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Shen PC, Huang SH, Liu ZM, Lu CC, Chou SH, Tien YC. Suramin ameliorates osteoarthritis by acting on the Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB signaling pathways in chondrocytes and promoting M2 polarization in macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110295. [PMID: 37182454 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA)-the most prevalent of arthritis diseases-is a complicated pathogenesis caused by cartilage degeneration and synovial inflammation. Suramin has been reported to enhance chondrogenic differentiation. However, the therapeutic effect of suramin on OA-induced cartilage destruction has remained unclear. Suramin is an anti-parasitic drug that has potent anti-purinergic properties. This study investigated the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of suramin on articular cartilage degradation using an in vitro study and mice model with post-traumatic OA. We found that suramin markedly suppressed the IL-1β increased expression of matrix destruction proteases-such as ADAMT4, ADAMTS5, MMP3, MMP13, and inflammatory mediators-including the iNOS, COX2, TNFα, and IL-1β; while greatly enhancing the synthesis of cartilage anabolic factors-such as COL2A1, Aggrecan and SOX9 in IL-1β-induced porcine chondrocytes. In vivo experiments showed that intra-articular injection of suramin ameliorated cartilage degeneration and inhibited synovial inflammation in an anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)-induced OA mouse model. In mechanistic studies, we found that exogenous supplementation of suramin can activate Nrf2, and accordingly inhibit the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF- κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, thereby alleviating the inflammation and ECM degeneration of chondrocytes stimulated by IL-1β. In addition, suramin also repolarized M1 macrophages to the M2 phenotype, further reducing the apoptosis of chondrocytes. Collectively, the results of the study suggests that suramin is a potential drugs which could serve as a facilitating drug for the application of OA therapy toward clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chih Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medical School, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hao Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Miao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chang Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medical School, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsiang Chou
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Chun Tien
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medical School, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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Wang TT, Shen PC, Chou SH, Tu PY. Risk Factors for Failure of Pavlik Harness Treatment in Infants With Dislocated Hips That Are Evaluated by Dynamic Sonography. J Pediatr Orthop 2023:01241398-990000000-00275. [PMID: 37104784 DOI: 10.1097/bpo.0000000000002418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Po-Chih Shen
- College of Medicine
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsiang Chou
- College of Medicine
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Pin-Yi Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University
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Liu ZM, Shen PC, Lu CC, Chou SH, Tien YC. Suramin enhances chondrogenic properties by regulating the p67 phox/PI3K/AKT/SOX9 signalling pathway. Bone Joint Res 2022; 11:723-738. [PMID: 36222195 PMCID: PMC9582866 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.1110.bjr-2022-0013.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) is a promising treatment for articular cartilage degeneration and injury; however, it requires a large number of human hyaline chondrocytes, which often undergo dedifferentiation during in vitro expansion. This study aimed to investigate the effect of suramin on chondrocyte differentiation and its underlying mechanism. Methods Porcine chondrocytes were treated with vehicle or various doses of suramin. The expression of collagen, type II, alpha 1 (COL2A1), aggrecan (ACAN); COL1A1; COL10A1; SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9); nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX); interleukin (IL)-1β; tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα); IL-8; and matrix metallopeptidase 13 (MMP-13) in chondrocytes at both messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels was determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. In addition, the supplementation of suramin to redifferentiation medium for the culture of expanded chondrocytes in 3D pellets was evaluated. Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen production were evaluated by biochemical analyses and immunofluorescence, as well as by immunohistochemistry. The expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NOX activity were assessed by luciferase reporter gene assay, immunofluorescence analysis, and flow cytometry. Mutagenesis analysis, Alcian blue staining, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and western blot assay were used to determine whether p67phox was involved in suramin-enhanced chondrocyte phenotype maintenance. Results Suramin enhanced the COL2A1 and ACAN expression and lowered COL1A1 synthesis. Also, in 3D pellet culture GAG and COL2A1 production was significantly higher in pellets consisting of chondrocytes expanded with suramin compared to controls. Surprisingly, suramin also increased ROS generation, which is largely caused by enhanced NOX (p67phox) activity and membrane translocation. Overexpression of p67phox but not p67phoxAD (deleting amino acid (a.a) 199 to 212) mutant, which does not support ROS production in chondrocytes, significantly enhanced chondrocyte phenotype maintenance, SOX9 expression, and AKT (S473) phosphorylation. Knockdown of p67phox with its specific short hairpin (sh) RNA (shRNA) abolished the suramin-induced effects. Moreover, when these cells were treated with the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) inhibitor LY294002 or shRNA of AKT1, p67phox-induced COL2A1 and ACAN expression was significantly inhibited. Conclusion Suramin could redifferentiate dedifferentiated chondrocytes dependent on p67phox activation, which is mediated by the PI3K/AKT/SOX9 signalling pathway. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(10):723–738.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Miao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chih Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chang Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medical School, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsiang Chou
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Chun Tien
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medical School, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Yin-Chun Tien. E-mail:
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Abstract
Flexible flatfoot is the most common condition seen in pediatric orthopedic practice and generalized joint hypermobility is widely regarded as one of the predisposing factors. However, in previous studies, the flatfoot was defined by observers' subjective evaluation of the eversion of the bare foot in the standing position; and the joint hypermobility was defined by the Beighton score. The objective of this study is to evaluate the correlation between preschool-age flexible flatfoot and joint hypermobility in preschool-age children objectively. Footprints were measured on a Harris and Beath footprint mat. Flatfoot flexibility was assessed by Staheli Plantar Arch Index (PAI). Other than the Beighton score, 2 new measurement methods, the thumb-to-forearm test and the thumb-thrust test were developed to evaluate joint hypermobility. Of the 291 preschool children from 4 different kindergarten schools included in this study, 156 were boys and 135 were girls. The mean age was 64.18 ± 9.33 months (range 35-88 months). Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated PAI was not associated with the Beighton score (R = 0.020, P = .735), thumb-to-forearm grade (R = 0.109, P = .066), and thumb-thrust grade (R = 0.027, P = .642). Two-sample t-test results showed that the normal and flatfoot groups did not differ significantly in the Beighton score (P = .404), thumb-to-forearm grade (P = .063), and thumb-thrust grade (P = .449). The results demonstrated no correlation between joint hypermobility and preschool-age flexible flatfoot when flatfoot was defined with Staheli PAI and joint hypermobility with the Beighton score. Even with 2 new methods, the thumb-to-forearm test and thumb-thrust test, to define joint hypermobility, we still found no correlation between preschool-age flexible flatfoot and joint hypermobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chun Tsai
- Department of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Chih
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lung Shih
- Department of Orthopedics, Ditmanson Medical, Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City,Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jung Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chih Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Chun Tien
