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Li ZZ, Yao QX, Wang H, Li ZP, Yu DZ. [Vertigo in children:composition and clinical characteristics]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019; 33:481-484. [PMID: 31163516 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore composition and characteristics of vertigo in children. Method:The diagnosis, medical history and examinations of 46 patients (≤17 years old) with vertigo were studied retrospectively. Result:Of the 46 children patients with vertigo enrolled in this study, 19 patients were with BPVC(41.3%), 11 patients with VM(23.9%),4 patients with BPPV(8.7%), 3 patients with unclassifiable vestibular syndrome(6.5%), 2 patients with Meniere's disease (4.3%), 1 patient with sudden deafness with vertigo, 1 patient with labyrinthitis, 1 patient with vestibular paroxysmal, 1 patient with vestibular neuritis, 1 patient with head trauma, 1 patient with light cupula, 1 patient with benign paroxysmal torticollis (2.2%, respectively). The statistical analysis was conducted among 4 kinds of the most common causes of vertigo in children. There was no significant differences in sex composition among different groups(P>0.05). The mean age and mean age of onset in patients with BPVC were the youngest(P<0.05). Headache was complained more often in patients with VM(P<0.05) and there was no difference in other accompanying symptoms (such as nausea, vomiting and tinnitus) among each groups(P>0.05).Most patients with VM had family history of vertigo or migraine, but not in patients with VM and patients with BPVC(P>0.05). Conclusion:The most common vertigo in children were BPVC, VM and BPPV. The medical history, physical examinations and vestibular function tests can help doctors to diagnose more correctly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Z Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Q X Yao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - H Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Z P Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - D Z Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
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Huang SY, Fan YM, Chen K, Yao QX, Yang B. Seroprevalence and risk assessment of Toxoplasma gondii in Java sparrows (Lonchura oryzivora) in China. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:129. [PMID: 31060566 PMCID: PMC6501384 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1888-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular zoonotic parasite, infects all mammalian and birds. Understanding the prevalence of Toxoplasma in bird is important for evaluating the transmission of this parasite. No information about the seroprevalence of T. gondii in Java sparrows (Lonchura oryzivora) is available. RESULTS In this study, from 2014 to 2015, 350 serum samples from Java sparrows were collected in Beijing and Shangqiu, Henan province, and the antibodies against T. gondii were evaluated with MAT. The seroprevalence in Java sparrows was 34.29% (CI95% 29.31-39.26). A phenomenon of seropositivity tended to increase with age were observed, but the difference is not significant. The prevalence was significant different in gender and color, which could be risk factors. CONCLUSIONS This study firstly reported T. gondii seroprevalence in Java sparrows, which extended the host range of T. gondii. Java sparrows may pose significant transmission medium, accelerating the spread of T. gondii diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yang Huang
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi-Min Fan
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Xia Yao
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yang
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, People's Republic of China
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Lv T, Yao QX, Wang H, Luo Q, Yu DZ, Shi HB, Yin SK. [Characteristics of Dix-Hallpike test induced nystagmus]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 32:1086-1090. [PMID: 30550153 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2018.14.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To retrospectively analyze the characteristics of 100 cases with Dix-Hallpike test induced nystagmus, especially the vertical downward component.Method:One hundred cases with positive Dix-Hallpike test between December 2017 and January 2018 were included in this study. Dix-Hallpike test and roll test were performed in all patients, and the max slow phase velocity (SPV), latency and duration of positional nystagmus were analyzed with SPSS 22.0 software.Result:According to the difference in the direction and duration of the nystagmus in the head-hanging position on Dix-Hallpike test, 100 patients were classified into 9 types. When only the vertical components were considered, 56 cases presented with bilateral or unilateral vertical upward component, among which 52 cases had unilateral torsional with vertical upward component, 4 cases had bilateral torsional with vertical upward component; 7 cases presented with vertically upward in one side and the vertically downward in the other side; 47 cases presented with bilateral or unilateral vertical downward component. In addition, 8 cases showed the reverse phase nystagmus. Of the 100 patients with positive Dix-hallpike, 20 cases were positive in roll test and 5 cases showing horizontal nystagmus and 15 cases showing torsional and vertical nystagmus.Conclusion:Vertical component in the positional nystagmus was common, and care should be taken to interpret the nystagmus into the underlying disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Lv
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Q X Yao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Q Luo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - D Z Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - H B Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - S K Yin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
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Lyu T, Wang H, Yao QX, Luo Q, Yu DZ. [The downbeat nystagmus in 2 cases with unilateral Meniere's disease]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 32:1751-1753. [PMID: 30716811 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2018.22.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We retrospectively analyzed 2 patients of unilateral Meniere's disease with downbeat nystagmus. Audiometric test, the Dix-Hallpike maneuver and the supine roll test were performed. Both patients presented with spontaneous nystagmus with downbeat components, and downbeat components were exaggerated by Dix-Hallpike maneuver. Spontaneous and positional nystagmus with downbeat component can occur in Meniere's disease, which may be resulted from excitation of three semicircular canals.
