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Velásquez N, Manrique P, Sear R, Leahy R, Restrepo NJ, Illari L, Lupu Y, Johnson NF. Hidden order across online extremist movements can be disrupted by nudging collective chemistry. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9965. [PMID: 34011970 PMCID: PMC8134557 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89349-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Disrupting the emergence and evolution of potentially violent online extremist movements is a crucial challenge. Extremism research has analyzed such movements in detail, focusing on individual- and movement-level characteristics. But are there system-level commonalities in the ways these movements emerge and grow? Here we compare the growth of the Boogaloos, a new and increasingly prominent U.S. extremist movement, to the growth of online support for ISIS, a militant, terrorist organization based in the Middle East that follows a radical version of Islam. We show that the early dynamics of these two online movements follow the same mathematical order despite their stark ideological, geographical, and cultural differences. The evolution of both movements, across scales, follows a single shockwave equation that accounts for heterogeneity in online interactions. These scientific properties suggest specific policies to address online extremism and radicalization. We show how actions by social media platforms could disrupt the onset and 'flatten the curve' of such online extremism by nudging its collective chemistry. Our results provide a system-level understanding of the emergence of extremist movements that yields fresh insight into their evolution and possible interventions to limit their growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Velásquez
- Institute for Data, Democracy and Politics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - P Manrique
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, 87545, Los Alamos, NM, Mexico
| | - R Sear
- Department of Computer Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - R Leahy
- Institute for Data, Democracy and Politics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- ClustrX LLC, Washington, DC, USA
| | - N Johnson Restrepo
- Institute for Data, Democracy and Politics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- ClustrX LLC, Washington, DC, USA
| | - L Illari
- Physics Department, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Y Lupu
- Department of Political Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - N F Johnson
- Institute for Data, Democracy and Politics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
- Physics Department, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
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Reátegui J, Barriga X, Obando A, Moscoso G, Manrique P, Salazar I. Hermetia illucens larva (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) meal as a protein ingredient for partial replacement of soybean meal in the feed of Cavia porcellus (Guinea pig): effect on the consumption, weight gain and feed conversion. Sci agropecu 2020. [DOI: 10.17268/sci.agropecu.2020.04.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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3
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Johnson NF, Leahy R, Restrepo NJ, Velasquez N, Zheng M, Manrique P, Devkota P, Wuchty S. Hidden resilience and adaptive dynamics of the global online hate ecology. Nature 2019; 573:261-265. [PMID: 31435010 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1494-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Online hate and extremist narratives have been linked to abhorrent real-world events, including a current surge in hate crimes1-6 and an alarming increase in youth suicides that result from social media vitriol7; inciting mass shootings such as the 2019 attack in Christchurch, stabbings and bombings8-11; recruitment of extremists12-16, including entrapment and sex-trafficking of girls as fighter brides17; threats against public figures, including the 2019 verbal attack against an anti-Brexit politician, and hybrid (racist-anti-women-anti-immigrant) hate threats against a US member of the British royal family18; and renewed anti-western hate in the 2019 post-ISIS landscape associated with support for Osama Bin Laden's son and Al Qaeda. Social media platforms seem to be losing the battle against online hate19,20 and urgently need new insights. Here we show that the key to understanding the resilience of online hate lies in its global network-of-network dynamics. Interconnected hate clusters form global 'hate highways' that-assisted by collective online adaptations-cross social media platforms, sometimes using 'back doors' even after being banned, as well as jumping between countries, continents and languages. Our mathematical model predicts that policing within a single platform (such as Facebook) can make matters worse, and will eventually generate global 'dark pools' in which online hate will flourish. We observe the current hate network rapidly rewiring and self-repairing at the micro level when attacked, in a way that mimics the formation of covalent bonds in chemistry. This understanding enables us to propose a policy matrix that can help to defeat online hate, classified by the preferred (or legally allowed) granularity of the intervention and top-down versus bottom-up nature. We provide quantitative assessments for the effects of each intervention. This policy matrix also offers a tool for tackling a broader class of illicit online behaviours21,22 such as financial fraud.
