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Karamatic Crew V, Tilley LA, Satchwell TJ, AlSubhi SA, Jones B, Spring FA, Walser PJ, Martins Freire C, Murciano N, Rotordam MG, Woestmann SJ, Hamed M, Alradwan R, AlKhrousey M, Skidmore I, Lewis S, Hussain S, Jackson J, Latham T, Kilby MD, Lester W, Becker N, Rapedius M, Toye AM, Thornton NM. Missense mutations in PIEZO1, which encodes the Piezo1 mechanosensor protein, define Er red blood cell antigens. Blood 2023; 141:135-146. [PMID: 36122374 PMCID: PMC10644042 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022016504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the identification of the high-incidence red cell antigen Era nearly 40 years ago, the molecular background of this antigen, together with the other 2 members of the Er blood group collection, has yet to be elucidated. Whole exome and Sanger sequencing of individuals with serologically defined Er alloantibodies identified several missense mutations within the PIEZO1 gene, encoding amino acid substitutions within the extracellular domain of the Piezo1 mechanosensor ion channel. Confirmation of Piezo1 as the carrier molecule for the Er blood group antigens was demonstrated using immunoprecipitation, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout, and expression studies in an erythroblast cell line. We report the molecular bases of 5 Er blood group antigens: the recognized Era, Erb, and Er3 antigens and 2 novel high-incidence Er antigens, described here as Er4 and Er5, establishing a new blood group system. Anti-Er4 and anti-Er5 are implicated in severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. Demonstration of Piezo1, present at just a few hundred copies on the surface of the red blood cell, as the site of a new blood group system highlights the potential antigenicity of even low-abundance membrane proteins and contributes to our understanding of the in vivo characteristics of this important and widely studied protein in transfusion biology and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanja Karamatic Crew
- International Blood Group Reference Laboratory, NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Louise A. Tilley
- International Blood Group Reference Laboratory, NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy J. Satchwell
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Red Blood Cell Products, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Bristol Institute of Transfusion Sciences, NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Samah A. AlSubhi
- International Blood Group Reference Laboratory, NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, United Kingdom
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Benjamin Jones
- International Blood Group Reference Laboratory, NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Frances A. Spring
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Red Blood Cell Products, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Bristol Institute of Transfusion Sciences, NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Piers J. Walser
- Clinical Biotechnology Centre, NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nicoletta Murciano
- Theoretical Medicine and Biosciences, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
- Research and Development, Nanion Technologies, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ian Skidmore
- Red Cell Immunohaematology, NHS Blood and Transplant, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Lewis
- Red Cell Immunohaematology, NHS Blood and Transplant, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Shimon Hussain
- Red Cell Immunohaematology, NHS Blood and Transplant, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Jackson
- Haematology Department at Birmingham Women’s Hospital, Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Latham
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Mark D. Kilby
- College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - William Lester
- Haematology Department at Birmingham Women’s Hospital, Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nadine Becker
- Research and Development, Nanion Technologies, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Rapedius
- Research and Development, Nanion Technologies, Munich, Germany
| | - Ashley M. Toye
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Red Blood Cell Products, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Bristol Institute of Transfusion Sciences, NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole M. Thornton
- International Blood Group Reference Laboratory, NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Walser PJ, Ariotti N, Howes M, Ferguson C, Webb R, Schwudke D, Leneva N, Cho KJ, Cooper L, Rae J, Floetenmeyer M, Oorschot VMJ, Skoglund U, Simons K, Hancock JF, Parton RG. Constitutive formation of caveolae in a bacterium. Cell 2012; 150:752-63. [PMID: 22901807 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2010] [Revised: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Caveolin plays an essential role in the formation of characteristic surface pits, caveolae, which cover the surface of many animal cells. The fundamental principles of caveola formation are only slowly emerging. Here we show that caveolin expression in a prokaryotic host lacking any intracellular membrane system drives the formation of cytoplasmic vesicles containing polymeric caveolin. Vesicle formation is induced by expression of wild-type caveolins, but not caveolin mutants defective in caveola formation in mammalian systems. In addition, cryoelectron tomography shows that the induced membrane domains are equivalent in size and caveolin density to native caveolae and reveals a possible polyhedral arrangement of caveolin oligomers. The caveolin-induced vesicles or heterologous caveolae (h-caveolae) form by budding in from the cytoplasmic membrane, generating a membrane domain with distinct lipid composition. Periplasmic solutes are encapsulated in the budding h-caveola, and purified h-caveolae can be tailored to be targeted to specific cells of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piers J Walser
