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Bardou M, Bornet C, Zamparini E, Blondel B, Graillon T, Pinelli P, Seng P, Stein A. Cotrimoxazole et infections ostéo-articulaires. Med Mal Infect 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2019.04.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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2
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Girlanda M, Selosse MA, Cafasso D, Brilli F, Delfine S, Fabbian R, Ghignone S, Pinelli P, Segreto R, Loreto F, Cozzolino S, Perotto S. Inefficient photosynthesis in the Mediterranean orchid Limodorum abortivum is mirrored by specific association to ectomycorrhizal Russulaceae. Mol Ecol 2005; 15:491-504. [PMID: 16448415 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2005.02770.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Among European Neottieae, Limodorum abortivum is a common Mediterranean orchid. It forms small populations with a patchy distribution in woodlands, and is characterized by much reduced leaves, suggesting a partial mycoheterotrophy. We have investigated both the photosynthetic abilities of L. abortivum adult plants and the diversity of mycorrhizal fungi in Limodorum plants growing in different environments and plant communities (coniferous and broadleaf forests) over a wide geographical and altitudinal range. Despite the presence of photosynthetic pigments, CO2 fixation was found to be insufficient to compensate for respiration in adult plants. Fungal diversity was assessed by morphological and molecular methods in L. abortivum as well as in the related rare species Limodorum trabutianum and Limodorum brulloi. Phylogenetic analyses of the fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences, obtained from root samples of about 80 plants, revealed a tendency to associate predominantly with fungal symbionts of the genus Russula. Based on sequence similarities with known species, most root endophytes could be ascribed to the species complex encompassing Russula delica, Russula chloroides, and Russula brevipes. Few sequences clustered in separate groups nested within Russula, a genus of ectomycorrhizal fungi. The morphotypes of ectomycorrhizal root tips of surrounding trees yielded sequences similar or identical to those obtained from L. abortivum. These results demonstrate that Limodorum species with inefficient photosynthesis specifically associate with ectomycorrhizal fungi, and appear to have adopted a nutrition strategy similar to that known from achlorophyllous orchids.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Girlanda
- Dipartimento di Biologia vegetale, Università di Torino and IPP-CNR, V.le Mattioli 25, 10125 Torino, Italy
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Saracini E, Tattini M, Traversi ML, Vincieri FF, Pinelli P. Simultaneous LC-DAD and LC-MS Determination of Ellagitannins, Flavonoid Glycosides, and Acyl-Glycosyl Flavonoids in Cistus salvifolius L. Leaves. Chromatographia 2005. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-005-0623-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Turchetti B, Pinelli P, Buzzini P, Romani A, Heimler D, Franconi F, Martini A. In vitro antimycotic activity of some plant extracts towards yeast and yeast-like strains. Phytother Res 2005; 19:44-9. [PMID: 15798996 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
As part of screening aimed at the selection of novel antimycotic compounds of vegetable origin, leaf extracts of Camellia sinensis L., Cupressus sempervirens L. and Pistacia lentiscus L. and the seed extract of Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc. were tested against yeast and yeast-like species implicated in human mycoses. Of the extracts only those of C. sinensis (obtained from a commercial preparation of green tea) exhibited broad activity towards Candida glabrata, Clavispora lusitatiae, Cryptococcus laurentii, Filobasidiella neoformans, Issatchenkia orientalis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Prototheca wickerhamii strains. MICs ranging from 300 to 4800 microg extract/mL (corresponding to 130-2010 microg/mL total polyphenols) were observed. Concentrations of the C. sinensis extract over 25 000 microg/mL caused a rapid decrease of viable cells of Fil. neoformans and its activity was dose-dependent. Tests carried out using the pure polyphenols present in C. sinensis extract composition, showed that only epicatechin-3-O-gallate (ECG) and epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) possess antimycotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Turchetti
- Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale e Biotecnologie Agroambientali, Sezione di Microbiologia Applicata, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
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Mulinacci N, Prucher D, Peruzzi M, Romani A, Pinelli P, Giaccherini C, Vincieri FF. Commercial and laboratory extracts from artichoke leaves: estimation of caffeoyl esters and flavonoidic compounds content. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2004; 34:349-57. [PMID: 15013149 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(03)00552-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2003] [Revised: 09/24/2003] [Accepted: 09/25/2003] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Artichoke leaf extracts are widely used alone or in association with other herbs for embittering alcoholic and soft drinks and to prepare herbal teas or herbal medicinal products. Despite this wide diffusion, the European Pharmacopoeia does not report an official method for the determination of the active principles of artichoke leaf extracts. This work reports a quali-quantitative determination by HPLC/DAD and HPLC/MS techniques of both cynnamic acids and flavonoids present in some artichoke leaf commercial extracts (Com) compared with two different laboratory extracts (Lab). Most of the commercial extracts showed a similar quali-quantitative pattern with a single exception having five-six times higher value. The quantitative data from the Italian Pharmacopoeia(IP) official method does not evaluate the flavonoidic fraction and showed an overestimation of the caffeoyl esters with respect to the HPLC/DAD results. The proposed HPLC/DAD method was able to completely characterize and quantify this matrix and represents a contribution to better quality control of these herbal extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mulinacci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Via G. Capponi, 9, Florence 50121, Italy.
