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Lamb R, Kahlon A, Sukumar S, Layton B. Small bowel diverticulosis: imaging appearances, complications, and pitfalls. Clin Radiol 2022; 77:264-273. [PMID: 35012738 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Diverticula of the small bowel can be categorised as true, with Meckel's being the only example, or false. False small bowel diverticula (SBD) are acquired through herniation of the internal layers of the bowel wall through the muscularis propria. Peri-ampullary duodenal diverticula are a well-recognised example; however, the importance of more distal SBD in the jejunum and ileum is underappreciated, and they are under-reported on cross-sectional imaging. SBD are a known cause of anaemia, malabsorption, and diarrhoea, and there are myriad complications of SBD and Meckel's diverticula, which range in severity from inflammation and perforation to haemorrhage, tumour formation, and obstruction. Before the advent of computed tomography (CT), SBD were readily diagnosed on fluoroscopic oral contrast studies; however, radiologists are less comfortable with their cross-sectional imaging appearances. This imaging review combines our experience of multiple proven cases, with illustrative diagrams and radiological images of SBD to provide distinct imaging characteristics, allowing for confident diagnosis of SBD and their numerous complications. We discuss the importance of SBD as a cause of benign, non-surgical pneumoperitoneum. We additionally provide important pitfalls to be aware of such as SBD masquerading as other abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lamb
- Department of Clinical Radiology, East Lancashire Hospitals Trust, Haslingden Rd, Blackburn, BB2 3HH, UK
| | - A Kahlon
- Department of Clinical Radiology, East Lancashire Hospitals Trust, Haslingden Rd, Blackburn, BB2 3HH, UK
| | - S Sukumar
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital of South Manchester, Southmoor Road, Manchester, Greater Manchester, M23 9LT, UK
| | - B Layton
- Department of Clinical Radiology, East Lancashire Hospitals Trust, Haslingden Rd, Blackburn, BB2 3HH, UK.
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Rees P, Clouston H, Lamb R, Duff S, Kirwan C. The effects of exogenous coagulation factors, and their inhibitors, on in vitro proliferation and migration in colorectal cancer. Thromb Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2018.02.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Berruto G, Madan I, Murooka Y, Vanacore GM, Pomarico E, Rajeswari J, Lamb R, Huang P, Kruchkov AJ, Togawa Y, LaGrange T, McGrouther D, Rønnow HM, Carbone F. Laser-Induced Skyrmion Writing and Erasing in an Ultrafast Cryo-Lorentz Transmission Electron Microscope. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:117201. [PMID: 29601740 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.117201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that light-induced heat pulses of different duration and energy can write Skyrmions in a broad range of temperatures and magnetic field in FeGe. Using a combination of camera-rate and pump-probe cryo-Lorentz transmission electron microscopy, we directly resolve the spatiotemporal evolution of the magnetization ensuing optical excitation. The Skyrmion lattice was found to maintain its structural properties during the laser-induced demagnetization, and its recovery to the initial state happened in the sub-μs to μs range, depending on the cooling rate of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Berruto
- Institute of Physics, LUMES, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - I Madan
- Institute of Physics, LUMES, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Y Murooka
- Institute of Physics, LUMES, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - G M Vanacore
- Institute of Physics, LUMES, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - E Pomarico
- Institute of Physics, LUMES, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - J Rajeswari
- Institute of Physics, LUMES, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - R Lamb
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P Huang
- Institute of Physics, LUMES, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
- Institute of Physics, LQM, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - A J Kruchkov
- Institute of Physics, LQM, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Y Togawa
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
- Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuencho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
- Chirality Research Center (CResCent), Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - T LaGrange
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Electron Microscopy, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D McGrouther
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H M Rønnow
- Institute of Physics, LQM, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - F Carbone
- Institute of Physics, LUMES, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
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Jude SR, Drew GH, Pollard SJT, Rocks SA, Jenkinson K, Lamb R. Delivering organisational adaptation through legislative mechanisms: Evidence from the Adaptation Reporting Power (Climate Change Act 2008). Sci Total Environ 2017; 574:858-871. [PMID: 27665446 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing recognition that organisations, particularly in key infrastructure sectors, are potentially vulnerable to climate change and extreme weather events, and require organisational responses to ensure they are resilient and adaptive. However, detailed evidence of how adaptation is facilitated, implemented and reported, particularly through legislative mechanisms is lacking. The United Kingdom Climate Change Act (2008), introduced the Adaptation Reporting Power, enabling the Government to direct so-called reporting authorities to report their climate change risks and adaptation plans. We describe the authors' unique role and experience supporting the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) during the Adaptation Reporting Power's first round. An evaluation framework, used to review the adaptation reports, is presented alongside evidence on how the process provides new insights into adaptation activities and triggered organisational change in 78% of reporting authorities, including the embedding of climate risk and adaptation issues. The role of legislative mechanisms and risk-based approaches in driving and delivering adaptation is discussed alongside future research needs, including the development of organisational maturity models to determine resilient and well adapting organisations. The Adaptation Reporting Power process provides a basis for similar initiatives in other countries, although a clear engagement strategy to ensure buy-in to the process and research on its long-term legacy, including the potential merits of voluntary approaches, is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Jude
- Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK.
