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Ollier J, Kervarrec T, Samimi M, Benlalam H, Aumont P, Vivien R, Touzé A, Labarrière N, Vié H, Clémenceau B. Merkel cell carcinoma and cellular cytotoxicity: sensitivity to cellular lysis and screening for potential target antigens suitable for antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2018; 67:1209-1219. [PMID: 29808366 PMCID: PMC11028380 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-018-2176-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The recent success of checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) confirms that MCC tumors can be immunogenic. However, no treatment directly targeting the tumor is available for use in combination with these checkpoint inhibitors to enhance their efficacity. This study was carried out to characterize MCC line sensitivity to cellular lysis and to identify cell surface antigens that could be used for direct targeting of this tumor. For five representative MCC lines, the absence or low expression of MICA, MICB, HLA-I, and ICAM-1 was associated with low level of recognition by NK cells and T lymphocytes. However, expression of HLA-I and ICAM-1 and sensitivity to cellular lysis could be restored or increased after exposure to INFγ. We tested 41 antibodies specific for 41 different antigens using a novel antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) screening system for target antigens. Anti-CD326 (EpCAM) was the only antibody capable of inducing ADCC on the five MCC lines tested. Because MCC tumors are often directly accessible, local pharmacologic manipulation to restore HLA class-I and ICAM-1 cell surface expression (and thus sensitivity to cell lysis) can potentially benefit immune therapeutic intervention. In line with this, our observation that ADCC against EpCAM can induce lysis of MCC lines and suggests that therapeutic targeting of this antigen deserves to be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn Ollier
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U1232), Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 8 Quai Moncousu, 44007, Nantes Cedex, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology (LabEx IGO), 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Thibault Kervarrec
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Tours, Université Francois Rabelais, avenue de la République, 37170, Chambray-les-tours, France
- Université François Rabelais, Unité Mixte de Recherche Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Infectiologie Santé Publique (UMR INRA ISP) 1282, 31 avenue Monge, 37200, Tours, France
| | - Mahtab Samimi
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Tours, Université François Rabelais, avenue de la République, 37170, Chambray-les-tours, France
- Université François Rabelais, Unité Mixte de Recherche Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Infectiologie Santé Publique (UMR INRA ISP) 1282, 31 avenue Monge, 37200, Tours, France
| | - Houssem Benlalam
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U1232), Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 8 Quai Moncousu, 44007, Nantes Cedex, France
| | - Pascal Aumont
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U1232), Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 8 Quai Moncousu, 44007, Nantes Cedex, France
| | - Régine Vivien
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U1232), Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 8 Quai Moncousu, 44007, Nantes Cedex, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology (LabEx IGO), 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Antoine Touzé
- Université François Rabelais, Unité Mixte de Recherche Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Infectiologie Santé Publique (UMR INRA ISP) 1282, 31 avenue Monge, 37200, Tours, France
| | - Nathalie Labarrière
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U1232), Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 8 Quai Moncousu, 44007, Nantes Cedex, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Nantes, Hôtel Dieu, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et Génique, 44093, Nantes, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology (LabEx IGO), 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Henri Vié
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U1232), Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 8 Quai Moncousu, 44007, Nantes Cedex, France.
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS), Pays de la Loire, site de Nantes, 44000, Nantes, France.
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology (LabEx IGO), 44000, Nantes, France.
| | - Béatrice Clémenceau
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U1232), Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 8 Quai Moncousu, 44007, Nantes Cedex, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Nantes, Hôtel Dieu, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et Génique, 44093, Nantes, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology (LabEx IGO), 44000, Nantes, France
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Pawlotsky JM, Fleury A, Choukroun V, Deforges L, Roudot-Thoraval F, Aumont P, Duval J, Dhumeaux D. Significance of highly positive c22-3 "indeterminate" second-generation hepatitis C virus (HCV) recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) and resolution by third-generation HCV RIBA. J Clin Microbiol 1994; 32:1357-9. [PMID: 7519631 PMCID: PMC263701 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.32.5.1357-1359.1994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) is widely used for the validation of anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody detection. The aims of this work were (i) to determine, in terms of liver disease and HCV replication, the significance of a peculiar "indeterminate" second-generation RIBA pattern characterized by the presence of high titers of antibodies directed to c22-3, a protein bearing core epitopes and (ii) to determine whether a more advanced version of the same strip assay, namely a third-generation RIBA, may solve the problem of such indeterminate patterns. Sixty patients for which c22-3 indeterminate second-generation RIBAs were highly positive were studied. Forty-two of them (70%) were immunocompromised. Serum transaminases were increased in 46 cases (77%), and HCV RNA was detected by PCR in 50 cases (83%). Third-generation RIBA remained highly positive c22 indeterminate for 9 patients (15%) but was positive for 51 (85%), mostly because of increased sensitivity for the detection of both anti-c100 and anti-c33c antibodies. These results suggest that third-generation RIBA may achieve resolution of most of these cases but that highly positive c22 indeterminate third-generation RIBA may persist when used with some patients with very low titers of anti-HCV nonstructural protein antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Pawlotsky