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Bagnato G, De Filippis LG, Morgante S, Morgante ML, Farina G, Caliri A, Romano C, D'Avola G, Pinelli P, Calpona PR, Streva P, Resta ML, De Luca G, Di Giorgio R. Clinical improvement and serum amino acid levels after mud-bath therapy. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 2004; 24:39-47. [PMID: 15689050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Spa therapy is an ancient approach to degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis, but until today this tradition has been predominantly empiric and intuitive and few studies have focused on the biological changes derived from this treatment. We assessed the clinical efficacy and variations in amino acid concentrations in serum samples from patients with knee osteoarthritis who underwent spa therapy and put forward an explanation of their role in clinical improvement. Thirty-one patients with knee osteoarthritis who underwent spa therapy underwent a clinical evaluation, and serum amino acid levels were assayed before and after a cycle of balneotherapy and mud-pack therapy. The thermal treatments were carried out in Sciacca. Analysis of the data showed a significant reduction in pain and improvement in joint motility. Serum concentrations of tryptophan, cysteine and citrulline were significantly higher than at baseline. No significant differences were observed in serum levels of the remaining free amino acids. The results of this study confirm the efficacy of spa therapy in the treatment of osteoarthritis. A possible role for changes in serum amino acid concentration is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bagnato
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Pasetti C, Lualdi MM, Pinelli P. A paradoxical acute effect of levodopa in de novo parkinsonian patients: worsening of some bradykinetic components. Neurol Sci 2003; 24:201-2. [PMID: 14598087 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-003-0130-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Reports of alterations of reaction times (RTs) in Parkinson's disease are often discordant, particularly when the aim of the research is investigation of the relationship between levodopa (LD) administration and RTs. Slowing of simple RT in a group of de novo parkinsonian patients 30-90 min after administration of LD (Madopar 250) was recently reported. This temporary phenomenon was attributed to a sedative effect of LD. Our present study aimed to repeat these investigations using Multiple Delayed Reaction Verbochronometry (MDRV). We conclude that such a slowing is not a temporary phenomenon but may represent the increased time necessary for the subject to adequately perform the reaction tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pasetti
- IRCCS Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, Via per Revislate 13, Veruno (NO), Italy
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Romani A, Pinelli P, Galardi C, Mulinacci N, Tattini M. Identification and quantification of galloyl derivatives, flavonoid glycosides and anthocyanins in leaves of Pistacia lentiscus L. Phytochem Anal 2002; 13:79-86. [PMID: 12018027 DOI: 10.1002/pca.627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Separation, identification and quantification of polyphenols was carried out on leaves of Pistacia lentiscus L., an evergreen member of the family Anacardiaceae, using semi-preparative HPLC, HPLC-photodiode array detection and HPLC-MS analysis, together with 1H- and 13C NMR. Three major classes of secondary metabolites were detected: (i) gallic acid and galloyl derivatives of both glucose and quinic acid; (ii) flavonol glycosides, i.e. myricetin and quercetin glycosides; and (iii) anthocyanins, namely delphinidin 3-O-glucoside and cyanidin 3-O-glucoside. Low amounts of catechin were also detected. The concentration of galloyl derivatives was extremely high, representing 5.3% of the leaf dry weight, and appreciable amounts of myricetin derivatives were also detected (1.5% on a dry weight basis). These findings may be useful in establishing a relationship between the chemical composition of the leaf extract and the previously reported biological activity of P. lentiscus, and may also assign a new potential role of P. lentiscus tissue extracts in human health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Romani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi, Via G. Capponi 9, I-50121, Firenze, Italy
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Mulinacci N, Romani A, Galardi C, Pinelli P, Giaccherini C, Vincieri FF. Polyphenolic content in olive oil waste waters and related olive samples. J Agric Food Chem 2001; 49:3509-3514. [PMID: 11513620 DOI: 10.1021/jf000972q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The production of olive oil yields a considerable amount of waste water, which is a powerful pollutant and is currently discarded. Polyphenols and other natural antioxidants, extracted from olives during oil extraction process, partially end up in the waste waters. Experimental and commercial olive oil waste waters from four Mediterranean countries were analyzed for a possible recovering of these biologically interesting constituents. Identification and quantitation of the main polyphenols were carried out by applying HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MS methods. Representative samples of ripe olives were also analyzed at the same time to correlate, if possible, their polyphenolic profiles with those of the corresponding olive oil waste waters. The results demonstrate that Italian commercial olive oil waste waters were the richest in total polyphenolic compounds with amounts between 150 and 400 mg/100 mL of waste waters. These raw, as yet unused, matrices could represent an interesting and alternative source of biologically active polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mulinacci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, via G. Capponi 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy. nadia.muliacci@.unifi.it
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Abstract