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Affiliation(s)
- N F Johnson
- Physics Department, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - R Leahy
- Physics Department, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - N Velasquez
- Elliot School of International Affairs, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - M Zheng
- Physics Department, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - P Manrique
- Physics Department, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - P Devkota
- Computer Science Department, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - S Wuchty
- Computer Science Department, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
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Johnson NF, Manrique P, Zheng M, Cao Z, Botero J, Huang S, Aden N, Song C, Leady J, Velasquez N, Restrepo EM. Emergent dynamics of extremes in a population driven by common information sources and new social media algorithms. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11895. [PMID: 31417176 PMCID: PMC6695450 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48412-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We quantify how and when extreme subpopulations emerge in a model society despite everyone having the same information and available resources – and show that counterintuitively these extremes will likely be enhanced over time by new social media algorithms designed to reduce division. We verify our analysis mathematically, and show it reproduces (a) the time-dependent behavior observed in controlled experiments on humans, (b) the findings of a recent study of online behavior by Facebook concerning the impact of ‘soft’ and ‘hard’ news, (c) the observed temporal emergence of extremes in U.S. House of Representatives voting, and (d) the real-time emergence of a division in national opinion during the ongoing peace process in Colombia. We uncover a novel societal tipping point which is a ‘ghost’ of a nearby saddle-node bifurcation from dynamical systems theory, and which provides a novel policy opportunity for preventing extremes from emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- N F Johnson
- Physics Department, George Washington University, Washington D.C., 20052, USA.
| | - P Manrique
- Physics Department, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33126, USA
| | - M Zheng
- Physics Department, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33126, USA
| | - Z Cao
- Physics Department, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33126, USA
| | - J Botero
- Physics Department, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33126, USA
| | - S Huang
- Physics Department, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33126, USA
| | - N Aden
- Physics Department, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33126, USA
| | - C Song
- Physics Department, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33126, USA
| | - J Leady
- Mendoza College of Business, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - N Velasquez
- Elliott School of International Affairs, George Washington University, Washington D.C., 20052, USA
| | - E M Restrepo
- Elliott School of International Affairs, George Washington University, Washington D.C., 20052, USA
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Zheng M, Cao Z, Vorobyeva Y, Manrique P, Song C, Johnson NF. Multiscale dynamical network mechanisms underlying aging of an online organism from birth to death. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3552. [PMID: 29476170 PMCID: PMC5824793 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22027-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the continuous-time evolution of an online organism network from birth to death which crosses all organizational and temporal scales, from individual components through to the mesoscopic and entire system scale. These continuous-time data reveal a lifespan driven by punctuated, real-time co-evolution of the structural and functional networks. Aging sees these structural and functional networks gradually diverge in terms of their small-worldness and eventually their connectivity. Dying emerges as an extended process associated with the formation of large but disjoint functional sub-networks together with an increasingly detached core. Our mathematical model quantifies the very different impacts that interventions will have on the overall lifetime, period of initial growth, peak of potency, and duration of old age, depending on when and how they are administered. In addition to their direct relevance to online extremism, our findings may offer insight into aging in other network systems of comparable complexity for which extensive in vivo data is not yet available.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zheng
- Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
- Complexity Initiative, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Z Cao
- Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
- Complexity Initiative, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Y Vorobyeva
- Department of International Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - P Manrique
- Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
- Complexity Initiative, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - C Song
- Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
- Complexity Initiative, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - N F Johnson
- Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA.
- Complexity Initiative, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA.
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Lopez-Urueña E, Anel-López L, Borragan S, Ortega Ferrusola C, Manrique P, de Paz P, Anel L, Alvarez M. The use of gelatine in long-term storage (up to 48 hr) at 5°C preserves the pre-freezing and post-thawing quality of brown bear sperm. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:700-7. [PMID: 27418181 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sedimentation of spermatozoa occurs during long-term liquid storage and this may produce deleterious changes. Our aim was to apply gelatine supplementation during long-term pre-freezing storage of bear sperm, applying final dilution and 6% glycerol at room temperature and cool in straws. We tested four models of sperm storage using a 1:1 dilution in TTF-ULE-Bear extender (TesT-fructose-egg yolk-glycerol 6%): (i) second 1:1 dilution at room temperature (RT), cooling at 5°C in a tube and final dilution (100 × 10(6) sperm ml(-1) ) (Standard); (ii) final dilution at RT and cooling in a tube (FD-Tube); (iii) final dilution at RT and cooling in 0.25 ml plastic straw (FD-Straw); and (iv) final dilution at RT in extender supplemented with 1.5% gelatine (Gelatine) and cooling in a 0.25 ml plastic straw. A Standard sample was stored at 5°C for 1 hr (Control); the rest of the samples (Standard, FD-Tube, FD-Straw, Gelatine) were stored for 24 or 48 hrs before freezing (100 × 10(6) sperm ml(-1) , glycerol 6%). The quality of the samples was assessed for motility by CASA, and viability (SYBR-14/propidium iodide-PI-; VIAB), acrosomal status (PNA-FITC/PI; iACR) and apoptotic status (YO-PRO-1/PI; YOPRO-) by flow cytometry. At pre-freezing, after 48 hr, Gelatine showed significantly higher viability (for VIAB and YOPRO-) and progressiveness (PM, LIN and STR). At 48 hr, Gelatine showed similar YOPRO-, iACR, LIN, STR and ALH respect to Control. At both 24 and 48 h post-thawing, Gelatine sample had similar scores for YOPRO-, iACR, LIN, STR, WOB and VIAB (only 24 hr) when compared with Control, and lower for TM, PM, rapidPM, VAP and ALH. No differences were found among others experimental groups with respect to Control. In conclusion, gelatine could be a suitable alternative to preserve the viability and progressive motility of brown bear ejaculates during long-term pre-freezing storage at 5°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lopez-Urueña
- ITRA-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, León, Spain.,Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, University of León, León, Spain
| | | | | | | | - P Manrique
- ITRA-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, León, Spain
| | - P de Paz
- ITRA-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, León, Spain. .,Molecular Biology (Cell Biology), University of León, León, Spain.
