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Sakaran R, Alias A, Woon CK, Ku Mohd Noor KM, Zaidun NH, Zulkiflee NDI, Lin NW, Chung E. Sex estimation on thoracic vertebrae: A systematic review. Translational Research in Anatomy 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tria.2023.100243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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Zulkiflee NDI, Singh MKC, Alias A, Pritam HMH, Chung E, Sakaran R, Zaidun NH, Woon CK. Distribution of frontal sinus pattern amongst Malaysian population: a skull radiograph study. Anat Cell Biol 2022; 55:294-303. [PMID: 36168779 PMCID: PMC9519762 DOI: 10.5115/acb.22.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontal sinus has unique anatomical features that are distinct to every population. However, the distribution of frontal sinus patterns has yet to be explored in the Malaysian population. This study aimed to describe the distribution of frontal sinus patterns among adult Malaysians. 409 adult Malaysian posteroanterior skull radiographs, consisting of 200 males and 209 females of Malay, Chinese, and Indian races aged between 20–69 years old, were included in the study. The frontal sinus patterns were classified according to total and percentage of presence or absence of frontal sinus, symmetry or asymmetrical (right or left dominant), unilateral absence (right or left), bilateral absence, and lobulation. The findings showed that bilateral presence of frontal sinus is common, in 95.4% of individuals and bilateral absence was noted in 2.7% individuals. Unilateral absence was found in 2.0% of individuals. Asymmetrical frontal sinus was observed in 54.5% of population meanwhile 40.8% showed symmetrical frontal sinus. The majority of individuals, regardless of sex, race, and age, possessed 1 to 3 lobes on both sides of the frontal sinus. The findings suggest that the frontal sinus is highly asymmetric, and the absence of the frontal sinus is rare. This morphological variation provides an insight into the landmarking placement for measurement during forensic application and assists neurosurgeons in surgical procedure to avoid breaching of the frontal sinus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mansharan Kaur Chainchel Singh
- Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aspalilah Alias
- Department of Basic Sciences and Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Forensic Odontology Unit, Department of Imaging & Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Forensic Odontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Eric Chung
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rani Sakaran
- Department of Anatomy, Asian Institute of Medicine, Science and Technology (AIMST), Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Hannim Zaidun
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Choy Ker Woon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
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Zulkiflee NDI, Alias A, Chainchel Singh MK, Mohd Hadi Pritam H, Chung E, Sakaran R, Zaidun NH, Choy KW. Sexual Dimorphism of Frontal Sinus: A 2-Dimensional Geometric Morphometric Analysis on Lateral Skull Radiographs. Forensic Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fri.2022.200506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zaidun NH, Sahema ZCT, Mardiana AA, Santhana RL, Latiff AA, Syed Ahmad Fuad SB. Effects of naringenin on vascular changes in prolonged hyperglycaemia in fructose-STZ diabetic rat model. Drug Discov Ther 2019; 13:212-221. [PMID: 31534073 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2019.01034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Chronic uncontrolled hyperglycaemia leads to increased oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation resulting in vascular complications and accelerates the progression of diabetic atherosclerosis. Though varieties of modern drugs used in the treatment of diabetes, the complications of diabetes are increasing. Naringenin (NG), has been reported to have potent antioxidant and anti-atherosclerotic properties. However, the effects of NG as vasculoprotective agent in prolonged hyperglycaemia are not well documented. Thus, this study was aimed to determine the effect of NG against vascular changes after prolonged hyperglycaemia in a diabetic rat model. Thirty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were induced with fructose and streptozotocin to develop the diabetic rat model. After 4 weeks, the rats were randomly divided into 5 groups each group consisting of 6 animals: control, control treated with NG, non-treated diabetes mellitus (DM), DM treated with NG and metformin-treated DM. The treatment with NG (50 mg/kg) and metformin were continued for 5 weeks. The results showed that consumption of NG at 4 weeks post diabetic did not improved blood sugar, blood pressure and serum lipid profile. However, NG did significantly improve oxidative stress parameters in the aortic tissue like malondialdehyde (MDA). Analysis through light microscopy and transmission electron microscope (TEM) reverted the histological changes caused by prolonged hyperglycaemia. The findings thus demonstrated that introduction of NG after prolonged exposure to hyperglycaemia improved the vascular deterioration in diabetic group by decreasing oxidative stress evident by the reduced in the lipid peroxidation activity. Thus, this study showed the potential use of NG as adjunct in managing the diabetic condition during late presentation.
