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Sun PW, Chang JT, Luo MX, Liao PC. Genomic insights into local adaptation and vulnerability of Quercus longinux to climate change. BMC Plant Biol 2024; 24:279. [PMID: 38609850 PMCID: PMC11015620 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04942-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Climate change is expected to alter the factors that drive changes in adaptive variation. This is especially true for species with long life spans and limited dispersal capabilities. Rapid climate changes may disrupt the migration of beneficial genetic variations, making it challenging for them to keep up with changing environments. Understanding adaptive genetic variations in tree species is crucial for conservation and effective forest management. Our study used landscape genomic analyses and phenotypic traits from a thorough sampling across the entire range of Quercus longinux, an oak species native to Taiwan, to investigate the signals of adaptation within this species. RESULTS Using ecological data, phenotypic traits, and 1,933 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 205 individuals, we classified three genetic groups, which were also phenotypically and ecologically divergent. Thirty-five genes related to drought and freeze resistance displayed signatures of natural selection. The adaptive variation was driven by diverse environmental pressures such as low spring precipitation, low annual temperature, and soil grid sizes. Using linear-regression-based methods, we identified isolation by environment (IBE) as the optimal model for adaptive SNPs. Redundancy analysis (RDA) further revealed a substantial joint influence of demography, geology, and environments, suggesting a covariation between environmental gradients and colonization history. Lastly, we utilized adaptive signals to estimate the genetic offset for each individual under diverse climate change scenarios. The required genetic changes and migration distance are larger in severe climates. Our prediction also reveals potential threats to edge populations in northern and southeastern Taiwan due to escalating temperatures and precipitation reallocation. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate the intricate influence of ecological heterogeneity on genetic and phenotypic adaptation of an oak species. The adaptation is also driven by some rarely studied environmental factors, including wind speed and soil features. Furthermore, the genetic offset analysis predicted that the edge populations of Q. longinux in lower elevations might face higher risks of local extinctions under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Wei Sun
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88 Ting-Chow Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Tse Chang
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88 Ting-Chow Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
| | - Min-Xin Luo
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88 Ting-Chow Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Liao
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88 Ting-Chow Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei, 116, Taiwan.
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Zhu JF, Liu Y, Li WT, Li MH, Zhen CH, Sun PW, Chen JX, Wu WH, Zeng W. Retraction Note: Ibrutinib facilitates the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to ferroptosis through BTK/NRF2 pathway. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:116. [PMID: 38326349 PMCID: PMC10850086 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06498-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Feng Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan), Foshan, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Ting Li
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Hui Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Chao-Hui Zhen
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Wei Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Xin Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Hao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan), 1 Jiazi Road, 528000, Foshan, Guangdong Province, P.R. China.
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Zhu JF, Liu Y, Li WT, Li MH, Zhen CH, Sun PW, Chen JX, Wu WH, Zeng W. Ibrutinib facilitates the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to ferroptosis through BTK/NRF2 pathway. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:151. [PMID: 36823108 PMCID: PMC9950074 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05664-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Ibrutinib is a drug that inhibits the protein Burton's tyrosine kinase and thereby the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, which played a key role in mediating the activation of antioxidants during stress conditions and ferroptosis resistance. This study aimed to identify the effect of Ibrutinib and ferroptosis inducer on colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment and its underlying mechanism. In our study, we found the upregulation of Nrf2 was correlated with CRC progression and antioxidant proteins. Ibrutinib sensitized CRC to ferroptosis inducers, suggested by further reduced CRC cell viability, proliferation and decreased antioxidant protein levels in CRC cells after combination treatment of Ibrutinib and RSL3 or Ibrutinib and Erastin both in vivo and in vitro. Knockout of Nrf2 diminished the regulatory effect of Ibrutinib on CRC sensitivity to ferroptosis inducers. Altogether, this study demonstrated that Ibrutinib increases the sensitivity of CRC cell to ferroptosis inducers by inhibiting Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Feng Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan), Foshan, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Ting Li
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Hui Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Chao-Hui Zhen
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Wei Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Xin Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Hao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan), 1 Jiazi Road, 528000, Foshan, Guangdong Province, P.R. China.
