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Virdin J, Basurto X, Nico G, Harper S, Del Mar Mancha-Cisneros M, Vannuccini S, Ahern M, Anderson CM, Funge-Smith S, Gutierrez NL, Mills DJ, Franz N. Fishing for subsistence constitutes a livelihood safety net for populations dependent on aquatic foods around the world. Nat Food 2023; 4:874-885. [PMID: 37749393 PMCID: PMC10589092 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-023-00844-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Fishing for subsistence constitutes a livelihood safety net for poverty, malnutrition and gender inequality for populations dependent upon aquatic foods around the world. Here we provide global estimates showing that almost the same amount of small-scale fishers engage in subsistence fishing at some point during the year as in commercial employment and use subsistence estimates to measure small-scale fisheries' livelihood safety net function. In 2016, we estimate that 52.8 million people were engaged in subsistence fishing at some point during the year, while another 60.2 million people were commercially employed (90% of global fisheries employment). From 14 country case studies, it was possible to estimate that the subsistence catch provided an average apparent intake of six nutrients critical for positive health outcomes, equivalent to 26% of the recommended daily nutrient intake for 112.5 million people, higher than the national average contribution of beef or poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Virdin
- Duke Marine Lab, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, NC, USA.
| | - Xavier Basurto
- Duke Marine Lab, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, NC, USA
| | - Gianluigi Nico
- World Bank, Rome, Italy
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Sarah Harper
- School of Environmental Studies, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Maria Del Mar Mancha-Cisneros
- Duke Marine Lab, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, NC, USA
- Scripps Institute of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Stefania Vannuccini
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Molly Ahern
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Christopher M Anderson
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences and Center for Sustaining Seafood, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Simon Funge-Smith
- FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nicolas L Gutierrez
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - David J Mills
- WorldFish and Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicole Franz
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
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2
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Pantoja V, González V, Viveros G, Catalán M, González F, Franz N, Soto-Salazar C, Valenzuela V, Jadue G, Valencia P, Harden N, Crispi F. Análisis de contenido de los protocolos de acoso sexual de los 29 Servicios de Salud en Chile. Rev chil salud pública 2022. [DOI: 10.5354/0719-5281.2022.69147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducción: El acoso sexual es un tipo frecuente de violencia de género que atenta profundamente contra la integridad personal y los derechos humanos. Este se puede presentar en diferentes contextos, y aún hoy en día los centros de salud no están libres de esta práctica. Actualmente existen instructivos presidenciales que establecen que todos los Servicios de Salud deben contar con protocolos de acoso sexual. El objetivo de esta revisión es evaluar los protocolos de acoso sexual de los Servicios de Salud de Chile dirigidos a personal de salud.
Materiales y Métodos: Se desarrolló un análisis de contenido de los 29 protocolos de acoso sexual de los Servicios de Salud con respecto a los instructivos presidenciales 2015 y 2018. Se generaron 14 ítems de evaluación. Se extrajo el contenido de cada protocolo por ítem, y luego se categorizó de forma cuantitativa (muy adecuado, adecuado, insuficiente, ausente) y se realizó una síntesis de su contenido de forma cualitativa. Se describió el grado de cumplimiento de cada uno de los ítems, y se desarrolló análisis de contenido.
Resultados: Se analizó el 100% de protocolos de los Servicios de Salud. Se evidenció heterogeneidad en la calidad de los mismos, con falencias importantes en el enfoque preventivo, claridad del proceso y medidas reparatorias.
Discusión: Los hallazgos sugieren una revisión de los protocolos de acoso sexual para optimizar y homogeneizar su calidad y pertinencia.