In this paper, we discuss the influence of different micellar systems on the degradation of natural anthocyans, either glycosides and aglycones, at pH values ranging from 2.8 to 6.0. The interaction of anthocyanins, in suitable dispersed systems such as negative micelles of sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS), consistently increased their chemical stability in aqueous solutions. The results of these experiments point out how both the number of available negative charges and the presence of an organised distribution of the negative charges on the micellar surface appear to be necessary conditions to achieve the anthocyanins' stability and colour retention. The sodium dodecylbenzensulphonate (SDBS), containing an aromatic ring near the negative surface of the micelle, seems to increase the rate of decomposition. Preliminary findings of circular dicroism (CD) investigation allowed us to hypothesise that these pigments undergo an intermolecular self-association process induced by the SDS micelles and this phenomenon presumably contribute to increase stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mulinacci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via G. Capponi 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
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Romani A, Pinelli P, Mulinacci N, Galardi C, Vincieri FF, Liberatore L, Cichelli A. HPLC and HRGC analyses of polyphenols and secoiridoid in olive oil. Chromatographia 2001. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02490424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Tattini M, Gravano E, Pinelli P, Mulinacci N, Romani A. Flavonoids accumulate in leaves and glandular trichomes of Phillyrea latifolia exposed to excess solar radiation. New Phytol 2000; 148:69-77. [PMID: 33863030 DOI: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00743.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Experiments were conducted on Phillyrea latifolia plants grown under a dense overstorey of Pinus pinea (shade plants) or on seashore dunes (sun plants) in a coastal area of Tuscany (42° 46' N, 10° 53' E). Total integrated photon flux densities averaged 1.67 and 61.4 m mol m-2 d-1 for shade and sun sites, respectively. A leaf morphological-structural analysis, a qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenylpropanoids of leaf tissue and leaf surface, and a histochemical localization of flavonoids were conducted. The area of sun leaves reached 57% of that of shade leaves, whereas leaf angle (β), sclerophylly index (ratio of leaf d. wt:leaf area), and trichome frequency (trichome number mm-2 ) were markedly greater in leaves exposed to full solar radiation than in leaves acclimated to shade. The total thickness of sun leaves was 78% higher than that of shade leaves, mostly owing to a greater development of both palisade parenchyma and spongy mesophyll. The concentration, but not the composition, of leaf tissue phenylpropanoids varied significantly between sun and shade leaves, with a marked increase in flavonoid glycosides in sun leaves. Flavonoids occurred almost exclusively in the upper epidermal cells of shade leaves. By contrast, flavonoids largely accumulated in the upper and lower epidermis, as well as in the mesophyll tissue of leaves that were acclimated to full sunlight. Flavonoid glycosides were found exclusively in the secretory products of glandular trichomes of P. latifolia leaves exposed to high levels of light; luteolin 7-O- glucoside and quercetin 3-O-rutinoside were the major constituents. By contrast, verbascoside and an unidentified caffeic acid derivative constituted 72% of total phenylpropanoids secreted by glandular trichomes of shade leaves, whereas they were not detected in glandular trichomes of sun leaves. These findings suggest that the light-induced synthesis of flavonoids in glandular trichomes of P. latifolia probably occurs in situ and concomitantly inactivates other branch pathways of the general phenylpropanoid metabolism. This is the first report of the key role of glandular trichomes and of flavonoid glycosides in the integrated mechanisms of acclimation of P. latifolia to excess light.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tattini
- 1 Istituto sulla Propagazione delle Specie Legnose - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Ponte di Formicola 76, I-50018 Scandicci, Florence, Italy
| | - E Gravano
- 1 Istituto sulla Propagazione delle Specie Legnose - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Ponte di Formicola 76, I-50018 Scandicci, Florence, Italy
| | - P Pinelli
- 1 Istituto sulla Propagazione delle Specie Legnose - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Ponte di Formicola 76, I-50018 Scandicci, Florence, Italy
| | - N Mulinacci
- 1 Istituto sulla Propagazione delle Specie Legnose - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Ponte di Formicola 76, I-50018 Scandicci, Florence, Italy
| | - A Romani
- 1 Istituto sulla Propagazione delle Specie Legnose - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Ponte di Formicola 76, I-50018 Scandicci, Florence, Italy
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Romani A, Pinelli P, Mulinacci N, Vincieri FF, Gravano E, Tattini M. HPLC analysis of flavonoids and secoiridoids in leaves of Ligustrum vulgare L. (Oleaceae). J Agric Food Chem 2000; 48:4091-4096. [PMID: 10995320 DOI: 10.1021/jf9913256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Identification and quantification of flavonol glycosides and secoiridoids was carried out on leaves of Ligustrum vulgare L. (Oleaceae) by means of HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MS analysis. In addition to previously reported secoiridoids (oleuropein, ligustaloside A, ligustaloside B, and ligstroside) four kaempferol glycosides (kaempferol 3-O-glucoside 7-O-rhamnoside, kaempferol 3, 7-O-dirhamnoside, kaempferol 3-O-rhamnoside, and kaempferol 3-O-glucoside) and two quercetin glycosides (quercetin 3-O-glucoside 7-O-rhamnoside and quercetin 3,7-O-dirhamnoside) were present in leaves of L. vulgare L. Although secoiridoids accounted for nearly the 76% of the total leaf polyphenols content (with ligustaloside A as the main component), kaempferol glycosides were also accumulated in the leaves of L. vulgare L. to a relatively high extent (23%). Contribution of quercetin derivatives was minor under our experimental conditions. Our findings suggest that flavonol glycosides may have a central role in both the ecology and the biology of L. vulgare L.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Romani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, Via Gino Capponi 9, I-50100 Florence, Italy
