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Baydar Toprak O, Akpolat T, Uzun O, Pınar Deniz P, Kokturk N, Varol A, Guzel E, Ercelik M, Gultekin O, Guner R, Turan S, Gökbulut Bektaş Ş, Coskun N, Bakan N, Nuri Yakar M, Eren Kutsoylu O, Ergan B, Argun Barış S, Başyiğit I, Boyacı H, Çetinkaya F, Çolak H, Aykac N, Baran Ketencioğlu B, Türe Yüce Z, Akkaya Isık S, Serap Yılmaz E, Karaoğlanoğlu S, Berik Safci S, Ozkan G, Kose N, Kizilirmak D, Havlucu Y, Nural S, Kerget F, Sunal Ö, Yuksel A, Bestepe Dursun Z, Deveci F, Kuluozturk M, Ataoglu O, Dursun M, Keskin S, Emin Sezgin M, Aktepe Sezgin EN, Eser F, Akyildiz L, Selim Almaz M, Kayaaslan B, Hasanoğlu I, Bayrak M, Gümüş A, Sağcan G, Cuhadaroglu C, Kucuk H, Onyilmaz T, Mete B, Kilinc O, Oya Itil B. COVID-19: booster(s) vs. hospitalization and Intensive Care Unit admission. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:2132-2142. [PMID: 36930513 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202303_31586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As the pandemic continues, different vaccine protocols have been implemented to maintain the protection of vaccines and to provide protection against new variants. The aim of this study was to assess hospitalized patients' vaccination status and document the efficacy of boosters. PATIENTS AND METHODS The patients that were hospitalized due to COVID-19 were enrolled from 28 hospitals in Turkey for five months from September 2021. 5,331 confirmed COVID-19 patients from collaborating centers were randomly enrolled to understand/estimate the distribution of vaccination status in hospitalized patients and to compare the efficacy of vaccination/booster protocols. RESULTS 2,779 men and 2,552 women of which 2,408 (45.2%) were admitted to Intensive Care Units participated in this study. It was found that the highest risk reduction for all age groups was found in groups that received 4 doses. Four doses of vaccination for every 3.7 people under 50 years of age, for every 5.7 people in the 50-64 age group, and for every 4.3 people over 65 years of age will prevent 1 patient from being admitted to intensive care. Regardless of the type of vaccine, it was found that the risk of ICU hospitalization decreased in those who were vaccinated compared to those who were not vaccinated. Regardless of the type of vaccine, the ICU risk was found to decrease 1.25-fold in those who received 1 or 2 doses of vaccine, 1.18-fold in those who received 3 doses, and 3.26-fold in those who received 4 doses. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that the addition of a fourth dose is more effective in preventing intensive unit care even in disadvantaged groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Baydar Toprak
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
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Karakurt E, Coskun N, Aydın U, Beytut E, Dag S, Ataseven VS, Yılmaz V, Dogan F, Nuhoglu H, Ermutlu CS, Kuru M, Yıldız A. An investigation of bovine papillomaviruses from ocular squamous cell carcinomas in cattle. Iran J Vet Res 2023; 24:51-57. [PMID: 37378381 PMCID: PMC10291527 DOI: 10.22099/ijvr.2022.43152.6282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Ocular squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) in cattle has been studied for many years, but no definite etiology has been established. Squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) may occur in different body parts of cattle. Depending on the location, it can cause an economic loss of varying degrees. Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the causes of OSCCs in the eye region of cattle. Methods: Sixty tumoral masses taken form 60 cattle with proliferation in the eye region that were collected between the years 2012-2022 were used. These cases were admitted to our department for routine diagnosis. The tissues were diagnosed as OSCC using histopathological methods. The presence of bovine papillomavirus (BPV), one of the causative factors, was investigated using immunohistochemical and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results Macroscopically masses were nodular or cauliflower-like and fragile and had hemorrhagic surfaces. Considering the keratin pearls, tumoral islands, and squamous differentiation, 20 out of 60 cases were classified as well, 20 as moderately, and 20 as poorly-differentiated OSCCs. 47 of the 60 cases were BPV positive using immunohistochemical methods. However, BPV nucleic acid was detected in only two cases with PCR. Only one of the cases could be sequenced. After phylogenetic analysis, virus strain was identified as BPV-1. Conclusion Our results indicated that papillomaviruses can contribute to the development of OSCCs, in both precursor lesions and also advanced stage OSCCs. We found that BPV-1 has a possible causative role; however, more studies are needed to investigate the role of other viral agents and their interaction with secondary factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Karakurt
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - N Coskun
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - U Aydın
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - E Beytut
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - S Dag
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - V. S Ataseven
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - V Yılmaz
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - F Dogan
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - H Nuhoglu
- Ph.D. Student in Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - C. S Ermutlu
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - M Kuru
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - A Yıldız
- Ph.D. Student in Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
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