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Ishimine P, Atigapramoj N, Chaudhari P, Badawy M, Ugalde I, Yen K, McCarten-Gibbs K, Tancredi D, Holmes J, Kuppermann N. 21 Emergency Department Observation of Children With Minor Blunt Head Trauma. Ann Emerg Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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2
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Nagarkar RA, Nagabhushana KS, Chaudhari P, Mal NK, Dapurkar SE. Efficient Process for the Production of Alkyl Esters. ACS Omega 2022; 7:28129-28137. [PMID: 35990439 PMCID: PMC9386816 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This article reports a scalable process development for the production of alkyl esters through the esterification route by utilizing fly ash as a catalyst. The catalyst consisting of mixed oxides such as alumina, iron oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, and silica was employed for the esterification reaction without modification. The catalyst was evaluated for the conversion of feedstock containing variable amounts of free fatty acids, mono/dibasic acid, and alcohol/polyols into the corresponding alkyl esters. Three types of fly ash catalysts, viz., FS-1, FP-1, and FC-1, were chosen from three different industrial sources. Synthesis of dimethyl adipate was studied as a model reaction. FS-1 fly ash gave the highest yield of dimethyl adipate, whereas FC-1 gave a low yield of dimethyl adipate. The recyclability of FS-1 was evaluated for three cycles, and no loss of yield was observed. Furthermore, the catalyst FS-I was found to be capable of producing good yields for various esterification reactions with different substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul A. Nagarkar
- Tata
Chemicals Limited, Innovation Centre, Pune 412108, India
- Manipal
Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | | | | | | | - Sudhir E. Dapurkar
- Tata
Chemicals Limited, Innovation Centre, Pune 412108, India
- Manipal
Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
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3
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Dhawan V, Lokras A, Joshi G, Marwah M, Venkatraman M, Mohanty B, Darshan K, Chaudhari P, Warawdekar U, Saraf M, Nagarsenker M. Polysaccharide and Monosaccharide Guided Liver Delivery of Sorafenib Tosylate - A Nano-strategic Approach and Comparative Assessment of Hepatospecificity. Int J Pharm 2022; 625:122039. [PMID: 35902059 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V Dhawan
- Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai 400098, India
| | - A Lokras
- Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai 400098, India; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - G Joshi
- CRI Lab 1, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai 410201, India
| | - M Marwah
- Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai 400098, India
| | - M Venkatraman
- Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai 400098, India
| | - B Mohanty
- Comparative Oncology Program, Small Animal Testing Facility, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - K Darshan
- Cell and Tissue Dynamics Research Program, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - P Chaudhari
- Comparative Oncology Program, Small Animal Testing Facility, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - U Warawdekar
- CRI Lab 1, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai 410201, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - M Saraf
- Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai 400098, India
| | - M Nagarsenker
- Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai 400098, India.
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Gowala TN, Chaudhari P, Pabba J, Sawant K, Pal S, Ghorai SK. Synthesis of 2,3,4-Trisubstituted 2-Cyclopentenones via Sequential Functionalization of 2-Cyclopentenone. J Org Chem 2021; 86:10812-10818. [PMID: 34255508 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of differently substituted 2,3,4-triarylcyclopent-2-en-1-ones from 2-cyclopentenone via sequential functionalization of a novel 2,4-dibromo-3-(4-methoxyphenyl) cyclopent-2-en-1-one intermediate has been developed. The process provides access to selective arylation at C-4 and C-2 with a broader substrates scope, which includes heteroaryl and alkyl substitution at C-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarak N Gowala
- Syngenta Biosciences Pvt. Ltd., Santa Monica Works, Corlim, Ilhas, North Goa, Goa India, 403110
| | - Pankaj Chaudhari
- Syngenta Biosciences Pvt. Ltd., Santa Monica Works, Corlim, Ilhas, North Goa, Goa India, 403110
| | - Jagadish Pabba
- Syngenta Biosciences Pvt. Ltd., Santa Monica Works, Corlim, Ilhas, North Goa, Goa India, 403110
| | - Krishna Sawant
- Syngenta Biosciences Pvt. Ltd., Santa Monica Works, Corlim, Ilhas, North Goa, Goa India, 403110
| | - Sitaram Pal
- Syngenta Biosciences Pvt. Ltd., Santa Monica Works, Corlim, Ilhas, North Goa, Goa India, 403110
| | - Sujit K Ghorai
- Syngenta Biosciences Pvt. Ltd., Santa Monica Works, Corlim, Ilhas, North Goa, Goa India, 403110
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Poojari R, Mohanty B, Kadwad V, Suryawanshi D, Chaudhari P, Khade B, Srivastava R, Gupta S, Panda D. A comprehensive analysis of cetuximab combinatorial polymeric nanocomplexes with potent radionuclide uptake to combat metastatic liver cancer. Eur J Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(20)31173-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Gandhi KA, Goda JS, Gandhi VV, Sadanpurwala A, Jain VK, Joshi K, Epari S, Rane S, Mohanty B, Chaudhari P, Kembhavi S, Kunwar A, Gota V, Priyadarsini KI. Oral administration of 3,3'-diselenodipropionic acid prevents thoracic radiation induced pneumonitis in mice by suppressing NF-kB/IL-17/G-CSF/neutrophil axis. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 145:8-19. [PMID: 31521664 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of symptomatic radiation induced lung pneumonitis (RILP), a major dose limiting side effect of thoracic radiotherapy, is in the range of 15-40%. Therapeutic options for the prevention and treatment of RILP are limited. Hence there is a need for developing novel radioprotectors to prevent RILP which can be patient compliant. This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of oral 3,3'-diselenodipropionic acid (DSePA), a novel selenocystine derivative to prevent RILP. C3H/HeJ (pneumonitis responding) mice received a single dose of 18 Gy, whole thorax irradiation and a subset were treated with DSePA orally (2.5 mg/kg), three times per week beginning 2 h post irradiation and continued till 6 months. DSePA delayed onset of grade ≥ 2 RILP by 45 days compared to radiation control (~105 versus ~60 days). It also reversed the severity of pneumonitis in 3/10 radiation treated mice leading to significant improvement in asymptomatic survival compared to radiation control (~180 versus ~102 days). DSePA significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the radiation-mediated infiltration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and elevation in levels of cytokines such as IL1-β, ICAM-1, E-selectin, IL-17 and TGF-β in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Moreover DSePA lowered PMN-induced oxidants, maintained glutathione peroxidase activity and suppressed NF-kB/IL-17/G-CSF/neutrophil axis in the lung of irradiated mice. Additionally, this compound did not protect A549 (lung cancer) derived xenograft tumor from radiation exposure in SCID mice. DSePA offers protection to normal lung against RILP without affecting radiation sensitivity of tumors. It has the potential to be developed as an oral agent for preventing RILP.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Gandhi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - J S Goda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
| | - V V Gandhi
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - A Sadanpurwala
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - V K Jain
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India; UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Kalina Campus, Mumbai, 400098, India
| | - K Joshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - S Epari
- Department of Pathology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - S Rane
- Department of Pathology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - B Mohanty
- Department of Radio Diagnosis, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India; Animal Imaging Division, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - P Chaudhari
- Department of Radio Diagnosis, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India; Animal Imaging Division, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - S Kembhavi
- Department of Radio Diagnosis, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - A Kunwar
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
| | - V Gota
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
| | - K I Priyadarsini
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
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7
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Anchlia S, Domadia H, garg N, Chaudhari P, Gosai H, Rajpoot D, Patel H, Mansuri Z. “The modified subbrow incision”-a boon for nasal bone fractures. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2019.03.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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8
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Anchlia S, Garg N, Dayatar R, Chaudhari P, Gosai H, Patel H, Mansuri Z, Rajpoot D. Guidelines for mandibular uniplanar & biplanar distraction osteogenesis in tmj ankylosis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2019.03.513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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9
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Chandrani P, Prabhash K, Prasad R, Sethunath V, Ranjan M, Iyer P, Aich J, Dhamne H, Iyer DN, Upadhyay P, Mohanty B, Chandna P, Kumar R, Joshi A, Noronha V, Patil V, Ramaswamy A, Karpe A, Thorat R, Chaudhari P, Ingle A, Choughule A, Dutt A. Drug-sensitive FGFR3 mutations in lung adenocarcinoma. Ann Oncol 2017; 28:597-603. [PMID: 27998968 PMCID: PMC5391708 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths across the world. In this study, we present therapeutically relevant genetic alterations in lung adenocarcinoma of Indian origin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-five primary lung adenocarcinoma tumors were sequenced for 676 amplicons using RainDance cancer panel at an average coverage of 1500 × (reads per million mapped reads). To validate the findings, 49 mutations across 23 genes were genotyped in an additional set of 363 primary lung adenocarcinoma tumors using mass spectrometry. NIH/3T3 cells over expressing mutant and wild-type FGFR3 constructs were characterized for anchorage independent growth, constitutive activation, tumor formation and sensitivity to FGFR inhibitors using in vitro and xenograft mouse models. RESULTS We present the first spectrum of actionable alterations in lung adenocarcinoma tumors of Indian origin, and shows that mutations of FGFR3 are present in 20 of 363 (5.5%) patients. These FGFR3 mutations are constitutively active and oncogenic when ectopically expressed in NIH/3T3 cells and using a xenograft model in NOD/SCID mice. Inhibition of FGFR3 kinase activity inhibits transformation of NIH/3T3 overexpressing FGFR3 constructs and growth of tumors driven by FGFR3 in the xenograft models. The reduction in tumor size in the mouse is paralleled by a reduction in the amounts of phospho-ERK, validating the in vitro findings. Interestingly, the FGFR3 mutations are significantly higher in a proportion of younger patients and show a trend toward better overall survival, compared with patients lacking actionable alterations or those harboring KRAS mutations. CONCLUSION We present the first actionable mutation spectrum in Indian lung cancer genome. These findings implicate FGFR3 as a novel therapeutic in lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Chandrani
- Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai
| | - K. Prabhash
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital
| | - R. Prasad
- Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai
| | - V. Sethunath
- Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai
| | - M. Ranjan
- Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai
| | - P. Iyer
- Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai
| | - J. Aich
- Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai
| | - H. Dhamne
- Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai
| | - D. N. Iyer
- Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai
| | - P. Upadhyay
- Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai
| | - B. Mohanty
- Small Animal Imaging Facility, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai
| | - P. Chandna
- AceProbe Technologies Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, India
| | - R. Kumar
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital
| | - A. Joshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital
| | - V. Noronha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital
| | - V. Patil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital
| | - A. Ramaswamy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital
| | - A. Karpe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital
| | - R. Thorat
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital
| | - P. Chaudhari
- Small Animal Imaging Facility, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai
| | - A. Ingle
- Laboratory Animal Facility, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai
| | - A. Choughule
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital
| | - A. Dutt
- Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai
- Correspondence to: Dr Amit Dutt, Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance Intermediate Fellow, Tata Memorial Centre, ACTREC, Navi Mumbai 410 210, India. Tel: +91-22-27405056; E-mail:
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10
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Del Prato S, Fleck P, Wilson C, Chaudhari P. Comparison of alogliptin and glipizide for composite endpoint of glycated haemoglobin reduction, no hypoglycaemia and no weight gain in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Obes Metab 2016; 18:623-7. [PMID: 26865535 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This was a post hoc analysis of a 2-year, double-blind study of 2639 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) inadequately controlled on metformin monotherapy, which assessed achievement of a composite endpoint of sustained glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) reduction (≤7.0% at week 104 or ≥0.5% decrease from baseline) with no weight gain and no hypoglycaemic events with alogliptin 12.5 and 25 mg daily or glipizide (≤20 mg daily), each added to metformin. With an HbA1c target of ≤7.0%, 24.2 and 26.9% of patients treated with alogliptin 12.5 and 25 mg, respectively, achieved the composite endpoint versus 10.7% of patients treated with glipizide (both p < 0.001). With a criterion of ≥0.5% decrease in HbA1c, the composite endpoint was reached in 22.5, 25.2 and 10.4% of patients treated with alogliptin 12.5 mg, alogliptin 25 mg and glipizide, respectively. Odds ratios for achieving the composite endpoint favoured alogliptin in the primary analysis set and in all subgroups of patients. Patients with T2DM failing metformin monotherapy were more likely to achieve sustained glycaemic control with no hypoglycaemia or weight gain at 2 years with alogliptin than with glipizide.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Del Prato
- Section of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - P Fleck
- Takeda Global Research & Development Center, Inc., Deerfield, IL, USA
| | - C Wilson
- Takeda Global Research & Development Center, Inc., Deerfield, IL, USA
| | - P Chaudhari
- Takeda Global Research & Development Center, Inc., Deerfield, IL, USA
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11
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Sharma A, Jagadesan P, Chaudhari P, Das S, Bhaskar S, Thakar A, Sharma A, Mohanti BK. Six-year analysis of compliance to weekly concurrent chemoradiotherapy in head and neck carcinomas. Clin Otolaryngol 2015; 41:442-7. [PMID: 26523400 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate treatment compliance to weekly concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). STUDY DESIGN Retrospective analysis. SETTING Tertiary care hospital. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Overall treatment time (OTT), acute radiation morbidity and treatment completion rate without prolongation of overall treatment time of more than 2 days. RESULTS Three hundred and seventy-eight head and neck carcinoma patients treated with radical CRT with 70 Gy/35 fractions of radiotherapy with weekly cisplatin 40 mg/m(2) were included in the study. Median age was 52 years (range 22-77 years), oropharynx was most commonly (54%) involved site, and 55% were in stage IV disease. Majority (86%) of patients were able to complete cancer-directed therapy, median OTT was 52 days (46-140 days). Nineteen per cent of patients completed treatment without prolongation of OTT beyond 2 days and 68% of patients there completed treatment prolongation of OTT beyond 7 days. Nearly, sixty-six of the patients experienced grade II or higher acute radiation morbidities. CONCLUSIONS Delivery of weekly low-dose concurrent CRT is safe and feasible. Two-thirds of the patients experienced treatment prolongation of more than 2 days and 14% could not complete treatment. Results within in the study suggest to a greater need to lay emphasis on continuity of a course of radical CRT for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sharma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - P Jagadesan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - P Chaudhari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - S Das
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - S Bhaskar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - A Thakar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - A Sharma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - B K Mohanti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India.
