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Lawal DU, Abdulazeez I, Alsalhy QF, Usman J, Abba SI, Mansir IB, Sathyamurthy R, Kaleekkal NJ, Imteyaz B. Experimental Investigation of a Plate-Frame Water Gap Membrane Distillation System for Seawater Desalination. Membranes (Basel) 2023; 13:804. [PMID: 37755226 PMCID: PMC10536650 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13090804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
This study presented a detailed investigation into the performance of a plate-frame water gap membrane distillation (WGMD) system for the desalination of untreated real seawater. One approach to improving the performance of WGMD is through the proper selection of cooling plate material, which plays a vital role in enhancing the gap vapor condensation process. Hence, the influence of different cooling plate materials was examined and discussed. Furthermore, two different hydrophobic micro-porous polymeric membranes of similar mean pore sizes were utilized in the study. The influence of key operating parameters, including the feed water temperature and flow rate, was examined against the system vapor flux and gained output ratio (GOR). In addition, the used membranes were characterized by means of different techniques in terms of surface morphology, liquid entry pressure, water contact angle, pore size distribution, and porosity. Findings revealed that, at all conditions, the PTFE membrane exhibits superior vapor flux and energy efficiency (GOR), with 9.36% to 14.36% higher flux at a 0.6 to 1.2 L/min feed flow rate when compared to the PVDF membrane. The copper plate, which has the highest thermal conductivity, attained the highest vapor flux, while the acrylic plate, which has an extra-low thermal conductivity, recorded the lowest vapor flux. The increasing order of GOR values for different cooling plates is acrylic < HDPE < copper < aluminum < brass < stainless steel. Results also indicated that increasing the feed temperature increases the vapor flux almost exponentially to a maximum flux value of 30.36 kg/m2hr. The system GOR also improves in a decreasing pattern to a maximum value of 0.4049. Moreover, a long-term test showed that the PTFE membrane, which exhibits superior hydrophobicity, registered better salt rejection stability. The use of copper as a cooling plate material for better system performance is recommended, while cooling plate materials with very low thermal conductivities, such as a low thermally conducting polymer, are discouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahiru U Lawal
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Membrane and Water Security (IRC-MWS), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail Abdulazeez
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Membrane and Water Security (IRC-MWS), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qusay F Alsalhy
- Membrane Technology Research Unit, Chemical Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Alsinaa Street 52, Baghdad 10066, Iraq
| | - Jamilu Usman
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Membrane and Water Security (IRC-MWS), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sani I Abba
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Membrane and Water Security (IRC-MWS), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim B Mansir
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Energy Research and Training, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria P.M.B. 1045, Nigeria
| | - Ravishankar Sathyamurthy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems (IRC-REPS), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology (NITC), Calicut 673601, Kerala, India
| | - Binash Imteyaz
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems (IRC-REPS), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Suresh K, Nambikkattu J, Kaleekkal NJ, Lawrence K D. Custom-designed 3D printed feed spacers and TFN membranes with MIL-101(Fe) for water recovery by forward osmosis. Environ Technol 2023:1-31. [PMID: 37368861 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2231142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTIn this work, a dual-pronged approach- (i) novel thin-film nanocomposite polyether sulfone (PES) membrane with MIL-101 (Fe) and (ii) 3D printed spacers were explored to enhance water recovery by forward osmosis. The concentration of PES, pore former, draw solution, and MIL-101(Fe) was optimized for maximum pure water flux (PWF) and minimum specific reverse solute flux (SRSF). The best membrane exhibited a PWF of 7.52 Lm-2h-1 and an SRSF of 0.33 ± 0.03 gL-1 using 1.5 M NaCl. The M22 membrane with the diamond-type spacer demonstrated a PWF of 2.53 Lm-2h-1 and SRF of 0.75 gL-1. The novel spacer design imparted significant turbulence to the feed flow and a lower foulant resistance of 1.3 m-1 as compared to the ladder type (1.5 m-1) or commercial spacer (1.7 m-1). This arrangement could recover 19% pure water within 12 h of operation (98% oil rejection) with a ∼ 94% flux recovery after water wash.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Suresh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut Kerala - 673601, India
| | - Jenny Nambikkattu
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC), Kerala - 673601, India
| | - Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC), Kerala - 673601, India
| | - Deepak Lawrence K
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut Kerala - 673601, India
