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Assef ANB, da Costa BB, Moreira TA, do Carmo LD, de Souza TDFG, Alencar NMN, Alves APNN, Cinelli LP, Wilke DV. Antitumor and immunostimulating sulfated polysaccharides from brown algae Dictyota caribaea. Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Nunes MO, Fátima Goebel de Souza TD, Pierdoná TM, Ramos MV, Ferreira KQ, Duarte RS, Shahwar DE, Wilke DV, Wong DVT, Alencar NMN. In vitro biocompatibility and wound healing properties of latex proteins dressing. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 76:105230. [PMID: 34343654 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The chronification of ulcers or sores may result in a dramatic outcome such as amputation. Currently, the search for plant based treatments of various diseases/disorders, including complicated ones, is getting the attention of researchers worldwide. The soluble latex protein fraction (CpLP) obtained from Calotropis procera (Apocynaceae) was previously demonstrated to accelerate wound healing by topical application or when incorporated in a polyvinyl alcohol biomembrane (BioMemCpLP). Here, in vitro assays were performed to investigate and characterize the biocompatibility and bioactivity of latex proteins dressing. Macrophages (RAW 264.7), fibroblasts (L929) and keratinocytes (HaCaT) cell lines were used to evaluate the effect of CpLP. These cell lines were exposed to concentrations of CpLP comparable to those found in BioMemCpLP during 24-72 h. The cytotoxicity, proliferation, release of wound healing mediators (TGF-β, VEGF, IL-10, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and NO) and migration of cells (E-cadherin and β-catenin) incubated with CpLP was assessed and the cell adhesion to BioMemCpLP as well. The results showed that CpLP has no cytotoxic effects. It induced a suitable balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, enhanced proliferation and re-epithelialization in all cell lines, but the intensity of each effect was different at various doses in all cell strains. The BioMemCpLP stimulated cell adhesion to PVA substrate. The CpLP-PVA based biomembrane can be a good option for healing of different wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Oliveira Nunes
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brazil
| | - Tamiris de Fátima Goebel de Souza
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brazil
| | - Taiana Magalhães Pierdoná
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brazil
| | - Márcio Viana Ramos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Kayanny Queiroz Ferreira
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Silva Duarte
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brazil
| | - Dur E Shahwar
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brazil
| | - Diego Veras Wilke
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brazil
| | - Deysi Viviana Tenazoa Wong
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brazil
| | - Nylane Maria Nunes Alencar
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brazil.
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Souza TFG, Pierdoná TM, Macedo FS, Aquino PEA, Rangel GFP, Duarte RS, Silva LMA, Viana GSB, Alves APNN, Montenegro RC, Wilke DV, Silveira ER, Alencar NMN. A proline derivative-enriched methanol fraction from Sideroxylon obtusifolium leaves (MFSOL) stimulates human keratinocyte cells and exerts a healing effect in a burn wound model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 54:e10700. [PMID: 34076141 PMCID: PMC8186379 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2021e10700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It was previously demonstrated that the methanol fraction of Sideroxylon obtusifolium (MFSOL) promoted anti-inflammatory and healing activity in excisional wounds. Thus, the present work investigated the healing effects of MFSOL on human keratinocyte cells (HaCaT) and experimental burn model injuries. HaCaT cells were used to study MFSOL's effect on cell migration and proliferation rates. Female Swiss mice were subjected to a second-degree superficial burn protocol and divided into four treatment groups: Vehicle, 1.0% silver sulfadiazine, and 0.5 or 1.0% MFSOL Cream (CrMFSOL). Samples were collected to quantify the inflammatory mediators, and histological analyses were performed after 3, 7, and 14 days. The results showed that MFSOL (50 μg/mL) stimulated HaCaT cells by increasing proliferation and migration rates. Moreover, 0.5% CrMFSOL attenuated myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and also stimulated the release of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-10 after 3 days of treatment. CrMFSOL (0.5%) also enhanced wound contraction, promoted improvement of tissue remodeling, and increased collagen production after 7 days and VEGF release after 14 days. Therefore, MFSOL stimulated human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells and improved wound healing via modulation of inflammatory mediators of burn injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- T F G Souza
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - T M Pierdoná