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3
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Simmance FA, Nico G, Funge-Smith S, Basurto X, Franz N, Teoh SJ, Byrd KA, Kolding J, Ahern M, Cohen PJ, Nankwenya B, Gondwe E, Virdin J, Chimatiro S, Nagoli J, Kaunda E, Thilsted SH, Mills DJ. Proximity to small-scale inland and coastal fisheries is associated with improved income and food security. Commun Earth Environ 2022; 3:174. [PMID: 35966220 PMCID: PMC9362682 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-022-00496-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Poverty and food insecurity persist in sub-Saharan Africa. We conducted a secondary analysis of nationally representative data from three sub-Saharan Africa countries (Malawi, Tanzania, and Uganda) to investigate how both proximity to and engagement with small-scale fisheries are associated with household poverty and food insecurity. Results from the analysis suggest that households engaged in small-scale fisheries were 9 percentage points less likely to be poor than households engaged only in agriculture. Households living in proximity to small-scale fisheries (average distance 2.7 km) were 12.6 percentage points more likely to achieve adequate food security and were 15 percentage points less likely to be income poor, compared to the most distant households. Households distant from fishing grounds (>5 km) were 1.5 times more likely to consume dried fish compared to households living close. Conserving the flow of benefits from small-scale fisheries is important for meeting the Sustainable Development Goals in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gianluigi Nico
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Simon Funge-Smith
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Xavier Basurto
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, USA
| | - Nicole Franz
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Molly Ahern
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Edith Gondwe
- Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - John Virdin
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, USA
| | | | | | - Emmanuel Kaunda
- Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | | | - David J. Mills
- WorldFish, Penang, Malaysia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
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4
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Short RE, Gelcich S, Little DC, Micheli F, Allison EH, Basurto X, Belton B, Brugere C, Bush SR, Cao L, Crona B, Cohen PJ, Defeo O, Edwards P, Ferguson CE, Franz N, Golden CD, Halpern BS, Hazen L, Hicks C, Johnson D, Kaminski AM, Mangubhai S, Naylor RL, Reantaso M, Sumaila UR, Thilsted SH, Tigchelaar M, Wabnitz CCC, Zhang W. Author Correction: Harnessing the diversity of small-scale actors is key to the future of aquatic food systems. Nat Food 2021; 2:828. [PMID: 37117989 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-021-00396-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E Short
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Stefan Gelcich
- Instituto Milenio en Socio-ecologia Costera & Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - David C Little
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Fiorenza Micheli
- Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Ben Belton
- WorldFish, Batu Maung, Malaysia
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Resource Economics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Simon R Bush
- Environmental Policy Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ling Cao
- School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Beatrice Crona
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Global Economic Dynamics and the Biosphere, Royal Swedish Academy of Science, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Philippa J Cohen
- WorldFish, Batu Maung, Malaysia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Omar Defeo
- Facultad de Ciencias, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Peter Edwards
- School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Khlong Luang, Thailand
| | - Caroline E Ferguson
- School of Earth, Energy, and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nicole Franz
- Fisheries Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Christopher D Golden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin S Halpern
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Lucie Hazen
- Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | - Christina Hicks
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Derek Johnson
- Department of Anthropology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | | | - Rosamond L Naylor
- Department of Earth System Science and Center on Food Security and the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Melba Reantaso
- Fisheries Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - U Rashid Sumaila
- Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Michelle Tigchelaar
- Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | - Colette C C Wabnitz
- Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
- Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Short RE, Gelcich S, Little DC, Micheli F, Allison EH, Basurto X, Belton B, Brugere C, Bush SR, Cao L, Crona B, Cohen PJ, Defeo O, Edwards P, Ferguson CE, Franz N, Golden CD, Halpern BS, Hazen L, Hicks C, Johnson D, Kaminski AM, Mangubhai S, Naylor RL, Reantaso M, Sumaila UR, Thilsted SH, Tigchelaar M, Wabnitz CCC, Zhang W. Harnessing the diversity of small-scale actors is key to the future of aquatic food systems. Nat Food 2021; 2:733-741. [PMID: 37117475 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-021-00363-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Small-scale fisheries and aquaculture (SSFA) provide livelihoods for over 100 million people and sustenance for ~1 billion people, particularly in the Global South. Aquatic foods are distributed through diverse supply chains, with the potential to be highly adaptable to stresses and shocks, but face a growing range of threats and adaptive challenges. Contemporary governance assumes homogeneity in SSFA despite the diverse nature of this sector. Here we use SSFA actor profiles to capture the key dimensions and dynamism of SSFA diversity, reviewing contemporary threats and exploring opportunities for the SSFA sector. The heuristic framework can inform adaptive governance actions supporting the diversity and vital roles of SSFA in food systems, and in the health and livelihoods of nutritionally vulnerable people-supporting their viability through appropriate policies whilst fostering equitable and sustainable food systems.
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Ahern MB, Thilsted SH, Kjellevold M, Overå R, Toppe J, Doura M, Kalaluka E, Wismen B, Vargas M, Franz N. Locally-Procured Fish Is Essential in School Feeding Programmes in Sub-Saharan Africa. Foods 2021; 10:foods10092080. [PMID: 34574190 PMCID: PMC8466277 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish make an important contribution to micronutrient intake, long-chained polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFAS), and animal protein, as well as ensuring food and nutrition security and livelihoods for fishing communities. Micronutrient deficiencies are persistent in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), contributing to public health issues not only in the first 1000 days but throughout adolescence and into adulthood. School feeding programs (SFPs) and home-grown school feeding programs (HGSF), which source foods from local producers, particularly fisherfolk, offer an entry point for encouraging healthy diets and delivering essential macro- and micronutrients to schoolchildren, which are important for the continued cognitive development of children and adolescents and can contribute to the realization of sustainable development goals (SDGs) 1, 2, 3, 5, and 14. The importance of HGSF for poverty alleviation (SDG1) and zero hunger (SDG 2) have been recognized by the United Nations Hunger Task Force and the African Union Development Agency-New Partnership for African Development (AUDA-NEPAD), which formulated a strategy for HGSF to improve nutrition for the growing youth population across Africa. A scoping review was conducted to understand the lessons learned from SFPs, which included fish and fish products from small-scale producers, identifying the challenges and best practices for the inclusion of fish, opportunities for improvements across the supply chain, and gaps in nutritional requirements for schoolchildren which could be improved through the inclusion of fish. Challenges to the inclusion fish in SFPs include food safety, supply and access to raw materials, organizational capacity, and cost, while good practices include the engagement of various stakeholders in creating and testing fish products, and repurposing fisheries by-products or using underutilized species to ensure cost-effective solutions. This study builds evidence of the inclusion of nutritious fish and fish products in SFPs, highlighting the need to replicate and scale good practices to ensure sustainable, community-centred, and demand-driven solutions for alleviating poverty, malnutrition, and contributing to greater health and wellbeing in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly B. Ahern
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 00153 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | | | | | - Ragnhild Overå
- Department of Geography, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway;
| | - Jogeir Toppe
- Sub-Regional Office for Mesoamerica, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Panama City 32408, Panama;
| | - Michele Doura
- School-Based Programmes Unit, World Food Programme, 00148 Rome, Italy; (M.D.); (E.K.)
