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Jackson MC, Friberg N, Moliner Cachazo L, Clark DR, Mutinova PT, O'Gorman EJ, Kordas RL, Gallo B, Pichler DE, Bespalaya Y, Aksenova OV, Milner A, Brooks SJ, Dunn N, Lee KWK, Ólafsson JS, Gíslason GM, Millan L, Bell T, Dumbrell AJ, Woodward G. Regional impacts of warming on biodiversity and biomass in high latitude stream ecosystems across the Northern Hemisphere. Commun Biol 2024; 7:316. [PMID: 38480906 PMCID: PMC10937648 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05936-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Warming can have profound impacts on ecological communities. However, explorations of how differences in biogeography and productivity might reshape the effect of warming have been limited to theoretical or proxy-based approaches: for instance, studies of latitudinal temperature gradients are often conflated with other drivers (e.g., species richness). Here, we overcome these limitations by using local geothermal temperature gradients across multiple high-latitude stream ecosystems. Each suite of streams (6-11 warmed by 1-15°C above ambient) is set within one of five regions (37 streams total); because the heating comes from the bedrock and is not confounded by changes in chemistry, we can isolate the effect of temperature. We found a negative overall relationship between diatom and invertebrate species richness and temperature, but the strength of the relationship varied regionally, declining more strongly in regions with low terrestrial productivity. Total invertebrate biomass increased with temperature in all regions. The latter pattern combined with the former suggests that the increased biomass of tolerant species might compensate for the loss of sensitive species. Our results show that the impact of warming can be dependent on regional conditions, demonstrating that local variation should be included in future climate projections rather than simply assuming universal relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C Jackson
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3SZ, UK.
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK.
| | - Nikolai Friberg
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA) Sognsveien 68, Oslo, 0855, Norway
- Freshwater Biological Section, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Water@Leeds, University of Leeds, School of Geography, Leeds, UK
| | - Luis Moliner Cachazo
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
- Department of Geography, King's College London, The Strand, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - David R Clark
- School of Life Science, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
- Institute for Analytics and Data Science, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Petra Thea Mutinova
- The Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Økernveien 94, Oslo, 0579, Norway
| | - Eoin J O'Gorman
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
- School of Life Science, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Rebecca L Kordas
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Bruno Gallo
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Doris E Pichler
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Yulia Bespalaya
- N. Laverov Federal Centre for Integrated Arctic Research, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Olga V Aksenova
- N. Laverov Federal Centre for Integrated Arctic Research, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Milner
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Stephen J Brooks
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Nicholas Dunn
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - K W K Lee
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
- Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden, Lam Kam Road, Tai Po, Tsuen, Hong Kong
| | - Jón S Ólafsson
- Institute of Marine and Freshwater Research, Hafnafjordur, 220, Hafnarfjörður, Iceland
| | - Gísli M Gíslason
- Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, 102, Iceland
| | - Lucia Millan
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Thomas Bell
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Alex J Dumbrell
- School of Life Science, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Guy Woodward
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK.
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