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.,Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - F S Macedo
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - P E A Aquino
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - G F P Rangel
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - R S Duarte
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - L M A Silva
- Embrapa Agroindustria Tropical, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - G S B Viana
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - A P N N Alves
- Departamento de Clínica Odontológica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Odontologia e Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - R C Montenegro
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - D V Wilke
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - E R Silveira
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - N M N Alencar
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
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Pereira AF, Pereira LMS, Silva CMP, Freitas Alves BW, Barbosa JS, Pinto FMM, Pereira AC, Silva KO, Pontes RB, Alencar NMN, Lima-Júnior RCP, Vale ML. Metformin reduces c-Fos and ATF3 expression in the dorsal root ganglia and protects against oxaliplatin-induced peripheral sensory neuropathy in mice. Neurosci Lett 2019; 709:134378. [PMID: 31325582 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin is a third-generation platinum drug commonly used as the first line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Oxaliplatin-based anticancer regimens course with dose-limiting neurotoxicity. The pharmacological strategies used to manage such side effect are not totally effective. Metformin is an anti-diabetic drug that is described to negatively modulate painful diabetic neuropathy. Then, this study aimed to assess the effect of metformin in the oxaliplatin-induced peripheral sensory neuropathy in mice. For that purpose, Swiss male mice were injected with oxaliplatin (1, 2 or 4 mg/kg, i.v., twice a week with a total of nine injections) alone or in combination with daily administration of metformin (250 mg/kg, p.o.). Thermal and mechanical nociceptive tests were performed once a week for five weeks. Then, the animals were euthanized on day 35 post-first injection of oxaliplatin and the dorsal root ganglia were harvested for the assessment of c-Fos and ATF3 expressions. Oxaliplatin caused a nociceptive response accompanied by the increased expression of c-Fos and ATF3 in the dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord. In addition, the oxaliplatin-associated nociception was significantly attenuated by metformin (P < 0.05), which also reduced the expression of c-Fos and ATF3 (P < 0.05). Therefore, metformin protected from the peripheral sensory neuropathy induced by oxaliplatin, which was confirmed by the reduction of c-Fos and ATF3 expression, two known neuronal activation and damage markers, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria Falcão Pereira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lus Mário Silva Pereira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Wesley Freitas Alves
- Department of Morphology, Morpho-functional Sciences Post Graduation Program, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Sales Barbosa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Carolina Pereira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Karla Oliveira Silva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Renata Bessa Pontes
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Nylane Maria Nunes Alencar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Roberto César Pereira Lima-Júnior
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Mariana Lima Vale
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Department of Morphology, Morpho-functional Sciences Post Graduation Program, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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Barbosa SCM, Pereira VBM, Wong DVT, Santana APM, Lucetti LT, Carvalho LL, Barbosa CRN, Callado RB, Silva CAA, Lopes CDH, Brito GAC, Alencar NMN, Lima-Júnior RCP. Amifostine reduces inflammation and protects against 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis and hyposalivation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 52:e8251. [PMID: 30810625 PMCID: PMC6393848 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20188251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Oral mucositis (OM) is a common and dose-limiting side effect of cancer treatment, including 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and radiotherapy. The efficacy of the therapeutic measures to prevent OM is limited and disease prevention is not fully observable. Amifostine is a cytoprotective agent with a described anti-inflammatory potential. It is clinically used to reduce radiotherapy and chemotherapy-associated xerostomia. This study investigated the protective effect of amifostine on an experimental model of OM. Hamsters were divided into six groups: saline control group (5 mL/kg), mechanical trauma (scratches) of the right cheek pouch; 5-FU (60 and 40 mg/kg, ip, respectively, administered on days 1 and 2); amifostine (12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg) + 5-FU + scratches. Salivation rate was assessed and the animals were euthanized on day 10 for the analysis of macroscopic and microscopic injury by scores. Tissue samples were harvested for the measurement of neutrophil infiltration and detection of inflammatory markers by ELISA and immunohistochemistry. 