| | - Edna Kalaluka
- School-Based Programmes Unit, World Food Programme, 00148 Rome, Italy; (M.D.); (E.K.)
| | | | - Melisa Vargas
- Nutrition Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 00153 Rome, Italy;
| | - Nicole Franz
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 00153 Rome, Italy;
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Iskhakov B, Dohnalova P, Iskhakova J, Mustac T, Yuabov A, Macanian J, Israel E, Locurto N, Franz N, Fazilov G, Shenouda M, Bodnar RJ. Strain differences in muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonism of fat intake and acquisition and expression of fat-conditioned flavor preferences in male BALB/c, C57BL/6 and SWR mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2019; 187:172792. [PMID: 31593740 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2019.172792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Murine strain differences occur for both intakes of and preferences for sugars and fats. Previous studies demonstrated that the muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist, scopolamine (SCOP) more potently reduced sucrose and saccharin intakes in inbred C57BL/6 and BALB/c than SWR mice, sucrose-conditioned flavor preferences (CFP) expression in BALB/c, but not C57BL/6 or SWR mice, and sucrose-CFP acquisition in BALB/c relative to SWR and C57BL/6 mice. Although fat intake and fat-CFP are observed in all three strains, strain-specific effects were previously observed following dopamine D1, opiate and NMDA receptor antagonism of sweet and fat intake and CFP. The present study investigated whether muscarinic receptor antagonism differentially affected fat (Intralipid) intake and preferences in these strains by examining whether SCOP altered fat (Intralipid) intake and fat-CFP expression and acquisition in BALB/c, C57BL/6 and SWR mice. SCOP (0.1-10 mg/kg) significantly reduced Intralipid (5%) intake in all three strains across 2 h. In fat-CFP expression experiments, food-restricted mice consumed one flavored (conditioned stimulus (CS)+, 5 sessions) Intralipid (5%) solution and a differently-flavored (CS-, 5 sessions) Intralipid (0.5%) solution. Two-bottle CS choice tests with the two flavors mixed in 0.5% Intralipid occurred following vehicle and two SCOP doses (1, 5 mg/kg). SCOP elicited small, but significant reductions in fat-CFP expression in BALB/c and C57BL/6, but not SWR mice. In fat-CFP acquisition experiments, separate groups of BALB/c, C57BL/6 and SWR mice were treated prior to the ten acquisition training sessions with vehicle or two SCOP (2.5, 5 mg/kg) doses followed by six two-bottle choice tests without injections. SCOP eliminated fat-CFP acquisition in all three strains. Thus, muscarinic receptor signaling mediates learning, and to a lesser degree maintenance of fat-CFP while maximally inhibiting fat intake in the three strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Iskhakov
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, CUNY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Asnat Yuabov
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, CUNY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Nicole Franz
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, CUNY, USA
| | | | | | - Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, CUNY, USA; Psychology Doctoral Program and CUNY Neuroscience Collaborative, CUNY Graduate Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Schulte-Eistrup S, Reiss N, Sindermann J, Schmidt T, Warnecke H, Ritter F, Franz N, Kowalski M. Tricuspid Clipping during LVAD Support: First in Human Report. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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9
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Marques L, Rodrigues J, Lothhammer N, Franz N, Bos-Mikich A. Follicle and stroma integrity after holding ovarian tissue for up to 8 hours before vitrification in a metal closed system. JBRA Assist Reprod 2013. [DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20130056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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10
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Fan Y, Zhang AM, Weng YG, Huebler M, Miera O, Franz N, Qian GS, Hetzer R. Factors associated with the need of biventricular mechanical circulatory support in children with advanced heart failure. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2012; 43:1028-35. [DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezs481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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11
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Manyalich M, Navarro A, Koller J, Loty B, de Guerra A, Cornu O, Vabels G, Fornasari PM, Costa AN, Siska I, Hirn M, Franz N, Miranda B, Kaminski A, Uhrynowska I, Van Baare J, Trias E, Fernández C, de By T, Poniatowski S, Carbonell R. European quality system for tissue banking. Transplant Proc 2010; 41:2035-43. [PMID: 19715826 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2009.06.