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Piva E, Giorgetti A, Ioime P, Morini L, Freni F, Faro FL, Pirani F, Montisci M, Fais P, Pascali JP. Hair determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the Italian population. Toxicology 2021; 458:152849. [PMID: 34217792 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are anthropogenic chemicals present in the environment and defined as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The interest in these forms of contaminants is related to the toxic consequences for health derived from exposures and bioaccumulation processes. The present research aims at assessing differences in the exposure of PFAS in the Italian population by hair analyses. To this aim, 20 compounds of the PFAS family were investigated in hair of 86 Italian subjects distributed across the regions of Veneto, Emilia-Romagna, Lombardy and Marche. The applied method was ad hoc developed in a previous research and included SPE extraction and LC-QTOF analysis. In the analyzed population, 66.4 % had quantifiable amounts of one or more PFAS molecules (up to 4 compounds); mean PFAS content, expressed as sum of PFAS, was 0.1457 ng/g, ranging from "not detected" to 0.85 ng/g (SD 0.1867). PFOA and PFOS were the chemicals most frequently detected, with mean concentrations of 0.1402 ng/g and 0.1155 ng/g, respectively. PFBA was detected in 9.3 % of subjects with a mean concentration of 0.3760 ng/g; PFNA in 3.5 % of subjects with mean concentration 0.12 ng/g; PFDA was found in one subject at the concentration of 0.541 ng/g. PFUnA and PFHxS were detected below the limit of quantification. The overall results displayed differences in the presence and prevalence of PFAS in hair of the Italian population on a geographical base. On the contrary, no significatively differences in the amount of PFAS were observed when considering gender or age classes. On this base, hair can be considered a good diagnostic tool to assess PFAS exposure on a regional-scaled base. Of course, more studies are required to infer PFAS internal dose from hair results due to its peculiar detection window and to interpretative issues derived from external contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Piva
- dtoLABS, Via Pozzuoli, 13C/13D, 30038, Spinea, VE, Italy
| | - A Giorgetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Unit of Legal Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - P Ioime
- dtoLABS, Via Pozzuoli, 13C/13D, 30038, Spinea, VE, Italy
| | - L Morini
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Forlanini, 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - F Freni
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Forlanini, 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - F Lo Faro
- Department of Excellence of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, University "Politecnica delle Marche" of Ancona, Via Conca 71, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - F Pirani
- Department of Excellence of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, University "Politecnica delle Marche" of Ancona, Via Conca 71, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Montisci
- Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - P Fais
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Unit of Legal Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - J P Pascali
- Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35127, Padova, Italy.
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Vanacore D, Deledalle F, Ambrosetti D, Durand M, Michel F, Baboudjian M, Gondran-Tellier B, Daniel L, André M, Fais P, Savoie P, Durand X, Rossi D, Karsenty G, Bastide C, Lechevallier E, Boissier R. Active surveillance of biopsy-proven renal oncocytomas, whatever the size at diagnosis. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)35497-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Mazzotti MC, Fais P, Palazzo C, Fersini F, Ruggeri A, Falconi M, Pelotti S, Teti G. Determining the time of death by morphological and immunohistochemical evaluation of collagen fibers in postmortem gingival tissues. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2019; 39:1-8. [PMID: 31078972 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The estimation of the post mortem interval (PMI) is still one of the most challenging variables to determine and the different approaches currently used in its estimation generally yield to large post mortem windows. In the present study we combined morphological and immunohistochemical analysis in order to reach a more detailed knowledge on tissue organization and degradation after death. Ultrastructural cellular changes and the extracellular matrix of gingival tissues, collected at different post mortem intervals, were observed by a Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), in combination with the immunohistochemical detection of extracellular matrix proteins (i.e. collagen type I and collagen type III) as potential post mortem biochemical markers. The final goal was to find a correlation between morphological modifications, biomarkers expression and the time of death. Samples of gingival tissues obtained from 10 cadavers at different post mortem intervals (short post mortem interval, 1-3 days; mid post mortem interval, 4-6 days; long post mortem interval, 7-9 days) were processed for light microscopy and TEM and they were also immunostained with anti-collagen type I and type III antibodies. Results showed gradual degradation of extracellular matrix in the suboral connective tissue in relation to the different time of death. Moreover PMI was related to an increase of nuclear chromatin condensation and cytoplasmic vacuolization both in epithelial and connective tissues. In conclusion, in addition to traditional forensic approaches to estimate PMI, the combined analyses of cellular morphology, ultrastructure and immunohistochemical expression of collagen proteins allow to better infer the PMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Mazzotti
- Department of Medical and Surgery Sciences, University di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - P Fais
- Department of Medical and Surgery Sciences, University di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Palazzo
- Department of Medical and Surgery Sciences, University di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - F Fersini
- Department of Medical and Surgery Sciences, University di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Ruggeri
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Falconi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Pelotti
- Department of Medical and Surgery Sciences, University di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Teti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Lo Vasco VR, Leopizzi M, Della Rocca C, Fais P, Montisci M, Cecchetto G. Impairment and reorganization of the phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C enzymes in suicide brains. J Affect Disord 2015; 174:324-8. [PMID: 25532079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A number of studies suggested that suicide may be associated with specific neurobiological abnormalities. Neurobiology studies focused upon abnormalities of signalling mechanisms with special regard to the serotonin system and the related Phosphoinositide (PI) signalling system. Previous data suggested the involvement of the PI-specific phospholipase C (PLC) family in neuropsychiatric disorders. By using PCR and morphological microscopy observation we examined the whole panel of expression of PLC isoforms in the brains of 28 individuals who committed suicide and in normal controls in order to evaluate the involvement of specific PLC isoforms. The overall PLC expression was reduced and a complex reorganization of the isoforms was observed. The knowledge of the complex network of neurobiological molecules and interconnected signal transduction pathways in the brain of suicide victims might be helpful to understand the natural history and the pathogenesis of the suicidal behavior. That might lead to obtain prognostic suggestions in order to prevent suicide and to new therapeutic agents targeting specific sites in this signalling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Rita Lo Vasco
- Sense Organs Department, Policlinico Umberto I, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, viale del Policlinico 155, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - M Leopizzi
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology, Sapienza University- Polo Pontino, Rome, Italy
| | - C Della Rocca
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology, Sapienza University- Polo Pontino, Rome, Italy
| | - P Fais
- Unit of Forensic Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, Verona University, Verona, Italy
| | - M Montisci
- Department of Cardiological, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Institute of Legal Medicine, Padova University, Padova, Italy
| | - G Cecchetto
- Department of Cardiological, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Institute of Legal Medicine, Padova University, Padova, Italy
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