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12
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Lapara N, Chennamsetty S, Chaudhari P. MACROBID INDUCED HEPATITIS. J La State Med Soc 2015; 167:152-153. [PMID: 27159475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
More than 900 drugs, toxins and herbs have been reported to cause liver injury. Drugs account for 20-40 percent of all instances of fulminant hepatic failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Lapara
- Department of Internal Medicine, LSU Health Sciences Center, Lafayette, Louisiana
| | - S Chennamsetty
- Department of Internal Medicine, LSU Health Sciences Center, Lafayette, Louisiana
| | - P Chaudhari
- Department of Internal Medicine, LSU Health Sciences Center, Lafayette, Louisiana
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13
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Kulthe V, Chaudhari P, Aboul-Enein H. Freeze-dried Amorphous Dispersions for Solubility Enhancement of Thermosensitive API Having Low Molecular Lipophilicity. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2014; 64:493-8. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1363249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Kulthe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, National Institute of Medical Sciences University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - P. Chaudhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Modern College of Pharmacy, Pune, India
| | - H. Aboul-Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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14
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Gandhi A, Biswas A, Saxena T, Chaudhari P, Roy S, Thakkar A, Sharma A, Mohanti B. EP-1194 TREATMENT AND OUTCOMES OF MALIGNANT TUMORS OF EXTERNAL AND MIDDLE EAR: A SINGLE INSTITUTIONAL EXPERIENCE OF 43 CASES. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)71527-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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15
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Bid HK, Konwar R, Saxena M, Chaudhari P, Agrawal CG, Banerjee M. Association of glutathione S-transferase (GSTM1, T1 and P1) gene polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes mellitus in north Indian population. J Postgrad Med 2010; 56:176-81. [PMID: 20739761 DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.68633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a reduction in antioxidant defense. The oxidative stress becomes evident as a result of accumulation of ROS in conditions of inflammation and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The genes involved in redox balance, which determines the susceptibility to T2DM remain unclear. In humans, the glutathione S-transferase (GST) family comprises several classes of GST isozymes, the polymorphic variants of GSTM1, T1 and P1 genes result in decreased or loss of enzyme activity. AIMS The present study evaluated the effect of genetic polymorphisms of the GST gene family on the risk of developing T2DM in the North Indian population. SETTINGS AND DESIGN GSTM1, T1 and P1 polymorphisms were genotyped in 100 T2DM patients and 200 healthy controls from North India to analyze their association with T2DM susceptibility. MATERIALS AND METHODS Analysis of GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms was performed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and GSTP1 by PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Fisher's exact test and chi2 statistics using SPSS software (Version-15.0). RESULTS We observed significant association of GSTM1 null (P=0.004, OR= 2.042, 95%CI= 1.254-3.325) and GSTP1 (I/V) (P=0.001, OR= 0.397, 95%CI=0.225-0.701) with T2DM and no significant association with GSTT1 (P=0.493). The combined analysis of the three genotypes GSTM1 null, T1 present and P1 (I/I) demonstrated an increase in T2DM risk (P= 0.005, OR= 2.431 95% CI=1.315-4.496). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study showing the association of a combined effect of GSTM1, T1 and P1 genotypes in a representative cohort of Indian patients with T2DM. Since significant association was seen in GSTM1 null and GSTP1 (I/V) and multiple association in GSTM1 null, T1 present and P1 (I/I), these polymorphisms can be screened in the population to determine the diabetic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Bid
- Molecular & Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
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Abstract
Recent experience has shown that certain metal alloys can be put into glass form by rapid melt-quenching or by various condensation processes. Models for the nature and structure of these glasses are surveyed and shown to be quite parallel to those already developed for the more common nonmetallic glasses. The rather unique magnetic, superconducting, and mechanical properties and the technical potential of metallic glasses are also discussed.