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Pinelli P, Ceriani F, Colombo R, Pasetti C, Terazzi M, Castignoli G. Delayed verbal reactions are specifically impaired in patients with schizophrenia. Int J Psychophysiol 2000; 37:163-75. [PMID: 10832003 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8760(00)00088-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent neuropsychological, psychophysiological and neuroimaging studies have shown that specific changes in attention and information processes occur in schizophrenic disorders. A verbal delayed reaction methodology, determined by our group since 1992, has provided similar quantitative data. Visual verbal stimuli, occurring in random sequence, are presented to the subject who is requested to utter immediately the perceived word in a first trial; in a second one, a delay (foreperiod) between the word presentation and a 'go' signal (eight asterisks) is interposed. Acousticograms and orbicularis oris EMG are recorded as responses. The ratio of the 1.5-s foreperiod delayed reaction time to the immediate reaction time reveals a facilitation of the executive system occurring during sustained purposeful attention, a characteristic function of the prefrontal cortex. A further ratio, with a 0.1-s foreperiod, has been measured to investigate the effect of interference processes. These trials have been performed including 18 patients with schizophrenia, 31 with idiopathic Parkinson's disease, four patients with extrapyramidal degenerative diseases, five affected by obsessive compulsive disorder and in age-matched normal controls. Both ratios were significantly increased in schizophrenic patients and, on the contrary, decreased in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. These changes are in agreement with the neuroimaging findings of 'hypofrontality' in the schizophrenic patients. Verbal delayed reaction methodology seems a reliable and easily applicable tool for investigating sustained purposeful attention processes in clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pinelli
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Neurology, St. Paolo Hospital, University of Milano, Via di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
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Romani A, Minunni M, Mulinacci N, Pinelli P, Vincieri FF, Del Carlo M, Mascini M. Comparison among differential pulse voltammetry, amperometric biosensor, and HPLC/DAD analysis for polyphenol determination. J Agric Food Chem 2000; 48:1197-1203. [PMID: 10775372 DOI: 10.1021/jf990767e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols are widespread in vegetables and fruits. They can play an important role in human diet and health, and they influence the sensorial properties of many foods, and act as natural antioxidants. This study was conducted using HPLC/DAD, tyrosinase biosensor, and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) analyses to detect polyphenolic compounds in natural complex matrices. The analyses were applied to a series of both standards and natural extracts derived from grape, olives, and green tea. The pure compounds include phenolic acids, flavones, flavonols, catechins, tannins, and oleuropein. HPLC/DAD, DPV, and the biosensor approach were used as independent analytical techniques. Bare graphite screen-printed electrodes were employed in DPV and in the biosensor analysis. The most accurate data were obtained by HPLC/DAD analysis, while the DPV approach using screen-printed electrodes could represent a quick screening method for the determination of polyphenols in natural extracts. Use of the biosensor for the analysis of complex matrices needs further study in order to improve its performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Romani
- Dip. di Sanità Pubblica, Epidemiologia e Chimica Analitica Ambientale, sez. di Chimica Analitica, Via G. Capponi 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
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Mulinacci N, Romani A, Pinelli P, Vincieri FF, Prucher D. Characterization ofMatricaria recutita L. Flower extracts by HPLC-MS and HPLC-DAD analysis. Chromatographia 2000. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02490607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Romani A, Mulinacci N, Pinelli P, Vincieri FF, Cimato A. Polyphenolic content in five tuscany cultivars of Olea europaea L. J Agric Food Chem 1999; 47:964-7. [PMID: 10552399 DOI: 10.1021/jf980264t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study polyphenolic compounds extracted from olive fruits of five registered cultivars were analyzed. A solid-liquid extraction (LSE) procedure with Extrelut cartridge (diatomaceous earth) using different eluents was developed to obtain polyphenolic compounds. HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MS methods were applied for the quali-quantitative analysis of each fraction obtained from LSE. The results of this work show that the LSE procedure with diatomaceous earth cartridge supplies a rapid and reproducible fractioning method able to obtain a quantitative recovery of all compounds and to collect fractions directly analyzed by HPLC. A comparison among different cultivars shows significant quantitative differences in some polyphenols, such as verbascoside, anthocyanic compounds, and oleuropein derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Romani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Gino Capponi 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
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Ceriani F, Pinelli P, Piazzini A, Canger R, Canevini M, Colombo R. 38 Impairment of delayed verbal reactions in epileptic patients. Int J Psychophysiol 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8760(98)90038-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Colombo R, Minuco G, Pasetti C, Pinelli P. 36 Delayed verbal reactions: Technology and methodology. Int J Psychophysiol 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8760(98)90036-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Pinelli P, Baroni L, Squarza R. 5-12-04 Verbal delayed reactions. A study of prefrontal functional impairments in mental disorders. J Neurol Sci 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(97)86319-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ceriani F, Poloni P, Pinelli P. 1-27-04 Multiple delay verbal reaction in stutterers. J Neurol Sci 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(97)85016-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Colombo R, Spinatonda G, Minuco G, Miscio G, Pisano F, Pinelli P. [Processes of speech production: Analysis of the methods and applications in a group of normal subjects (I)]. G Ital Med Lav Ergon 1997; 19:80-4. [PMID: 9463049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The measurement of reaction