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Wang H, Li XY, Yao QX, Yu DZ. [Nystagmus characteristics of the horizontal semicircular canal light cupula]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 32:1332-1334. [PMID: 30282188 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2018.17.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To analyze the nystagmus characteristics of 9 patients with horizontal semicircular canal light cupula.Method:Patients who visited the department of otolaryngology of Shanghai sixth people's hospital from September 2017 to December 2017 with a typical history of positional vertigo and roll test evoked horizontal geotropic direction changing nystagmus that lasted more than one minute were enrolled in the study.Nystagmus was monitored using the videonystagmoscopy (VNG), and parameters of nystagmus,including latency, duration and the intensity of nystagmus were analyzed. Barbecue maneuvers were tried for all patients and no other treatment was performed.Result:Nine patients were enrolled,DixHallpike test had no nystagmus, Roll test showed a persistent geotropic DCPN, the recorded average duration of nystagmus was (64.2±13.7)s (longer actually), and averaged latency was (5.3±4.7)s.In some cases, positional nystagmus increased rapidly in intensity and then declined slowly as seen in patients with canalolithiasis. Immediate effectiveness is 0 after barbecue maneuver,but 4 patients recovered within one week,2 patients improved within 1 week,and recovered within 2 weeks, 1 patient transferred into posterior semicircular canal BPPV, and 2 cases had not been followed up.Conclusion:Nystagmus of horizontal canal light cupula has a latency of several seconds,with a crescendodecrescendo pattern of intensity.Barbecue maneuver may be not effective in resolving nystagmus,but the prognosis is good for those patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,the Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,200233, China
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Yao QX, Wang H, Luo Q, Yu ZD, Shi HB, Yin SK. [Classification of acute vestibular syndrome]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 32:827-830. [PMID: 29921051 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To explore the epidemiological characteristics and to help accomplish accurate diagnosis and treatment strategies by analyzing the composition and clinical features of various diseases with acute constant vertigo.Method:We retrospectively analyzed medical records (including name, sex, age, diabetes, hypertension, history of vertigo, family history, etc.),otoneurological examination, vestibular function tests and radiological examination of patients with acute vestibular syndrome.We classified various diseases according to diagnostic criteria, and then analyze the clinical data.Result:A total of 77 patients with acute vestibular syndrome were enrolled in this study. It included 34 patients with vestibular neuritis, 18 patients with sudden sensorineural deafness with vertigo, 1 with vestibular schwannoma, 6 with acute vestibular syndrome with migraine, 3 with Hunter syndrome with vertigo, 1 with vertigo after trauma,1 with acute bilateral vestibulopathy, 9 with acute vertigo syndrome with other etiology, 3 with acute labyrinthitis, and 1 with posterior circulation infarction. There were no significant differences in the age and course of disease between different etiologies (P>0.05). There were statistical differences between vestibular neuritis and sudden sensorineural deafness with vertigo among head impulse test and hearing loss (P<0.05). There was significant difference in hearing between sudden sensorineural deafness with vertigo and acute vertigo syndrome (P<0.05).Conclusion:Most of the acute vestibular syndrome patients attending the otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery clinic were peripheral acute vestibular syndrome, vestibular neuritis, and sudden sensorineural deafness with vertigo.Patients with acute vestibular syndrome with migraine are not rare, and central vertigo can also be seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q X Yao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - H Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Q Luo
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Z D Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - H B Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - S K Yin
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
