U.K
| | - Dimitrios Roukas
- Department of Psychiatry, 417 VA (NIMTS) Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- 1 ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Tsinias G, Nikou S, Mastronikolis N, Bravou V, Papadaki H. Expression and prognostic significance of YAP, TAZ, TEAD4 and p73 in human laryngeal cancer. Histol Histopathol 2020; 35:983-995. [PMID: 32378727 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Hippo signaling pathway plays a critical role in organ size control and tissue homeostasis and its perturbation is associated with tumorigenesis. YAP (Yes associated protein) and TAZ (transcriptional co-activator with PDZ- binding motif) are the major nuclear effectors of the Hippo pathway interacting with TEADs (TEA domain) and p73 transcriptional factors to regulate gene expression. Altered expression of the above proteins promotes tumor initiation, progression and metastasis in a variety of cancer types. This study addresses their expression and prognostic significance in human laryngeal carcinoma. METHODS Protein expression of YAP, TAZ, TEAD4 and p73 was examined by immunohistochemistry in 121 human laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas. Correlations with clinicopathological data and survival were evaluated. RESULTS All proteins were overexpressed in human laryngeal carcinomas compared to non-neoplastic adjacent epithelium. High expression of YAP, TAZ, TEAD4 and p73 correlated significantly with high grade, advanced stage, supraglottic location of tumor, nodal metastases and recurrence. Furthermore, high expression of all proteins was significantly associated with poor overall and disease- free survival. p73 expression proved to be an independent predictive factor of survival and YAP expression proved to be an independent predictive factor of disease recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Deregulation of the expression of the Hippo pathway proteins is implicated in human laryngeal carcinogenesis and YAP and p73 have prognostic significance in the outcome of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Tsinias
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University General Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece.,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Patras School of Medicine, Patras, Greece
| | - Sofia Nikou
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Patras School of Medicine, Patras, Greece
| | - Nicholas Mastronikolis
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University General Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Bravou
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Patras School of Medicine, Patras, Greece.
| | - Helen Papadaki
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Patras School of Medicine, Patras, Greece.
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Mastronikolis N, Rigopoulos D, Kordela V, Tsiambas E. Diabetes mellitus as a risk factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma development. J BUON 2020; 25:1667. [PMID: 32862624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Mastronikolis
- Dept of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, University of Patras, Greece
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Tsiambas E, Papanikolaou V, Chrysovergis A, Mastronikolis N, Ragos V, Kavantzas N, Lazaris AC, Kyrodimos E. Coronavirus in Hematologic Malignancies: Targeting Molecules Beyond the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) Wall in COVID-19. Pathol Oncol Res 2020; 26:2823-2825. [PMID: 32333199 PMCID: PMC7182393 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-020-00810-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Tsiambas
- Department of Cytology, 401 & 417 VA Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece. .,Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 17 Patriarchou Grigoriou E΄ Street, Ag. Paraskevi, 153 41, Athens, Greece.
| | | | | | - Nicholas Mastronikolis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Vasileios Ragos
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kavantzas
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 17 Patriarchou Grigoriou E΄ Street, Ag. Paraskevi, 153 41, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas C Lazaris
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 17 Patriarchou Grigoriou E΄ Street, Ag. Paraskevi, 153 41, Athens, Greece
| | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- 1st ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Papanikolaou V, Chrysovergis A, Mastronikolis N, Tsiambas E, Ragos V, Peschos D, Stavraka C, Roukas D, Kyrodimos E. Topoisomerase IIa Protein Expression Patterns in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Anticancer Res 2020; 40:807-811. [PMID: 32014923 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.14012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Topoisomerase II alpha (TopoIIa) is a critical gene associated with response to chemo-therapeutic agents, such as anthracyclines, especially in breast adenocarcinoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of aberrant TopoIIa protein expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty (n=50) LSCC cases were enrolled in the study. Immunohistochemistry and a digital image analysis assay were implemented. RESULTS TopoIIa protein overexpression was observed in 32/50 (64%) cases, whereas low expression rates were detected in 18/50 (36%). TopoIIa overall expression presented strong association with the grade of the examined malignant tissues and borderline association with stage. TopoIIa overexpression correlated also with Human papillomavirus (HPV) positivity. CONCLUSION TopoIIa overexpression was observed in significant subsets of LSCCs, and correlated predominantly with the grade of differentiation. HPV persistent infection seems to be associated with increased TopoIIa protein expression. TopoIIa expression analysis appears to be critical in identifying sub-groups of patients eligible for specific chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Papanikolaou