5-FU induced pronounced hyposalivation, which was prevented by amifostine (P<0.05). In addition, 5-FU injection caused pronounced tissue injury accompanied by increased neutrophil accumulation, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) tissue levels, and positive immunostaining for TNF-α, IL-1β, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Interestingly, amifostine prevented the inflammatory reaction and consequently improved macroscopic and microscopic damage (P<0.05 vs 5-FU group). Amifostine reduced inflammation and protected against 5-FU-associated oral mucositis and hyposalivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C M Barbosa
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Famacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brasil
| | - V B M Pereira
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Famacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brasil
| | - D V T Wong
- Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brasil
| | - A P M Santana
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Famacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brasil
| | - L T Lucetti
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Famacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brasil
| | - L L Carvalho
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Famacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brasil
| | - C R N Barbosa
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Famacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brasil
| | - R B Callado
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Famacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brasil
| | - C A A Silva
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Famacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brasil
| | - C D H Lopes
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Famacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brasil
| | - G A C Brito
- Departamento de Morfologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brasil
| | - N M N Alencar
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Famacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brasil
| | - R C P Lima-Júnior
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Famacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brasil
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Ferreira PMP, Bezerra DP, Silva JDN, da Costa MP, Ferreira JRDO, Alencar NMN, Figueiredo ISTD, Cavalheiro AJ, Machado CML, Chammas R, Alves APNN, Moraes MOD, Pessoa C. Preclinical anticancer effectiveness of a fraction from Casearia sylvestris and its component Casearin X: in vivo and ex vivo methods and microscopy examinations. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 186:270-279. [PMID: 27067367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Casearia sylvestris (Salicaceae) is found in South America and presents antiulcerogenic, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antihypertensive activities. AIM OF THE STUDY To assess the in vivo and ex vivo antitumor action of a fraction with casearins (FC) and its main component - Casearin X-isolated from C. sylvestris leaves. MATERIALS AND METHODS Firstly, Sarcoma 180 bearing Swiss mice were treated with FC and Cas X for 7 days. Secondly, BALB/c nude animals received hollow fibers with colon carcinoma (HCT-116) or glioblastoma (SF-295) cells and were treated with FC for 4 days. On 5th day, proliferation was determined by MTT assay. RESULTS FC 10 and 25mg/kg/day i.p. and 50mg/kg/day oral and Cas X 25mg/kg/day i.p. and 50mg/kg/day oral revealed tumor growth inhibition rates of 35.8, 86.2, 53.7, 90.0 and 65.5% and such tumors demonstrated rare mitoses and coagulation necrosis areas. Similarly, FC reduced multiplying of HCT-116 and SF-295 cells when evaluated by the Hollow Fiber Assay (2.5 and 5mg/kg/day i.p. and 25 and 50mg/kg/day oral), with cell growth inhibition rates ranging from 33.3 to 67.4% (p<0.05). Flow cytometry experiments revealed that FC reduced membrane integrity and induced DNA fragmentation and mitochondrial depolarization (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS FC and Cas X were efficient antitumor substances against murine and human cancer cells and caused reversible morphological changes in liver, kidneys and spleens, emphasizing clerodane diterpenes as an emerging class of anticancer molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Michel Pinheiro Ferreira
- Laboratory in Experimental Cancerology, Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Marcília Pinheiro da Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil; Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | | | - Nylane Maria Nunes Alencar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | | - Camila Maria Longo Machado
- Radioisotopes Research Laboratory, Center for Medical Nuclear, State University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roger Chammas