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Nambikkattu J, Thomas AA, Kaleekkal NJ, Arumugham T, Hasan SW, Vigneswaran S. ZnO/PDA/Mesoporous Cellular Foam Functionalized Thin-Film Nanocomposite Membrane towards Enhanced Nanofiltration Performance. Membranes (Basel) 2023; 13:membranes13050486. [PMID: 37233547 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes are the third-generation membranes being explored for nanofiltration applications. Incorporating nanofillers in the dense selective polyamide (PA) layer improves the permeability-selectivity trade-off. The mesoporous cellular foam composite Zn-PDA-MCF-5 was used as a hydrophilic filler in this study to prepare TFN membranes. Incorporating the nanomaterial onto the TFN-2 membrane resulted in a decrease in the water contact angle and suppression of the membrane surface roughness. The pure water permeability of 6.40 LMH bar-1 at the optimal loading ratio of 0.25 wt.% obtained was higher than the TFN-0 (4.20 LMH bar-1). The optimal TFN-2 demonstrated a high rejection of small-sized organics (>95% rejection for 2,4-dichlorophenol over five cycles) and salts-Na2SO4 (≈95%) > MgCl2 (≈88%) > NaCl (86%) through size sieving and Donnan exclusion mechanisms. Furthermore, the flux recovery ratio for TFN-2 increased from 78.9 to 94.2% when challenged with a model protein foulant (bovine serum albumin), indicating improved anti-fouling abilities. Overall, these findings provided a concrete step forward in fabricating TFN membranes that are highly suitable for wastewater treatment and desalination applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Nambikkattu
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC), Kozhikode 673601, India
| | - Anoopa Ann Thomas
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC), Kozhikode 673601, India
| | - Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC), Kozhikode 673601, India
| | - Thanigaivelan Arumugham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shadi W Hasan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Faculty of Sciences &, Technology (RealTek), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 As, Norway
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Nambikkattu J, Jacob Kaleekkal N. Investigating the performance of surface-engineered membranes for direct contact membrane distillation. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2178011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Nambikkattu
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
| | - Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
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Afsari M, Park MJ, Kaleekkal NJ, Motsa MM, Shon HK, Tijing L. Janus Distillation Membrane via Mussel-Inspired Inkjet Printing Modification for Anti-Oil Fouling Membrane Distillation. Membranes (Basel) 2023; 13:membranes13020191. [PMID: 36837695 PMCID: PMC9961188 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this work, inkjet printing technology was used to print a thin layer of a hydrophilic solution containing polydopamine as a binder and polyethyleneimine as a strong hydrophilic agent on a commercial hydrophobic membrane to produce a Janus membrane for membrane distillation. The pristine and modified membranes were tested in a direct-contact membrane distillation system with mineral oil-containing feedwater. The results revealed that an integrated and homogenous hydrophilic layer was printed on the membrane with small intrusions in the pores. The membrane, which contained three layers of inkjet-printed hydrophilic layers, showed a high underwater oil contact angle and a low in-air water contact angle. One-layer inkjet printing was not robust enough, but the triple-layer coated modified membrane maintained its anti-oil fouling performance even for a feed solution containing 70 g/L NaCl and 0.01 v/v% mineral oil concentration with a flux of around 20 L/m2h. This study implies the high potential of the inkjet printing technique as a facile surface modification strategy to improve membrane performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Afsari
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater (CTWW), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, P.O. Box 123, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Nutrients in a Circular Economy (NiCE), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, P.O. Box 123, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Myoung Jun Park
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater (CTWW), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, P.O. Box 123, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC), Kozhikode 673601, India
| | - Mxolisi M. Motsa
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (iNanoWS), College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Johannesburg 1709, South Africa
| | - Ho Kyong Shon
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater (CTWW), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, P.O. Box 123, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Nutrients in a Circular Economy (NiCE), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, P.O. Box 123, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Leonard Tijing
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater (CTWW), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, P.O. Box 123, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Nutrients in a Circular Economy (NiCE), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, P.O. Box 123, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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Sangeetha V, Kaleekkal NJ, Vigneswaran S. Coaxial Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes for Enhanced Water Recovery by Direct Contact Membrane Distillation. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14245350. [PMID: 36559716 PMCID: PMC9784477 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane distillation (MD) is an emerging technology for water recovery from hypersaline wastewater. Membrane scaling and wetting are the drawbacks that prevent the widespread implementation of the MD process. In this study, coaxially electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-co-HFP) nanofibrous membranes were fabricated with re-entrant architecture and enhanced hydrophobicity/omniphobicity. The multiscale roughness was constructed by incorporating Al2O3 nanoparticles and 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H Perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane in the sheath solution. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) could confirm the formation of the core-sheath nanofibrous membranes, which exhibited a water contact angle of ~142.5° and enhanced surface roughness. The membrane displayed a stable vapor flux of 12 L.m−2.h−1 (LMH) for a 7.0 wt.% NaCl feed solution and no loss in permeate quality or quantity. Long-term water recovery from 10.5 wt.% NaCl feed solution was determined to be 8−10 LMH with >99.9% NaCl rejection for up to 5 cycles of operation (60 h). The membranes exhibited excellent resistance to wetting even above the critical micelle concentration (CMC) for surfactants in the order sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) (16 mM) > cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) (1.5 mM) > Tween 80 (0.10 mM). The presence of salts further deteriorated membrane performance for SDS (12 mM) and Tween-80 (0.05 mM). These coaxial electrospun nanofibrous membranes are robust and can be explored for long-term applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivekanandan Sangeetha
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode 673601, Kerala, India
| | - Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode 673601, Kerala, India
- Correspondence: (N.J.K.); (S.V.)
| | - Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Faculty of Sciences & Technology (RealTek), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway
- Correspondence: (N.J.K.); (S.V.)
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John J, Nambikattu J, Kaleekkal NJ. An integrated Nanofiltration-Membrane Distillation (NF-MD) process for the treatment of emulsified wastewater. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2022.2131578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana John
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC), Kozhikode, India
| | - Jenny Nambikattu
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC), Kozhikode, India
| | - Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC), Kozhikode, India
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Rameesha L, Rana D, Kaleekkal NJ, Nagendran A. Efficacy of MOF-199 in improvement of permeation, morphological, antifouling and antibacterial characteristics of polyvinylidene fluoride membranes. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00005a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are widely explored for advances in hybrid membranes because of their bonding and fondness in polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Rameesha
- Polymeric Materials Research Lab, PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi – 630 003, India
| | - Dipak Rana
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur St., Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC), Kozhikode, India
| | - Alagumalai Nagendran
- Polymeric Materials Research Lab, PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi – 630 003, India
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Arumugham T, Kaleekkal NJ, Gopal S, Nambikkattu J, K R, Aboulella AM, Ranil Wickramasinghe S, Banat F. Recent developments in porous ceramic membranes for wastewater treatment and desalination: A review. J Environ Manage 2021; 293:112925. [PMID: 34289593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The development of membrane technology has proved vital in providing a sustainable and affordable supply of clean water to address the ever-increasing demand. Though liquid separation applications have been still dominated by polymeric membranes, porous ceramic membranes have gained a commercial foothold in microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) applications due to their hydrophilic nature, lower fouling, ease of cleaning, reliable performance, robust performance with harsh feeds, relative insensitivity to temperature and pH, and stable long-term flux. The enrichment of research and development on porous ceramic membranes extends its focus into advanced membrane separation technologies. The latest emerging nanofiltration (NF) and membrane distillation (MD) applications have witnessed special interests in constructing porous membrane with hydrophilic/functional/hydrophobic properties. However, NF and MD are relatively new, and many shortcomings must be addressed to compete with their polymeric counterparts. For the last three years (2018-2020), state-of-the-art literature on porous ceramic membranes has been collected and critically reviewed. This review highlights the efficiency (permeability, selectivity, and antifouling) of hydrophilic porous ceramic membranes in a wide variety of wastewater treatment applications and hydrophobic porous ceramic membranes in membrane distillation-based desalination applications. A significant focus on pores characteristics, pore sieving phenomenon, nano functionalization, and synergic effect on fouling, the hydrophilic porous ceramic membrane has been discussed. In another part of this review, the role of surface hydrophobicity, water contact angle, liquid entry pressure (LEP), thermal properties, surface micro-roughness, etc., has been discussed for different types of hydrophobic porous ceramic membranes -(a) metal-based, (b) silica-based, (c) other ceramics. Also, this review highlights the potential benefits, drawbacks, and limitations of the porous membrane in applications. Moreover, the prospects are emphasized to overcome the challenges in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanigaivelan Arumugham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC), Kozhikode, 673601, Kerala, India.