| | - L Anel
- ITRA-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, León, Spain.,Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, University of León, León, Spain
| | - M Alvarez
- ITRA-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, León, Spain.,Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, University of León, León, Spain
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Johnson NF, Zheng M, Vorobyeva Y, Gabriel A, Qi H, Velasquez N, Manrique P, Johnson D, Restrepo E, Song C, Wuchty S. New online ecology of adversarial aggregates: ISIS and beyond. Science 2016; 352:1459-63. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf0675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. F. Johnson
- Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33126, USA
| | - M. Zheng
- Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33126, USA
| | - Y. Vorobyeva
- Department of International Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33126, USA
| | - A. Gabriel
- Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33126, USA
| | - H. Qi
- Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33126, USA
| | - N. Velasquez
- Department of International Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33126, USA
| | - P. Manrique
- Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33126, USA
| | - D. Johnson
- Department of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - E. Restrepo
- Department of Geography and Regional Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33126, USA
| | - C. Song
- Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33126, USA
| | - S. Wuchty
- Department of Computer Science, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33126, USA
- Center for Computational Science, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33126, USA
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8
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Álvarez-Rodríguez M, Álvarez M, Anel-López L, López-Urueña E, Manrique P, Borragán S, Morrell J, de Paz P, Anel L. Effect of colloid (Androcoll-Bear, Percoll, and PureSperm) selection on the freezability of brown bear (Ursus arctos) sperm. Theriogenology 2016; 85:1097-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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López-Urueña E, Alvarez M, Gomes-Alves S, Anel-López L, Martínez-Rodríguez C, Manrique P, Borragan S, Anel L, de Paz P. Optimization of conditions for long-term prefreezing storage of brown bear sperm before cryopreservation. Theriogenology 2015; 84:1161-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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López-Urueña E, Alvarez M, Gomes-Alves S, Manrique P, Anel-López L, Chamorro CA, Borragan S, de Paz P, Anel L. Alternative procedures for the cryopreservation of brown bear ejaculates depending on the flexibility of the "in cooling" period (5°C). Cryobiology 2014; 69:434-41. [PMID: 25315224 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The adaptability of cryopreservation protocols for brown bear spermatozoa collected under field conditions and frozen in a nearby laboratory (transported for a few hours) or shipped to a reference laboratory for sex sorting (transported for a few days) was evaluated. Forty-nine electroejaculates from 15 mature brown bears were extended to 100×10(6) sperm/mL in a TES-Tris-Fructose based extender and cryopreserved (-20°C/min to -100°C and stored at -196°C). After thawing, the quality of the seminal samples was assessed for total (TM), progressive (PM) motility and kinetic parameters - by CASA -, and viability (VIAB), viable and non-apoptotic status (YOPRO-), high membrane mitochondrial potential (MIT) and intact acrosomes (iACR) - by flow cytometry -. In Experiment 1, we assessed different storage times (0, 0.5, 1 - control -, 4-5, 7-8 and 11-12 h) at 5°C from final dilution to freezing. After thawing, non-equilibrated samples (0 h) showed lower values of iACR, TM and PM. No significant differences were found for the different periods of equilibration tested. In Experiment 2, we evaluated three long-term storage times (24, 48 and 72 h) at 5°C before freezing using storage for 1h as control. The post-thawing quality of brown bear spermatozoa declined markedly after 48-72 h of pre-freezing. In conclusion, our findings suggest the possibility of extending the pre-freezing cooling period up to 24h post-collection without freezing. This knowledge should enable the adaptation of the freezing protocols for when a special handling conditions are required such as the shipment of seminal samples to technological centers for the pre-freezing application of enhancer spermatic biotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E López-Urueña
- ITRA-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - M Alvarez
- ITRA-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - S Gomes-Alves
- ITRA-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - P Manrique
- ITRA-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - L Anel-López
- ITRA-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; SaBio IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Campus Universitario s. n., 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - C A Chamorro
- ITRA-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; Veterinary Anatomy, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | | | - P de Paz
- ITRA-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; Molecular Biology (Cell Biology), University of León, 24071 León, Spain.