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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Howes MT, Kirkham M, Riches J, Cortese K, Walser PJ, Simpson F, Hill MM, Jones A, Lundmark R, Lindsay MR, Hernandez-Deviez DJ, Hadzic G, McCluskey A, Bashir R, Liu L, Pilch P, McMahon H, Robinson PJ, Hancock JF, Mayor S, Parton RG. Clathrin-independent carriers form a high capacity endocytic sorting system at the leading edge of migrating cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 190:675-91. [PMID: 20713605 PMCID: PMC2928008 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201002119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Although the importance of clathrin- and caveolin-independent endocytic pathways has recently emerged, key aspects of these routes remain unknown. Using quantitative ultrastructural approaches, we show that clathrin-independent carriers (CLICs) account for approximately three times the volume internalized by the clathrin-mediated endocytic pathway, forming the major pathway involved in uptake of fluid and bulk membrane in fibroblasts. Electron tomographic analysis of the 3D morphology of the earliest carriers shows that they are multidomain organelles that form a complex sorting station as they mature. Proteomic analysis provides direct links between CLICs, cellular adhesion turnover, and migration. Consistent with this, CLIC-mediated endocytosis of key cargo proteins, CD44 and Thy-1, is polarized at the leading edge of migrating fibroblasts, while transient ablation of CLICs impairs their ability to migrate. These studies provide the first quantitative ultrastructural analysis and molecular characterization of the major endocytic pathway in fibroblasts, a pathway that provides rapid membrane turnover at the leading edge of migrating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark T Howes
- The Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Bastiani M, Liu L, Hill MM, Jedrychowski MP, Nixon SJ, Lo HP, Abankwa D, Luetterforst R, Fernandez-Rojo M, Breen MR, Gygi SP, Vinten J, Walser PJ, North KN, Hancock JF, Pilch PF, Parton RG. MURC/Cavin-4 and cavin family members form tissue-specific caveolar complexes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 185:1259-73. [PMID: 19546242 PMCID: PMC2712963 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200903053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polymerase I and transcript release factor (PTRF)/Cavin is a cytoplasmic protein whose expression is obligatory for caveola formation. Using biochemistry and fluorescence resonance energy transfer–based approaches, we now show that a family of related proteins, PTRF/Cavin-1, serum deprivation response (SDR)/Cavin-2, SDR-related gene product that binds to C kinase (SRBC)/Cavin-3, and muscle-restricted coiled-coil protein (MURC)/Cavin-4, forms a multiprotein complex that associates with caveolae. This complex can constitutively assemble in the cytosol and associate with caveolin at plasma membrane caveolae. Cavin-1, but not other cavins, can induce caveola formation in a heterologous system and is required for the recruitment of the cavin complex to caveolae. The tissue-restricted expression of cavins suggests that caveolae may perform tissue-specific functions regulated by the composition of the cavin complex. Cavin-4 is expressed predominantly in muscle, and its distribution is perturbed in human muscle disease associated with Caveolin-3 dysfunction, identifying Cavin-4 as a novel muscle disease candidate caveolar protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Bastiani
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Walser PJ, Kües U, Aebi M, Künzler M. Ligand interactions of the Coprinopsis cinerea galectins. Fungal Genet Biol 2005; 42:293-305. [PMID: 15749049 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2004.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2004] [Revised: 11/15/2004] [Accepted: 12/20/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The basidiomycete Coprinopsis cinerea (Coprinus cinereus) expresses two fruiting body-specific isolectins (CGL1 and CGL2) that belong to the family of galectins. Understanding the role of these beta-galactoside binding lectins is still in the beginning. Even though the prerequisites for substrate binding are well understood, it is not known how discrimination between potential substrates is achieved and what kind of influence this has on the function in a distinct cellular context. Precise knowledge of the expression of galectins and their ligands will aid in elucidating their function. In Coprinopsis, the developmentally regulated ligands for galectins co-localise with galectin expression in the veil surrounding the developing primordium and the outer cells of the young stipe. In addition, galectin ligands are observed in the hymenium. The subcellular localisation of the galectin ligands suggests these to be present in cellular compartments distinct from galectin transport. The sensitivity of the in situ interactions with exogenous galectin towards detergents and organic solvents infers that these ligands are lipid-borne. Accordingly, lipid fractions from primordia are shown to contain galectin-binding compounds. Based on these results and the determined binding specificity towards substituted beta-galactosides we hypothesise that beta-galactoside-containing lipids (basidiolipids) found in mushrooms are physiological ligands for the galectins in C. cinerea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piers J Walser