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, State University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Manoel Odorico de Moraes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Claudia Pessoa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Fortaleza, Brazil
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Alencar NMN, Oliveira JS, Mesquita RO, Lima MW, Vale MR, Etchells JP, Freitas CDT, Ramos MV. Pro- and anti-inflammatory activities of the latex from Calotropis procera (Ait.) R.Br. are triggered by compounds fractionated by dialysis. Inflamm Res 2016; 55:559-64. [PMID: 17221170 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-006-6025-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN Previous studies have described pro- and anti-inflammatory activities displayed by the latex from Calotropis procera. This report aims to clarify these observations and shows that such activities can be segregated from the whole latex. METHODS The latex was divided into water-soluble fractions devoid of poly-isoprene by centrifugation and dialysis and both the activities were assayed by the peritonitis model in rats. The drugs dexamethasone, thalidomide, meclizine, indomethacin and celecoxib were used to modulate the inflammatory stimuli. RESULTS Inflammation in rats was observed 2 h after intraperitoneal administration of the stimulus (DL fraction) in a dose dependent manner. This activity was inhibited by previous intravenous injection of dexamethasone, thalidomide and meclizine. Indomethacin and celecoxib did not reverse inflammation. These results suggest the involvement of histamine release and TNF-alpha mediated inflammation while prostaglandins seem not to be required. The anti-inflammatory fraction (NDL) inhibited inflammation triggered by proinflammatory fraction (DL) suggesting that NDL ought to follow a similar pathway of action to that of the anti-inflammatory drugs that were able to inhibit inflammation triggered by DL. CONCLUSIONS Pro- and anti-inflammatory activities of the latex are displayed by compounds suitable to be fractionated on the basis of their molecular size.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M N Alencar
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Cx, Postal 6033, Fortaleza-Ceará, CEP 60.451-970, Brasil
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Luz PB, Pineiro RSP, Freitas LBN, Bitencourt FS, Aragão KS, Carmo LD, Couto TS, Ramos MV, Alencar NMN. ANTIHYPERALGESIC EFFECT OF LATEX PROTEINS FROM CALOTROPIS PROCERA: INVOLVEMENT OF INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.1168.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Bastos Luz
- Federal University of CearaDepartments of Physiology and PharmacologyFortalezaBrazil
| | - Rachel Sindeaux Paiva Pineiro
- Federal University of CearaDepartments of Physiology and PharmacologyFortalezaBrazil
- Federal University of CearaFortalezaBrazil
| | | | | | | | - Luana Davi Carmo
- Federal University of CearaDepartments of Physiology and PharmacologyFortalezaBrazil
| | - Tatiana Souza Couto
- Federal University of CearaDepartments of Physiology and PharmacologyFortalezaBrazil
| | - Marcio Viana Ramos
- Federal University of CearaDepartment Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyFortalezaBrazil
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Medeiros CACX, Leitão RFC, Macedo RN, Barboza DRMM, Gomes AS, Nogueira NAP, Alencar NMN, Ribeiro RA, Brito GAC. Effect of atorvastatin on 5-fluorouracil-induced experimental oral mucositis. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2010; 67:1085-100. [PMID: 20661736 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-010-1409-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2010] [Accepted: 07/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oral mucositis (OM) is a frequent side effect in patients with cancer. We investigate the effect of atorvastatin (ATV), a cholesterol-lowering drug, on OM induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in hamsters. METHODS OM was induced by the i.p. administration of 5-FU, with excoriations of the cheek pouch mucosa. The animals were pretreated with i.p. ATV 1, 5 or 10 mg/kg or vehicle (saline and 5% (vol/vol) ethanol) 30 min before 5-FU injection and daily for 5 or 10 days. Samples of cheek pouches and main organs were removed for histopathological analysis, determination of TNF-α, IL-1β, nitrite, non-protein sulfhydryl group (NP-SH) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay and immunohistochemistry for induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Blood was collected for a leukogram analysis of biochemical parameters and analysis of bacteremia. RESULTS ATV at doses of 1 and 5 mg/kg reduced mucosal damage and inflammation, as well as the levels of cytokines, nitrite and myeloperoxidase activity on the 5th and 10th day of OM and immunostaining for iNOS on the 5th day of OM.ATV at 1 mg/kg increased cheek pouch NP-SH when compared to 5-FU groups on the 10th day of OM. The association between ATV 5 mg/kg and 5-FU decreased the survival rate, amplified the leukopenia of animals, increased transaminase serum levels and caused liver lesions. We also detected the presence of Gram-negative bacillus in the blood of 100% of the animals treated with ATV 5 mg/kg + 5-FU. CONCLUSIONS Atorvastatin prevented mucosal damage and inflammation associated with 5-FU-induced OM, but the association of a higher dose of ATV with 5-FU induced hepatotoxicity and amplified leukopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A C X Medeiros