times in response to suitable stimuli may provide insight into the separate functional blocks corresponding to diverse speech production mechanisms. The quantitative evaluation of speech motor performance provides useful information for the early detection and long-term monitoring of many neurological diseases. The vocal reaction times (VRTs) technique and its application in the assessment of a group of normal subjects is presented. Speech motor performance and the effect of age were investigated by measuring VRTs and speech duration, in a group of thirty normal subjects divided into three age groups (18-44, 45-59, 60-80). VRTs were measured by using an immediate and delayed reaction stimulation paradigm. Analysis of the acoustic and electromyographic signals indicated that reaction times increased with age in both the immediate and delayed tasks; also the acoustic signal durations increased with age. The analysis of variance showed that the difference between the young and elderly groups was statistically significant. This technique may be considered a useful tool to provide qualitative and quantitative measures of the processes involved in speech production.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Colombo
- Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri Clinica del Lavoro e dalla Riabilitazione, IRCCS, Istituto di Riabilitazione di Veruno (No)
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23
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Spinatonda G, Colombo R, Capodaglio EM, Imbriani M, Pasetti C, Minuco G, Pinelli P. [Processes of speech production: Application in a group of subjects chronically exposed to organic solvents (II)]. G Ital Med Lav Ergon 1997; 19:85-8. [PMID: 9463050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chronic exposition to neurotoxic solvents in a group of laundry operators by means of Vocal Reaction Times (VRTs) measurements. A group of normal subjects, matched for age and educational level, constituted the controls. Vocal Reaction Times were measured by a device that presented to each subject a sequence of words on a computer screen, acquired the acoustic signal and measured VRTs and durations. During the test a random sequence of words was presented to the subjects; the protocol consisted of two immediate reading task and two delayed reading tasks. The test was performed using concrete and meaningless words. Statistical analysis showed that reaction times measured on the acoustic signals were longer for the exposed group than for the controls. The differences between durations were significant for the delayed reading tasks using concrete words and for all tasks using meaningless words. These findings suggest that this technique may be considered a useful tool for the assessment of the preclinical alterations of CNS in the monitoring of individuals chronically exposed to neurotoxic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Spinatonda
- Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, Clinica del Lavoro e dalla Riabilitazione, IRCCS, Istituto di Riabilitazione di Veruno (No)
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24
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Pinelli P, Pasetti C, Colombo R, Pinelli P, Spinatonda G. Working Memory Brain Processes are Impaired in Schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(97)80523-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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25
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Abstract
Forty-eight normal subjects were evaluated for the purpose of objectively quantifying muscle tone. Flexor carpi radialis and extensor digitorum communis electromyographic (EMG) activity was simultaneously recorded during wrist movements imposed by a torque motor. Each session was subdivided into three steps: (1) measurement of the 'intrinsic stiffness index' (ISI) at 10 degrees/s; (2) measurement of the 'total stiffness index' (TSI) at 500 degrees/s; (3) evaluation of the stretch reflex threshold speed (SRTS). No stretch reflex (SR) was found in about half of the subjects, even at the highest speed. ISI was higher in males (p < 0.001); significant differences in TSI were found between subjects with SR and those without (p < 0.02); no statistical differences in SRTS were found for either age or gender. ISI, TSI and SRTS, appear to be reliable indices of the range of normal muscle tone for its quantitative assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pisano
- Unit of Neurophysiology, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri Clinica del Lavoro e della Riabilitazione, IRCCS, Italy
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26
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Pinelli P, Pisano F, Miscio G. [Effect of motor neuron density on the curve of motor neuron impoverishment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]. Ann Ist Super Sanita 1996; 32:345-50. [PMID: 9103160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We have clinically and electromyographically examined, during a follow-up study, weakened muscles and still clinically normal muscles of 9 patients affected by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and of 3 patients affected by focal benign amyotrophy (FBA). MRC scores corrected with positive semiquantitative evaluations of the number of giant motor unit (MU) action potentials and with negative evaluations of the number of fasciculations and fibrillations potentials have been found to linearly correlate with the percentage of the residual MUs calculated from the mean amplitude and the spike number during maximal voluntary contraction. A main finding is that the loss of MUs slows down in the last 10 months of the disease. It follows that after a phase when the pathological process was accelerated by the toxic effect due to the abnormally high concentration of glutamate released by dead motoneurons, the residual cells because of the decreased motoneuronal density are less exposed to the possible neurotoxic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pinelli
- Divisione di Scienze Biomediche, Ospedale San Paolo, Milano
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27
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Abstract