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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Shen PC, Chou SH, Lu CC, Huang HT, Chien SH, Huang PJ, Liu ZM, Shih CL, Su SJ, Chen LM, Tien YC. Shockwave Treatment Enhanced Extracellular Matrix Production in Articular Chondrocytes Through Activation of the ROS/MAPK/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. Cartilage 2021; 13:238S-253S. [PMID: 34238028 PMCID: PMC8804851 DOI: 10.1177/19476035211012465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Shockwave application is a potential treatment for osteoarthritis (OA), but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Oxidative stress and a counterbalancing antioxidant system might be the key to understanding this mechanism. We hypothesized that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2),which is an important regulator of cellular redox homeostasis, are plausible elements. DESIGN Porcine chondrocytes were cultured in a 3-dimensional pellet model and subjected to shockwaves. The effects of shockwaves with various energy-flux densities on optimal extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis were assessed. ROS, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, and the redox activity of Nrf2 were measured. To investigate the signaling mechanism involved in the shockwave treatment in chondrocytes, specific inhibitors of ROS, MAPK signaling, and Nrf2 activity were targeted. RESULTS Shockwaves increased ECM synthesis without affecting cell viability or proliferation. Furthermore, they induced transient ROS production mainly through xanthine oxidase. The phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 and the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 were activated by shockwaves. By contrast, suppression of ROS signaling mitigated shockwave-induced MAPK phosphorylation, Nrf2 nuclear translocation, and ECM synthesis. Pretreatment of chondrocytes with the specific inhibitors of MEK1/2 and p38, respectively, mitigated the shockwave-induced nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and ECM synthesis. Nrf2 inhibition by both small hairpin RNA knockdown and brusatol reduced the shockwave-enhanced ECM synthesis. CONCLUSIONS Shockwaves activated Nrf2 activity through the induction of transient ROS signaling and subsequently enhanced ECM synthesis in chondrocytes. This study provided fundamental evidence confirming the potential of shockwaves for OA management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chih Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College
of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
| | - Shih-Hsiang Chou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Cheng-Chang Lu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College
of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Municipal Siaoqang Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Hsuan-Ti Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Song-Hsiung Chien
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Peng-Ju Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Zi-Miao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Chia-Lung Shih
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Shu-Jem Su
- Department of Medical Laboratory
Science and Biotechnology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fooyin
University, Kaohsiung
| | - Li-Min Chen
- Departments of Pediatrics, E-DA
Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City
| | - Yin-Chun Tien
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College
of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung,Yin-Chun Tien, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzu-You 1st Road, Kaohsiung
807.
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Chou SH, Li WW, Lu CC, Lin KL, Lin SY, Shen PC, Tien YC, Huang HT. Hybrid versus total sublaminar wires in patients with spinal muscular atrophy undergoing scoliosis surgery. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:867. [PMID: 34635092 PMCID: PMC8507395 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04737-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early versions of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) scoliosis correction surgery often involved sublaminar devices. Recently, the utilization of pedicle screws has gained much popularity. Pedicle screws are generally believed to provide additional deformity correction, but pedicle size and rotational deformity limit their application in the thoracic spine, resulting in a hybrid construct involving pedicle screws and sublaminar wire. Studies of the efficacy of hybrid instrumentation in SMA scoliosis are often limited by the scarcity of the disease itself. In this study, we aimed to compare the surgical outcomes between hybrid constructs involving pedicle screws and sublaminar wire and sublaminar wire alone in patients with SMA scoliosis. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records and radiographic assessments of patients with SMA scoliosis who underwent corrective surgery between 1993 and 2017. The radiographic assessments included deformity correction and progressive changes in the major curve angle, pelvic tilt (PT) and coronal balance (CB). The correction of deformities was observed postoperatively and at the patient’s 2-year follow-up to test the efficacy of each type of construct. Results Thirty-three patients were included in this study. There were 14 and 19 patients in the wiring and hybrid construct groups, respectively. The hybrid construct group demonstrated a higher major curve angle correction (50.5° ± 11.2° vs. 36.4° ± 8.4°, p < 0.001), a higher apical vertebral rotation correction (10.6° ± 3.9° vs. 4.8° ± 2.6°, p < 0.001), and a reduced progression of the major curve angle at the 2-year follow-up (5.1° ± 2.9° vs. 8.7° ± 4.8°, p < 0.001). A moderate correlation was observed between the magnitude of correction of the apical vertebral rotation angle and the major curve (r = 0.528, p = 0.002). Conclusion This study demonstrated that hybrid instrumentation can provide a greater magnitude of correction in major curve and apical rotation as well as less major curve progression than sublaminar wire instrumentation alone in patients with SMA scoliosis. Level of evidence III Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12891-021-04737-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hsiang Chou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Wei Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chang Lu
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Departments of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ling Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Yen Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Departments of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chih Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Chun Tien
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Departments of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Ti Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Departments of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, No. 100, Shiquan 1st Rd., Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
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Chou SH, Lin SY, Shen PC, Tu HP, Huang HT, Shih CL, Lu CC. Pain Control Affects the Radiographic Diagnosis of Segmental Instability in Patients with Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:3984. [PMID: 34501429 PMCID: PMC8432229 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10173984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diagnosing intervertebral instability is crucial for the treatment of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS). Disabling back pain will reduce spinal mobility which leads to an underestimate of the incidence of intervertebral instability. We hypothesized that adequate analgesia could alter the flexion/extension exam performance, and thus increase the diagnostic accuracy of segmental instability. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred patients with low-grade DLS were prospectively enrolled in the before-after cohort study. Standing lateral flexion/extension radiographs of lumbar spines were examined and analyzed before and after intramuscular injections of 30 mg ketorolac. RESULTS Pain score decreased significantly after analgesic injections (p < 0.001). Dynamic slip (DS), dynamic segmental angle (DA), dynamic lumbar lordosis, and slip percentage (SP) were significantly increased after pain reduction (all p < 0.001). According to the diagnostic criteria for segmental instability (DS > 4.5 mm, DA > 15°, or SP > 15%), there were 4%, 4%, and 0.7% of total motion segments fulfilling the criteria which markedly increased to 42%, 32%, and 16.7% after analgesia was administered. The incidence of instability also increased from 6% to 38% after analgesia. CONCLUSIONS The diagnosis rate of intervertebral instability is commonly underestimated in the presence of low back pain. This short-term pain relief facilitates reliable functional imaging adding to the diagnosis of intervertebral instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hsiang Chou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (S.-H.C.); (S.-Y.L.); (P.-C.S.); (H.-T.H.)