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró, Brazil
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Alencar VBM, Assreuy AMS, Alencar NMN, Meireles AVP, Mota MRL, Aragão KS, Cajazeiras JB, Nagano CS, Brito GAC, Silva LIMM, Pinto VPT, Sampaio AH, Debray H, Cavada BS, Ribeiro RA. Lectin of Pisum arvense seeds induces in-vivo and in-vitro neutrophil migration. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 57:375-81. [PMID: 15807994 DOI: 10.1211/0022357055579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
PAL is a glucose/mannose-specific lectin isolated from Pisum arvense seeds. Previously, we demonstrated the capacity of other leguminous lectins to induce oedema formation and neutrophil stimulation. To investigate the potential pro-inflammatory activity of PAL, we have studied its ability to induce neutrophil migration into peritoneal cavities of rats and neutrophil chemotaxis in-vitro. The role of resident cells and sugar residues on PAL activity was analysed. PAL or saline (control) were administered intraperitoneally to rats, and total and differential leucocyte (macrophages, neutrophils and mast cells) counts were performed. The role of resident cells on the PAL effect was evaluated using three strategies: reducing the total resident cell population by lavage of rat cavities with saline; increasing macrophage population by treating animals with thioglycolate; and depleting mast cell population by subchronic treatment of rats with compound 48/80. PAL induced in-vitro and in-vivo neutrophil migration. In-vivo, PAL (50, 100, 200 and 300 μg) significantly (P < 0.05) and dose-dependently increased neutrophil migration by 600, 740, 900 and 940%, respectively, showing maximal effect 4 h after injection. PAL induced mononuclear cell migration. The neutrophil stimulatory effect of PAL was potentiated in animals treated with both thioglycolate and compound 48/80. The indirect lectin chemotactic effect was shown in rats injected with supernatant from cultured macrophages stimulated by PAL. In conclusion, PAL was shown to exhibit in-vivo and in-vitro proinflammatory activity. The in-vivo effect seemed to occur by a dual mechanism that was independent, but also dependent, on resident cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- V B M Alencar
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brazil, Cel Nunes de Melo, 1127, 60430-270, Fortaleza-Ceará-Brasil
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Ramos MV, Aguiar VC, Melo VMM, Mesquita RO, Silvestre PP, Oliveira JS, Oliveira RSB, Macedo NMR, Alencar NMN. Immunological and allergenic responses induced by latex fractions of Calotropis procera (Ait.) R.Br. J Ethnopharmacol 2007; 111:115-22. [PMID: 17141437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2006] [Revised: 10/30/2006] [Accepted: 10/31/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Immunological and allergenic responses against the latex of Calotropis procera were investigated in mice by oral and subcutaneous routes. The latex was fractionated according to water solubility and molecular size of its components. The fractions were named as non-dialyzable latex (NDL) corresponding to the major latex proteins, dialyzable latex (DL) corresponding to low molecular size substances and rubber latex (RL) which was highly insoluble in water. Anti-sera against these fractions were assayed for total IgG and IgA titration by ELISA and IgE and IgG(1) were quantified by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in rats and mice, respectively. None of the fractions induced antibodies level increases when mice received latex fractions by oral route and thus, did not develop allergy. Nonetheless, anti-sera of mice sensitized with NDL and RL by subcutaneous route displayed considerable immunological response while DL did not. IgG level augmented consistently against NDL and RL while IgA response was detected only to NDL. NDL and RL induced very strong PCA reactions suggesting that both fractions would contain latex substances involved in allergy. Furthermore, protein analysis of NDL and RL suggests that RL still retain residual proteins abundantly found in NDL that could explain its similar allergenic effect. No IgG(1) reaction was detected in any of the anti-sera tested. According to the results, the proteins of latex of Calotropis procera can provoke allergy by subcutaneous route. The NDL has previously shown to display anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities by intraperitoneal injection. It should be relevant to determine whether NDL could induce such activities when assayed by oral route since it was ineffective to induce allergy by this way.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Ramos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Campus do Pici, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP, Brazil.