| | - G H Drew
- Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK
| | - S J T Pollard
- Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK
| | - S A Rocks
- Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK
| | - K Jenkinson
- University of Oxford, UK Climate Impacts Programme (UKCIP), Oxford OX1 3QY, UK
| | - R Lamb
- Formerly Environment Agency, Climate Ready, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK
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Leonov AO, Togawa Y, Monchesky TL, Bogdanov AN, Kishine J, Kousaka Y, Miyagawa M, Koyama T, Akimitsu J, Koyama T, Harada K, Mori S, McGrouther D, Lamb R, Krajnak M, McVitie S, Stamps RL, Inoue K. Chiral Surface Twists and Skyrmion Stability in Nanolayers of Cubic Helimagnets. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:087202. [PMID: 27588877 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.087202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Theoretical analysis and Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (LTEM) investigations in an FeGe wedge demonstrate that chiral twists arising near the surfaces of noncentrosymmetric ferromagnets [Meynell et al., Phys. Rev. B 90, 014406 (2014)] provide a stabilization mechanism for magnetic Skyrmion lattices and helicoids in cubic helimagnet nanolayers. The magnetic phase diagram obtained for freestanding cubic helimagnet nanolayers shows that magnetization processes differ fundamentally from those in bulk cubic helimagnets and are characterized by the first-order transitions between modulated phases. LTEM investigations exhibit a series of hysteretic transformation processes among the modulated phases, which results in the formation of the multidomain patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- A O Leonov
- Center for Chiral Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- IFW Dresden, Postfach 270016, D-01171 Dresden, Germany
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Y Togawa
- Center for Chiral Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuencho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
- JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 333-0012, Japan
| | - T L Monchesky
- Center for Chiral Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3J5, Canada
| | - A N Bogdanov
- Center for Chiral Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- IFW Dresden, Postfach 270016, D-01171 Dresden, Germany
| | - J Kishine
- Center for Chiral Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- The Open University of Japan, Chiba 261-8586, Japan
| | - Y Kousaka
- Center for Chiral Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - M Miyagawa
- Center for Chiral Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - T Koyama
- Center for Chiral Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - J Akimitsu
- Center for Chiral Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Ts Koyama
- Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuencho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - K Harada
- Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuencho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - S Mori
- Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuencho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - D McGrouther
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - R Lamb
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M Krajnak
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S McVitie
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - R L Stamps
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Inoue
- Center for Chiral Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- IAMR, Facility of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
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Hofman D, Walmsley K, Lamb R, Ilott E, Lawton C, Dye L. The effects of breakfast size on satiety, blood glucose, and cognition. Appetite 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.02.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abnormal Tissue factor (TF) expression occurs in many cancers including colorectal and is associated with a poor prognosis. TF expression promotes cancer stem cell (CSC) activity in breast and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). AIM The aim of the research is to determine the effect of TF expression by colorectal cancer cell lines on colorectal CSC activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Colorectal cancer cell lines with high (DLD-1) and low (SW620) TF expression were stably transduced to knock down (TF-ve) and over express (TF+ve) TF. CSC activity was assessed using the cancer sphere assay (sphere forming efficiency (SFE)=spheres formed / cells plated) and by ALDH1 expression (by florescent activated cell sorting). When comparing transduced cells to their control the ALDH1 expression was normalised to their control. RESULTS The naturally high TF expressing cell line (DLD-1) compared to the low TF expressing cell line (SW620) had a reduced SFE (0.7 (SD 0.39) vs 1.38 (SD 0.68), p<0.05) and less cells expressed ALDH1 (15.3% (SD 1.2) vs 26.9% (SD 2.1), p=0.02). DLD-1 TF+ve compared to its control had a reduced SFE (0.33 (SD 0.14) vs 0.66 (SD 0.42), p<0.01) and less cells expressed ALDH1 (0.72 (SD 0.069) p=0.001) (normalised to negative control). There was no difference in SFE (1.21 (SD 0.56) vs 1.29 (SD 0.50) p=0.4) and ALDH1 expression (0.81 (SD 1.00) p=0.5) between SW620 TF+ve and its control. DLD-1 TF-ve and SW620 TF-ve had increased SFE compared to their controls (DLD-1: 0.63 (SD 0.27) vs 0.41 (SD 0.35) p<0.01; SW620: 2.03 (SD 0.86) vs 1.21 (SD 0.70) p<0.01), and increased ALDH expression (DLD-1: TF-ve 1.23 (SD 0.74)p=0.04 and SW620: TF-ve 1.31 (SD 0.08) p<0.001 normalised to controls). CONCLUSIONS Unlike in breast and SCC, in colorectal cancer cell lines TF inhibits CSC activity. This has significance if anti-tissue factor treatments are considered as an anti-cancer treatment as this may increase the cancer stem cell activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Clouston
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester; Department of Academic Surgery, University Hospital of South Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - R Lamb
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester
| | - S Duff
- Department of Academic Surgery, University Hospital of South Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - C C Kirwan
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester; Department of Academic Surgery, University Hospital of South Manchester, United Kingdom