- Orthopaedic Research Centre, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Yen Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (S.-H.C.); (S.-Y.L.); (P.-C.S.); (H.-T.H.)
- Orthopaedic Research Centre, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopaedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chih Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (S.-H.C.); (S.-Y.L.); (P.-C.S.); (H.-T.H.)
- Orthopaedic Research Centre, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Pin Tu
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Hsuan-Ti Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (S.-H.C.); (S.-Y.L.); (P.-C.S.); (H.-T.H.)
- Orthopaedic Research Centre, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopaedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lung Shih
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City 600, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Chang Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (S.-H.C.); (S.-Y.L.); (P.-C.S.); (H.-T.H.)
- Orthopaedic Research Centre, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopaedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Abstract
Aims Interleukin (IL)-1β is one of the major pathogenic regulators during the pathological development of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). However, effective treatment options for IDD are limited. Suramin is used to treat African sleeping sickness. This study aimed to investigate the pharmacological effects of suramin on mitigating IDD and to characterize the underlying mechanism. Methods Porcine nucleus pulposus (NP) cells were treated with vehicle, 10 ng/ml IL-1β, 10 μM suramin, or 10 μM suramin plus IL-1β. The expression levels of catabolic and anabolic proteins, proinflammatory cytokines, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and nuclear factor (NF)-κB-related signalling molecules were assessed by Western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and immunofluorescence analysis. Flow cytometry was applied to detect apoptotic cells. The ex vivo effects of suramin were examined using IDD organ culture and differentiation was analyzed by Safranin O-Fast green and Alcian blue staining. Results Suramin inhibited IL-1β-induced apoptosis, downregulated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3, MMP-13, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)-4, and ADAMTS-5, and upregulated collagen 2A (Col2a1) and aggrecan in IL-1β-treated NP cells. IL-1β-induced inflammation, assessed by IL-1β, IL-8, and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) upregulation, was alleviated by suramin treatment. Suramin suppressed IL-1β-mediated proteoglycan depletion and the induction of MMP-3, ADAMTS-4, and pro-inflammatory gene expression in ex vivo experiments. Conclusion Suramin administration represents a novel and effectively therapeutic approach, which could potentially alleviate IDD by reducing extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and inhibiting apoptosis and inflammatory responses in the NP cells. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(8):498–513.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Miao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chang Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medical School, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chih Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsiang Chou
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lung Shih
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Chih Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yin Chun Tien
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medical School, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Su HC, Chou SH, Ho HY, Lu CC, Tien YC, Shih CL, Liu ZM, Shen PC, Huang PJ. Management of nonunion of humeral medial condyle fracture: A case series and review of the literature. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2021; 28:2309499020921755. [PMID: 32406306 DOI: 10.1177/2309499020921755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric humeral medial condyle fracture (HMCF) is a rare condition and is difficult to detect, especially in young children. The management of late presentation of HMCF is challenging and lacks consensus. Herein, we reported four cases of HMCF nonunion received open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) or supracondyle osteotomy from our institution. In addition, 12 cases of ORIF and 4 cases of osteotomy reported in the previous studies were also reviewed. The HMCF nonunion can heal after ORIF, but the indication and the optimal techniques need to be clarified. Supracondylar osteotomy alone is an effective and safe treatment option to improve the functional and cosmetic outcomes of HMCF nonunion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang-Chia Su
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsiang Chou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Ho
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chang Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Chun Tien
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lung Shih
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Miao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chih Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Ju Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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10
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Shen PC, Gao ZQ, Li DY, Tang Z. [Effect of sorafenib and prophylactic TACE for prevention of postoperative relapse in patients with liver cancer combined with microvascular invasion]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2020; 28:416-420. [PMID: 32536058 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20190917-00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the effect of sorafenib and prophylactic transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for prevention of postoperative relapse in patients with liver cancer combined with microvascular invasion (MVI) after using radical hepatectomy. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 137 cases that underwent radical hepatectomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from August 2015 to January 2018. Clinical data of liver cancer patients with MVI were diagnosed by postoperative pathology. General data of the three groups were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier was used to calculate the tumor-free survival rate. COX proportional hazards-model was used to analyze the independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence of liver cancer with MVI recurrence. Counting data was compared by x(2) test between groups, and log-rank test was used to compare the tumor-free survival rates. Results: A, B, and C groups had 49, 36, and 52 cases, respectively. General clinicopathological data of the three groups were not statistically significant. The postoperative tumor-free survival rates at 1-, 2-, and 3-years were 71.4%, 51.0%, 38.8%, 86.1%, 75.0%, 66.7%, and 82.7%, 75.0%, and 59.6% respectively in A, B, and C groups. Multivariate Cox proportional-hazards regression model showed that patients' age (HR = 0.622, P = 0.046), maximum tumor diameter (HR = 1.661, P = 0.033), prophylactic TACE (HR = 0.544, P = 0.019), and postoperative use of sorafenib (HR = 0.419, 0.222, 0.791, P = 0.007) were independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence of liver cancer with MVI. Conclusion: Sorafenib or prophylactic TACE use can significantly reduce the recurrence rate within 3 years after radical surgery in patients with liver cancer who were confirmed to have MVI by postoperative pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Shen
- Hepatological Surgery Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Z Q Gao
- Hepatological Surgery Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - D Y Li