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Moore WR, DeVries J, MacDonald J, Hare L, Carson J, Chaudhari P, DeVries J, Fontana J, Golz P, King J, MacDonald J, McCullough C, Noggle, S, Rasgorshek E, Schorn S, Skogerson L, Sullins D, Sullivan D, Sussman M, Weibel M. Assessing Analytical Variability of Measurement of Vitamin A in Corn-Soy Blend. J AOAC Int 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/93.2.638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Two multilaboratory investigations were conducted by SUSTAIN to assess variability in the measurement of vitamin A, the marker used to verify levels of vitamin premix addition to enriched/fortified food aid products, including the widely distributed corn-soy blend (CSB). CSB specifications identify AACC Approved Method 86-06 or equivalent methods for vitamin A analysis, however there is no requirement to demonstrate equivalency. CSB samples with known and blinded levels of vitamin A and a reference standard were analyzed by 16 laboratories using their respective methods. Calculated coefficients of variation across all laboratories and methods for unknown samples and reference standard were 35 and 7.1, respectively, suggesting the largest source of variation is the vitamin extraction procedure. Laboratories generally overestimated low levels and underestimated high levels of vitamin A within the range of 6000 and 16 000 IU/lb. Only two laboratories demonstrated excellent internal precision (300 IU vitamin A/lb) and reported values within 95 confidence interval for all blinded samples. Results of this study have implications both for quality control in food aid products (due to the use of vitamin A as a marker) and for regulatory oversight of vitamin A content in commercial food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne R Moore
- SUSTAIN, 2000 P St, NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20036
| | - Jonathan DeVries
- Medallion Laboratories, 9000 Plymouth Ave N, Minneapolis, MN 55427-3870
| | - John MacDonald
- Organic Laboratory, NP Analytical Laboratories, Checkerboard Square, St. Louis, MO 63164
| | - Lynne Hare
- Statistical Strategies, LLC, 39 Mile Dr, Chester, NJ 07930
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Moore WR, DeVries J, MacDonald J, Hare L, Carson J, Chaudhari P, DeVries J, Fontana J, Golz P, King J, MacDonald J, McCullough C, Noggle S, Rasgorshek E, Schorn S, Skogerson L, Sullins D, Sullivan D, Sussman M, Weibel M. Assessing analytical variability of measurement of vitamin A in corn-soy blend. J AOAC Int 2010; 93:638-49. [PMID: 20480912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Two multilaboratory investigations were conducted by SUSTAIN to assess variability in the measurement of vitamin A, the marker used to verify levels of vitamin premix addition to enriched/fortified food aid products, including the widely distributed corn-soy blend (CSB). CSB specifications identify AACC Approved Method 86-06 or equivalent methods for vitamin A analysis, however there is no requirement to demonstrate equivalency. CSB samples with known and blinded levels of vitamin A and a reference standard were analyzed by 16 laboratories using their respective methods. Calculated coefficients of variation across all laboratories and methods for unknown samples and reference standard were 35 and 7.1%, respectively, suggesting the largest source of variation is the vitamin extraction procedure. Laboratories generally overestimated low levels and underestimated high levels of vitamin A within the range of 6000 and 16 000 IU/lb. Only two laboratories demonstrated excellent internal precision (+/- 300 IU vitamin A/lb) and reported values within 95% confidence interval for all blinded samples. Results of this study have implications both for quality control in food aid products (due to the use of vitamin A as a marker) and for regulatory oversight of vitamin A content in commercial food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne R Moore
- SUSTAIN, 2000 P St, NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20036, USA.
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19
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Shim H, Chaudhari P, Logvenov G, Bozovic I. Electron-phonon interactions in superconducting La1.84Sr0.16CuO4 films. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:247004. [PMID: 19113657 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.247004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We have measured quasiparticle tunneling across a junction perpendicular to the superconducting copper oxide planes. The tunneling spectra show peaks in the density of states. There are 11 minima in the second derivative d2I/dV2, where I is the current and V the voltage, suggesting multiple boson-quasiparticle interactions. These minima match precisely with the published Raman scattering data, leading us to conclude that the relevant bosons in superconducting La1.84Sr0.16CuO4 films are phonons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejae Shim
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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Chaudhari P, Graczyk JF, Huxderson D, Steinhardt P. Transformations between random networks and dense random-packed models for amorphous solids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/14786437508226552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Chaudhari
- IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York, 10598, U.S.A
| | - J. F. Graczyk
- IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York, 10598, U.S.A
| | - D. Huxderson
- IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York, 10598, U.S.A
- IBM Research Center, San Jose, California, U.S.A
| | - P. Steinhardt
- IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York, 10598, U.S.A
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, U.S.A