Autoregressive spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) was performed in 29 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and 33 age-matched healthy subjects to evaluate the involvement of the autonomic nervous system. HRV analysis provides a means to recognize low (LF) and high (HF) frequency components, respectively mediated by sympathetic and parasympathetic heart control. An increase in the mean heart rate at rest (P < 0.001), a decrease in standard deviation of R-R interval as well as in PNN50 (P < 0.001), and an increase in the LF/HF component ratio (P < 0.01) were found in the ALS patients, indicating a vagal-sympathetic imbalance. These alterations were not related to the clinical features and to the duration of the disease. Our results suggest a subclinical involvement of the autonomic nervous system in ALS, particularly affecting parasympathetic cardiovascular control.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pisano
- Neurophysiological Unit, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, Medical Centre of Rehabilitation, Veruno (NO), Italy
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28
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Pisano F, Miscio G, Romorini A, Pinelli P. [Abdominal propriospinal myoclonus of unknown etiology]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1995; 151:209-11. [PMID: 7676160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We report the case of a 77-year-old woman with a two-year history of abdominal non rhythmic myoclonus. Neurological examination was normal. Bursts of myoclonic activity were recorded from the rectus abdominis muscle and then from the external oblique muscle after a delay of 40 ms. Magnetic resonance imaging of dorsal spine revealed T7-T8 and T9-T10 disc protrusions without root compression. Electroencephalography, back-averaging-EEG, brain computed tomography scan, motor and sensory evoked potentials revealed no abnormality, thus ruling out the possibility that the myoclonic jerks might be of cortical origin. Electromyography of the rectus abdominis and external oblique and of the T7-T8 paraspinal muscles did not show signs of denervation. Therefore a peripheral origin of the myoclonus could be excluded. In our patient the difference in latency of the EMG activity between the external oblique and the rectus abdominis muscles was possibly due to the caudal propagation of the myoclonus by slowly conducting pathways, supporting the hypothesis for its propriospinal origin, even though a known ethiologic factor could not be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pisano
- Fondazione Clinica del Lavoro IRCCS, Centro Medico di Riabilitazione, Servizio di Neurofisiopatologia, Veruno (NO), Italia
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29
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Pinelli P, Pisano F, Miscio G. The possible role of a secondary pathogenetic factor in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Adv Neurol 1995; 68:29-40. [PMID: 8787240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Pinelli
- Department of Neurology, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
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30
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Colombo R, Parenzan R, Minuco G, Conti R, Miscio G, Pisano F, Pinelli P. Multiparametric quantitative evaluation of the speech production system: a study in normal subjects. Funct Neurol 1995; 10:3-16. [PMID: 7649499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a systems architecture developed for the study of the speech production system. The architecture utilizes two personal computers: the "Word-Image Presenter" (WIP) that presents a sequence of words to the subject under examination as visual stimulation, and the "Signal Acquisition System" that controls the WIP, acquires the acoustic signal, the oromandibular electromyographic signals, the kinematic lip and jaw signals and measures reaction times and durations. Thirty normal subjects divided into three age groups (18-44, 45-59, 60-80) underwent examination by means of the described system. During the test a random sequence of two words was presented to the subjects; the protocol consisted of an immediate reading task and two delayed reading tasks with variable foreperiods of 0.1 and 1.5 s for one task and 0.5 and 4 s for the other. The analysis of the resultant acoustic and electromyographic signals indicated that reaction times increased with age in both the immediate and delayed tasks. The analysis of variance showed that the difference between the young and elderly groups was statistically significant. The sample size of the groups, however, is too small to consider these results normative data.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Colombo
- Clinica del Lavoro Foundation, IRCCS, Veruno Medical Centre, Italy
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31
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Pinelli P, Pisano F, Miscio G, Ceriani F. Deblocking effect of TRH-T in three cases of chronic progressive multifocal neuropathy. Acta Neurol Scand 1992; 86:474-80. [PMID: 1336291 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb05127.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Three cases of acquired demyelinating multifocal neuropathy with persistent conduction blocks are reported. In one of them protyreline tartrate (TRH-T) had an evident deblocking effect; similar but milder effects were seen in the other two cases. The course and consistency of this effect is analyzed on the grounds of clinical and electromyographic findings. The nature of the THR-T responsive conduction block is analysed as a mild variant of CIDP with regard to its occurrence in a late and chronic phase without signs of active immune processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pinelli
- Department of Neurology, University of Milan, Italy
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32
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Pinelli P. Neurophysiology in the science of speech. Curr Opin Neurol Neurosurg 1992; 5:744-55. [PMID: 1392148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Electrophysiological recordings of the muscles involved in speaking (respiratory, glottal, oromandibular) have been added to the acousticograms (ACGs) for analyzing the latency times in verbal reactions, their coordination and their patterns. The electromyogram (EMG) has allowed to better identify the preparatory initiation and the modulation of the muscular stiffness. Meaningful changes have been obtained in aging processes, stuttering, and several neurological diseases. Event-related brain potentials have also been investigated during normal speaking and reading.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pinelli