- Hepatological Surgery Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Z Tang
- Hepatological Surgery Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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11
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Lu CC, Chou SH, Shen PC, Chou PH, Ho ML, Tien YC. Extracorporeal shock wave promotes activation of anterior cruciate ligament remnant cells and their paracrine regulation of bone marrow stromal cells' proliferation, migration, collagen synthesis, and differentiation. Bone Joint Res 2020; 9:458-468. [PMID: 32832074 PMCID: PMC7418778 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.98.bjr-2019-0365.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Proliferation, migration, and differentiation of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) remnant and surrounding cells are fundamental processes for ACL reconstruction; however, the interaction between ACL remnant and surrounding cells is unclear. We hypothesized that ACL remnant cells preserve the capability to regulate the surrounding cells' activity, collagen gene expression, and tenogenic differentiation. Moreover, extracorporeal shock wave (ESW) would not only promote activity of ACL remnant cells, but also enhance their paracrine regulation of surrounding cells. Methods Cell viability, proliferation, migration, and expression levels of Collagen-I (COL-I) A1, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were compared between ACL remnant cells untreated and treated with ESW (0.15 mJ/mm2, 1,000 impulses, 4 Hz). To evaluate the subsequent effects on the surrounding cells, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs)' viability, proliferation, migration, and levels of Type I Collagen, Type III Collagen, and tenogenic gene (Scx, TNC) expression were investigated using coculture system. Results ESW-treated ACL remnant cells presented higher cell viability, proliferation, migration, and increased expression of COL-I A1, TGF-β, and VEGF. BMSC proliferation and migration rate significantly increased after coculture with ACL remnant cells with and without ESW stimulation compared to the BMSCs alone group. Furthermore, ESW significantly enhanced ACL remnant cells' capability to upregulate the collagen gene expression and tenogenic differentiation of BMSCs, without affecting cell viability, TGF-β, and VEGF expression. Conclusion ACL remnant cells modulated activity and differentiation of surrounding cells. The results indicated that ESW enhanced ACL remnant cells viability, proliferation, migration, and expression of collagen, TGF-β, VEGF, and paracrine regulation of BMSC proliferation, migration, collagen expression, and tenogenesis.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(8):458-468.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chang Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsiang Chou
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chih Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsi Chou
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Ho
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Chun Tien
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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12
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Shen PC, Chou SH, Lu CC, Fu YC, Lu CK, Liu WC, Huang PJ, Tien YC, Shih CL. Comparative effectiveness of various treatment strategies for trigger finger by pairwise meta-analysis. Clin Rehabil 2020; 34:1217-1229. [PMID: 32539454 DOI: 10.1177/0269215520932619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of various strategies in the treatment of trigger finger. DATA SOURCES A systematic literature search for randomized controlled trials to compare treatments for trigger finger was conducted through three online databases, Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane Library, from their inception dates to 22 May 2020. METHODS Relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to evaluate the effect sizes in success rate for included articles. RESULTS Sixteen articles (n = 1185) were included in our meta-analysis. The results showed that the efficacy of steroid injection was significantly better than the placebo group at short-term follow-ups (RR = 19.00, 95% CI = 1.17-309.77 for one-week; RR = 3.70, 95% CI = 3.70, 95% CI = 1.61-8.53 for one-month), and then became non-significant at four months (RR = 3.21, 95% CI = 0.88-11.79). There was no significant difference in success rate between steroid injection and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug injection, and between open surgery and percutaneous release at all the follow-ups. Only surgical treatment had significantly better efficacy in success rate than steroid injection at all follow-ups (RR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.34-0.66 for one-month; RR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.80-0.96 for three-month; RR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.48-0.68 for six-month; RR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.20-0.72 for 12-month). CONCLUSION There were no differences in efficacy between steroid injection and shockwave or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug injection. The surgical treatments had the best efficacy among these treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chih Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
| | - Shih-Hsiang Chou
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
| | - Cheng-Chang Lu
- College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung.,Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Yin-Chih Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung.,College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
| | - Chun-Kuan Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
| | - Wen-Chih Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung.,Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Peng-Ju Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung.,College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
| | - Yin-Chun Tien
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung.,College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
| | - Chia-Lung Shih
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
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13
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Chen CH, Kuo SM, Tien YC, Shen PC, Kuo YW, Huang HH. Steady Augmentation of Anti-Osteoarthritic Actions of Rapamycin by Liposome-Encapsulation in Collaboration with Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:3771-3790. [PMID: 32547027 PMCID: PMC7266395 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s252223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Rapamycin has been considered as a potential treatment for osteoarthritis (OA). Drug carriers fabricated from liposomes can prolong the effects of drugs and reduce side effects of drugs. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been found to possess anti-OA effects. Materials and Methods The anti-osteoarthritic effects of liposome-encapsulated rapamycin (L-rapa) combined with LIPUS were examined by culture of normal and OA chondrocytes in alginate beads and further validated in OA prone Dunkin-Hartley guinea pigs. Results L-rapa with LIPUS largely up-regulated aggrecan and type II collagen mRNA in human OA chondrocytes (HOACs). L-rapa with LIPUS caused significant enhancement in proteoglycan and type II collagen production in HOACs. Large decreases in both MMP-13 and IL-6 proteins were found in the HOACs exposed to L-rapa with LIPUS. Intra-articular injection of 40 μL L-rapa at both 5 μM and 50 μM twice a week combined with LIPUS thrice a week for 8 weeks significantly increased GAGs and type II collagen in the cartilage of knee. Results on OARSI score showed that intra-articular injection of 5 μM L-rapa with LIPUS displayed the greatest anti-OA effects. Immunohistochemistry revealed that L-rapa with or without LIPUS predominantly reduced MMP-13 in vivo. The values of complete blood count and serum biochemical examinations remained in the normal ranges after the injections with or without LIPUS. These data indicated that intra-articular injection of L-rapa collaborated with LIPUS is not only effective against OA but a safe OA therapy. Conclusion Taken together, L-rapa combined with LIPUS possessed the most consistently and effectively anabolic and anti-catabolic effects in HOACs and the spontaneous OA guinea pigs. This study evidently revealed that liposome-encapsulation collaborated with LIPUS is able to reduce the effective dose and administration frequency of rapamycin and further stably reinforce its therapeutic actions against OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hwan Chen
- Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital and Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City 80424, Taiwan
| | - Shyh Ming Kuo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Chun Tien
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chih Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Kuo
- Orthopedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan
| | - Han Hsiang Huang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 60054, Taiwan
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14
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Shih CL, Shen PC, Lu CC, Liu ZM, Tien YC, Huang PJ, Chou SH. A comparison of efficacy among different radiofrequency ablation techniques for the treatment of lumbar facet joint and sacroiliac joint pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2020; 195:105854. [PMID: 32353665 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.105854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of different radiofrequency techniques (thermal, pulsed, and cooled radiofrequency) for treating lumbar facet joint (LFJ) or sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain. PATIENTS AND METHODS The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) age > 18 years; (2) patients suffering from LFJ or SIJ pain; and (3) patients receiving radiofrequency treatments. Four electronic databases, including Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ISI Web of Knowledge were systematically searched from inception until December 2019 for relevant articles. The search was conducted on 2 January 2020. When the outcomes among articles showed heterogeneity, then a random-effects model was adopted to calculate the effect size; otherwise, a fixed-effects model was adopted. RESULTS All the three techniques showed significant improvements in LFJ or SIJ pain for up to 12 months compared with the baseline level. However, no significant differences among the three techniques were observed at any follow-up visits except for possibly a trend for variance in efficacy. For treating LFJ pain, cooled radiofrequency was the most effective, followed by thermal radiofrequency and then pulsed radiofrequency as the least respectively for the follow-up visit at 6 months. No serious complications were reported after receiving treatment using the three techniques. CONCLUSION Sequentially, cooled radiofrequency followed by thermal radiofrequency and then pulsed radiofrequency for treating LFJ pain were identified as most to least effective at the 6-month follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Lung Shih
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chih Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chang Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Miao Liu
- College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Chun Tien
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Ju Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsiang Chou
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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15
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Lu WL, Shen PC, Lee CH, Su YT, Chen LM. High Risk of Early Cataracts in Young Type 1 Diabetes Group: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Int J Endocrinol 2020; 2020:8160256. [PMID: 33133186 PMCID: PMC7568800 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8160256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients results in ocular problems over time, but only a few studies emphasized on cataracts. AIM To evaluate the epidemiology of cataracts in the T1D population. METHOD A two-part study was conducted using data from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. Information from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database (LHID) was served as a template of the general population. In the first part, a total of 3,622 T1D cases registered between 1998 and 2007 were enrolled and compared with a matched group from the LHID. For identifying risk factors of cataracts in the T1D population in the second part, a total of 9032 T1D cases registered between 1998 and 2013 were included. RESULT Compared to the LHID, the hazard ratio (HR) of cataracts in the T1D group was 5.81 (95% CI 4.60-7.33), and the HR was higher in females (6.29, 95% CI 4.63-8.55). The peak incidence of cataracts occurred between age 20 and 29 in the T1D group, while in the LHID, it was after 60. The overall incidence of cataracts in the T1D group was 9.1%. In T1D patients with cataracts, they were found with higher rates of associated diabetic complications. CONCLUSION Compared to the nondiabetic population, cataracts seemed more rampant and premature in T1D patients, especially those of female gender. Early ophthalmologic examination should be considered in T1D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Li Lu
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chih Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hao Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tsun Su
- Department of Pediatrics, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Min Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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16
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Chen ST, Kang L, Wang CZ, Huang PJ, Huang HT, Lin SY, Chou SH, Lu CC, Shen PC, Lin YS, Chen CH. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Decreases Osteoclastogenesis via Modulation of RANKL and Osteoprotegrin. Molecules 2019; 24:E156. [PMID: 30609798 PMCID: PMC6337469 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is the second most common epidemiologic disease in the aging population worldwide. Previous studies have found that frequent tea drinkers have higher bone mineral density and less hip fracture. We previously found that (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) (20⁻100 µmol/L) significantly suppressed receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis and pit formation via inhibiting NF-κB transcriptional activity and nuclear transport of NF-κB in RAW 264.7 cells and murine primary bone marrow macrophage cells. The most important regulation in osteoclastogenesis is the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB/RANKL/osteoprotegrin (RANK/RANKL/OPG) pathway. In this study, we used the coculture of RAW 264.7 cells and the feeder cells, ST2, to evaluate how EGCG regulated the RANK/RANKL/OPG pathway in RAW 264.7 cells and ST2 cells. We found EGCG decreased the RANKL/OPG ratio in both mRNA expression and secretory protein levels and eventually decreased osteoclastogenesis by TRAP (+) stain osteoclasts and TRAP activity at low concentrations-1 and 10 µmol/L-via the RANK/RANKL/OPG pathway. The effective concentration can be easily achieved in daily tea consumption. Taken together, our results implicate that EGCG could be an important nutrient in modulating bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Tse Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin Chu 30059, Taiwan.