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tissue factor (TF) is abnormally expressed in many cancers including colorectal and is associated with a poor cancer prognosis. Colorectal cancer cell lines expressing TF produce faster growing tumours. In lung cancer, TF inhibition has been shown to reduce proliferation AIM We aimed to determine if TF expression and activity increases cellular proliferation in colorectal cancer cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS DLD-1 and SW620 colorectal cell lines were transduced with cDNA to over express TF (TF+ve). Proliferation was determined by Alamar blue assay where level of absorption indicates the number of living cells, expressed as an arbitrary unit of absorption (u). Factor VIIa (TF ligand) at increasing concentrations was used to determine the effect of TF activity on proliferation. Downstream marker of TF activity (MAPK phosphorylation) was assessed by Western blot and correlated with proliferation. RESULTS There was a significant increase in proliferation in both DLD-1 TF+ve and SW620 TF+ve compared to their negative controls at 42 hours (DLD1 TF+ve: 5,455u (SD 2,485u) vs 2,246u (SD 1,107u) p<0.001); SW620 TF+ve: 414u (SD 96u) vs 286u (SD 114u) p<0.05). When factor VIIa (FVIIa) was added in concentrations from 0nM to the supra-physiological concentration of 25nM there was a dose-dependent increase in proliferation up to physiological levels (0.1nM) which was further increased in the TF+ve cell lines. Fold change from baseline 0 vs 0.1nM FVIIa (DLD-1: 3.22u (SD 0.61u) vs 6.17u (SD 2.21u) p<0.05; SW620 2.33u (SD 2.21u) vs 4.69u (SD 0.61u) p<0.05). The increase in proliferation was reflected in the phosphorylation of MAPK which was increased by TF overexpression alone and further increased by FVIIa in a dose-dependent fashion. CONCLUSIONS Increased TF expression and activation is associated with increased cellular proliferation. This effect appears to be exerted via MAPK pathways. Tissue factor may provide a therapeutic target in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Clouston
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester; Department of Academic Surgery, University Hospital of South Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - R Lamb
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester
| | - S Duff
- Department of Academic Surgery, University Hospital of South Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - C C Kirwan
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester; Department of Academic Surgery, University Hospital of South Manchester, United Kingdom
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McAlister C, Schmitter-Edgecombe M, Lamb R. AGING AND DEMENTIA: OTHERB-13Cognitive Correlates of Everyday Functioning in Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Meta-Analysis. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acv047.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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10
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Hofman D, Walmsley K, Lamb R, Ilott E, Lawton C, Dye L. Effects of breakfast size on satiety, glucose, memory, and executive function. Appetite 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2015.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Silberberg B, Beattie A, Lamb R, Perry A, Robb A, O'Brien C, Spencer D, Brodlie M, Thomas M. 52 Clinical characteristics and diagnosis of NTM infection in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) in the North East of England. J Cyst Fibros 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(15)30229-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lamb R, Digby S, Stewart W, Drummond A. Cutaneous ulceration: more than skin deep? Clin Exp Dermatol 2013; 38:443-5. [PMID: 23496323 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Lamb
- Alan Lyell Centre for Dermatology, Southern General Hospital, Glasgow, UK.
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Truong VK, Webb HK, Fadeeva E, Chichkov BN, Wu AHF, Lamb R, Wang JY, Crawford RJ, Ivanova EP. Air-directed attachment of coccoid bacteria to the surface of superhydrophobic lotus-like titanium. Biofouling 2012; 28:539-50. [PMID: 22686938 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2012.694426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic titanium surfaces fabricated by femtosecond laser ablation to mimic the structure of lotus leaves were assessed for their ability to retain coccoid bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus CIP 65.8T, S. aureus ATCC 25923, S. epidermidis ATCC 14990T and Planococcus maritimus KMM 3738 were retained by the surface, to varying degrees. However, each strain was found to preferentially attach to the crevices located between the microscale surface features. The upper regions of the microscale features remained essentially cell-free. It was hypothesised that air entrapped by the topographical features inhibited contact between the cells and the titanium substratum. Synchrotron SAXS revealed that even after immersion for 50 min, nano-sized air bubbles covered 45% of the titanium surface. After 1 h the number of cells of S. aureus CIP 65.8T attached to the lotus-like titanium increased to 1.27×10(5) mm(-2), coinciding with the replacement of trapped air by the incubation medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Truong
- Faculty of Life and Social Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria, 3122, Australia
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Lo C, Busch S, Lee AG, Searle G, Lamb R, Cramer A, Winter MC, Coleman RE, Dixon M, Bundred NJ, Landberg G. Abstract P4-05-05: Stromal Response to 14-Day Preoperative Therapy in Postmenopausal Oestrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs10-p4-05-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Stromal-epithelial interaction is a key factor in tumour progression. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and macrophage infiltration have been associated with early relapse in breast cancer. Bisphosphonates are effective inhibitors of osteoclast activation in metastatic breast cancer but also have a general inhibitory effect on breast cancer progression. In order to monitor a potential tumour stromal response in breast cancer during treatment with an aromatase inhibitor and a bisphosphonate we analysed pre-and post-treatment samples from a neoadjuvant window study and focused on the presence of macrophages and CAFs.