- First Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aristeidis Chrysovergis
- First Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Evangelos Tsiambas
- Department of Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Biology, 401 General Army Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios Ragos
- Department of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Chara Stavraka
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, U.K
| | - Dimitrios Roukas
- Department of Psychiatry, 417 VA (NIMTS) Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- First Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Mastronikolis N, Ragos V, Fotiades P, Papanikolaou V, Kyrodimos E, Chrysovergis A, Mastronikolis S, Tsiambas E. mdm2 oncogene in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. J BUON 2020; 25:594-596. [PMID: 32521839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) demonstrates increasing rates worldwide due to viral-related (High Risk Human Papilloma Virus-HR HPV) persistent infection, cigarette and alcohol consumptions. Gross chromosomal alterations and specific gene aberrations-such as amplifications, deletions, point mutations-combined or not with epigenetic changes are responsible for the progressive transformation of normal squamous epithelia to their malignant phenotype. Among oncogenes that are implicated in the development and progression of LSCC, mouse double minute 2 homolog / murine double minute 2 (mdm2) seems to be an interesting marker for the biological behavior of the malignancy. Mdm2 is a proto-oncogene (gene locus: 12q14.3), encodes for a nuclear-localized E3 ubiquitin ligase, and acts as a major negative regulator in p53-mdm2 auto-regulatory pathway. Mdm2 directly binds to p53 and represses its transcriptional activity and promotes p53 proteasomal degradation. Aberrant mdm2 overexpression is a frequent observation in breast carcinomas, whereas there are limited data regarding LSCC. In the current molecular review we explored the role and specific aspects of mdm2 gene in LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Mastronikolis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, University of Patras
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25
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Tsiambas E, Mastronikolis N, P Fotiades P, Kyrodimos E, Chrysovergis A, Papanikolaou V, Mastronikolis S, Peschos D, Roukas D, Ragos V. c-Jun/c-Fos complex in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. J BUON 2020; 25:618-620. [PMID: 32521843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
During laryngeal carcinogenesis, a variety of genomic imbalances are involved in hyperplastic and dysplastic laryngeal epithelia as early or progressive genetic events, respectively. Oncogenes' overactivation is a crucial genetic event in malignant and pre-malignant neoplastic epithelia. Especially, deregulation of crucial pathways including transcription factors - such as c-Fos and c-Jun - leads to an aberrant expression of other crucial genes responsible for cell homeostasis. Upregulation of c-Fos and c-Jun proto-oncogenes -due to increased copy numbers (amplification) or intra-genic point mutations- seems to be correlated with aggressive biological behaviour in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (LSCCs). In the current special molecular article we explored the role of c-Fos/c-Jun complex deregulation in LSCC.
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Kyrodimos E, Papanikolaou V, Tsiambas E, Kikidis D, Peschos D, Ragos V, Mastronikolis N, Riziotis C, Chrysovergis A. Cyclin D1 Gene Numerical Imbalances in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Tissue Microarray Grid Based Analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:379-384. [PMID: 32102514 PMCID: PMC7332136 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.2.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deregulation of critical proteins involved in cell cycle stability, such as cyclins, is a frequent genetic event in the development and progression of solid malignancies. Concerning laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), cyclin D1 oncogenic transformation leads to an aberrant protein expression and seems to affect the biological behaviour of the neoplasm. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation of cyclin D1 numerical imbalances with the corresponding protein expression levels in LSCCs. MATERIAL AND METHOD Using tissue microarray (TMA) technology, fifty (n=50) histologically confirmed primary LSSCs were cored at a diameter of 1.5 mm. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) analyses were applied. Concerning the screening process in CISH slides, a novel real-time reference and calibration grid platform was implemented. RESULTS Protein overexpression was observed in 22/50 (44%) cases; whereas, gene amplification was seen in 13/50 (26%) cases (p=0.02). Combined protein/ gene deregulation was associated with the stage of malignancy (p= 0.0014, p=0.001), whereas overall protein expression was strongly correlated with the grade of tumour (p= 0.001). CONCLUSION Cyclin D1 gene amplification led to aberrant protein expression in LSCCs and it was also correlated with an aggressive biological behaviour. To best of our knowledge, this study was the first described grid based CISH analysis under conventional bright field microscopy for detecting gene numerical imbalances while providing a novel and accurate description for screening-mapping process in the entire slide area.<br />.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthymios Kyrodimos