| | - Lin Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Chau-Zen Wang
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan.
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan.
| | - Peng-Ju Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan.
- Departments of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan.
| | - Hsuan-Ti Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan.
- Departments of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, No.68, Zhonghua 3rd Rd., Qianjin Dist., Kaohsiung City 80145, Taiwan.
| | - Sung-Yen Lin
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Hsiang Chou
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Chang Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan.
- Departments of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Chih Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Shan Lin
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Hwan Chen
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan.
- Departments of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, No.68, Zhonghua 3rd Rd., Qianjin Dist., Kaohsiung City 80145, Taiwan.
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17
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Lo H, Shen PY, Shen PC, Chou PH, Lu CC. The Elbow Technique: A Novel Reduction Technique for Anterior Shoulder Dislocations. J Emerg Med 2018; 56:201-204. [PMID: 30527562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint is a common upper extremity injury in orthopedic and emergency medicine. The aim of this study was to introduce a novel reduction technique, "elbow technique," for anterior shoulder dislocations. DISCUSSION This study included 26 patients with anterior shoulder dislocation who were treated using the elbow technique in our hospital's emergency department between October 2014 and December 2015. One orthopedic physician performed the reduction maneuver and the vast majority of the patients were sedated. Patients who presented with posterior shoulder dislocation, remained dislocated for more than 7 days, who had Neer three or four parts proximal humerus fractures, and who had received previous shoulder surgery were excluded from this study. Twenty-one dislocations (80% of the patients) were primary. Six patients (23% of the dislocations) had associated fractures of the greater tuberosity. All of the patients were successfully reduced with the elbow technique. Mean time for reduction was 5 s (range 3-69 s). No iatrogenic fractures or neurovascular injuries were noted after the reductions. CONCLUSIONS The elbow technique involves traction, leverage, pulsion, and can be performed by a single operator. The elbow technique is a safe, elegant, simple, effective, fast, and gentle reduction procedure for anterior shoulder dislocations in the emergency department.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honlok Lo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yin Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chih Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsi Chou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Sports Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chang Lu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Liu ZM, Shen PC, Lu CC, Chou SH, Tien YC. Characterization of the Proliferating Layer Chondrocytes of Growth Plate for Cartilage Regeneration. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 25:364-378. [PMID: 30141377 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT In recent years, cell-based therapy is a promising strategy for repairing defect cartilage. However, in vitro expansion of articular chondrocytes (ACs) for collecting enough cell numbers eventually develops cell de-differentiation. In the present study, we choose the proliferative layer chondroctytes (PLCs) of growth plate as new candidate. The novel findings include (1) the higher proliferation potential of PLCs in comparison with the ACs, (2) PLCs produced more GAG than ACs, (3) the increased in GAG matrix production, (4) and lower senescence in PLCs. From these results, we found PLCs might be suitable as cell source for cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Miao Liu
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chih Shen
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chang Lu
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,2 Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medical School, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsiang Chou
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Chun Tien
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,2 Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medical School, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Xin W, Shen PC, Zheng CC, Liu Y, Xu D. [Effect of simplified and traditional Chinese character on accommodative microfluctuation in young adult myopes and emmetropes]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2018; 54:288-293. [PMID: 29747359 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study investigates the effect of simplified and traditional Chinese character on accommodative microfluctuation in young adult myopes and emmetropes. Methods: Prospective cohort study. Based on refractive errors, Young adult candidates (18-28 years) were classified into two groups based on their spherical equivalent degrees: emmetropes (n=18), myopes (n=18). Four different reading targets (12pt size simplified and traditional Chinese characters, and 8pt size simplified and traditional Chinese characters) were displayed on computer screen collectively for 135s. The accommodative microfluctuation of the candidates were measured using the free space Grand-Seiko WAM-5500 autorefractor. Results: The results indicated that the type of character (simplified and traditional) had significant influence on accommodative microfluctuation. For myopic candidates, the accommodative microfluctuation for traditional Chinese character was greater than that for simplified Chinese character [traditional Chinese character: (0.35±0.17) D, vs. simplified Chinese character: (0.29±0.11) D, t=2.556, P=0.017], however as for emmetropic candidates, the difference between the accommodative microflucuation for the two types of characters was of no statistical significance [traditional Chinese character: (0.24±0.11) D, vs. simplified Chinese character: (0.24±0.12) D, t=0.004, P=0.996]. There was a difference between emmetropic and myopic candidates in terms of accommodative microfluctuation for traditional Chinese character, myopes had greater accommodative microfluctuation than emmetropes (t=3.140, P=0.02). However the difference between emmetropic and myopic candidates in terms of accommodative microfluctuation for simplified Chinese character was of no statistical significance (t=1.866, P=0.066). Conclusions: The results of the study indicated that myopes were more susceptible than emmetropic in accommodative microfluctuation when reading traditional Chinese character of high spatial frequency. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2018, 54: 288-293).
