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van der Feltz-Cornelis CM, Shepherd J, Gevaert J, Van Aerden K, Vanroelen C, Cepa OB, Recio LG, Bernard RM, Vorstenbosch E, Cristóbal-Narváez P, Felez-Nobrega M, de Miquel C, Merecz-Kot D, Staszewska K, Sinokki M, Naumanen P, Roijen LHV, van Krugten F, de Mul M, Haro JM, Olaya B. Design and development of a digital intervention for workplace stress and mental health (EMPOWER). Internet Interv 2023; 34:100689. [PMID: 38054076 PMCID: PMC10694565 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2023.100689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose We describe the design and development of the European Platform to Promote health and wellbeing in the workplace (EMPOWER) digital intervention that provides an integrative user programme meeting the needs of employees and employers in addressing work stress. Results A user-centred design process was followed from January 2020 until November 2021. A tailored algorithm was developed to provide support at the individual employee level and the company level. Each element of the digital intervention was developed in English and then translated in Spanish, English, Polish and Finnish. The digital intervention consists of a website and a mobile application (app) that provides algorithm-based personalised content after assessing a user's somatic and psychological symptoms, work functioning, and psychosocial risk factors for work stress. It has a public section and an employer portal that provides recommendations to reduce psychosocial risks in their company based upon clustered input from employees. Usability testing was conducted and showed high ease of use and completion of tasks by participants. Conclusion The EMPOWER digital intervention is a tailored multimodal intervention addressing wellbeing, work stress, mental and physical health problems, and work productivity. This will be used in a planned RCT in four countries to evaluate its effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessie Shepherd
- MHARG, Department of Health Sciences, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Jessie Gevaert
- Interface Demography, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karen Van Aerden
- Interface Demography, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Ellen Vorstenbosch
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Paula Cristóbal-Narváez
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Mireia Felez-Nobrega
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Carlota de Miquel
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | | | | | - Marjo Sinokki
- Turku Centre for Occupational Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Päivi Naumanen
- Turku Centre for Occupational Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Leona Hakkaart-van Roijen
- Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management (ESHPM), Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Frédérique van Krugten
- Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management (ESHPM), Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marleen de Mul
- Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management (ESHPM), Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Beatriz Olaya
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
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Olaya B, Van der Feltz-Cornelis CM, Hakkaart-van Roijen L, Merecz-Kot D, Sinokki M, Naumanen P, Shepherd J, van Krugten F, de Mul M, Staszewska K, Vorstenbosch E, de Miquel C, Lima RA, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Salvador-Carulla L, Borrega O, Sabariego C, Bernard RM, Vanroelen C, Gevaert J, Van Aerden K, Raggi A, Seghezzi F, Haro JM. Study protocol of EMPOWER: A cluster randomized trial of a multimodal eHealth intervention for promoting mental health in the workplace following a stepped wedge trial design. Digit Health 2022; 8:20552076221131145. [PMID: 36276189 PMCID: PMC9583218 DOI: 10.1177/20552076221131145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This article describes the EMPOWER study, a controlled trial aiming to determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an eHealth intervention to prevent common health problems and reduce presenteeism and absenteeism in the workplace. Intervention: The EMPOWER intervention spans universal, secondary and tertiary prevention and consists of an eHealth platform delivered via a website and a smartphone app designed to guide employees throughout different modules according to their specific profiles. Design: A stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial will be implemented in four countries (Finland, Poland, Spain and UK) with employees from small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and public agencies. Companies will be randomly allocated in one of three groups with different times at which the intervention is implemented. The intervention will last 7 weeks. Employees will answer several questionnaires at baseline, pre- and post-intervention and follow-up. Outcome measures: The main outcome is presenteeism. Secondary outcomes include depression, anxiety, insomnia, stress levels, wellbeing and absenteeism. Analyses will be conducted at the individual level using the intention-to-treat approach and mixed models. Additional analyses will evaluate the intervention effects according to gender, country or type of company. Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses [based on the use of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYS)] will consider a societal, employers' and employees' perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Olaya
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de
Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM),
Madrid, Spain,Beatriz Olaya, Research, Innovation and
Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Carrer Doctor Pujadas 42, 08830
Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain.