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Chen K, Huang SY, Wang JL, Hu RL, Yao QX, Zhang SF, Zhu XQ, Liu Q. Prevalence and genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii in badgers (Melogale moschata) in southern China by PCR-RFLP. Infect Genet Evol 2017; 52:30-33. [PMID: 28434971 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasite which is able to infect almost all warm-blooded animals. There is no information about the prevalence and genetic characterization of T. gondii in badgers (Melogale moschata) in China. Here, a total of 367 badgers were captured from different cities in Jiangxi province, Southern China. Genomic DNA was extracted from brain tissues of each badgers, and 57 (15.45%) of them were positive for T. gondii by semi-nested PCR of the B1 gene. The positive DNA samples were typed at 11 genetic markers, including 10 nuclear loci (SAG1, 5'-SAG2 and 3'-SAG2, alternative SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1) and an apicoplast locus (Apico), with multilocus polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technology. Among them, 4 were completely typed at all loci, and 2 was genotyped for 9 loci, showing that they belong to ToxoDB#9. This is the first report of prevalence and genetic characterization of T. gondii isolates from badgers in China, which contributes to broader understanding of population structure of T. gondii in China. It is important for the prevention and control of T. gondii infection in wild animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China
| | - Si-Yang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, PR China.
| | - Jin-Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China
| | - Rong-Liang Hu
- Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun, Jilin Province 130122, PR China
| | - Qiu-Xia Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, PR China
| | - Shou-Feng Zhang
- Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun, Jilin Province 130122, PR China
| | - Xing-Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, PR China
| | - Quan Liu
- Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun, Jilin Province 130122, PR China
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Yang Y, Feng Y, Yao Q, Wang Y, Lu Y, Liang H, Zhu X, Zhang L. Seroprevalence, Isolation, Genotyping, and Pathogenicity of Toxoplasma gondii Strains from Sheep in China. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:136. [PMID: 28217119 PMCID: PMC5289961 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is an important cause of reproductive failure in small ruminants that also poses a risk to consumers who consume undercooked meat. However, little is known about sheep toxoplasmosis in China for the world. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the prevalence of T. gondii infection in sheep from China, to isolate T. gondii via bioassay in mice and to evaluate the virulence of the isolated T. gondii based on vero cell invasion and mice. A total of 840 samples (304 unfrozen hearts and 536 sera) from sheep in China were collected from 2014 to 2016. Heart samples (n = 36) of T. gondii seropositive sheep (MAT, ≥25) were bioassayed in mice individually. DNA derived from cell cultured tachyzoites of the isolated T. gondii was characterized by PCR-RFLP of 10 loci (SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, and Apico). The virulence of the T. gondii was evaluated based on the mortality and encystation in mice, as well as their growth characteristics in cell culture. Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 174 of 840 (20.71%, 304 hearts juice and 536 sera) sheep by the modified agglutination test (cut-off 1:25). Viable T. gondii was isolated from the hearts of two of 36 seropositive sheep hearts. Both genotypes of the sheep heart isolates were ToxoDB#9. The virulence of the two ToxoDB#9 isolations varied significantly. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of isolation of ToxoDB#9 strain of T. gondii from sheep in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuRong Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou, China
| | - YongJie Feng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou, China
| | - QiuXia Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Lanzhou, China
| | - YingHua Wang
- Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention of Henan Province Zhengzhou, China
| | - YaoYao Lu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou, China
| | - HongDe Liang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou, China
| | - XingQuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Lanzhou, China
| | - LongXian Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou, China
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Zhang XX, Zheng WB, Ma JG, Yao QX, Zou Y, Bubu CJ, Zhao Q, Zhu XQ. Occurrence and multilocus genotyping of Giardia intestinalis assemblage C and D in farmed raccoon dogs, Nyctereutes procyonoides, in China. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:471. [PMID: 27576343 PMCID: PMC5004317 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1771-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Giardia intestinalis, the only causative agent of human giardiasis, can infect a wide range of animals. As no information concerning the prevalence and genotyping of G. intestinalis in raccoon dogs in China is available, examination of 305 faecal samples from raccoon dogs in Jilin Province (n = 110), Heilongjiang Province (n = 40), Liaoning Province (n = 72), Hebei Province (n = 54) and Shandong Province (n = 29) was conducted to estimate the prevalence of G. intestinalis in raccoon dogs in northern China and identify their genotypes using a genetic approach. Findings Of 305 faecal samples from farmed raccoon dogs, 22 (7.21 %) were detected G. intestinalis-positive by nested PCR amplification of the triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) gene. The prevalence of G. intestinalis was strongly related to the region and season of sampling. All 22 samples were analysed at the tpi, the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) and the beta giardin (bg) gene loci, showing 13, 3, 2 subtypes, respectively. The results also demonstrated that two raccoon dogs harboured mixed infections of assemblage C and assemblage D (or mixed C/D), whereas only assemblage C was detected in the remaining 20 samples. Moreover, five new multilocus genotypes, named as MLGs C1-C5, were observed in the assemblage C in the present study. Conclusions This is the first report of G. intestinalis infection in raccoon dogs in China. DNA sequence analysis of the tpi, gdh and bg gene indicated that 13, 3, 2 subtypes were found at these loci, respectively. Furthermore, this is also the first report of five new multilocus genotypes (MLGs C1-C5) in farmed raccoon dogs, which provides baseline data for further studies of the distribution of G. duodenalis in different hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130118, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Bin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130118, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Gang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130118, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Xia Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130118, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai-Jia Bubu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130118, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130118, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, People's Republic of China. .,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130118, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang XX, Cong W, Lou ZL, Ma JG, Zheng WB, Yao QX, Zhao Q, Zhu XQ. Prevalence, risk factors and multilocus genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in farmed foxes (Vulpes lagopus), Northern China. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:72. [PMID: 26847241 PMCID: PMC4743323 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1356-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microsporidiosis is a common disease in animals and humans around the world. Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most common microsporidian species in humans. Many animal species may be a potential source of human microsporidiosis. However, information concerning prevalence and genotypes of E. bieneusi infection in farmed foxes (Vulpes lagopus) is scarce. Therefore, the present study examined prevalence, risk factors and genotypes of E. bieneusi in farmed foxes in northern China using a genetic approach. Results Of 302 fecal samples from farmed foxes, 37 (12.25 %, 95 % CI 8.55–15.95) were PCR-positive for E. bieneusi, and the prevalence was highly associated with the farming mode in that foxes raised outdoors (26.03 % positive, 95 % CI 18.91–33.15) had a significantly higher E. bieneusi prevalence than those raised indoors. Eleven internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genotypes were identified among the positive samples: four known E. bieneusi genotypes (Peru 8, Types IV, CHN-DC1 and D) and seven novel genotypes (NCF1-NCF7). Genotype NCF2 was the commonest (n = 13) and was found in five farms across three provinces (Jilin, Heilongjiang and Hebei). All genotypes belonged to phylogenetic group 1. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analyses revealed additional diversity. Conclusions These findings indicate the presence of zoonotic E. bieneusi infection in farmed foxes in northern China. This is also the first report of genotypes Peru8, CHN-DC1 and Type IV, and seven novel genotypes (NCF1-NCF7) in farmed foxes by ITS combining with microsatellite and minisatellite markers for the first time. The results will provide baseline data for preventing and controlling E. bieneusi infection in farmed foxes, other animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, PR China. .,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130118, PR China.
| | - Wei Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, PR China. .,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130118, PR China.
| | - Zhi-Long Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, PR China. .,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130118, PR China.
| | - Jian-Gang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, PR China. .,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130118, PR China.
| | - Wen-Bin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, PR China. .,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130118, PR China.
| | - Qiu-Xia Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, PR China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China.
| | - Quan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130118, PR China.
| | - Xing-Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, PR China. .,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130118, PR China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China.