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Affiliation(s)
- W Xin
- Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710000, China
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20
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Shen PC, Chou SH, Chen JC, Chen SJ, Tien YC. An Innovative Anchoring Technique for Anterior Transfer of the Tibialis Posterior Tendon. J Foot Ankle Surg 2018; 56:478-483. [PMID: 28268142 DOI: 10.1053/j.jfas.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Favorable results have been reported for tibialis posterior tendon transfers, which can effectively restore the dorsiflexion of the ankle and normal heel-to-toe gait. However, the commonly used methods for anchoring the transplanted tendon have some drawbacks. Therefore, we developed a new tendon-anchoring method to improve fixation of the transferred tendon and reduce the related complications. The new method entails tying the anchoring suture to the navicular bone instead of the button on the plantar foot to avoid wound complications. It requires no additional skin incisions or special equipment. We retrospectively evaluated 24 feet of 19 pediatric patients (13 [68.4%] females and 6 [31.6%] males) who had undergone anterior transfer of the tibialis posterior tendon with our new method from 2000 to 2013. All patients were clinically followed up. At the final follow-up visit, they were evaluated while standing and walking, and the range of motion of the foot was evaluated. The mean age at surgery was 7.8 (range 2 to 16) years. At the longest follow-up point, all the patients exhibited improved gait, except for 1 patient who required a secondary procedure. All the transferred tibialis posterior tendons could be palpated with certainty during active dorsiflexion or withdrawal of the foot. No tendon displacements, wound infections, or postoperative complications were observed. Fixation of a transferred tibialis posterior tendon by tying the suture to the navicular bone is simple and reliable. This technique can efficiently prevent the plantar ulcers that can develop with the traditional pull-out button method and provides a solution when appropriate-size bioabsorbable interference screws are unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chih Shen
- Orthopedic Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Orthopedic Surgeon, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsiang Chou
- Orthopedic Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Chih Chen
- Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jung Chen
- Orthopedic Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Chun Tien
- Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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21
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Shen PC, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Jiang J, Xu JJ, Lin HL, Xu D. [Study on the difference of binocular accommodative response between atients with intermittent exotropia under different viewing condition]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2018; 54:55-61. [PMID: 29429288 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the accommodative response of patients with intermittent exotropia (IXT) objectively, and study the changes of accommodative response of intermittent exotropia patients when maintaining binocular fusion. Methods: The prospective cohort study was used in this study. Twenty-four patients diagnosed with basic intermittent exotropia who visited the eye hospital of Wenzhou Medical University during October 2016 through January 2017 together with 24 normal volunteers were included, the 48 participants aged from 10 to 27 years old. The participants were divided into the case group and the control group. There were 11 males and 13 females in the case group, and 7 males and 17 females in the control group. The Open-filed autorefractor WAM-5500 (Grand Seiko, Japan) was used to measure the accommodative response of each eye under binocular and monocular viewing conditions at 5 m and 40 cm respectively. During the measurement, patients wore full correction spectacles to achieve distant best-corrected visual acuity of both eyes. The accommodative responses of each eye under binocular and monocular viewing conditions at distance or near between fellow eyes and groups were compared. Results: Under near fixation (40cm) binocular viewing conditions, the accommodative response of the fixating eye (-1.915±0.301)D was different from the deviating eye -1.649(-2.020, -0.304)D in the case group (Z=-3.714, P<0.001). Under near fixation monocular viewing conditions, the accommodative response of the fixating eye (-1.653±0.271)D was also different from the deviating eye -1.565 (-2.031, -0.667)D in the case group (Z=-2.971, P=0.003). During binocular viewing, the asymmetric value of the accommodative response between both eyes of the case group was 0.389(0.102, 1.458)D which was more significant than the normal controls' 0.155(0.009, 0.573)D (Z=-3.505, P<0.001), but during monocular viewing, there was no significant difference between the groups (Z=-1.908, P=0.056). Under near viewing conditions, the variation value of the fixating eyes of the case group was -0.228(-0.796, 0.382)D, which was greater than the variation value -0.086(-0.606, 0.628)D of the right eye of the normal controls, such difference is of statistical significance (Z=-2.279, P=0.023). Under distance viewing conditions, there was no significant difference in the accommodative response between fixating eyes and deviating eyes in case group neither during monocular viewing nor binocular viewing (t=-1.525, -1.729, P>0.05). Besides, the asymmetric values of accommodative response between groups were not significantly different (Z=-1.433, P=0.152. Z=-0.938, P=0.348). Under distance viewing conditions, the changes in accommodative response of each eye during both monocular viewing and binocular viewing were not significantly different between case group and normal controls (Z=-0.041, P=0.967. Z=-1.433, P=0.152). Conclusions: The accommodative responses of the fixating eye and deviating eye of patients with intermittent exotropia were asymmetric under near fixation binocular viewing conditions, and the accommodative response of the deviating eye tends to decrease. Besides, the change of accommodative response of the patients with intermittent exotropia when maintaining binocular fusion is more significant than that of the normal controls. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2018, 54: 55-61).
