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Weinstock M, Aljawai Y, Morgan EA, Laubach J, Gannon M, Roccaro AM, Varga C, Mitsiades CS, Paba-Prada C, Schlossman R, Munshi N, Anderson KC, Richardson PP, Weller E, Ghobrial IM. Incidence and clinical features of extramedullary multiple myeloma in patients who underwent stem cell transplantation. Br J Haematol 2015; 169:851-8. [PMID: 25833301 PMCID: PMC5944324 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Extramedullary disease (EMD), defined as an infiltrate of clonal plasma cells at an anatomic site distant from the bone marrow, is an uncommon manifestation of multiple myeloma. Six hundred and sixty-three consecutive patients with multiple myeloma who underwent stem cell transplantation between January 2005 and December 2011 were assessed for the presence of EMD. A cohort of 55 patients with biopsy-proven EMD was identified, comprising 8·3% of the total study population. EMD was present at the time of diagnosis in 14·5% of cases and at the time of relapse in 76% of patients. The most common EMD presentations at relapse were liver involvement and pleural effusions. EMD specimens had high expression of CD44 (92%) and moderate expression of CXCR4. The median overall survival from time of myeloma diagnosis was 4·1 years (95% CI: 3·1, 5·1) and the median overall survival from time of EMD diagnosis was 1·3 years (95% CI: 0·8, 2·3). This report demonstrates that the incidence of EMD has not increased with the introduction of novel agents and stem cell transplantation. The most common EMD presentations in the relapsed setting were liver and pleural fluid. The presence of CD44 and CXCR4 expression may represent new markers of EMD that warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew Weinstock
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Beth Israel Deaconess, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yosra Aljawai
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Morgan
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacob Laubach
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Muriel Gannon
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aldo M Roccaro
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cindy Varga
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Robert Schlossman
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikhil Munshi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Paul P Richardson
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edie Weller
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Irene M Ghobrial
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Fear MJ, Walmsley PM, Chorlton DA, Zmeev DE, Gillott SJ, Sellers MC, Richardson PP, Agrawal H, Batey G, Golov AI. A compact rotating dilution refrigerator. Rev Sci Instrum 2013; 84:103905. [PMID: 24182127 DOI: 10.1063/1.4822340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We describe the design and performance of a new rotating dilution refrigerator that will primarily be used for investigating the dynamics of quantized vortices in superfluid (4)He. All equipment required to operate the refrigerator and perform experimental measurements is mounted on two synchronously driven, but mechanically decoupled, rotating carousels. The design allows for relative simplicity of operation and maintenance and occupies a minimal amount of space in the laboratory. Only two connections between the laboratory and rotating frames are required for the transmission of electrical power and helium gas recovery. Measurements on the stability of rotation show that rotation is smooth to around 10(-3) rad s(-1) up to angular velocities in excess of 2.5 rad s(-1). The behavior of a high-Q mechanical resonator during rapid changes in rotation has also been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Fear
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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