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Thent ZC, Das S, Zaidun NH. Emerging Trends On Drug Delivery Strategy of Momordica charantia against Diabetes and its Complications. Curr Drug Deliv 2018; 15:453-460. [PMID: 28545355 DOI: 10.2174/1567201814666170525122224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of diabetes mellitus has increased drastically over the past few decades. This oxidant-antioxidant imbalance resulting in complication of diabetes mellitus includes macro- and microvascular complications. Resistance to conventional treatment and patient compliance has paved the way to the usage of effective natural products and supplements. Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) is widely consumed in many parts of Malaysia as a vegetable. Momordica charantia (MC) is mainly used in the management of diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVE The present review discusses the literature concerning the antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of MC focusing on the complication of diabetes mellitus along with its mode of delivery. We found that among the whole part of MC, its fruit extract has been widely studied, therapeutically. The evidence based analysis of the beneficiary effects of MC on the different organs involved in diabetes complication is also highlighted. This review elucidated an essential understanding of MC based drug delivery system in both clinical and experimental studies and appraised the great potential of the protein based MC extract against diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSION The review paper is believed to assist the researchers and medical personnel in treating diabetic associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zar Chi Thent
- Anatomy Discipline, Basic Medical Science Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000 Selangor, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
| | - Srijit Das
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, 53000 Cheras, Universiti Kebangsaan, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Hannim Zaidun
- Anatomy Discipline, Basic Medical Science Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000 Selangor, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
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Zaidun NH, Thent ZC, Latiff AA. Combating oxidative stress disorders with citrus flavonoid: Naringenin. Life Sci 2018; 208:111-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Thent ZC, Zaidun NH, Azmi MF, Senin MI, Haslan H, Salehuddin R. Is Metformin a Therapeutic Paradigm for Colorectal Cancer: Insight into the Molecular Pathway? Curr Drug Targets 2018; 18:734-750. [PMID: 27919208 DOI: 10.2174/1389450118666161205125548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the major leading causes of cancer related morbidity and mortality. Apart from the conventional anti-neoplastic agents, metformin, a biguanide anti-diabetic agent, has recently found to have anti-cancer property. Several studies observed the effect of metformin towards its anti-cancer effect on colon or colorectal cancer in diabetic patients. However, only a few studies showed its effect on colorectal cancer in relation to the non-diabetic status. The present review aimed to highlight the insight into the molecular pathway of metformin towards colorectal cancer in the absence of diabetes mellitus. In CRC-independent of diabetes mellitus, highly deregulation of PI3K/AKT pathway is found which activates the downstream mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Metformin inhibits cancer growth in colon by suppressing the colonic epithelial proliferation by inhibiting the mTOR pathway. Metformin exerts its anti-neoplastic effects by acting on tumour suppressor pathway via activating the adenosine monophosphate.activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. Metformin interrupts the glucose metabolism by activating the AMPK. Metformin reduces tumour cell growth and metastasis by activating the p53 tumour suppressor gene. In addition to its therapeutic benefits, metformin is easily accessible, cost effective with better tolerance to the patients compared to the chemotherapeutic agents. This review summarised modern findings on the therapeutic applications of metformin on the colorectal cancer with no evidences of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zar Chi Thent
- Anatomy Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000, Selangor, Malaysia
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Salehuddin AR, Haslan H, Mamikutty N, Zaidun NH, Azmi MF, Senin MM, Syed Ahmad Fuad SB, Thent ZC. Zika virus infection and its emerging trends in Southeast Asia. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2017; 10:211-219. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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