Materials and methods: Tissue microarrays (TMAs) from surgical samples and pre-operative core biopsies were immunohistochemically stained for aSMA (CAF marker), CD68 (macrophages) and epithelial proliferation (Ki67). In order to validate if the presence of macrophages and aSMA could be monitored by the TMA approach, we initially analysed a screening cohort of 144 breast cancer samples. We then studied pre-and post-treatment samples from 110 postmenopausal ER-positive invasive breast cancer patients randomised to receive 14 days of preoperative treatment (placebo, Letrozole, or Letrozole plus Zoledronate). Results: In the screening cohort, we observed significant links between aSMA positive fibroblasts and disease recurrence as well as between CD68 positive macrophages and tumour size, grade, lymph node positivity and recurrence. This validated the use of TMAs for stromal analyses and furthersupported a link with key tumour biological events. In both treatment arms, there was a significant drop in absolute Ki67 value compared to placebo (-9.3% Letrozole and -13.1% combination reduction versus 1% increase, P<0.001). Post-treatment CD68 (median 35, range 3 to 117) was significantly linked to a Ki67 drop (p=0.045). Interestingly, this effect was mainly observed in the combination treatment group (p=0.002). aSMA expression was unaffected during treatment in 52%, increased in 35% and decreased in 13% of cases. Patients with aSMA reduction post treatment had a larger Ki67 fall compared to patients with increase or no change in aSMA (p=0.007).
Conclusion: Short term treatment response in the epithelial component of cancers was paralleled by specific responses in the tumour stromal component. These novel findings suggest that bisphosphonates and aromatase inhibitors have major effects on tumour stroma in vivo which might augment their inhibitory effect on tumour progression.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-05-05.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lo
- University of Manchester, United Kingdom; University of Edingburgh, United Kingdom; University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - S Busch
- University of Manchester, United Kingdom; University of Edingburgh, United Kingdom; University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - AG Lee
- University of Manchester, United Kingdom; University of Edingburgh, United Kingdom; University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - G Searle
- University of Manchester, United Kingdom; University of Edingburgh, United Kingdom; University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - R Lamb
- University of Manchester, United Kingdom; University of Edingburgh, United Kingdom; University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - A Cramer
- University of Manchester, United Kingdom; University of Edingburgh, United Kingdom; University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - MC Winter
- University of Manchester, United Kingdom; University of Edingburgh, United Kingdom; University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - RE Coleman
- University of Manchester, United Kingdom; University of Edingburgh, United Kingdom; University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - M Dixon
- University of Manchester, United Kingdom; University of Edingburgh, United Kingdom; University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - NJ Bundred
- University of Manchester, United Kingdom; University of Edingburgh, United Kingdom; University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - G. Landberg
- University of Manchester, United Kingdom; University of Edingburgh, United Kingdom; University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, United Kingdom
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Lo C, Busch S, Lee A, Searle G, Lamb R, Cramer A, Morris J, Winter M, Coleman R, Dixon J, Bundred N, Landberg G. Stromal response to aromatase inhibition is associated with improved treatment response in breast cancer patients. Eur J Surg Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2010.08.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Lee A, Lamb R, Gregson H, Cramer A, Morris J, Renshaw L, Winter M, Coleman R, Dixon J, Landberg G, Bundred N. O-46 Macrophage infiltration is associated with poor outcome in breast cancer patients and a reduced treatment response to Letrozole and Zoledronate. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcsup.2010.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Airapetian A, Akopov N, Akopov Z, Aschenauer EC, Augustyniak W, Avetissian A, Avetisyan E, Bacchetta A, Ball B, Bianchi N, Blok HP, Böttcher H, Bonomo C, Borissov A, Bryzgalov V, Burns J, Capiluppi M, Capitani GP, Cisbani E, Ciullo G, Contalbrigo M, Dalpiaz PF, Deconinck W, De Leo R, De Nardo L, De Sanctis E, Diefenthaler M, Di Nezza P, Dreschler J, Düren M, Ehrenfried M, Elbakian G, Ellinghaus F, Elschenbroich U, Fabbri R, Fantoni A, Felawka L, Frullani S, Gabbert D, Gapienko G, Gapienko V, Garibaldi F, Gharibyan V, Giordano F, Gliske S, Hadjidakis C, Hartig M, Hasch D, Hill G, Hillenbrand A, Hoek M, Holler Y, Hristova I, Imazu Y, Ivanilov A, Jackson HE, Jo HS, Joosten S, Kaiser R, Keri T, Kinney E, Kisselev A, Korotkov V, Kozlov V, Kravchenko P, Lagamba L, Lamb R, Lapikás L, Lehmann I, Lenisa P, Linden-Levy LA, López Ruiz A, Lorenzon W, Lu XG, Lu XR, Ma BQ, Mahon D, Makins NCR, Manaenkov SI, Manfré L, Mao Y, Marianski B, Martinez de la Ossa A, Marukyan H, Miller CA, Miyachi Y, Movsisyan A, Murray M, Mussgiller A, Nappi E, Naryshkin Y, Nass A, Negodaev M, Nowak WD, Pappalardo LL, Perez-Benito R, Reimer PE, Reolon AR, Riedl C, Rith K, Rosner G, Rostomyan A, Rubin J, Ryckbosch D, Salomatin Y, Sanftl F, Schäfer A, Schnell G, Schüler KP, Seitz B, Shibata TA, Shutov V, Stancari M, Statera M, Steijger JJM, Stenzel H, Stewart J, Stinzing F, Taroian S, Terkulov A, Trzcinski A, Tytgat M, Vandenbroucke A, van der Nat PB, Van Haarlem Y, Van Hulse C, Varanda M, Veretennikov D, Vikhrov V, Vilardi I, Vogel C, Wang S, Yaschenko S, Ye H, Ye Z, Yen S, Yu W, Zeiler D, Zihlmann B, Zupranski P. Observation of the naive-T-odd Sivers effect in deep-inelastic scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:152002. [PMID: 19905623 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.152002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Azimuthal single-spin asymmetries of leptoproduced pions and charged kaons were measured on a transversely polarized hydrogen target. Evidence for a naive-T-odd, transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution function is deduced from nonvanishing Sivers effects for pi(+), pi(0), and K(+/-), as well as in the difference of the pi(+) and pi(-) cross sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Airapetian