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Saxena MK, Kumar AA, Chaudhari P, Shivachandra SB, Singh VP, Sharma B. Ribotyping of Indian Isolates of Pasteurella multocida Based on 16S and 23S rRNA Genes. Vet Res Commun 2005; 29:527-35. [PMID: 16215843 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-005-1864-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The applicability of ribotyping based on 16S and 23S rRNA was evaluated for molecular epidemiological studies. Forty-eight isolates of Pasteurella multocida isolated from different hosts and geographical locations and one reference isolate were ribotyped. Only four ribotypes were found. All the isolates including reference isolate from wild carnivores had the same ribotype, though they had different serotypes. The isolate from a tiger had one band in addition to the bands present in the major ribotype. The isolates from lions represented two ribotypes; of these ribotypes, one (r2) had an additional band of 3.6 kbp, which was absent in all other ribotypes. The second ribotype (r4) from a lion had one band missing (6 kbp) that was present in the other ribotypes. These isolates were further typed using ERIC-PCR and REP-PCR. With ERIC-PCR and REP-PCR, higher D values of 0.83 and 0.89 were obtained. The current study revealed that ribotyping is not a very efficient typing tool for use in molecular epidemiology for differentiation of isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Saxena
- Division of Bacteriology and Mycology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, UP, India
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Stohr J, Samant MG, Luning J, Callegari AC, Chaudhari P, Doyle JP, Lacey JA, Lien SA, Purushothaman S, Speidell JL. Liquid crystal alignment on carbonaceous surfaces with orientational order. Science 2001; 292:2299-302. [PMID: 11423654 DOI: 10.1126/science.1059866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
We used near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy to link the orientational bond order at three carbonaceous surfaces-rubbed polyimide, ion beam-irradiated polyimide, and ion beam-irradiated diamondlike carbon films-with the direction of liquid crystal (LC) alignment on these surfaces. We show that, in general, LC alignment can be created on any carbonaceous substrate by inducing orientational order at its surface. Our results form the scientific basis for LC alignment layers consisting of amorphous carbon films in which orientational order near the surface is induced by a directional low-energy ion beam.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stohr
- IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120, USA
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Chaudhari P, Lacey J, Doyle J, Galligan E, Lien SC, Callegari A, Hougham G, Lang ND, Andry PS, John R, Yang KH, Lu M, Cai C, Speidell J, Purushothaman S, Ritsko J, Samant M, Stöhr J, Nakagawa Y, Katoh Y, Saitoh Y, Sakai K, Satoh H, Odahara S, Nakano H, Nakagaki J, Shiota Y. Atomic-beam alignment of inorganic materials for liquid-crystal displays. Nature 2001; 411:56-9. [PMID: 11333974 DOI: 10.1038/35075021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The technique used to align liquid crystals-rubbing the surface of a substrate on which a liquid crystal is subsequently deposited-has been perfected by the multibillion-dollar liquid-crystal display industry. However, it is widely recognized that a non-contact alignment technique would be highly desirable for future generations of large, high-resolution liquid-crystal displays. A number of alternative alignment techniques have been reported, but none of these have so far been implemented in large-scale manufacturing. Here, we report a non-contact alignment process, which uses low-energy ion beams impinging at a glancing angle on amorphous inorganic films, such as diamond-like carbon. Using this approach, we have produced both laptop and desktop displays in pilot-line manufacturing, and found that displays of higher quality and reliability could be made at a lower cost than the rubbing technique. The mechanism of alignment is explained by adopting a random network model of atomic arrangement in the inorganic films. Order is induced by exposure to an ion beam because unfavourably oriented rings of atoms are selectively destroyed. The planes of the remaining rings are predominantly parallel to the direction of the ion beam.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chaudhari
- IBM Watson Research Centre, PO Box 218, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA.
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Kirtley JR, Chaudhari P, Ketchen MB, Khare N, Lin SY, Shaw T. Distribution of magnetic flux in high-Tc grain-boundary junctions enclosing hexagonal and triangular areas. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1995; 51:12057-12060. [PMID: 9977972 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.12057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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27
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Moser A, Hug HJ, Parashikov I, Stiefel B, Fritz O, Thomas H, Baratoff A, Güntherodt H, Chaudhari P. Observation of single vortices condensed into a vortex-glass phase by magnetic force microscopy. Phys Rev Lett 1995; 74:1847-1850. [PMID: 10057772 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.74.1847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Chaudhari P, Lin SY. Symmetry of the superconducting order parameter in a YBa2Cu3O7- delta epitaxial films. Phys Rev Lett 1994; 72:1084-1087. [PMID: 10056613 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.72.1084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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29
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Chaudhari P, Sarnelli E, Kirtley JR, Lacey J. Conductance spectroscopy of high-Tc single-grain-boundary junctions in the YBa2Cu3O7- delta system. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1993; 48:1175-1179. [PMID: 10007979 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Chaudhari P, Pattanaik BK, Gandotra R. Impact of Sulabh Swasthya Yojna -- an attitude study. Health Millions 1993; 1:21-4. [PMID: 12286469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
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31
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Kawasaki M, Chaudhari P, Gupta A. 1/f noise in YBa2Cu3O7- delta superconducting bicrystal grain-boundary junctions. Phys Rev Lett 1992; 68:1065-1068. [PMID: 10046069 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.68.1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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32
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Deutscher G, Chaudhari P. Scaling behavior of the critical current of grain-boundary junctions. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1991; 44:4664-4665. [PMID: 10000127 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.4664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Kaplan SB, Chi CC, Chaudhari P, Dimos D, Gross R, Gupta A, Koren G. Response of YBa2Cu3O7- delta grain-boundary junctions to short light pulses. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1991; 43:8627-8630. [PMID: 9996501 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.8627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Gross R, Chaudhari P, Kawasaki M, Gupta A. Scaling behavior in electrical transport across grain boundaries in YBa2Cu3O7- delta superconductors. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1990; 42:10735-10737. [PMID: 9995335 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.42.10735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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35