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Li DW, Qio JW, Ouyang P, Yao QX, Dawei LD, Jiwen Q, Ping O, Qingxiao Y. High frequncies of fertilization and embryo formation in hexaploid wheat x Tripsacum dactyloides crosses. Theor Appl Genet 1996; 92:1103-1107. [PMID: 24166643 DOI: 10.1007/bf00224056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/1995] [Accepted: 11/24/1995] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The Hexaploid wheat variety Fukuho was crossed with Tripsacum dactyloides (2n=4x=72). The total fertilization frequencies for the egg cell, polar nuclei, and both, were 58.3%, 26.8% and 58.9% of the 168 ovaries examined. However, the fertilization frequency of single polar nuclei was much lower at only 0.6%. The total frequency of fertilization was higher than that in wheat x maize crosses. A total of 49 hexaploid wheat varieties, including Hope carrying the dominant genes Kr1 and Kr2, were crossed with T. dactyloides, and most gave embryos. The embryoformation frequencies ranged from 0.5% to 59.0%. A higher frequency of 32.0% embryo formation was obtained following pollination of the variety Hope. In comparison with embryo formation in wheat x maize crosses the difference of embryo-formation frequencies between the two crosses was significant. The results of high frequencies of fertilization and embryo formation in wheat x T. dactyloides crosses indicated that the Kr genes are as inactive in wheat x T. dactyloides, as they are in wheat x maize crosses, and also that the efficiency of fertilization and embryo formation is higher in wheat x T. dactyloides than in what x maize crosses. The potential of wheat x T. dactyloides crosses for wheat haploid production and wheat improvement is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
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Soon-Shiong P, Heintz RE, Merideth N, Yao QX, Yao Z, Zheng T, Murphy M, Moloney MK, Schmehl M, Harris M. Insulin independence in a type 1 diabetic patient after encapsulated islet transplantation. Lancet 1994; 343:950-1. [PMID: 7909011 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(94)90067-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 429] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Identification of a biocompatible immunoprotective membrane to prevent graft rejection remained elusive until the development of microcapsules formulated in alginate high in guluronic acid. We report insulin independence in a type 1 diabetic patient after encapsulated islet transplantation. Encapsulated human islets were injected intraperitoneally in a diabetic patient with a functioning kidney graft. Insulin independence with tight glycaemic control was demonstrated 9 months after the procedure. These results warrant a trial of a high dose of encapsulated islets in early-onset diabetic patients.
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Hu HZ, Wu JX, Deng CG, Li SQ, Liu MY, Yao QX, Zhu S, Wang YJ, Zhang YL. [Low-dose cytosine arabinoside in treatment of 17 patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia]. Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 1989; 20:103-6. [PMID: 2793132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Low dose Ara-C (LDAra-C, Ara-C 10-15 mg/12 h, i.m. x 14-21 days) was used in the treatment of 17 patients with ANLL, and from 14 patients blast cells were isolated before chemotherapy and cultured in the presence of Ara-C (10(-8) and 10(-7) mol/L), no definite induction of differentiation of leukemic cells was found. Of the 17 cases, 5 obtained CR, only one of them with M4 entered CR without pancytopenia or bone marrow aplasia during the LDAra-C treatment. For the rest, 4 with M2 obtained PR, and 8 did not respond. Toxic effects, including pancytopenia and bone marrow aplasia, were observed in most of the patients. Laboratory results showed that differentiation was not induced by Ara-C in low concentration in in vitro culture. LDAra-C is thought to be effective in the treatment of ANLL, and the mechanism may involve both the cytotoxicity and the induction of differentiation of leukemic cells, but the former is far more important.
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