| | - Sruthi Gopal
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC), Kozhikode, 673601, Kerala, India
| | - Jenny Nambikkattu
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC), Kozhikode, 673601, Kerala, India
| | - Rambabu K
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed Mamdouh Aboulella
- Department of Civil Infrastructure and Environmental Engineering, Khalifa University, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - S Ranil Wickramasinghe
- Ralph E Martin Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Fawzi Banat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Nambikkattu J, Kaleekkal NJ, Jacob JP. Metal ferrite incorporated polysulfone thin-film nanocomposite membranes for wastewater treatment. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:11915-11927. [PMID: 32072412 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Effluents from food, fermentation, and sugar industries contain a large quantity of glucose which has to be removed to limit the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the water discharged. This work proposes novel thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes incorporated with MgFe2O4 and ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles to address this concern. The nanoparticles synthesized by the sol-gel method was extensively characterized and then incorporated into the active polyamide layer of the thin-film composite polysulfone membranes. The change in membrane morphology, wettability, chemical structure, and mechanical strength with the incorporation of nanoparticles was studied in detail. Membranes with 0.005 wt.% MgFe2O4 nanoparticle exhibited highest glucose rejection (96.52 ± 2.35%) at 10 bar, 25 °C, and sufficiently high pure water flux (50.54 ± 1.92 L/m2h). This membrane also displayed 69.1 ± 5.12% salt rejection when challenged with 2000 ppm synthetic NaCl solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Nambikkattu
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, 673601, India
| | - Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, 673601, India.
| | - Joel Parayil Jacob
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, 673601, India
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Ramanujam AS, Kaleekkal NJ, Kumar PS. Preparation and characterization of proton exchange polyvinylidene fluoride membranes incorporated with sulfonated mesoporous carbon/SPEEK nanocomposite. SN Appl Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-2464-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Arumugham T, Kaleekkal NJ, Rana D, Sathiyanarayanan KI. PFOM fillers embedded PVDF/cellulose dual-layered membranes with hydrophobic-hydrophilic channels for desalination via direct contact membrane distillation process. RSC Adv 2019; 9:41462-41474. [PMID: 35541587 PMCID: PMC9076459 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08945d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research work, novel perfluorooctanoic acid-modified melamine (PFOM) was synthesized as a hydrophobic filler using a facile one-pot synthesis. PFOM incorporating polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) solution was cast on a cellulose sheet to prepare a dual-layered membrane employing the phase-inversion technique for direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) application. The influence of PFOM to tailor the dual-layered membrane performance was then investigated. The long perfluoro chain in PFOM hydrophobic fillers increased the surface roughness of the membranes due to its random overlapping with PVDF backbone, and these membranes exhibited a higher water contact angle value. The increase in pore size and membrane porosity did not significantly influence the liquid entry pressure of water (LEPw). The microporous membranes displayed good mechanical strength for use in the test setup. Pure water permeation was the highest (6.9 kg m-2 h-1) for membrane (M1) with 1 wt% of PFOM when tested with a simulated sea-water solution (3.5% w/v NaCl) in the direct contact distillation mode. These membranes also achieved the theoretical salt-rejection of 99.9%, thus confirming the potential of these membranes to be investigated for large scale membrane distillation (MD) applications like desalination of seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanigaivelan Arumugham
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) Vellore Tamil Nadu India
| | - Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Membrane Separation Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC) Kerala India
| | - Dipak Rana
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Industrial Membrane Research Institute, University of Ottawa 161 Louis Pasteur St. Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Kulathu Iyer Sathiyanarayanan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) Vellore Tamil Nadu India
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Arumugham T, Amimodu RG, Kaleekkal NJ, Rana D. Nano CuO/g-C 3N 4 sheets-based ultrafiltration membrane with enhanced interfacial affinity, antifouling and protein separation performances for water treatment application. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 82:57-69. [PMID: 31133270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