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Shen
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
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Lo H, Liu PC, Shen PC, Chen SK, Cheng YM, Lu CC. Irreducible metatarsophalangeal joint dislocation of the lesser toes: a case report. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2014; 103:236-40. [PMID: 23697731 DOI: 10.7547/1030236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Irreducible metatarsophalangeal joint dislocation of the lesser toes is a rare injury. We present a 37-year-old man who was injured in a motorcycle accident and dislocated the first to third metatarsophalangeal joints and fractured the fourth metatarsal head. The left first metatarsophalangeal joint was reduced successfully through the closed method, but multiple attempts at closed reduction under local anesthesia failed to reduce the dislocated second and third metatarsophalangeal joints. We performed a dorsal incision between the second and third metatarsals, and the metatarsal heads were found to be entrapped under the plantar plate. Dislocation reduction was performed without damage to the plantar plate, and one Kirschner wire was used to fix the fourth metatarsal head fracture. The pin was removed 8 weeks after surgery, and the patient regained normal gait and returned to work and his previous physical activity level without recurrent dislocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honlok Lo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Shen PC, Lee SN, Liu BT, Chu FH, Wang CH, Wu JS, Lin HH, Cheng WTK. The effect of activation treatments on the development of reconstructed bovine oocytes. Anim Reprod Sci 2007; 106:1-12. [PMID: 17482390 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2007.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2006] [Revised: 03/12/2007] [Accepted: 03/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different activation treatments on the development of IVM-derived and cloned bovine embryos. The effect of oocyte age (20h versus 24h after IVM) on the blastocyst rate was also investigated. No differences in the percentage of blastocyst development were observed between the oocytes matured for 20 and 24h (15% versus 27%, p>0.05). Reconstructed oocytes activated 4h after fusion (fusion before activation, FBA) had a higher blastocyst rate than those oocytes activated immediately after electrofusion (fusion and activation simultaneously, FAS) (26% versus 5%, p<0.01). Blastocyst rates were significantly greater (p<0.01) for the reconstructed oocytes activated by calcium ionophore (A23187) combined with 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) (51.6%) than for those activated with cycloheximide (CHX) plus cytochalasin B (CB) treatment (1h, 8.2%; 5h, 14.3%). However, the blastocyst rates were similar among reconstructed oocytes activated by electric pulses and A23187 (30.5% versus 42.2%) or by A23187 and ionomycin (36.7% versus 33.3%) combined with 6-DMAP, respectively. Blastocysts that developed from reconstructed oocytes activated by A23187 and 6-DMAP resulted in three pregnancies (3/9) and one live birth from 18 embryos transferred to recipient cows. Genotypic analysis of six bovine microsatellite markers by polymerase chain reaction confirmed that the cloned calf was genetically identical to the nuclear donor. In conclusion, reconstructed oocytes that derived from oocytes exposed to activation treatment 4h after electrofusion are more likely to develop to the blastocyst stage. The best treatment to activate reconstructed bovine oocytes in this study was A23187 combined with 6-DMAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Shen
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan, ROC
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Shen PC, Lee SN, Wu JS, Huang JC, Chu FH, Chang CC, Kung JC, Lin HH, Chen LR, Shiau JW, Yen NT, Cheng WTK. The effect of electrical field strength on activation and development of cloned caprine embryos. Anim Reprod Sci 2006; 92:310-20. [PMID: 16159700 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2005.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2004] [Revised: 04/12/2005] [Accepted: 05/10/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The activation procedure used in nuclear transfer (NT) is one of the critical factors affecting the efficiency of animal cloning. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of two electrical field strengths (EFS) for activation on the developmental competence of caprine NT embryos reconstructed from ear skin fibroblasts of adult Alpine does. The NT embryos were obtained by transfer of the quiescent fibroblasts at the fourth passage into the enucleated metaphase II (M II) oocytes. Four to five hours after electrical fusion, the NT-embryos were activated by EFS either at 1.67 or at 2.33 kV/cm and immediately incubated in 6-DMAP (2 mM) for 4 h. The cleavage rate of the NT-embryos activated with 2.33 kV/cm was greater than that activated with 1.67 kV/cm after in vitro culture for 18 h (65.6% versus 19.6%, p < 0.001). No pregnancy was found in 14 recipient does after transferring 51 NT embryos at 1-2 cell stages activated with 1.67 kV/cm. In contrast, two of the seven recipients were pregnant and gave birth to three kids after transferring 61 NT embryos at 1-2 cell stages activated by 2.33 kV/cm. The birth weights of three cloned kids were within the normal range of Alpine goats. However, one kid died 1h after birth while the remaining two are still healthy. DNA analysis by polymerase chain reaction (single-strand conformation polymorphism, SSCP) confirmed that the three kids were genetically identical to the nuclear donor.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Shen
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan, ROC
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Kuo YT, Jaw TS, Wang CK, Lee LW, Shen PC, Liu GC. Diagnostic efficacy of non-breath-hold magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. J Formos Med Assoc 1999; 98:97-103. [PMID: 10083764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is an emerging imaging technique for direct visualization of biliary and pancreatic ducts without the need for an invasive procedure, ionizing radiation, or iodine contrast media administration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of non-breath-hold MRCP in depicting normal and diseased biliary and pancreatic ducts. A retrospective analysis of 162 patients who underwent MRCP was performed, and a comparison between MRCP and direct cholangiography was made. The overall accuracy of MRCP in diagnosing malignant and benign pancreaticobiliary diseases was also calculated. MRCP depicted more than three hepatic segments in 99% of patients with dilated intrahepatic ducts and in 63% of patients with nondilated intrahepatic ducts. MRCP demonstrated the main hepatic duct, gallbladder, and cystic duct in 100%, 89%, and 72% of patients, respectively. The dilated extrahepatic duct, nondilated extrahepatic duct, dilated pancreatic duct, and nondilated pancreatic duct were visualized in 100%, 98%, 95%, and 77% of patients, respectively. The accuracy of MRCP in diagnosing hepatolithiasis, cholecystolithiasis, and choledocholithiasis was 96%, 97%, and 96%, respectively. The obstruction levels and characteristics determined by MRCP were in agreement with those determined from direct cholangiography in 98% of malignant obstructions and 89% of benign obstructions. The overall accuracy of a combination of MRCP and conventional magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosing pancreaticobiliary diseases was 81% for malignant diseases, 86% for benign diseases, and 82% for stone diseases. We conclude that non-breath-hold MRCP can reliably depict normal and diseased pancreaticobiliary ducts except for cystic ducts and nondilated pancreatic ducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Kuo
- Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Medical College, Taiwan
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