1
|
Zamboanga BL, Newins AR, Olthuis JV, Merrill JE, Blumenthal H, Kim SY, Grigsby TJ, McClain P, McChargue D, Cano MÁ. A confirmatory factor analysis of a revised motives for playing drinking games (MPDG-33) scale among university students in the United States. Alcohol Alcohol 2024; 59:agae027. [PMID: 38685066 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM Participating in a drinking game (DG) is common practice among university students and can increase students' risk for heavy drinking. Given the theoretical link between motivations to drink and alcohol use, careful consideration should be given to students' motivations to play DGs. In this study, we examined the factor structure, internal consistency, and concurrent validity of a revised version of the motives for playing drinking games (MPDG) scale, the MPDG-33. METHODS University students (n = 3345, Mage = 19.77 years, SDage = 1.53; 68.8% = women; 59.6% = White) from 12 U.S. universities completed a confidential online self-report survey that included the MPDG-33 and questions regarding their frequency of DG participation and typical drink consumption while playing DGs. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analysis indicated the 7-factor model fit the data adequately, and all items had statistically significant factor loadings on their predicted factor. All subscales had adequate to excellent internal consistency and were positively correlated with the frequency of DG participation and the typical number of drinks consumed while playing DGs (though the correlations were small). CONCLUSION Findings suggest that the MPDG-33 can be reliably used in research and clinical settings to assess U.S. university students' motives for playing DGs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byron L Zamboanga
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States
| | - Amie R Newins
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States
| | - Janine V Olthuis
- Department of Psychology, University of New Brunswick-Fredericton, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Jennifer E Merrill
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, United States
| | - Heidemarie Blumenthal
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, United States
| | - Su Yeong Kim
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Timothy J Grigsby
- Department of Social and Behavioral Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, United States
| | - Patrick McClain
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States
| | - Dennis McChargue
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States
| | - Miguel Ángel Cano
- School of Public Health, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zamboanga BL, Ramarushton B, Blumenthal H, Thompson L, Ham LS, McClain P, Regan P, Harkness A, Subrahmanyam K, Schwartz SJ. Examining the Factor Structure and Correlates of Motives to Drink Before Attending a Virtual Social Event During COVID-19 Among University Students. Subst Use Misuse 2024; 59:1102-1109. [PMID: 38433327 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2024.2320389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Background: Many university students pregame or drink before a social event. Pregaming carries some risk due to its link to heavy drinking. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was limited access to many drinking venues (e.g., bars/clubs). Moreover, universities shifted to a virtual format and imposed restrictions on in-person gatherings resulting in the reliance on virtual platforms for class instruction, meetings, and social events. The pandemic facilitated changes in students' drinking behaviors, stress levels, and how they maintained social contact with others. Thus, it is conceivable that during an academic pandemic year, students may have engaged in the act of drinking before attending a virtual social event. Objectives: In the present study, we examined the factor structures/item loadings of the Pregaming Motives Measure-Virtual (PGMM-V) among students (N = 283; Mage = 21.38; women = 69.3%; White = 45.4%, Hispanic = 40.8%) from seven universities who completed an online questionnaire (Spring/Summer-2021). Items from the original Pregaming Motives Measure (Bachrach et al., 2012) were modified to reflect motives to drink before attending a virtual social event. Results: We found evidence for a 2-factor structure model of the PGMM-V which includes social/enhancement and social ease/stress. Bivariate correlations indicated that social/enhancement and social ease/stress were (a) positively associated with frequency of drinking and alcohol consumption prior to attending virtual social events, and (b) general drinking motives (social/enhancement/coping) that align with these motives. Conclusions: The PGMM-V is a promising instrument that could be used in future research designed to understand students' pregaming behaviors for virtual social events as the use of such platforms are increasingly relied upon for social engagement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byron L Zamboanga
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Banan Ramarushton
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | | | - Linda Thompson