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Milan, S. Paolo Hospital, Italy
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33
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Pinelli P, Pisano F, Ceriani F, Miscio G. EMG evaluation of motor neuron sprouting in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ital J Neurol Sci 1991; 12:359-67. [PMID: 1791129 DOI: 10.1007/bf02335775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Collateral sprouting has been evaluated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients on the basis of: 1) Motor Unit action potential (M.U.A.P.) parameters evaluated by simultaneous EMG recordings using concentric needle electrodes and surface electrodes and 2) Motor Action Potential (M.A.P.) activated by graded electrical stimulation of nerve and recorded with the same electrodes. Mean values of duration and amplitude were calculated in 40 normal age-matched controls, 42 ALS patients in the early phase of the disease and in 5 muscles of three ALS patients during the whole course of the disease including the last paralytic phase. Percentage of M.U.A.P.s with linked potentials and highest amplitude was also calculated. The study confirms previous suggestions on collateral sprouting occurring in the early, middle and advanced phases of the disease and it shows, at variance with some recent claims, that it fails in the latest phase of paralysis.
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Abstract
In a long-standing case of myxoedema with ataxia and dysarthria, neurophysiological investigations were carried out to assess how much of the ataxic dysbasic syndrome depended on the slowness of mechanical contraction and how much resulted from primary cerebellar involvement. It was observed that the Achilles reflexogram showed a marked prolongation of contraction and relaxation time and that in both quadriceps and triceps surae mechanical percussion induced a marked myxoedema and prolonged relaxation time. The EMG of these muscles during voluntary contraction and stopping reaction detected an excessive recruitment of the antagonistic muscles, starting without any abnormal delay, a finding at variance with a typical cerebellar pattern. Post-urographic analysis gave a pattern of oscillations still within the normal range. These findings suggest that the gait alterations of our patient depended on the increase in muscle contraction time and the consequent excessive recruitment of the antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pinelli
- Department of Neurology, University of Milan, Italy
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35
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Abstract
Positive giant potentials (PGPs) consist of a peculiar EMG activity which is observed mostly in the large lower limb muscles, and mainly in men, either during the insertion of the needle electrode or during muscle contraction. PGPs have a shape similar to that of positive sharp waves, but with a larger amplitude (up to 25 mV). Their firing rate may reach 200 c/s. PGPs probably have no diagnostic significance since they are frequently observed in healthy individuals. They correspond to an insertional activity and should be recognized as such because they may be mistaken for giant motor unit potentials and thus be the source of diagnostic errors. The mechanism involved in the genesis of PGPs remains a matter of speculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pinelli
- Fondazione Clinica del Lavoro, Centro Medico di Riabilitazione di Veruno, Italy
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36
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Abstract
We define the concept of muscle tone and describe the signs and symptoms of its alteration in spasticity. In assessing muscle tone it is important to consider all the inputs and outputs affecting it, using biomechanical-EMG techniques for measuring active tone. We list the various features of the myotatic and defence reflexes that are altered in spastics and analyze the altered parameters in relation to the tonic reflexes. The degree of displacement, the position from which it is initiated and the velocity of displacement constitute a specific, sensitive and reliable criterion. We report the results of a personal study of these reflexes and of the shortening reflexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pinelli
- Cattedra di Clinica Neurologica I, Università di Milano
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37
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Affiliation(s)
- R Longhi
- 5th Department of Pediatrics, University of Milan, Ospedale S. Paolo, Italy
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38
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Pisano F, Pinelli P. [Degenerative neuropathies]. Riv Neurol 1988; 58:50-5. [PMID: 3051287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Pisano
- Divisione di Neurologia, Fondazione Clinica del Lavoro, Pavia
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39
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Pinelli P. [Neuromuscular diseases: their classification and general characteristics]. Riv Neurol 1988; 58:1-4. [PMID: 3420370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Pinelli
- Cattedra di Neurologia, Università, Milano
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40
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Pinelli P, Trivulzio S, Colombo R, Cocchi D, Faravelli R, Caviezel F, Galmozzi G, Cavallaro R. Antiprostatic effect of cimetidine in rats. Agents Actions 1987; 22:197-201. [PMID: 3445815 DOI: 10.1007/bf02009046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Administration of large doses of cimetidine for 45 days to rats decreases the weight of the prostate and seminal vesicles without affecting the testicles. The decrease in weight is due to a marked regression in the prostate of both epithelial and stromal tissue. Treatment with cimetidine also causes an increase in the plasma testosterone level without modifying the plasma values of LH and prolactin. The mechanism of action of cimetidine is discussed. In presence of high levels of testosterone, cimetidine depresses structures such as the prostate and seminal vesicles, which are sensitive to androgens, but does not depress the weight or change the histology profile of the testicles, which are also rich in androgen receptors. Perhaps cimetidine binds to androgen receptors differently in the prostate and in the testicles because of differences in receptor structure or more probably, cimetidine interacts with zinc metal ion essential to prostate growth and androgen action by lowering zinc prostatic levels and consequently depresses the prostatic weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pinelli