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aims of this project were to analyze the factors that influence quality and safety of tissues for transplantation and to develop the method to ensure standards of quality and safety in relation to tissue banking as demanded by European Directive 2004/23/EC and its technical annexes. It is organized in 4 Working Groups, the objectives of each one being focused in a specific area. STANDARDS The Guide of Recommendations for Tissue Banking is structured into 4 parts: (1) quality systems that apply to tissue banking and general quality system requirements, (2) regulatory framework in Europe, (3) standards available, and (4) recommendations of the fundamental quality and safety keypoints. REGISTRY This Working Group handled design of a multinational musculoskeletal tissue registry prototype. TRAINING This Working Group handled design and validation of a specialized training model structured into online and face-to-face courses. The model was improved with suggestions from students, and 100% certification was obtained. AUDIT The Guide for Auditing Tissue Establishments provides guidance for auditors, a self-assessment questionnaire, and an audit report form. The effectiveness and sustainability of the outputs were assessed. Both guides are useful for experienced tissue establishments and auditors and also for professionals that are starting in the field. The registry prototype proves it is possible to exchange tissues between establishments throughout Europe. The training model has been effective in educating staff and means having professionals with excellent expertise. Member states could adapt/adopt it. The guides should be updated periodically and perhaps a European organization should take responsibility for this and even create a body of auditors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Manyalich
- Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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12
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Heringlake M, Kox T, Poeling J, Klaus S, Hanke T, Franz N, Eberhardt F, Heinze H, Armbruster FP, Bahlmann L. The effects of physical exercise on plasma levels of relaxin, NTproANP, and NTproBNP in patients with ischemic heart disease. Eur J Med Res 2009; 14:106-12. [PMID: 19380280 PMCID: PMC3352058 DOI: 10.1186/2047-783x-14-3-106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like and vasodilatatory polypeptide relaxin (RLX), formerly known as a pregnancy hormone, has gained interest as a potential humoral mediator in human heart failure. Controversy exists about the relation between plasma levels of RLX and the severity of heart failure. The present study was designed to determine the course of RLX, atrial, and brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proANP and NT-proBNP) during physical exercise in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and to relate hormone levels to peak cardiac power output (CPO) as a measure of cardiopulmonary function with prognostic relevance. 40 patients with IHD were studied during right-heart-catheterization at rest and during supine bicycle ergometry. RLX, NTproBNP, and NTproANP were determined before, during exercise, and after recovery. NT-proANP and NT-proBNP levels increased during maximal charge, and recovery while RLX levels decreased. Cardiac power output at maximal charge correlated inversely with NTproANP and NTproBNP but positively with RLX. Patients with high degree heart failure (CPO < 1.96 W) had higher NTproANP and NTproB-NP and lower RLX levels than patients with low degree heart failure. While confirming the role of NTproANP and NTproBNP as markers for the severity of heart failure, the present data do not support the concept that plasma levels of RLX are related to the severity of myocardial dysfunction and that systemic RLX acts as a compensatory vasodilatatory response hormone in ischemic heart disease.
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13
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Lins M, Heuer H, Haude M, Braun P, Stahl F, Franz N, Simon R. Distal embolic protection during percutaneous intervention of aorto-coronary venous bypass grafts: The FIRST Trial. Clin Res Cardiol 2007; 96:738-42. [PMID: 17694384 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-007-0553-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2006] [Accepted: 05/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interventions in aorto-coronary venous bypass grafts (CABG) can cause acute procedural complications due to distal embolization of debris. In the FIRST (First European Investigation Regarding the Systematic use of the TriActiv device) multicenter trial the distal endovascular protection system TriActiv (Kensey Nash) was evaluated during intervention of CABG. METHODS 195 patients in 17 centers in Germany with significant disease of a vein graft were enrolled. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were comparable to the SAFER trial. RESULTS Acute procedural success was achieved in 98% of cases. Aspirated debris was found in 96.5% of patients. Primary endpoints (MACE at 30 days) occurred in 8.7% of all pts. (ITT). No patient died and 7.2% of patients suffered from MI. The rate of early revascularization was 1.5%. Secondary endpoints (MACCE at 30 days) were found in 9.2% and at hospital discharge in 8.7% of patients. CONCLUSIONS The TriActiv system is safe and effective. Normal post procedural flow can be preserved and the MACE rate is with 8.7% considerably low. The FIRST trial supports the growing belief that PCI of CABG should be performed with protection systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lins
- University Clinic Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Department of Cardiology, Schittenhelmstrasse 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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14
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Lüdorff G, Franz N, Thale J, Warnecke H. [Intravascular ultrasound-guided diagnosis after transmural anterior ischemia and cardiogenic shock]. Z Kardiol 2003; 92:267-72. [PMID: 12658475 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-003-0910-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Acute coronary syndrome, if complicated by cardiogenic shock, has a high mortality. Urgent coronary angiography is important for decision of therapy. The present paper reports on a patient without angiographically high grade stenosis after thrombolysis. The intravascular ultrasound examination (IVUS) was important for diagnosis of ruptured plaque of the left main stem. Therapy options are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lüdorff
- Schüchtermann-Klinik, Herzzentrum Osnabrück-Bad Rothenfelde, Ulmenallee 11, 49214 Bad Rothenfelde, Germany.