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Day TG, Ramanan AV, Hinks A, Lamb R, Packham J, Wise C, Punaro M, Donn RP. Autoinflammatory genes and susceptibility to psoriatic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 58:2142-6. [PMID: 18576390 PMCID: PMC2688675 DOI: 10.1002/art.23604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the association of NLRP3, NOD2, MEFV, and PSTPIP1, genes that cause 4 of the autoinflammatory hereditary periodic fever syndromes (HPFS), with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods Fifty-one single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the 4 loci were investigated using MassArray genotyping in 950 Caucasian patients with JIA living in the UK and 728 ethnically matched healthy controls. Results Prior to Bonferroni correction for multiple testing, significant genotype associations between 6 SNPs in MEFV and JIA were observed and, in subgroup analysis, associations between 12 SNPs across all 4 loci and the subgroup of patients with psoriatic JIA were found. After Bonferroni correction for multiple testing, 2 genotype associations remained significant in the subgroup of patients with psoriatic JIA (MEFV SNP rs224204 [corrected P = 0.025] and NLRP3 SNP rs3806265 [corrected P = 0.04]). Conclusion These findings support the use of monogenic loci as candidates for investigating the genetic component of complex disease and provide preliminary evidence of association between SNPs in autoinflammatory genes and psoriatic JIA. Our findings raise the interesting possibility of a shared disease mechanism between the HPFS and psoriatic JIA, potentially involving abnormal production of interleukin-1β.
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Affiliation(s)
- T G Day
- University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Lamb R, Harrison H, Clarke RB. Mammary development, carcinomas and progesterone: role of Wnt signalling. Ernst Schering Found Symp Proc 2007:1-23. [PMID: 18543432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The mammary gland begins development during embryogenesis but after exposure to hormonal changes during puberty and pregnancy undergoes extensive further development. Hormonal changes are key regulators in the cycles of proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and remodelling associated with pregnancy, lactation and involution following weaning. These developmental processes within the breast epithelium can be explained by the presence of a long-lived population of tissue-specific stem cells. The longevity of these stem cells makes them susceptible to accumulating genetic change and consequent transformation. The ovarian steroid progesterone, acting via the secreted factor Wnt4, is known to be essential for side branching of the mammary gland. One function of Wnt proteins is self-renewal of adult tissue stem cells, suggesting that progesterone may exert its effects within the breast, at least partly, by regulating the mammary stem cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lamb
- Breast Biology Group, Cancer Studies, University of Manchester, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, Wilmslow Road, M20 4BX Manchester, UK
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Adams J, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Amonett J, Anderson BD, Arkhipkin D, Averichev GS, Badyal SK, Bai Y, Balewski J, Barannikova O, Barnby LS, Baudot J, Bekele S, Belaga VV, Bellingeri-Laurikainen A, Bellwied R, Berger J, Bezverkhny BI, Bharadwaj S, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhatia VS, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Billmeier A, Bland LC, Blyth CO, Blyth SL, Bonner BE, Botje M, Boucham A, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Bravar A, Bystersky M, Cadman RV, Cai XZ, Caines H, Sánchez MCDLB, Catu O, Cebra D, Chajecki Z, Chaloupka P, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen Y, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Choi HA, Christie W, Coffin JP, Cormier TM, Cosentino MR, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Das D, Das S, Daugherity M, de Moura MM, Dedovich TG, Dephillips M, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Dietel T, Dogra SM, Dong WJ, Dong X, Draper JE, Du F, Dubey AK, Dunin VB, Dunlop JC, Mazumdar MRD, Eckardt V, Edwards WR, Efimov LG, Emelianov V, Engelage J, Eppley G, Erazmus B, Estienne M, Fachini P, Faivre J, Fatemi R, Fedorisin J, Filimonov K, Filip P, Finch E, Fine V, Fisyak Y, Fornazier KSF, Fox BD, Fu J, Gagliardi CA, Gaillard L, Gans J, Ganti MS, Geurts F, Ghazikhanian V, Ghosh P, Gonzalez JE, Gorbunov YG, Gos H, Grachov O, Grebenyuk O, Grosnick D, Guertin SM, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta N, Gutierrez TD, Hallman TJ, Hamed A, Harris JW, Heinz M, Henry TW, Hepplemann S, Hippolyte B, Hirsch A, Hjort E, Hoffmann GW, Horner MJ, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Hughes EW, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Ishihara A, Jacobs P, Jacobs WW, Jiang H, Jones PG, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kang K, Kaplan M, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Khodyrev VY, Kim BC, Kiryluk J, Kisiel A, Kislov EM, Klein SR, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Kopytine M, Kotchenda L, Kowalik KL, Kramer M, Kravtsov P, Kravtsov VI, Krueger K, Kuhn C, Kulikov AI, Kumar A, Kutuev RK, Kuznetsov AA, Lamb R, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Lange S, Laue F, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee CH, Lehocka S, Levine MJ, Li C, Li Q, Li Y, Lin G, Lindenbaum SJ, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu J, Liu L, Liu QJ, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Long H, Longacre RS, Lopez-Noriega M, Love WA, Lu Y, Ludlam T, Lynn D, Ma GL, Ma JG, Ma YG, Magestro D, Mahajan S, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Mangotra LK, Manweiler R, Margetis S, Markert C, Martin L, Marx JN, Matis HS, Matulenko YA, McClain CJ, McShane TS, Melnick Y, Meschanin A, Miller ML, Minaev NG, Mironov C, Mischke A, Mishra DK, Mitchell J, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Molnar L, Moore CF, Morozov DA, Munhoz MG, Nandi BK, Nayak SK, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Netrakanti PK, Nikitin VA, Nogach LV, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Okorokov V, Oldenburg M, Olson D, Pal SK, Panebratsev Y, Panitkin SY, Pavlinov AI, Pawlak T, Peitzmann T, Perevoztchikov V, Perkins C, Peryt W, Petrov VA, Phatak SC, Picha R, Planinic M, Pluta J, Porile N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Potekhin M, Potrebenikova E, Potukuchi BVKS, Prindle D, Pruneau C, Putschke J, Rakness G, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ravel O, Ray RL, Razin SV, Reichhold D, Reid JG, Reinnarth J, Renault G, Retiere F, Ridiger A, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Rose A, Roy C, Ruan L, Russcher MJ, Sahoo R, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sarsour M, Savin I, Sazhin PS, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmitz N, Schweda K, Seger J, Selyuzhenkov I, Seyboth P, Shabetai A, Shahaliev E, Shao M, Shao W, Sharma M, Shen WQ, Shestermanov KE, Shimanskiy SS, Sichtermann E, Simon F, Singaraju RN, Smirnov N, Snellings R, Sood G, Sorensen P, Sowinski J, Speltz J, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stadnik A, Stanislaus TDS, Stock R, Stolpovsky A, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sugarbaker E, Sumbera M, Surrow B, Swanger M, Symons TJM, de Toledo AS, Tai A, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tarnowsky T, Thein D, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Timoshenko S, Tokarev M, Trainor TA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tsai OD, Ulery J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Buren GV, van der Kolk N, van Leeuwen M, Molen AMV, Varma R, Vasilevski IM, Vasiliev AN, Vernet R, Vigdor SE, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Waggoner WT, Wang F, Wang G, Wang G, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang ZM, Ward H, Watson JW, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wetzler A, Whitten C, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wood J, Wu J, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Z, Xu ZZ, Yepes P, Yoo IK, Yurevich VI, Zborovsky I, Zhang H, Zhang WM, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhong C, Zoulkarneev R, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zubarev AN, Zuo JX. Forward neutral pion production in p + p and d + Au collisions at square root sNN=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97:152302. [PMID: 17155322 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.152302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Measurements of the production of forward pi0 mesons from p + p and d + Au collisions at square root sNN=200 GeV are reported. The p + p yield generally agrees with next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations. The d + Au yield per binary collision is suppressed as eta increases, decreasing to approximately 30% of the p + p yield at eta =4.00, well below shadowing expectations. Exploratory measurements of azimuthal correlations of the forward pi0 with charged hadrons at eta approximately 0 show a recoil peak in p + p that is suppressed in d + Au at low pion energy. These observations are qualitatively consistent with a saturation picture of the low-x gluon structure of heavy nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Adams
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Assessment of safety skills performance and knowledge, to evaluate the education offered by the Lifeskills "Learning for Living" village, Bristol, UK which emphasizes interactive learning-by-doing. DESIGN Two quasi-experimental matched control group studies. Study 1: knowledge and performance three months post-intervention. Study 2: knowledge pre-intervention and post-intervention at three time points, to distinguish between immediate learning and longer term retention. SETTING The Lifeskills training village, Bristol, UK; primary schools in four education authorities in the area. PARTICIPANTS Study 1: 145 children aged 10-11 years; 109 from the Lifeskills program, 36 control. Study 2: 671 children aged 10-11 years; 511 Lifeskills, 160 control. OUTCOME MEASURES Three areas (road, home, and fire safety). Five performance tests: observation of children's safety skills. Five knowledge tests: pictorial quiz. RESULTS Study 1: Lifeskills/intervention children did better than control children on performance and knowledge tests. The knowledge-performance correlation was r = 0.51. Study 2: intervention children did better than control children immediately after the intervention and three months later on all five knowledge tests. On three tests the intervention group showed retention of knowledge from immediately post-intervention to three months, but on two tests there was some loss. This loss was primarily among children from scholastically lower achieving schools. In all other respects the intervention was equally successful for boys and girls, and for children from higher and lower achieving schools. CONCLUSIONS The Lifeskills package improved both knowledge and performance but had shortcomings. Complexity of material did not affect knowledge acquisition but did affect its retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lamb
- Department of Psychology, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK.