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Shen YN, Bai XL, Jin G, Zhang Q, Lu JH, Qin RY, Yu RS, Pan Y, Chen Y, Sun PW, Guo CX, Li X, Ma T, Li GG, Gao SL, Lou JY, Que RS, Lau WY, Liang TB. A preoperative nomogram predicts prognosis of up front resectable patients with pancreatic head cancer and suspected venous invasion. HPB (Oxford) 2018; 20:1034-1043. [PMID: 29929784 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic head adenocarcinoma is commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage when adjacent vascular invasion is present. This study aimed to establish a preoperative prognostic nomogram for patients who underwent attempted curative resectional surgery for pancreatic head cancer with suspected peripancreatic venous invasion. METHODS Data on all consecutive patients were retrospectively collected from 2012 to 2016 at four academic institutions. The demographic and radiological parameters were analyzed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The final nomogram was established using the concordance Harrell's C-indices and calibration curves from data obtained in three institutions and validated in the cohort of patients coming from the fourth institution. RESULTS The nomogram was constructed using data from 178 patients while the validation cohort consisted of 61 patients. Age, length of tumor contact, peripancreatic venous abnormalities and lymph node staging were independent factors of overall survival. The nomogram showed good probabilities of survival on calibration curves. The C-index of the model in predicting overall survival (OS) was 0.824 for the validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS The nomogram accurately predicted OS in patients with pancreatic head cancer with suspected peripancreatic venous invasion after attempted curative pancreatic resectional surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Nan Shen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Li Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Hua Lu
- The 5th Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ren-Yi Qin
- Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ri-Sheng Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China; Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Pan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China; Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China; Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Wei Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Xiang Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Gang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shun-Liang Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ying Lou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ri-Sheng Que
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wan Y Lau
- Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| | - Ting-Bo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China.
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Li X, Ma T, Zhang Q, Chen YG, Guo CX, Shen YN, Sun PW, Li GG, Gao SL, Que RS, Lou JY, Yu RS, Yuan Y, Wei QC, Wei SM, Zhang Y, Zheng L, Bai XL, Liang TB. Modified-FOLFIRINOX in metastatic pancreatic cancer: A prospective study in Chinese population. Cancer Lett 2017; 406:22-26. [PMID: 28729048 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy has shown remarkable responses in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (MPC), and has significantly improved prognosis. However, FOLFIRINOX is currently not frequently applied in China because of its high incidence of adverse events, and there is no recognized optimization for this therapy in Chinese population. Modification of FOLFIRINOX may be better for its acceptance in China. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of modified-FOLFIRINOX in patients with MPC. A total of 62 MPC patients were treated with modified-FOLFIRINOX (no Fluorouracil bolus, 85% Oxaliplatin and 75% Irinotecan) between April 2014 and April 2017 in our institute. 40 of them were evaluated, with a response rate of 32.5% (13/40). The frequent grade 3/4 adverse events are neutropenia (29%) and alanine aminotransferase elevation (14.5%). No treatment-related death was observed. The median overall survival and median progression-free survival are 10.3 months and 7.0 months, respectively. In conclusion, modified-FOLFIRINOX had significantly improved tolerance with similar efficacy to FOLFIRINOX. These findings may provide evidence for the use of FOLFIRINOX in Chinese patients with MPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Gang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Xiang Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Nan Shen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Wei Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Gang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shun-Liang Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ri-Sheng Que
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ying Lou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ri-Sheng Yu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Chun Wei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Mei Wei
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Departments of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xue-Li Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ting-Bo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China.