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Higgins PJ, Ryan MP, Zeheb R, Gelehrter TD, Chaudhari P. p52 induction by cytochalasin D in rat kidney fibroblasts: homologies between p52 and plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1. J Cell Physiol 1990; 143:321-9. [PMID: 2332454 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.1041430216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Normal rat kidney (NRK) fibroblasts respond to the cell shape-modulating chemical agent cytochalasin D (CD) with augmented synthesis of the 52-kDa substrate-associated protein p52. p52 is a complex glycoprotein, existing as 12 different isoforms, which include a 43-kDa "core" protein (p43), four 50-kDa species (p50-0,1,2,3), and at least seven distinct pI variants of the mature 52-kDa protein. A threshold of 2-4 microM CD was found to be necessary to augment p52 deposition into both the secreted protein- and saponin-resistant cytomatrix (SAP) fractions of NRK cells. This concentration of CD was also necessary to initiate significant cell rounding. Augmented p52 production in CD-treated NRK (NRK/CD) cells provided a means to assess the identity of this protein. p52 was found to be identical to rat plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (rPAI-1) and to PAI-1-like proteins of other species by comparative immunoprecipitation, 2-D electrophoretic profile, V8 protease digest mapping, and subcellular fractionation criteria. Quantitation of rPAI-1 cytoplasmic mRNA abundance, using the rPAI-1 cDNA probe pSS1-3, revealed an induction of rPAI-1 mRNA in NRK/CD cells which paralleled the increased protein production. CD-augmented p52(rPAI-1) synthesis and SAP deposition was blocked by actinomycin D, implicating a need for RNA synthesis during the period of CD exposure to effect induction. Augmentation of p52 expression in NRK/CD fibroblasts, thus, appears to involve both cell shape-associated metabolic processes and concomitant RNA synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Higgins
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Albany, New York 12208
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Dimos D, Chaudhari P, Mannhart J. Superconducting transport properties of grain boundaries in YBa2Cu3O7 bicrystals. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1990; 41:4038-4049. [PMID: 9994222 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.41.4038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1183] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Bermon S, Chi CC, Tsuei CC, Rozen JR, Chaudhari P, McElfresh MW, Prodell A. New limit set on cosmic-ray monopole flux by a large-area superconducting magnetic-induction detector. Phys Rev Lett 1990; 64:839-842. [PMID: 10042094 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.64.839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Gross R, Chaudhari P, Dimos D, Gupta A, Koren G. Thermally activated phase slippage in high-Tc grain-boundary Josephson junctions. Phys Rev Lett 1990; 64:228-231. [PMID: 10041682 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.64.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Mannhart J, Gross R, Hipler K, Huebener RP, Tsuei CC, Dimos D, Chaudhari P. Spatially Resolved Observation of Supercurrents Across Grain Boundaries in YBaCuO Films. Science 1989; 245:839-41. [PMID: 17773358 DOI: 10.1126/science.245.4920.839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Spatially resolved resistivity measurements of current transport across individual grain boundaries have been made on superconducting YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7). These experiments were done by low-temperature scanning electron microscopy with a resolution of 1 to 2 micrometers, and they show directly the limitation of the critical current density caused by grain boundaries in YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7). Furthermore, complex spatial patterns of the current transport across grain boundaries were observed. These patterns reflect self-excited resonances of the grain boundaries and are closely correlated to the unexplained "sub-gap structure" in the current-voltage characteristics of polycrystalline YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7).
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Higgins PJ, Ryan MP, Chaudhari P. Cytochalasin D-mediated hyperinduction of the substrate-associated 52-kilodalton protein p52 in rat kidney fibroblasts. J Cell Physiol 1989; 139:407-17. [PMID: 2715193 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.1041390225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of certain differentiated and housekeeping functions in cultured mammalian cells is significantly influenced by cell shape. The shape-modulating agent cytochalasin D (CD) was used, therefore, to elucidate potential cytoarchitectural influences affecting synthesis of a major 52 kDa secreted/substrate-associated protein (p52) of normal rat kidney (NRK) fibroblasts. Biosynthetic labeling experiments indicated that treatment of NRK cells with CD increased, by 10-18-fold, the medium content of an Mr 52,000 protein. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and peptide fragment mapping confirmed that the 52 kDa protein produced in abundance as a consequence of CD treatment was identical to p52 constitutively expressed by NRK cells. A lower mw protein (p50; Mr 50,000) was also resolved which, based on pl microheterogeneity, protease fragmentation profile, and sensitivity to tunicamycin, could be identified as a less-glycosylated form of p52. p50 and p52 were both detected in the matrix and medium compartments of NRK and NRK/CD cells. The matrix p52 content of CD-induced and uninduced cells, however, was significantly greater (by 200-500-fold) than the corresponding medium levels. This differential compartmentalization, the time course of p52 accumulation in the matrix of NRK/CD cells compared to its appearance in the medium, and the kinetics of p52 pulse-chase from the matrix collectively indicated that the matrix is the initial site of p52 deposition. Low levels of CD (1 microM) produced extensive disruptions of cellular microfilaments but did not result in an overall cell shape change nor a hyperinduction of p52. Morphologic rounding (seen in 10-100 microM CD) coincided with augmented p52 production. Transition from a flat to a round phenotype in NRK cells, or at least the generation of sufficient microfilament fragmentation to compromise cell-substrate adhesivity, appears to be an essential aspect of CD-mediated p52 hyperinduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Higgins