To improve the interfacial affinity and antifouling properties of polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) membrane, nano CuO/g-C3N4 (g-CN) sheets were synthesized via facile calcination route as one pot synthesis method. The uniformly assembled nanohybrid fillers, CuO on g-CN sheets were confirmed by using XRD, TEM, EDX and FTIR analysis. The non-solvent induced phase inversion technique was used to fabricate the nanohybrid ultrafiltration (UF) membranes by doping different concentration (0.5-1 wt.%) of nano CuO/g-C3N4 (g-CN) sheets within the PPSU matrix. The results of contact angle, atomic force microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy reveal that surface structure and physico-chemical properties of nanohybrid membrane plays lead role in solute interaction and rejection compared to bare membrane, M0. Furthermore, the interfacial affinity of membrane was explored in detail via surface free energy, spreading coefficient, wetting tension and reversible work of adhesion analysis. Nanohybrid UF membrane, with 0.5% of the filler (M1) displayed remarkable permeation flux of 202, 131 L/m2/hr for pure water and protein solution, respectively while maintaining a high protein rejection (96%). Moreover, the exceptional dispersion of the nanosheets in the polymer matrix enhanced FRR (79%) and decreased the overall resistance of M1 compared to the pristine membrane (M0). Overall results suggest that the incorporation of nano sheets is a facile modification technique which improves the comprehensive membrane performance and holds a great potential to be further explored for water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanigaivelan Arumugham
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Reshika Gnanamoorthi Amimodu
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, India
| | - Dipak Rana
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Industrial Membrane Research Institute, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur St., Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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Vetrivel S, Rana D, Sri Abirami Saraswathi MS, Divya K, Kaleekkal NJ, Nagendran A. Cellulose acetate nanocomposite ultrafiltration membranes tailored with hydrous manganese dioxide nanoparticles for water treatment applications. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Vetrivel
- Polymeric Materials Research Lab, PG and Research Department of ChemistryAlagappa Government Arts College Karaikudi India
| | - Dipak Rana
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | | | - Kumar Divya
- Polymeric Materials Research Lab, PG and Research Department of ChemistryAlagappa Government Arts College Karaikudi India
| | - Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Department of Chemical EngineeringNational Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC) Kozhikode India
| | - Alagumalai Nagendran
- Polymeric Materials Research Lab, PG and Research Department of ChemistryAlagappa Government Arts College Karaikudi India
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15
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Muthukumar K, Jacob Kaleekkal N, Lakshmi DS, Srivastava S, Bajaj H. Tuning the morphology of PVDF membranes using inorganic clusters for oil/water separation. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishnan Muthukumar
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis DivisionCentral Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR‐CSMCRI), G. B. Marg Bhavnagar Gujarat 364 002 India
| | - Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Department of Chemical EngineeringNational Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC) Kattangal Kerala 673601 India
| | - D. Shanthana Lakshmi
- Reverse Osmosis DivisionCentral Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR‐CSMCRI), G. B. Marg Bhavnagar Gujarat 364 002 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) New Delhi India
| | - Showena Srivastava
- Marine BiotechnologyCentral Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR‐CSMCRI), G. B. Marg Bhavnagar Gujarat, 364 002 India
| | - Hari Bajaj
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis DivisionCentral Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR‐CSMCRI), G. B. Marg Bhavnagar Gujarat 364 002 India
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Neelakandan S, Muthumeenal A, Rana D, Kaleekkal NJ, Nagendran A. Sulfonated poly(phenylene ether ether sulfone) membrane tailored with layer-by-layer self-assembly of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) and phosphotungstic acid for DMFC applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sivasubramaniyan Neelakandan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 People's Republic of China
- Polymeric Materials Research Lab, PG and Research Department of Chemistry; Alagappa Government Arts College; Karaikudi 630 003 India
| | - Arunachalam Muthumeenal
- Polymeric Materials Research Lab, PG and Research Department of Chemistry; Alagappa Government Arts College; Karaikudi 630 003 India
| | - Dipak Rana
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; University of Ottawa; 161 Louis Pasteur St., Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC); Kozhikode 673 601 India
| | - Alagumalai Nagendran
- Polymeric Materials Research Lab, PG and Research Department of Chemistry; Alagappa Government Arts College; Karaikudi 630 003 India
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17