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Wu ZK, Sun PW, Zhang X, Zhong FT, Tong CW, Lu K. Superiority of mitral valve replacement with preservation of subvalvular structure to conventional replacement in severe rheumatic mitral valve disease: a modified technique and results of one-year follow up. J Heart Valve Dis 2000; 9:616-22. [PMID: 11041173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY Mitral valve replacement with preservation of the subvalvular apparatus (MRVP) has been proven superior to conventional mitral valve replacement (MVR). We devised a simple modified MVRP method in this prospective, randomized study to investigate the clinical effects and one-year follow up echocardiographic results of MVRP compared with MVR in patients with severe rheumatic mitral insufficiency (MI). METHODS Sixty-eight patients with severe rheumatic MI with or without stenosis were randomized to MVRP (n = 35) and MVR (n = 33) groups. In MVRP patients, the preserved tissue was pulled back posteriorly to the posterior wall of the left ventricle, then plicated and reaffixed to one-fourth of the annular circumference in the posterior annulus, in order to prevent left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction. Clinical data including cumulative ventricular arrhythmias and use of inotropes were collected. Echocardiography examination was performed before surgery, and at five days, three months and one year thereafter. RESULTS There were no preoperative differences patient data. The cross-clamp time was 2.2 min longer in MVRP patients. The one-month mortality rate after surgery was lower in MVRP patients (2.9% versus 15.2%, p = 0.074). Mechanical ventilation and ICU times were shorter in the MVRP group (17.6 versus 24.8 and 52.5 versus 70.6 h, p = 0.001 and 0.1, respectively). There were fewer ventricular arrhythmias and less need for inotropic support in this group. One year follow up echocardiography data showed better preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and better recovery of heart size after MRVP. There was no indication that preserved valvular tissue interfered with mechanical valve function, or caused LVOT obstruction. CONCLUSION This modified MVRP technique is simple, effective and without risk of LVOT obstruction. In severe rheumatic MI patients the outcome of MVRP is superior to that of conventional MVR in term's of mortality, postoperative care needs, left ventricular function and heart dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z K Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Affiliated 1st Hospital, Sun Yet-sen University of Medical Sciences, People's Republic of China
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Gunasekar PG, Sun PW, Kanthasamy AG, Borowitz JL, Isom GE. Cyanide-induced neurotoxicity involves nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species generation after N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1996; 277:150-5. [PMID: 8613912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
To study oxidative mechanisms in cyanide toxicity, cyanide-induced generation of intracellular oxidant species was determined by microfluorescence in cerebellar granule cells loaded with the oxidant-sensitive fluorescence dye 2,7-dichlorofluorescin. KCN produced a concentration-dependent (25-200 microM) generation of intracellular oxidant species that was blocked by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists (MK-801 or AP5) or by removal of extracellular Ca++ from the incubation medium. To determine the relative contribution of NO and reactive oxygen species (ROS) to the increase of cellular fluorescence after KCN, a selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, a NO scavenger and enzymes that metabolize ROS were added to the incubation medium. Interference with the nitric oxide system (reduced hemoglobin as a NO scavenger or [N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester [L-NAME] reduced fluorescence by 50%). Addition of enzymes that metabolize peroxide (catalase or superoxide dismutase [SOD]) also reduced fluorescence by nearly 50%. Combination of SOD with hemoglobin or L-NAME provided additional attenuation of the fluorescence and it was concluded that both NO and ROS are generated concurrently after KCN. Furthermore a correlation was observed between NO and ROS formation and levels of malonaldehyde (MDA), a marker of lipid peroxidation. Pretreatment with MK-801 blocked KCN-induced MDA formation, whereas L-NAME partially diminished MDA production. Treatment with a combination of SOD/catalase and L-NAME blocked the KCN-induced lipid peroxidation. In cytotoxicity studies cyanide-induced cell death was blocked by MK-801, whereas partial attenuation was produced by L-NAME; SOD/catalase treatments did not protect the cells. However, significant protection from cyanide-induced cytotoxicity was observed when L-NAME was combined with SOD/catalase. It is concluded that cyanide activates N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors to simultaneously generate both NO and ROS, which may lead to formation of the cytotoxic peroxynitrite anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Gunasekar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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Luo HZ, Sun PW, Zhan Y. [Clinical analysis of 11 cases of left atrial myxoma]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 1985; 23:497-8, 511. [PMID: 3912139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Sun PW. [Prosthetic valve endocarditis: report of 3 cases]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 1985; 23:347-9, 382. [PMID: 4053848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Sun PW, Zhan Y. [The surgical treatment of corrected transposition of the great arteries, situs inversus and dextrocardia (author's transl)]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 1980; 8:124-6. [PMID: 7307922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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