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Wallace AM, Buller GS, Sung RCW, Harkins RD, McCarthy A, Hernandez-Marin S, Gibson GJ, Lamb R. Multi-spectral laser detection and ranging for range profiling and surface characterization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1088/1464-4258/7/6/028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine if polymorphisms within the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene are associated and linked with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). To investigate any possible gene-gene (epistatic) interaction between TLR4 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) gene polymorphisms. METHODS 313 simplex families (each containing one affected JIA proband) were genotyped. Two known functionally important single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the TLR4 gene (Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile) were typed by SNaPshot ddNTP primer extension and capillary electrophoresis. Single point and multipoint transmission disequilibrium tests (TDT) were carried out through the extended TDT and TDT phase packages for the two TLR4 SNPs. Epistatic interaction between TLR4 haplotypes and the previously JIA associated MIF CATT(7)-MIF-173*C promoter haplotype was investigated by chi(2) test and unconditional logistic regression in Stata version 7. RESULTS No distortion from random inheritance was observed by single point analysis for TLR4 Asp299Gly (p = 0.89) or TLR4 Thr399Ile (p = 0.40). Similarly, no distortion in transmission was seen when the TLR4 haplotypes were studied (p = 0.54). Additionally, no evidence for gene-gene interaction between TLR4 polymorphisms and the previously associated MIF gene polymorphisms was found (p = 0.40). CONCLUSIONS No linkage or association was seen for Asp299Gly or Thr399Ile SNPs of TLR4 with JIA susceptibility. No evidence of an epistatic interaction between these TLR4 polymorphisms and MIF polymorphisms was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lamb
- Arthritis Research Campaign's Epidemiology Unit, University of Manchester, UK.
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Barton A, Lamb R, Symmons D, Silman A, Thomson W, Worthington J, Donn R. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) gene polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to but not severity of inflammatory polyarthritis. Genes Immun 2004; 4:487-91. [PMID: 14551601 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gene.6364014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate whether polymorphisms of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) determine susceptibility to or severity of inflammatory polyarthritis (IP). Genotypes for a single-nucleotide polymorphism (MIF-173*G/C) and a tetranucleotide (CATT)(n) repeat mapping to the promoter region of the MIF gene were compared between UK Caucasian IP cases (n=438) and controls (n=343). Both polymorphisms were also investigated for association with features of disease activity and severity at baseline and by 5 years. The MIF-173*C allele (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.3-2.4, P=1.8 x 10(-4)) and the CATT(7) allele (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0-2.1, P=0.02) were found to be associated with increased susceptibility to IP. Furthermore, presence of the haplotype containing both associated polymorphisms was associated with a three-fold increase risk of developing IP. No association with disease severity or activity either at baseline or by 5 years was detected for either of the promoter polymorphisms studied. In conclusion, MIF is a susceptibility gene for the development of IP. The same alleles previously reported to be associated with susceptibility to juvenile idiopathic arthritis account for the increased risk. The promoter polymorphisms of MIF, investigated in this study, do not influence the severity of disease outcome by 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Barton
- Arthritis Rheumatism Campaign Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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Spann RG, Lang DA, Birch AA, Lamb R, Neil-Dwyer G. Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation: augmentation of cerebral blood flow after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2002; 143:115-23. [PMID: 11459081 DOI: 10.1007/s007010170115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To measure cerebral blood flow before and after intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABC) in patients at high risk of developing delayed cerebral ischaemia after aneurysm surgery following subarachnoid haemorrhage. METHODS Six prospectively selected patients at high risk of developing delayed ischaemia had elective IABC after clipping of their cerebral aneurysm(s). The IAB inflates in early diastole and deflates at the end of diastole to increase cardiac perfusion and decrease afterload. This results in enhanced cardiac efficiency. It also augments cerebral blood flow (CBF). RESULTS We demonstrated a significant increase in the mean hemispheric CBF from the preoperative (preIABC) value of 35.6 mls/100 g/min to 50.9 +/- 12.3 mls/100 g/min (p = 0.0042) as a result of balloon augmentation. Each patient developed a neurological deficit as a result of delayed cerebral ischaemia. These were reversed in 5 patients with increased CBF. There were minimal balloon related complications. CONCLUSION IABC consistently enhanced CBF in these patients and resulted in stable cardiovascular parameters. This represents a possible new technique in the management of cerebral ischaemia following subarachnoid haemorrhage and needs further assessment to ascertainlits role.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Spann
- Wessex Neurological Center, Southampton University Hospitals, UK
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Gries R, Gries G, Khaskin G, King S, Olfert O, Kaminski LA, Lamb R, Bennett R. Sex pheromone of orange wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana. Naturwissenschaften 2000; 87:450-4. [PMID: 11129944 DOI: 10.1007/s001140050757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Pheromone extract of the female orange wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin) (SM) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), was analyzed by coupled gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) and GC-mass spectrometry (MS), employing fused silica columns coated with DB-5, DB-210, DB-23 or SP-1000. These analyses revealed a single, EAD-active candidate pheromone which was identified as 2,7-nonanediyl dibutyrate. In experiments in wheat fields in Saskatchewan, traps baited with (2S,7S)-2,7-nonanediyl dibutyrate attracted significant numbers of male SM. The presence of other stereoisomers did not adversely affect trap captures. Facile synthesis of stereoisomeric 2,7-nonanediyl dibutyrate will facilitate the development of pheromone-based monitoring or even control of SM populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gries
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.