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Kaleekkal NJ, Radhakrishnan R, Sunil V, Kamalanathan G, Sengupta A, Wickramasinghe R. Performance evaluation of novel nanostructured modified mesoporous silica/polyetherimide composite membranes for the treatment of oil/water emulsion. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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18
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Devi AU, Divya K, Kaleekkal NJ, Rana D, Nagendran A. Tailored SPVdF-co-HFP/SGO nanocomposite proton exchange membranes for direct methanol fuel cells. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Padmakumari TV, Jacob Kaleekkal N, Mohan D, Velmurugan S. Removal of nitrogen containing reducing agents from water coolant systems using ion exchange resin and membranes. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. V. Padmakumari
- Water and Steam Chemistry Division; BARC Facilities; Kalpakkam Tamil Nadu India
| | - Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Membrane Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering; Anna University; Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - D. Mohan
- Membrane Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering; Anna University; Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - S. Velmurugan
- Water and Steam Chemistry Division; BARC Facilities; Kalpakkam Tamil Nadu India
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20
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Abstract
Functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube incorporated polyetherimide mixed matrix membranes for blood purification application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Membrane Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Anna University
- Chennai-600025
- India
| | - Dipak Rana
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
| | - D. Mohan
- Membrane Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Anna University
- Chennai-600025
- India
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21
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Arumugham T, Kaleekkal NJ, Rana D, Doraiswamy M. Separation of oil/water emulsions using nano MgO anchored hybrid ultrafiltration membranes for environmental abatement. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thanigaivelan Arumugham
- Membrane Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering; Anna University; Chennai 600025 India
| | - Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Membrane Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering; Anna University; Chennai 600025 India
| | - Dipak Rana
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Industrial Membrane Research Institute, University of Ottawa; 161 Louis Pasteur St. Ottawa, Ontario Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Mohan Doraiswamy
- Membrane Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering; Anna University; Chennai 600025 India
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22
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Kaleekkal NJ, Thanigaivelan A, Durga M, Girish R, Rana D, Soundararajan P, Mohan D. Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite Incorporated Poly(ether imide) Mixed Matrix Membranes for in Vitro Evaluation of Its Efficacy in Blood Purification Applications. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b01655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Membrane
Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Alagappa College of
Technology, Anna University, Chennai 600025, India
| | - A. Thanigaivelan
- Membrane
Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Alagappa College of
Technology, Anna University, Chennai 600025, India
| | - M. Durga
- Membrane
Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Alagappa College of
Technology, Anna University, Chennai 600025, India
| | - R. Girish
- Department
of Nephrology, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai 600116, India
| | - Dipak Rana
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur Private, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - P. Soundararajan
- Department
of Nephrology, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai 600116, India
| | - D. Mohan
- Membrane
Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Alagappa College of
Technology, Anna University, Chennai 600025, India
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23
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Kaleekkal NJ, Thanigaivelan A, Tarun M, Mohan D. A functional PES membrane for hemodialysis — Preparation, Characterization and Biocompatibility. Chin J Chem Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Arumugham T, Kaleekkal NJ, Doraiswamy M. Development of new hybrid ultrafiltration membranes by entanglement of macromolecular PPSU-SO3H chains: Preparation, morphologies, mechanical strength, and fouling resistant properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thanigaivelan Arumugham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Laboratory; Anna University; Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600025 India
| | - Noel Jacob Kaleekkal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Laboratory; Anna University; Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600025 India
| | - Mohan Doraiswamy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Laboratory; Anna University; Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600025 India
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