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Heringlake M, Kox T, Uzun O, Klaus S, Bahlmann L, Franz N, Thale J, Klotz K. Crit Care 2003; 7:P203. [DOI: 10.1186/cc2092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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16
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Kowalski M, Rees W, Konturek PC, Grove R, Scheffold T, Meixner H, Brunec M, Franz N, Konturek JW, Pieniazek P, Hahn EG, Konturek SJ, Thale J, Warnecke H. Detection of Helicobacter pylori specific DNA in human atheromatous coronary arteries and its association to prior myocardial infarction and unstable angina. Dig Liver Dis 2002; 34:398-402. [PMID: 12132786 DOI: 10.1016/s1590-8658(02)80036-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic infections have been proposed to play a role in the aetiology or progression of atherosclerotic plaques. Increased risk of coronary artery disease has been suggested in patients seropositive for Helicobacter pylori. AIM To analyse coronary specimens in patients with severe (coronary artery disease) for Helicobacter pylori specific DNA. PATIENTS AND METHODS Atherosclerotic plaques were obtained in 46 consecutive patients (9 female, 37 male, mean age 62.7+/-9.17 years) during coronary bypass procedures. Serum was analysed for IgG -/cagA-antibodies specific for Helicobacter pylori. Polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis were used to identify bacterial DNA. Coronary artery biopsies from 19 autopsies without coronary artery disease were examined as a control group. RESULTS Of the 46 coronary artery disease patients, 32 (69.6%) were Helicobacter pylori seropositive. Positive results for Helicobacter pylori DNA showed 18 seropositive and 4 seronegative (with anamnesis of eradication therapy). A total of 22 patients (47.8%) of the coronary artery disease group but none of controls revealed positive DNA. In the coronary artery disease group, a correlation between DNA presence and prior myocardial infarction (p=0.008) and unstable angina (p<0.001) was found. CONCLUSION Identification of DNA in atherosclerotic plaques of patients with severe coronary artery disease supports the hypothesis that Helicobacter pylori infection may influence the development of atherosclerosis. Our results may indicate an direct involvement of Helicobacter pylori in the progression and instability of plaques in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kowalski
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Heart Center Osnabrück, Bad Rothenfelde, Germany
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Wistorf N, Dorsel T, Franz N, Kowalski M, Thale J, Warnecke H. [Cerebral embolism as the first manifestation of left ventricular metastatic bronchial carcinoma]. Z Kardiol 2002; 91:342-6. [PMID: 12063707 DOI: 10.1007/s003920200036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Commonly the diagnosis of cardiac metastases in extracardiac cancer is difficult because of predominant symptoms of the underlying disease. In the reported case, a cerebral embolization was the first manifestation of a bronchogenic carcinoma with left ventricular metastasis. A 58-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital with symptoms of an incomplete left-sided hemiparesis that occurred without prodromi. Other clinical abnormalities were not found. The two-dimensional echocardiogram showed a small space-occupying lesion in the left ventricle. Clinical symptoms completely disappeared within 3 days of heparin therapy. In order to prevent repeated embolization (after angiographic exclusion of coronary stenoses), the tumor was excised by cardiac surgery. In the histologic examination, malignant tumor cells were found. As primary origin, a small peripheral bronchogenic carcinoma with (clinically silent) additional metastases to the left adrenal gland and the right pelvic bone was found. The patient died 7 months later because of progressive metastatic cancer disease. Thus (on one hand) the reported case underlines the value of echocardiographic examination in suspected heart manifestation of cancer disease. On the other hand, in patients with heart tumors prior to curative therapy, additional diagnostic procedures (such as CT or MRI) should be performed in order to detect extracardiac tumor manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Wistorf
- Josephs-Hospital Kapellenstr. 41, 48231 Warendorf, Germany