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Albany, New York
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41
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Collins RT, Schlesinger Z, Holtzberg F, Chaudhari P, Feild C. Reflectivity and conductivity of YBa2Cu3O7. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1989; 39:6571-6574. [PMID: 9947297 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.39.6571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Chaudhari P, Roy H. Delayed Osmotic Effect on in Vitro Assembly of RuBisCO : Relationship to Large Subunit-Binding Protein Complex Dissociation. Plant Physiol 1989; 89:1366-71. [PMID: 16666711 PMCID: PMC1056023 DOI: 10.1104/pp.89.4.1366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Higher plant ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) cannot reassociate after dissociation, and its subunits do not assemble into active RuBisCO when synthesized in Escherichia coli. Newly synthesized subunits of RuBisCO are associated with a high molecular weight binding protein complex in pea chloroplasts. The immediate donor for large subunits which assemble into RuBisCO is a low molecular weight complex which may be derived from the high molecular weight binding protein complex. When the high molecular weight binding protein complex is diluted, it tends to dissociate, forming low molecular weight complexes. When the large subunit-binding protein complexes were examined after in organello protein synthesis, it was found that the low molecular weight complexes were more abundant when protein synthesis was carried out under hypotonic conditions. This increase in the assembly competent population of low molecular weight large subunit complexes can account for the increased amount of in vitro RuBisCO assembly which occurs under these conditions. The data indicate that the assembly of large subunits into RuBisCO is a function of the aggregation state of the large subunit binding protein complex during protein synthesis. This implies that the binding protein exerts its effects during or shortly after large subunit synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chaudhari
- Plant Science Group, Department of Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590
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Dimos D, Chaudhari P, Mannhart J, LeGoues FK. Orientation dependence of grain-boundary critical currents in YBa2Cu3O7- delta bicrystals. Phys Rev Lett 1988; 61:219-222. [PMID: 10039063 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.61.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Chaudhari P, Mannhart J, Dimos D, Tsuei CC, Chi J, Oprysko MM, Scheuermann M. Direct measurement of the superconducting properties of single grain boundaries in Y1Ba2Cu3O7- delta. Phys Rev Lett 1988; 60:1653-1656. [PMID: 10038102 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.60.1653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Roy H, Chaudhari P, Cannon S. Incorporation of Large Subunits into Ribulose Bisphosphate Carboxylase in Chloroplast Extracts : Influence of Added Small Subunits and of Conditions during Synthesis. Plant Physiol 1988; 86:44-9. [PMID: 16665891 PMCID: PMC1054425 DOI: 10.1104/pp.86.1.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of newly synthesized large subunits into ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) in pea chloroplast extracts occurs at the expense of intermediate forms of the large subunit which are complexed with a binding protein. Most subunits of this binding protein are found in dodecameric complexes in chloroplast extracts. Addition of small subunits to these extracts results in approximately 40 to 60% increased incorporation of newly made large subunits into RuBisCO at low or zero concentrations of ATP, but is without significant effect at high concentrations of ATP, a condition in which the dodecameric binding protein complex is dissociated into subunits. Overall, these data support the assumption that the incorporation of large subunits into RuBisCO in chloroplast extracts reflects de novo assembly rather than ;mere' exchange of subunits. The in vitro assembly of large subunits into RuBisCO is a function of the conditions under which the large subunits are synthesized in organello. When the large subunits are made in chloroplasts suspended in 188 millimolar sorbitol, they are approximately 2- to 3-fold better able to assemble into RuBisCO when subsequently incubated in vitro than when they are synthesized in chloroplasts suspended in 375 millimolar sorbitol. This observation indicates that mere synthesis of large subunits is not sufficient to confer maximal assembly competence on large subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Roy
- Plant Science Group, Biology Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, 12180-3590
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Chaudhari P, Collins RT, Freitas P, Gambino RJ, Kirtley JR, Koch RH, Laibowitz RB, LeGoues FK, McGuire TR, Penney T, Schlesinger Z, Segmüller AP, Foner S, McNiff EJ. Properties of epitaxial films of YBa2Cu3O7- delta. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1987; 36:8903-8906. [PMID: 9942742 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.36.8903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Abstract
The microstructure of superconducting films that have shown high-critical current densities has been studied. The films are shown to be epitaxial and contain twins and precipitates. The main difference between these films and low current carrying samples is the absence of grain boundaries. These boundaries are therefore identified as the cause of the lower critical current in ceramic samples.
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Chaudhari P, Koch RH, Laibowitz RB, McGuire TR, Gambino RJ. Critical-current measurements in epitaxial films of YBa2Cu. Phys Rev Lett 1987; 58:2684-2686. [PMID: 10034818 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.58.2684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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