- 1st ENT Dept, Hippocration Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios Papanikolaou
- 1st ENT Dept, Hippocration Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Tsiambas
- Department of Pathology-Cytology, 401 GAH, Athens, Greece.,Department of Pathology, 417 VA Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kikidis
- 1st ENT Dept, Hippocration Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Greece
| | - Vasileios Ragos
- Department of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Greece
| | - Nicholas Mastronikolis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Christos Riziotis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, Photonics for Nanoapplications Laboratory, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
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E Armata I, Mastronikolis N, Tsiambas E, Ragos V. HPV mediated carcinogenesis: the role of k-ras mutations. J BUON 2020; 25:585. [PMID: 32277691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
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28
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Christodoulopoulos N, Mastronikolis N, Tsiambas E, Jelastopulu E, Spyropoulou D, Lygeros S, Danielides G, Mastronikolis S, A Papadas T. Impact of different therapeutic regimens on survival of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J BUON 2019; 24:2418-2422. [PMID: 31983114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) demonstrates specific histo-genetic features that affect its biological behaviour. Our aim was to investigate the correlation between different therapeutic approaches and survival of patients with NPC in southwestern Greece based on specific clinicopathological features. METHODS Seventy-two NPC patients (n=72) were treated between 1990 and 2014 at the University Hospital of Patras. Patient demographics, tumor histology, use of tobacco and alcohol, exposure to mutagenic agents, chosen treatment and survival were recorded. All patients were treated with radiotherapy (RT), chemotherapy, surgery or their combinations. RESULTS In the patients who used immobilization mask during RT, the 5-year survival rate and overall survival was higher than the rest of patients (57% and 6 years vs. 13.6% and 3.36 years, p=0.0001, respectively)*. RT with mask combined with chemotherapy increased survival rates compared to RT without chemotherapy conventional regimen (p=0.0001). Additionally, patients who received chemotherapy demonstrated a 5-year survival of 51.6% compared to those without chemotherapy (11% p=0.0014). (*The 5-year survival rate group of patients refers to the percentage of people who will be alive 5 years after diagnosis. It does not include those who die from other diseases. Sometimes, this includes all people with a specific cancer type. Researchers call this an overall rate. In contrast, overall survival provides information for the length of time from either the date of diagnosis or the start of treatment for a disease, such as cancer, that patients diagnosed with the disease are still alive. In a clinical trial, measuring the overall survival is one way to see how well a new treatment works.) Conclusions: In the majority of examined NPC cases treated with the use of immobilization RT mask along with chemotherapy, a significantly better prognosis compared to conventional RT-chemotherapy treatment was observed. Thus, chemotherapy offers an advantage to patient survival as an adjuvant treatment regimen in conjunction with RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Christodoulopoulos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece
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29
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Mastronikolis N, Ragos V, Kyrodimos E, Chrysovergis A, Papanikolaou V, Mastronikolis S, Stamatelopoulos A, Tsiambas E. Mechanisms of C-myc oncogenic activity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. J BUON 2019; 24:2242-2244. [PMID: 31983089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) demonstrates increased rates due to pathogenetic factors including tobacco, chronic alcohol consumption and also viral-mediated deregulation. During carcinogenetic process, laryngeal epithelia accumulate gross chromosome and specific gene aberrations. Oncogenes’ overactivation is a crucial genetic event in malignant and pre-malignant neoplastic epithelia. Among oncogenes, C-myc (gene locus: 8q24.12-q24.13) acts as a strong transcription factor, implicated in the control of cell differentiation and apoptosis. Upregulation of the gene - due to increased copy numbers (amplification) - seems to be correlated with aggressive biological behaviour in LSCCs. In the current special molecular article we explored the role of C-myc deregulation in LSCC.