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Université Paris XII, Creteil, France
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Marcellin P, Bernuau J, Martinot-Peignoux M, Larzul D, Xu LZ, Tran S, Bezeaud A, Guimont MC, Levardon M, Aumont P. Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in asymptomatic anti-HIV1 negative pregnant women and their children. Dig Dis Sci 1993; 38:2151-5. [PMID: 8261814 DOI: 10.1007/bf01299888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was studied prospectively in pregnant women in France and their children by detection of anti-HCV with second-generation ELISA (ELISA2). In ELISA2-positive women, anti-HCV was detected with second- and third-generation RIBA (RIBA2 and RIBA3) and serum HCV RNA was detected with PCR. Among 670 women, anti-HIV1-negative, 26 (3.9%) were positive with ELISA2. RIBA2 was positive in 13 and HCV RNA was found in 10. Ten ELISA2-positive women had a further evaluation with assessment of HCV infection in their children. Among the 10 children born to the index pregnancy, only one was positive with ELISA2 and RIBA2 but negative with RIBA3 and PCR; the nine other children were ELISA2, RIBA2, RIBA3, and PCR negative. All 26 siblings (2-16 years old), of whom 14 were born to PCR-positive mothers, were ELISA2 and RIBA2 negative. We conclude that among anti-HIV1-negative pregnant women with normal serum ALT levels, the prevalence of HCV infection is relatively high but the risk for mother-to-infant transmission of HCV seems to be low.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Marcellin
- Service d'Hépatologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France
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Roudot-Thoraval F, Pawlotsky JM, Thiers V, Deforges L, Girollet PP, Guillot F, Huraux C, Aumont P, Brechot C, Dhumeaux D. Lack of mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus in human immunodeficiency virus-seronegative women: a prospective study with hepatitis C virus RNA testing. Hepatology 1993; 17:772-7. [PMID: 7684017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The published risk of mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus varies according to the population studied and the tests used. In a prospective study we used the polymerase chain reaction to assess the risk of vertical transmission of hepatitis C virus in an unselected population of women uninfected by human immunodeficiency virus. Hepatitis C virus antibodies were sought with a second-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 2,367 consecutive pregnant women. Forty-one were positive, and 17 consented to serological follow-up of their offspring (n = 18). A second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay, ALT determination and hepatitis C virus RNA testing were performed on maternal sera obtained during pregnancy and sera from the offspring at birth and thereafter. Five older brothers or sisters were also tested. Hepatitis C virus RNA sequences in serum were amplified with a modified nested polymerase chain reaction procedure with primers from the highly conserved 5' noncoding region of the hepatitis C virus genome. All the neonates were positive for hepatitis C virus antibodies, with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay titers and recombinant immunoblot assay patterns similar to those of their mothers. After birth hepatitis C virus antibodies gradually disappeared within 6 mo. Hepatitis C virus RNA was consistently negative in the 18 children from birth to 24 mo (range = 3 to 24 mo) and in the 5 older children, regardless of the hepatitis C virus polymerase chain reaction status of the mothers (8 of whom were positive).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Chicheportiche C, Cantaloube JF, Biagini P, Aumont P, Donnadieu F, Escher J, Larabi F, Zepitelli JP. Analysis of ELISA hepatitis C virus-positive blood donors population by polymerase chain reaction and recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA). Comparison of second and third generation RIBA. Acta Virol 1993; 37:123-31. [PMID: 7692714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A new RIBA-3 (Chiron-Ortho Diagnostic System) was performed for discriminating uninterpretable results of RIBA-2. Recognition of antibodies to hepatitis C virus by RIBA-2 and RIBA-3 was compared among 95 ELISA-2 (second generation ELISA) positive blood donors and correlated with alanine-aminotransferase (ALAT) levels and viremia, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These studies led to three important conclusions. First, all ELISA-2-positive, RIBA-2-positive and ALAT-positive samples were found viremic compared with 73% of ELISA-2-positive, RIBA-2-positive and ALAT-negative samples. Then, the comparison of the different RIBAs allowed to conclude that RIBA-3 was more sensitive but less specific than RIBA-2. RIBA-3 was interesting to discriminate undetermined RIBA-2, owing to an improved specificity of C100-3 antigen. In fact, most of the C100-3 positive, RIBA-2 undetermined samples became RIBA-3 negative whereas C22-3 positive, RIBA-2 undetermined samples became RIBA-3 positive or undetermined. Finally, a significant correlation was found between the presence of antibodies against C33-c antigen and viremia.
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