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Graff J, Klinkhardt U, Schini-Kerth VB, Harder S, Franz N, Bassus S, Kirchmaier CM. Close relationship between the platelet activation marker CD62 and the granular release of platelet-derived growth factor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002; 300:952-7. [PMID: 11861803 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.300.3.952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of CD62 on the surface of platelets is considered to be an indicator of platelet degranulation and secretion. We characterized the relationship between CD62 expression and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)(AB) and PDGF(BB) secretion in response to thrombin-receptor activating peptide (TRAP). The principal findings were 1) expression of CD62 as a constituent of platelet alpha-granule membrane and secretion of PDGF, an important ingredient of alpha-granules, can be stimulated by TRAP-induced activation in a dose-dependent fashion; 2) the activation marker and secretion product are closely correlated with each other; and 3) changes in the CD62 expression induced by a drug, namely clopidogrel, or by a disease, namely diabetes, are paralleled by changes in PDGF secretion. Although CD62 is perceived as an activation marker of platelets indicating enhanced aggregability and secretion of alpha-granular content, the proof that the CD62 status and its modifications reflect directly the actual secretion of the most important platelet mitogen, PDGF, has so far not been given. This ex vivo-in vitro study shows that at least for the activation pathway provided by the PAR-1 receptor for which TRAP is the selective agonist, CD62 expression on platelets could be a surrogate for their secretory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Graff
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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Graff J, Andries D, Elsner M, Westrup D, Bassus S, Franz N, Klinkhardt U, Harder S. Platelet CD62 expression and PDGFAB secretion in patients undergoing PTCA and treatment with abciximab. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2001; 51:577-82. [PMID: 11422017 PMCID: PMC2014496 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2125.2001.01392.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To investigate a correlation of the platelet activation marker CD62 and secretion of the growth factor PDGF from platelets in coronary patients under therapy with the GPIIb/IIIa-inhibitor abciximab. METHODS Flow cytometric assessment of fibrinogen binding (GPIIb/IIIa-binding site) and CD62 expression, as well as PDGF release of human platelets (immunoassay) and platelet aggregation with 20 microM ADP and 2 microg ml(-1) collagen were evaluated in nine patients with stable coronary artery disease. Patients were undergoing elective balloon angioplasty and were treated with aspirin (100 mg day(-1)), heparin (ACT < 220 s) and abciximab (bolus and infusion over 12 h). Blood samples were obtained before initiation of abciximab therapy (under aspirin and heparin) (I), 3 h after angioplasty under abciximab (II) and 12 h after termination of abciximab infusion (III). RESULTS Compared with sample I before abciximab therapy, fibrinogen binding was reduced to 37% (+/- 34 s.d., P < 0.05) (II) and 55% (+/- 40 s.d., P < 0.05) (III). Reduced fibrinogen binding also led to a significant reduction of the aggregation response to ADP (down to 37% +/- 20) and collagen (down to 0%). Mean fluorescence intensity of CD62-expression was 78 units (+/- 20 s.d.) (I), 72 units (+/- 14 s.d.) (II) and 64 units (+/- 12 s.d., P < 0.05) (III). PDGF release from isolated, washed platelets was 99 (+/- 33 s.d.) ng/10(9) platelets at (I), 82 (+/- 31 s.d.) ng/10(9) platelets and 96 (+/- 30 s.d.) ng/10(9) platelets. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that despite a strong reduction of GPIIb/IIIa-binding and platelet aggregation, CD62 as a marker of platelet secretion and the secretion product PDGF were only slightly reduced under abciximab treatment. No direct correlation between CD62 expression and PDGF release could be demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Graff
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical School of the J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Pasic M, Ewert R, Engel M, Franz N, Bergs P, Kuppe H, Hetzer R. Aortic rupture and concomitant transection of the left bronchus after blunt chest trauma. Chest 2000; 117:1508-10. [PMID: 10807844 DOI: 10.1378/chest.117.5.1508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a patient with traumatic aortic rupture and preoperatively unrecognized complete disruption of the bronchus for the left lower lobe. Preoperative state was complicated by inadequate oxygenation due to total atelectasis of the unventilated collapsed left lower lobe with consequent significant shunting of the unoxygenated blood. The patient had no massive pneumothorax because the intact peribronchial tissue and pleura covered the injured place, preventing important air leakage. The suspicion of possible concomitant tracheobronchial injury and early diagnostic bronchoscopy are important in patients with aortic rupture after blunt chest trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pasic
- Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Modersohn D, Franz N, Heublein B, Panzner B, Walde T, Bruch L. Acute influence of beta-adrenergic antagonists on left ventricular diastolic function: contrasting results after administration of celiprolol and metoprolol. J Hum Hypertens 1994; 8:127-32. [PMID: 7911530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Various beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists have different effects on myocardial function. A clinical study was performed in 30 patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease and systemic hypertension to compare the effects of single intravenous doses of 0.15 mg/kg celiprolol (n = 16) (third generation beta-blocking agent) and metoprolol (n = 14) (second generation) on left ventricular diastolic function. Parameters derived from pressure, volume, flow, time intervals and their combination were used to characterise diastolic function. After celiprolol administration, parameters of diastolic myocardial function improve (dp/dtip-; relaxation time constant T1, peak filling rate PFR; first-third filling rate FF1/3 or diastolic wall stress-time integral Sigdiasc) or remain unchanged. In contrast, after metoprolol administration parameters of diastolic function seem to be deteriorated (dp/dtip-, T1; Sigdiasc). This indicates an improvement in myocardial relaxation and filling under the influence of celiprolol but not under metoprolol. The left shift of the pressure-volume loops after celiprolol (n = 13), in contrast to metoprolol, supports this interpretation. Celiprolol did not show any deterioration of diastolic function in patients with coronary heart disease and arterial hypertension under these acute conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Modersohn
- Universitätsklinikum Charité, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Abt. Kardiologie, Angiologie und Pulmologie, Germany
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Hetzer R, Franz N. [Organ donation of moribund newborn infants from the viewpoint of transplantation surgery]. Z Arztl Fortbild (Jena) 1993; 87:887-90. [PMID: 8303932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Heublein B, Modersohn D, Franz N, Panzner B. Acute haemodynamic profile of celiprolol in patients with coronary heart disease and hypertension: a double-blind comparison with metoprolol. Eur Heart J 1991; 12:617-23. [PMID: 1678705 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a059949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Celiprolol is a 'third generation' beta-blocking agent which is claimed to avoid problems associated with simpler beta-blockers, such as vasoconstriction, bronchoconstriction and myocardial depression. A double-blind randomized study was undertaken in 30 patients with coronary artery disease and hypertension to compare the haemodynamic effects of single intravenous doses of 0.15 mg kg-1 celiprolol (N = 16) and metoprolol (N = 14). Following celiprolol administration, the tendency was for myocardial function to improve or remain unchanged; left ventricular end-systolic volume and ejection fraction improved significantly (P less than 0.05). However, following metoprolol administration, the tendency was for myocardial function to deteriorate, with significant falls in cardiac output (P less than 0.05), ejection fraction (P less than 0.05) and velocity of circumferential shortening (P less than 0.01). There was a tendency for peripheral resistance to fall slightly with celiprolol but to rise markedly with metoprolol (pNS). Left ventricular pressure-volume loops showed improved performance with celiprolol and deterioration with metoprolol. Both drugs resulted in increases in coronary flow and myocardial oxygen consumption (P less than 0.05). Metoprolol, but not celiprolol, resulted in some deterioration in regional left ventricular wall motion (P less than 0.05). Celiprolol appears to be haemodynamically advantageous compared to metoprolol in patients with coronary artery disease and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Heublein
- Medical High School, Dept. of Cardiology, Konstanty-Gutschow, Hannover, Germany
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Franz N, Modersohn D, Romaniuk P, Linss G. [Coronary reserve determination by intracoronary papaverine: effects of various doses on coronary circulation and hemodynamics]. Z Gesamte Inn Med 1991; 46:15-7. [PMID: 2038868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In 40 male coronary patients during heart catheterization the coronary flow reserve was investigated by continuous thermodilution in the coronary sinus after intracoronary papaverine application. Simultaneously a number of heart function parameters were recorded. Already the lowest dosage of papaverine (5 mg) was able to induce a maximal flow acceleration. Higher dosages were accompanied with haemodynamic side effects (increase of heart rate and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, decrease of left ventricular systolic pressure, appearance of myocardial ischemia) without further increase of coronary flow. After at most 5 minutes time the papaverine effects completely disappeared. In conclusion, a safe, short-lasting and repeatable determination of the coronary flow reserve (for instance during PTCA) proved to be possible after intracoronary papaverine injection in low dosages (5 mg).