| | - Christina M. Van der Feltz-Cornelis
- MHARG, Department of Health Sciences, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK,Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London,
UK
| | - Leona Hakkaart-van Roijen
- Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management (ESHPM), Erasmus
University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marjo Sinokki
- Turku Centre for Occupational Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Päivi Naumanen
- Turku Centre for Occupational Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jessie Shepherd
- MHARG, Department of Health Sciences, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | - Frédérique van Krugten
- Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management (ESHPM), Erasmus
University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen de Mul
- Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management (ESHPM), Erasmus
University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ellen Vorstenbosch
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de
Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM),
Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlota de Miquel
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de
Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM),
Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Antunes Lima
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de
Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM),
Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Ayuso-Mateos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM),
Madrid, Spain,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Salvador-Carulla
- Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia,National Centres for Epidemiology and Population Health, College of
Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | | | - Carla Sabariego
- Swiss Paraplegic Research
(SPF), Nottwil, Switzerland,Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne,
Lucerne, Switzerland; Center for Rehabilitation in Global Health Systems, World
Health Organization Collaborating Center, University of Lucerne, Lucerne,
Switzerland
| | | | - Christophe Vanroelen
- Interface Demography, Department of Sociology, Vrije
Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jessie Gevaert
- Interface Demography, Department of Sociology, Vrije
Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karen Van Aerden
- Interface Demography, Department of Sociology, Vrije
Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alberto Raggi
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, UO Neurologia
Salute Pubblica e Disabilità, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Josep Maria Haro
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de
Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM),
Madrid, Spain
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Moe-Byrne T, Shepherd J, Merecz-Kot D, Sinokki M, Naumanen P, Hakkaart-van Roijen L, Van Der Feltz-Cornelis C. Effectiveness of tailored digital health interventions for mental health at the workplace: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials. PLOS Digit Health 2022; 1:e0000123. [PMID: 36812547 PMCID: PMC9931277 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mental health problems in the workplace are common and have a considerable impact on employee wellbeing and productivity. Mental ill-health costs employers between £33 billion and £42 billion a year. According to a 2020 HSE report, roughly 2,440 per 100,000 workers in the UK were affected by work-related stress, depression, or anxiety, resulting in an estimated 17.9 million working days lost. We performed a systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effect of tailored digital health interventions provided in the workplace aiming to improve mental health, presenteeism and absenteeism of employees. We searched several databases for RCTs published from 2000 onwards. Data were extracted into a standardised data extraction form. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Due to the heterogeneity of outcome measures, narrative synthesis was used to summarise the findings. Seven RCTs (eight publications) were included that evaluated tailored digital interventions versus waiting list control or usual care to improve physical and mental health outcomes and work productivity. The results are promising to the advantage of tailored digital interventions regarding presenteeism, sleep, stress levels, and physical symptoms related to somatisation; but less for addressing depression, anxiety, and absenteeism. Even though tailored digital interventions did not reduce anxiety and depression in the general working population, they significantly reduced depression and anxiety in employees with higher levels of psychological distress. Tailored digital interventions seem more effective in employees with higher levels of distress, presenteeism or absenteeism than in the general working population. There was high heterogeneity in outcome measures, especially for work productivity; this should be a focus of attention in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessie Shepherd
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | | | - Marjo Sinokki
- Turku Centre for Occupational Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Päivi Naumanen
- Turku Centre for Occupational Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Leona Hakkaart-van Roijen
- Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management (ESHPM), Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christina Van Der Feltz-Cornelis
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, United Kingdom
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Stress fibres are contractile acto-myosin structures found from many types of non-muscle cells, where they are involved in adhesion, motility and morphogenesis. Stress fibres typically display a periodic alpha-actinin-myosin II pattern and are thus suggested to resemble the sarcomeric actin filament structures of muscle cells. Mammalian cells contain three categories of stress fibres: ventral stress fibres that are attached to focal adhesions at both ends, dorsal stress fibres that are attached to focal adhesions typically at one end and transverse arcs that are curved acto-myosin bundles, which do not directly attach to focal adhesions. In this review, we discuss the definition of stress fibres, organization of actin filaments and other components within these contractile structures, and the mechanisms of stress fibre assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Naumanen
- Institute of Biotechnology, PO Box 56, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
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