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12
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Ramos MV, Bandeira GDP, de Freitas CDT, Nogueira NAP, Alencar NMN, de Sousa PAS, Carvalho AFU. Latex constituents from Calotropis procera (R. Br.) display toxicity upon egg hatching and larvae of Aedes aegypti (Linn.). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2006; 101:503-10. [PMID: 17072453 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762006000500004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2005] [Accepted: 05/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Calotropis procera R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae) is a well-known medicinal plant with leaves, roots, and bark being exploited by popular medicine to fight many human and animal diseases. This work deals with the fractionation of the crude latex produced by the green parts of the plant and aims to evaluate its toxic effects upon egg hatching and larval development of Aedes aegypti. The whole latex was shown to cause 100% mortality of 3rd instars within 5 min. It was fractionated into water-soluble dialyzable (DF) and non-dialyzable (NDF) rubber-free materials. Both fractions were partially effective to prevent egg hatching and most of individuals growing under experimental conditions died before reaching 2nd instars or stayed in 1st instars. Besides, the fractions were very toxic to 3rd instars causing 100% mortality within 24 h. When both fractions were submitted to heat-treatment the toxic effects were diminished considerably suggesting low thermostability of the toxic compounds. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of both fractions and their newly fractionated peaks obtained through ion exchange chromatography or desalting attested the presence of proteins in both materials. When submitted to protease digestion prior to larvicidal assays NDF lost most of its toxicity but DF was still strongly active. It may be possible that the highly toxic effects of the whole latex from C. procera upon egg hatching and larvae development should be at least in part due to its protein content found in NDE However the toxicity seems also to involve non protein molecules present in DF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Viana Ramos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, 60451-970 Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.
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Alencar NMN, Cavalcante CF, Vasconcelos MP, Leite KB, Aragão KS, Assreuy AMS, Nogueira NAP, Cavada BS, Vale MR. Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effect of lectin from Lonchocarpus sericeus seeds in an experimental rat model of infectious peritonitis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2005; 57:919-22. [PMID: 15969953 DOI: 10.1211/0022357056352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effect of the lectin from Lonchocarpus sericeus seeds (LSL) in a model of infectious peritonitis in adult Wistar rats. Animals were treated with saline or LSL (10 mg kg(-1), i.v) immediately and 6 h after the induction of peritonitis via cecal ligation and single puncture. Twelve hours after surgery, animals were killed and the infectious process was monitored by total and differential count of cells from blood and peritoneal washing liquid, adenosine deaminase activity, antibiogram and the number of viable bacteria of the peritoneal cavity. LSL treatment decreased the inflammatory response evoked by the induction of peritonitis, as seen by the inhibition of neutrophil migration into peritoneal cavities, leucocytosis and reduction of adenosine deaminase activity in the peritoneal fluid. All these effects were reversed by the lectin association to N-acetyl-glucosamine. LSL in-vitro did not show any antimicrobial action, but promoted a marked decrease of the viable bacterial population in peritoneal cavities. In conclusion, LSL inhibited the inflammatory response and the bacterial colonization of infectious peritonitis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M N Alencar
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brazil. Cel Nunes de Melo, 1127, 60430-270, Fortaleza-Ceará-Brasil.
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Alencar NMN, Figueiredo IST, Vale MR, Bitencurt FS, Oliveira JS, Ribeiro RA, Ramos MV. Anti-inflammatory effect of the latex from Calotropis procera in three different experimental models: peritonitis, paw edema and hemorrhagic cystitis. Planta Med 2004; 70:1144-1149. [PMID: 15643548 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-835842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Latex from Calotropis procera is widely used in folk medicine as a rich source of biologically active compounds capable of promoting diverse benefits such as control of dermal fungal infections, antimicrobial activities and pain relief among other useful properties. The aim of this work was to characterize the anti-inflammatory effect of a non-dialysable protein fraction recovered from the rubber-free latex using three different experimental models when administrated intravenously. In vivo neutrophil migration induced by carrageenin (500 microg) was severely inhibited by doses of latex proteins reaching maximum inhibition (80%) at 100 mg/kg. Paw edema exacerbated by the effect of carrageenin was almost completely suppressed after 4 hours and was controlled within the first hour following latex protein administration. However, the same latex fraction was completely unable to control the paw edema invoked with dextran stimulation (400 microg), suggesting that the inhibitory effect of the latex is likely to be cell-mediated. Iphosphamide-induced vesical edema in mice was also largely prevented by the latex protein fraction. These results indicate that an effect similar to that of mesna, the classical drug used for this purpose, is operative. Our findings suggest that the sample tested seems to act over a wide spectrum as a novel anti-inflammatory agent. The results also suggest that the active molecules are of a proteinaceous nature despite the presence of numerous secondary metabolites naturally occurring in the C. procera latex.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M N Alencar
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza-Ceará, Brasil
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