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30
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Sampsonas E, Kaparianos A, Tzelepi V, Zolota V, Karkoulias K, Tsiamita M, Mastronikolis N, Spiropoulos K. Miliary pattern due to occupational lung disease in a patient with laryngeal cancer. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2010; 14:43-45. [PMID: 20184088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation of metal dusts and fumes can induce a wide range of respiratory disorders, including granulomatosis, chemical pneumonitis and pulmonary interstitial disease. Laryngeal cancer is the most common cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract. We present a patient with occupational lung disease whose chest CT showed miliary nodular pattern, with concurrent laryngeal cancer who had been engaged in type printing for 22 years. Histology of the laryngeal lession showed squamous cell laryngeal cancer. Histology of the nodules showed a foreign body granulomatous response with several foreign body cells, most probably due to exposure to numerous inorganic (lanthanides, elements such us La, Ce, Nd, Sm, EU, Tb, Lu) and organic particles (such us acrylates, epoxy- and urethane-acrylates).
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sampsonas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pneumology, University Hospital of Rio, Patras, Greece
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31
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Papadas T, Dimopoulos PA, Sampsonas F, Mastronikolis N, Spiropoulos K, Goumas PD. Cystic thymoma coexisting with vascular dysplasia. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2008; 12:335-338. [PMID: 19024220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report the case of a 23-year-old female patient, who was admitted to our hospital because of aggravating pain in the right shoulder, right chest and ear accompanied by cough and dyspnea. Imaging revealed a soft tissue mass in the mediastinum in close relation with an additional large mass extending in the right upper thorax, right axilla and neck. The tissue obtained during surgery showed the former mass to be a cystic thymoma, being in contact with an extensive vascular dysplasia. The characteristic clinical presentation, the contribution of imaging, the results of operation, and the follow-up are rather unique. The review of the literature did not reveal similar cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Papadas
- Department of Otolaryngology, University Hospital, Rion, Patras, Greece
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Papadas T, Chorianopoulos D, Mastronikolis N. Nasopharyngeal adenoid cystic carcinoma: a rare nasopharyngeal tumor. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2007; 11:55-7. [PMID: 17405348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is the most common histologic subtype of the salivary gland malignancies, but it is very rare in the nasopharynx with relatively few cases reported in the literature. We report a case of a 57 year-old woman with an ACC in the right Rosenmuller fossa of the nasopharynx, treated with combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy, without any recurrence or intracranial spread detected until the recent follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Papadas
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Patras, Greece
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Christopoulos T, Papageorgakopoulou N, Theocharis D, Aletras A, Tsiganos C, Papadas T, Mastronikolis N, Goumas P, Vynios D. Diagnostic and classification value of metalloproteinases in squamous human laryngeal carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.25.2.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Shreif
- Department Of Otolaryngology-Head And Neck Surgery, Lebanese Specialty Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
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35
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Spiropoulos K, Charokopos N, Petsas T, Trakada G, Dougenis D, Mazarakis A, Christodoulou J, Peristerakis A, Ginopoulos P, Mastronikolis N, Alexopoulos D. Non-invasive estimation of pulmonary arterial hypertension in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Lung 1999; 177:65-75. [PMID: 9929404 DOI: 10.1007/pl00007631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The feasibility and reliability of the combination of several noninvasive methods using a multivariate method of analysis to predict pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is evaluated in 20 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. These methods comprised arterial blood gases (Pao2, Paco2), pulmonary functional parameters (FEV1), echo-Doppler parameters (tricuspid regurgitation jets, acceleration time on pulmonary valve), computed tomography measurements (transhilar distance, hilar thoracic index, and measurement of the descending branch of the right pulmonary artery to the lower lobe). A multiple stepwise regression analysis (including one Doppler parameter, two parameters of arterial blood gases, and one functional parameter) revealed a coefficient of determination (R2) equal to 0.954 for mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) with a standard error of estimate (S.E.E.) of 5.25 mmHg. A stepwise regression analysis including computed tomography and radiographic parameters revealed an R2 equal to 0.970 for PAP with a S.E.E. of 4.26 mmHg. Logistical regression analysis classified correctly 80% of patients with PAH using noninvasive methods such as the diameter of the main pulmonary artery and the diameter of the left pulmonary arterial branch calculated by computed tomography. Not only the presence of PAH but also the level of MPAP can be estimated by the combination of multiple stepwise and logistical regression analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Spiropoulos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Patras, PC 26500 Patras, Greece
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