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Affiliation(s)
- N Franz
- Klinik für Innere Medizin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin und Klinikum Berlin-Buch
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Franz C, Linss G, Franz N. [New aspects of the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of arterial hypertension--a review of the literature]. Z Gesamte Inn Med 1990; 45:723-8. [PMID: 2151671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The literature review reflects new aspects of pathophysiology and pathogenesis of arterial hypertension with special regard to the role of tissue renin-angiotensin-systems, endothelial and growth factors. The arteriolar wall as well as different organs produce angiotensin, which is of higher regulatory capability than the circulating angiotensin. Natriuretic hormones, endogenous opioids, neuropeptide Y and other vasoactive peptides are accepted as new humoral factors and neuromediators with different influence on the blood volume and the peripheral resistance. The vessel endothelium produces potent vasoconstricting (e.g. endothelin and vasodilating (e.g. EDRF) factors. Finally, growth factors with their potential role in vessel wall and myocardial hyperplasia/hypertrophy are analyzed. Tissue systems, endothelial and growth factors as new elements of arterial hypertension pathogenesis may influence the further development of new antihypertensive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Franz
- Klinik für Innere Medizin Theodor Brugsch, der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
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Franz N, Linss G, Modersohn D, Richter K, Lange T. [Acute changes in global and regional systolic heart function caused by pentoxifylline in patients with and without coronary sclerosis]. Z Gesamte Inn Med 1988; 43:238-42. [PMID: 3407238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In 36 patients with angina pectoris during complex invasive diagnostic procedure the changes of global and regional systolic heart function by intravenous application of 200 mg pentoxifylline were examined. We observed a significant decrease of preload (reduction of LVEDP and MCS, LVEDV was not influenced) and an improvement of myocardial pump function, possibly combined with a favourable influence on alterated myocardial blood supply. In case of perfusion disturbances of the LV anterior wall the pentoxifylline injection was followed by signs of coronary-steal-mechanism in the LV posterior wall region. We did not found significant changes of afterload. Thus the acute hemodynamic effects of an intravenous application of pentoxifylline are comparable with those of nitrates and non-glycoside-cardiotonic substances with a predominant myocardial effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Franz
- Abteilung für Kardiologie der Klinik für Innere Medizin, Bereiches Medizin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
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Heublein B, Franz N, Modersohn D, Linss G, Lange T, Specht FK, Heublein-Balint EG. [Effects of pentoxifylline on diastolic heart function in patients with angina pectoris and an increased left ventricular wall mass]. Herz 1988; 13:124-35. [PMID: 2967793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The combination of coronary heart disease (CHD) with increased left ventricular wall mass (LVWM) appears associated with prolonged isovolumetric relaxation (IVR) and consequently, alterations in the rapid filling phase. Methylxanthine-substances may improve relaxation through inhibition of phosphodiesterase activity. Accordingly we examined multiple indexes of left ventricular diastolic function before and after administration of 200 mg pentoxifylline (Trental) intravenously to 18 patients (51.3 +/- 9.0 years, 15 males, three females) with stable angina pectoris and positive exercise-ECG in NYHA class I or II and LVWM greater than 160 g (n = 9) and less than or equal to 160 g (n = 9). Left ventricular pressure (P) and volume (V) measurements were made with a high-fidelity-micromanometer before and twelve minutes after administration of pentoxifylline. The time constant of left ventricular isovolumic relaxation (T), usual global left ventricular volumes and derived indexes such as peak filling rate (PFR), time to peak filling rate (TPFR), segmental (relaxation and rapid filling phases) and total pressure-volume relationship before and after pentoxifylline were calculated. Significant differences between these two groups (greater than/less than or equal to 160 g LVWM) were found for end-diastolic volume (68.7 +/- 19.0 to 90.8 +/- 22.6 ml/sqm), end-systolic volume (21.7 +/- 16.0 to 36.1 +/- 14.7 ml/sqm), end-diastolic pressure (15.0 +/- 4.8 to 15.7 +/- 5.1 mm Hg), PFR (3.25 +/- 1.18 to 2.66 +/- 0.71 s-1), T (46.0 +/- 5.7 to 52.7 +/- 7.2 ms), the linear regression of lnP-V (lny = -0.117 x + 4.59 to lny = -0.091 x + 4.75) in the IVR-phase (dp/dtmin less than or equal to x less than or equal to 80 ms) (leftward shift in p-V-relationship when less than or equal to 160 g) and the complet p-V-areas. After pentoxifyl-line-administration there were significant decreases in T in patients with increased LVWM (52.7 +/- 7.2 to 47.7 +/- 5.9 ms) and the P-V-product over the time in the rapid filling phase in patients with LVWM less than or equal to 160 g. Total peripheral resistance and heart rate did not change. These changes in parameters of left ventricular diastolic function in combination with significant improvement of pump function especially in patients with LVWM greater than 160 g after administration of pentoxifylline suggest that improved diastolic function is the result of a direct myocardial effect of pentoxifylline.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Heublein
- Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin/DDR
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Modersohn D, Heublein B, Franz N. [Significance of the diastole in the clinical evaluation of heart function]. Z Gesamte Inn Med 1986; 41:585-92. [PMID: 2950670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The diastole is frequently neglected in the assessment of the heart function, though for a long while has been known that in the diastole active, energy-requiring processes take place. After a description of the various definitions and fundaments of the diastolic function of the ventricle the essential criteria and the methodological possibilities are mentioned. The most exact informations are to be obtained from simultaneous analyses of pressure dimensions (and volumes, respectively) with regional differentiation. In this case we are particularly interested in the early (isovolumetric) relaxation phase, since here the essential energetic processes take place, which may early be changed and which also first to all may be influenced medicamentously. By means of a listing of parameters of the diastolic ventricular function depending upon the methodological possibilities impulses shall be given to take into consideration the diastole more for diagnosis, prognosis and above all for therapy.
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Knabe J, Franz N. [Barbituric acid derivatives. 18. Oxidative elimination of the cyclohexenyl residue in N-methylcyclobarbital and hexobarbital]. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 1975; 308:308-10. [PMID: 1130974 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.19753080410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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