| | - L Anel
- ITRA-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
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Manrique P, Freire MO, Chen C, Zadeh HH, Young M, Suci P. Perturbation of the indigenous rat oral microbiome by ciprofloxacin dosing. Mol Oral Microbiol 2013; 28:404-14. [PMID: 23844936 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal surfaces such as the gut, vagina and oral cavity are colonized by microbiota that are an integral component of the healthy ecosystem. Recent molecular techniques make it feasible to correlate antimicrobial dosing levels with changes in microbiome composition. The objective of this study was to characterize the rat oral plaque microbiome composition at doses of ciprofloxacin that were considerably above and below nominal in vitro minimal inhibitory concentrations of a variety of gram-positive oral commensal bacteria. We exposed the oral cavities of rats to relatively low (0.1 μg ml(-1) ) and high (20 μg ml(-1)) doses of ciprofloxacin in the drinking water over a 3-day period. Plaque microbiota were characterized using 454 pyrosequencing. The rat indigenous community was dominated by the genera Rothia (74.4%) and Streptococcus (4.7%). Dosing at 0.1 μg ml(-1) was associated with changes in Rothia and Streptococcus species that were not significant, whereas dosing at 20 μg ml(-1) caused a pronounced (significant) reduction in the relative abundance of the Streptococcus genus. Taxonomic independent analysis indicated that the perturbation in the overall community structure attributed to dosing with ciprofloxacin at either the low or high dose was relatively low. The results suggest that it is feasible to use an antimicrobial dosing regimen to selectively target a specific subset of a mucosal microbiome for elimination with minimal perturbation of the entire community.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Manrique
- Department of Microbiology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
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Abstract
Trichoblastoma is a benign tumour that differentiates towards the hair germ epithelium with a dense fibrous stroma that gives a hair bulb-like appearance. Currently it is being used the classification proposed by Ackerman and colleagues. The lesion usually presents as a solitary nodule, 1-2 cm in diameter, more frequently located on the scalp and face, that is easily removed during surgery. We describe the case of a large trichoblastoma located on the buttock.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Morillo
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital de Galdakao, Galdakao, Vizcaya, España
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Morillo V, Manrique P, Zabalza I, Artola JL. [Eruptive clear cell acanthoma]. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2009; 100:244-246. [PMID: 19457317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
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Morillo V, Manrique P, Zabalza I, Artola J. Eruptive Clear Cell Acanthoma. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition) 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1578-2190(09)70057-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Sanchez-Perez J, De Frutos JO, Bravo BG, Salazar LC, Muntañola AA, De la Cuadra Oyanguren J, Fernandez-Redondo V, Juanena DG, Vozmediano JMF, Manrique P, Romero AM, Alvarez BP, Serna MR, Sagrera CR, Pedreño PS, Baldrich ES, Silvestre JF, Vilaplana JV. P23
Allergic contact sensitization in Spanish patch-tested patients in 2001. Contact Dermatitis 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.0105-1873.2004.0309fe.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Vildósola S, Manrique P, Artola JL, Bilbao I, Morillo V, Zabalza I. [Bluish nodule in the hand]. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2007; 98:497-8. [PMID: 17669307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Vildósola
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital de Galdakao, Vizcaya, España.
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Morillo V, Manrique P, De Miguel E, Arechalde A, Mariscal A. Nevus comedonicus with epidermolytic hyperkeratosis. Eur J Dermatol 2007; 17:176-7. [PMID: 17337416 DOI: 10.1684/ejd.2007.0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Manrique P, Mayo J, Alvarez JA, Ganchegui X, Zabalza I, Flores M. Polymorphous cutaneous cryptococcosis: nodular, herpes-like, and molluscum-like lesions in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. J Am Acad Dermatol 1992; 26:122-4. [PMID: 1732319 DOI: 10.1016/s0190-9622(08)80526-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Manrique
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de Galdácano, Vizcaya, Spain
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