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Lindsay S Ham
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Patrick McClain
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Pamela Regan
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Audrey Harkness
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Kaveri Subrahmanyam
- Department of Psychology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Seth J Schwartz
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zamboanga BL, Ramarushton B, Blumenthal H, Thompson L, Ham LS, Bartholomew JB, Schwartz SJ, Harkness A, Subrahmanyam K, McClain P, Regan P, Michikyan M. Business as usual? Drinking games participation before and during an academic pandemic (COVID-19) year among university students. J Am Coll Health 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38285886 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2301328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Objective: A drinking game (DG) is a risky social drinking activity that is prevalent among university students and promotes rapid alcohol consumption. We examined university students' DG behaviors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Students (N = 368; Mage=21.12; women = 72.6%; Hispanic = 44.7%) from seven universities completed an online survey in 2021 (spring/summer). Results: 57% played DGs in-person before the pandemic and continued to play during the pandemic. These students were less worried about their health/symptoms if they were to contract COVID-19, had lower confidence in wearing a mask properly/socially distancing while under the influence of alcohol, consumed more alcohol during the pandemic, and endorsed higher enhancement drinking motives than students who played DGs before but stopped playing during the pandemic (30%). Conclusions: College health practitioners could pay close attention to students who endorse high enhancement motives as they are susceptible to risky DG play.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byron L Zamboanga
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Banan Ramarushton
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | | | - Linda Thompson
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Lindsay S Ham
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - John B Bartholomew
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Seth J Schwartz
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Audrey Harkness
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Kaveri Subrahmanyam
- Department of Psychology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Patrick McClain
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Pamela Regan
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Minas Michikyan
- Department of Child and Family Studies, California State University, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Klein DJ, McClain P, Montemorano V, Santacroce A. Pre-Season Nutritional Intake and Prevalence of Low Energy Availability in NCAA Division III Collegiate Swimmers. Nutrients 2023; 15:2827. [PMID: 37447154 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
There is limited information regarding the dietary habits and energy availability (EA) of collegiate athletes. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to assess the nutrient intakes, dietary habits, and prevalence of low EA (<30 kcals/kg FFM) in a group of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III male and female swimmers. Energy and nutrient intake, body composition, and exercise energy expenditure was assessed in 30 (n = 15 males, n = 15 females) NCAA Division III swimmers during pre-season using three-day diet and seven-day activity records alongside multi-frequency, bioelectric impedance analysis. A validated screening tool was used to assess for low EA in the female swimmers. Mean EA in male and female athletes was 32.7 ± 12 and 34.9 ± 13.7 kcals/kg FFM, respectively, and was not significantly different between the sexes (p = 0.65). Twenty percent of swimmers (n = 3 males, n = 3 females) presented with optimal EA, 37% (n = 5 males, n = 6 females) presented with sub-optimal EA, and 43% (n = 7 males, n = 6 females) presented with low EA. Swimmers who presented with a low EA consumed significantly less calories, carbohydrates, and proteins than non-low EA swimmers (p < 0.02). The validated screening tool failed to classify 50% of female swimmers who presented with low EA. Only eight athletes achieved the USDA MyPlate recommendation for fruits, whereas three athletes achieved the recommendation for vegetables, with no differences between the sexes (p > 0.05). The present findings show that there was a high prevalence of low EA during the pre-season among male and female collegiate swimmers that was not fully captured using a validated screening tool for females. Low EA occurred alongside lower intakes of calories, carbohydrates, and proteins, and the majority of swimmers did not meet the United States Department of Agriculture recommendations for fruit and vegetable intake. These data stress the need for improved dietary intakes in NCAA Division III collegiate swimmers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dylan J Klein