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Milan, Italy
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41
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Delodovici ML, Terazzi E, Pasetti C, Pinelli P. Analysis of extrinsic factors affecting pallestesic threshold (VT) of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. Adv Exp Med Biol 1987; 209:125-8. [PMID: 3577900 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-5302-7_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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42
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Pinelli P, Mazzini L, Mora G, Pisano F, Villani A. A follow-up electromyographic investigation of ALS patients treated with high dosage gangliosides. Adv Exp Med Biol 1987; 209:285-91. [PMID: 3577919 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-5302-7_41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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43
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Galli S, Sessa A, Pirotta G, De Caro L, Poloni M, Mazzini L, Pinelli P. Osmotic haemolysis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Adv Exp Med Biol 1987; 209:135-7. [PMID: 3577901 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-5302-7_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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44
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Mazzarello P, Poloni M, Capitani E, Pinelli P. The quantitative parameters of intrathecal IgG synthesis. A comparison. Riv Neurol 1987; 57:41-3. [PMID: 3629128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid IgG/Albumin, IgG Index, Tourtellotte's formula and Schuller's formula have been calculated in 258 patients with definite Multiple Sclerosis and oligoclonal bands at isoelectrofocusing examination of cerebrospinal fluid. A step wise discriminant analysis was performed on single parameters and on a combination of IgG Index, Tourtellotte's and Schuller's formulas. The latter showed the highest percentage of right classification.
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Pinelli P. The electromyographic, physiopathogenetic evaluation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Adv Exp Med Biol 1987; 209:83-7. [PMID: 3577936 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-5302-7_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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46
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Abstract
Thiamine (T) and thiamine monophosphate (TMP) levels were determined by an electrophoretic fluorometric method in the CSF of patients with typical sporadic ALS (50 cases), in other motor neuron diseases (MND) (14 cases) and in patients with upper and/or lower motor neuron lesions of varying origin (disseminated sclerosis, polyneuropathy, spondylotic myelopathy). T/TMP ratio was greater than or equal to 1 in a high percentage of patients with typical sporadic ALS (94%), in 35.7% of cases with other MND, while it was below 1 in the all other patients. The decrease of TMP with the inversion of the T/TMP ratio is a finding highly specific to typical sporadic ALS.
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Villani A, Brusati G, Mazzini L, Pinelli P, Pisano F. The identification of neuroapraxia, axonostenosis and trigger zone in facial nerve pathology. Ital J Neurol Sci 1986; 7:337-42. [PMID: 3015836 DOI: 10.1007/bf02340872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The classical electromyographic investigations and simultaneous recordings of voluntary activity and M responses from muscles of both the upper and lower branch of the facial nerve were carried out in 5 patients with Bell's palsy. R1 responses were also recorded. All investigations were extended to the healthy side. With the aim of localizing the point of axonostenosis with axonal atrophy we investigated the following parameters: conduction velocity (c.v.) in the fallopian canal, c.v. in the external facial nerve, side difference of R1-M. In one case of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with previous Bell's palsy signs of collateral sprouting and of ephaptic transmission were detected.
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48
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Pinelli P. The role of neuroplastic events in the physiopathogenesis and course of functional neurologic disorders. Funct Neurol 1986; 1:85-96. [PMID: 3038703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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49
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Mazzarello P, Poloni M, Pinelli P. Microheterogeneity of CSF alpha 2-macroglobulin in multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases. A study performed by direct immunofixation after isoelectric focusing. Acta Neurol Belg 1985; 85:222-8. [PMID: 2413703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) and serum alpha 2-Macroglobulin (alpha 2M) was studied in patients affected by Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and other neurological diseases (OND) using Isoelectric Focusing followed by direct immunofixation. In the serum a simple broad band has always been observed; inside it several more stained subfractions were sometimes detected. In 74.3% of MS patients and in 65.7% of OND patients the CSF alpha 2-M was divided in two major bands. One corresponded to that observed in serum and the other was more anodal. The significance of this finding is discussed.
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50
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Cornaggia C, Canevini MP, Giuccioli D, Pinelli P, Pruneri C, Canger R. Monotherapy and polytherapy for intractable epilepsies. Ital J Neurol Sci 1985; 6:201-5. [PMID: 3928525 DOI: 10.1007/bf02229193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A retrospective survey on 66 adults with epilepsy who received multiple drug therapy after the failure of single drugs showed: a reduction of seizure frequency of 75% or more in 16.5%, no change in 67% and an increase in seizure frequency of 100% or more in 16.5%. Multiple drug therapy is of limited value in severe epilepsies.
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