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH-Hönggerberg, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Walser PJ, Haebel PW, Künzler M, Sargent D, Kües U, Aebi M, Ban N. Structure and functional analysis of the fungal galectin CGL2. Structure 2004; 12:689-702. [PMID: 15062091 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2004.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2003] [Revised: 01/30/2004] [Accepted: 02/03/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recognition of and discrimination between potential glyco-substrates is central to the function of galectins. Here we dissect the fundamental parameters responsible for such selectivity by the fungal representative, CGL2. The 2.1 A crystal structure of CGL2 and five substrate complexes reveal that this prototype galectin achieves increased substrate specificity by accommodating substituted oligosaccharides of the mammalian blood group A/B type in an extended binding cleft. Kinetic studies on wild-type and mutant CGL2 proteins demonstrate that the tetrameric organization is essential for functionality. The geometric constraints due to the orthogonal orientation of the four binding sites have important consequences on substrate binding and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piers J Walser
- Institute of Microbiology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Schmelzbergstrasse 7, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland
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Kües U, Walser PJ, Klaus MJ, Aebi M. Influence of activated A and B mating-type pathways on developmental processes in the basidiomycete Coprinus cinereus. Mol Genet Genomics 2002; 268:262-71. [PMID: 12395201 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-002-0745-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2002] [Accepted: 07/31/2002] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The A and B mating type pathways in Coprinus cinereus monokaryons can be activated by transformation with cloned genes from strains of compatible mating types. The presence of heterologous A mating-type genes (Aon) induces production of submerged chlamydospores, hyphal knots and sclerotia in cultures kept in the dark. Upon illumination of transformants of certain strains (218), fruiting body primordia may develop that arrest before karyogamy. Furthermore, formation of aerial spores (oidia) is repressed by the action of A mating type genes in the dark, but light overrides this repression. Heterologous B mating type genes enhance the effects of the A genes on developmental processes, and partially repress the negative action of light on A-mediated regulation of development. Most notably, A-induced fruiting occurs more efficiently and earlier when the B mating type pathway is also active (Bon). However, activation of the B pathway alone is not sufficient to induce fruiting. Unlike A-activated transformants, A+ B-activated transformants of monokaryon 218 form mature fruiting bodies. Therefore, the B genes control fruiting body maturation at the stage of karyogamy. Basidia within the fruiting bodies that were analysed contained four spores in a typical post-meiotic arrangement. In the absence of an activated A mating type pathway, B mating type genes cause deformation and hyperbranching of vegetative hyphae, a reduction in aerial mycelium, and invasion of the agar substrate - a phenotype resembling the "flat" phenotype known from B-activated Schizophyllum commune strains. B-activated transformants usually show enhanced production of chlamydospores and hyphal knots, but maturation of sclerotia is variably efficient. Activation of the B mating type pathway in monokaryons blocked acceptance of nuclei, but not activation of the A mating type pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Kües
- Institut für Mikrobiologie, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 7, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Kertesz-Chaloupková K, Walser PJ, Granado JD, Aebi M, Kües U. Blue Light Overrides Repression of Asexual Sporulation by Mating Type Genes in the Basidiomycete Coprinus cinereus. Fungal Genet Biol 1998; 23:95-109. [PMID: 9514695 DOI: 10.1006/fgbi.1997.1024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Monokaryotic mycelia of the homobasidiomycete Coprinus cinereus form asexual spores (oidia) constitutively in abundant numbers. Mycelia with mutations in both mating type loci (Amut Bmut homokaryons) also produce copious oidia but only when exposed to blue light. We used such an Amut Bmut homokaryon to define environmental and inherent factors that influence the light-induced oidiation process. We show that the Amut function causes repression of oidiation in the dark and that light overrides this effect. Similarly, compatible genes from different haplotypes of the A mating type locus repress sporulation in the dark and not in the light. Compatible products of the B mating type locus reduce the outcome of light on A-mediated repression but the mutated B function present in the Amut Bmut homokaryons is not effective. In dikaryons, the coordinated regulation of asexual sporulation by compatible A and B mating type genes results in moderate oidia production in light. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.
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