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Patrick McClain
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Victoria Montemorano
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Alaina Santacroce
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cortellini P, Tonetti MS, Lang NP, Suvan JE, Zucchelli G, Vangsted T, Silvestri M, Rossi R, McClain P, Fonzar A, Dubravec D, Adriaens P. The simplified papilla preservation flap in the regenerative treatment of deep intrabony defects: clinical outcomes and postoperative morbidity. J Periodontol 2001; 72:1702-12. [PMID: 11811506 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2001.72.12.1702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aims of the present multi-center, randomized, controlled clinical trial were: 1) to compare the efficacy of the simplified papilla preservation flap with and without a barrier membrane in deep intrabony defects; 2) to evaluate the postoperative morbidity and surgical complications; and 3) to preliminarily test the impact of baseline tooth mobility on clinical outcomes. METHODS This parallel group, randomized, multi-center, controlled clinical trial involved 112 patients in 8 periodontal practices in 4 countries. A deep intrabony defect in each patient was accessed with the simplified papilla preservation flap. In the test defects, a bioabsorbable membrane was positioned. Patients' experiences with the surgical procedure and postoperative period were evaluated with a questionnaire. Clinical outcomes included clinical attachment level (CAL) and probing depth (PD) changes. RESULTS Complete observations were available for 55 test and 54 control defects. CAL gains at 1 year were 3.5 +/- 2.1 mm in the guided tissue regeneration (GTR) group and 2.6 +/- 1.8 mm in the control group (P = 0.0117). CAL gains > or = 4 mm were observed in 50.9% of GTR sites and 33.3% of control sites. A significant center effect of 2.1 mm was observed (P= 0.01). Initial PD (P= 0.01) and baseline tooth mobility (P= 0.036) were significant covariates. During the procedure, 30.4% of test and 28.6% of controls reported feeling moderate pain, and subjects estimated the hardship of the procedure at 24 +/- 25 visual analog scale (VAS) units in the test group, and at 22 +/- 23 VAS in controls. In terms of the investigated outcomes, differences between test and control groups were not statistically significant. Among the postoperative complications, edema was most prevalent at week 1, and more frequently associated with the test treatment (P= 0.01). In the test group, 53.6% of membranes were exposed at week 3. CONCLUSIONS The present study further supports the added benefits of guided tissue regeneration with respect to access flap alone in the treatment of deep intrabony defects, as well as the general efficacy of GTR in different clinical settings. Furthermore, our study indicates a possible influence of baseline tooth mobility on clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Cortellini
- Department of Periodontology, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Linking material and newborn medical records is a valuable tool for assessing the relationship between maternal variables and fetal outcome. This study evaluated the Center for Disease Control's newly developed maternal and newborn medical record linkage system, a computer program that uses weighted variables to determine the most likely maternal and newborn pairs. Any newborn record not achieving a set minimum score with a maternal record remains nonmatched. The objectives of the study were to estimate the program's matching accuracy, determine causes of incorrect matches and nonmatches, develop suggestions for program revisions, and evaluate the effects of the revisions. The study sample included 521 matched and 247 nonmatched maternal and newborn medical records from seven Ohio hospitals. Of all available newborn records (10,068), 574 (5.7%) did not match with maternal records; for those in which a match occurred, the authors ascertained a 98% matching accuracy and determined explanations for nonmatched and incorrectly matched records. The authors noted a greater prevalence of birth defects and prematurity among newborns with nonmatched records than among those with matched records. Program revisions, therefore, focused on reducing the prevalence of nonmatched records. The revised program reduced the prevalence of nonmatched records from 5.7% to 3% but reduced matching accuracy.
Collapse
|
7
|
McClain P. The patient representative as change master--an important marketing idea. Healthmarketing 1987; 7:10-2. [PMID: 10285272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
|
8
|
Metcoff J, Costiloe JP, Crosby W, Bentle L, Seshachalam D, Sandstead HH, Bodwell CE, Weaver F, McClain P. Maternal nutrition and fetal outcome. Am J Clin Nutr 1981; 34:708-21. [PMID: 7223688 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/34.4.708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
|
9
|
Kay C, Abrahams S, McClain P. The weight of normal thyroid glands in children. Arch Pathol 1966; 82:349-52. [PMID: 5954048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|