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Zaki M, Douglas R, Patten N, Bachinsky M, Lamb R, Nowell P, Moore J. Disruption of the IFN-gamma cytokine network in chronic lymphocytic leukemia contributes to resistance of leukemic B cells to apoptosis. Leuk Res 2000; 24:611-21. [PMID: 10867137 DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(00)00022-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that the slowly expanding population of CD5+ B cells that characterizes chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) results primarily from defects in responses to cytokines that regulate apoptosis (e.g. I1-4, TGF-beta, IFN-alpha, IFN-gamma). We have now demonstrated not only that the enhanced anti-apoptotic effect of IFN-gamma on these neoplastic B cells is apparently mediated through increased levels of IFN-gamma receptors but also that there are increased numbers of IFN-gamma-expressing CD4 and CD8 T cells in these patients. This is the strongest evidence to date that multiple alterations in the IFN-gamma cytokine network contribute to the pathogenesis of CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zaki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6082, USA
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Spann R, Lang D, Neil Dwyer G, Lamb R. Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0303-8467(97)82176-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Fehon RG, LaJeunesse D, Lamb R, McCartney BM, Schweizer L, Ward RE. Functional studies of the protein 4.1 family of junctional proteins in Drosophila. Soc Gen Physiol Ser 1997; 52:149-59. [PMID: 9210227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R G Fehon
- Department of Zoology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-1000, USA
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Lamb R, Lamson GW. Overcoming barriers to comprehensive quality improvement. Behav Healthc Tomorrow 1996; 5:32-7. [PMID: 10158040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Lamb
- University Mental Health Services, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Piscataway 08855, USA
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Abstract
Samples of aqueous fluid were obtained from 35 "controls" who were people undergoing routine cataract surgery. Similar samples were taken from seven patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis (MS) and a previous history of optic neuritis, either at cataract surgery or as an elective procedure. Oligoclonal bands were found in only one subject who suffered from the MS-uveitis syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Hawkes
- Ipswich Hospital, Neurological Centre, Suffolk, UK
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Graf B, Lamb R, Heong KL, Fabellar L. A Simulation Model for the Population Dynamics of Rice Leaf-Folders (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Their Interactions with Rice. J Appl Ecol 1992. [DOI: 10.2307/2404463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Gonzalez R, Salem P, Bunn PA, Zukiwski AA, Lamb R, Benjamin RS, Spitler L, Wedel N, Robinson WA. Single-dose murine monoclonal antibody ricin A chain immunotoxin in the treatment of metastatic melanoma: a phase I trial. Mol Biother 1991; 3:192-6. [PMID: 1768370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
To determine the maximally tolerated dose of a ricin A chain-conjugated antimelanoma antibody (XomaZyme-Mel), 20 patients with metastatic melanoma were treated with escalating doses of the murine immunotoxin given as single intravenous infusion over 30 minutes. The starting dose was 0.6 mg/kg and was escalated in five groups to a maximum of 1.6 mg/kg. The maximally tolerated dose was 1.25 mg/kg as three of six patients treated at 1.6 mg/kg developed unacceptable toxicity. The dose-limiting toxicity consisted of profound fatigue, myalgias, and arthralgias. These occurred within 4 days and resolved in 7 to 10 days. Other non-dose-limiting toxicities encountered consisted of hypoalbuminemia, weight gain, peripheral edema, mild hypotension, and flu-like syndrome; the severity of these was also dose related. In addition, two allergic reactions occurred, one severe. There was one durable complete response of 12+ months' duration and one brief mixed response lasting 3 months. We conclude that the maximum tolerated single dose of XomaZyme-Mel is 1.25 mg/kg. Phase I studies evaluating 1.25 mg/kg given in multiple doses at 2- to 4-week intervals and phase II studies to determine the response rate of a single 1.25 mg/kg dose are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gonzalez
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Denver 80262
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Abstract
Three cases in which the temporoparietal fascial flap was used to salvage denuded ear cartilage during the acute period after burn injury are reported. Patients' burns ranged from 30% to 75% total body surface area. The full-thickness burn was acutely excised, exposing the auricular cartilage. The temporoparietal facial flap was elevated and wrapped around the cartilage. The flap was then covered with a split-thickness skin graft. All flaps and skin grafts survived. Additional reconstructive procedures have been performed on two of the patients and are planned for the third.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Achauer
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of California, Irvine
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Lamb R. Diversity of coding strategies in influenza viruses. Trends Genet 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-9525(91)90162-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
The authors performed this retrospective study to further investigate the relationship between non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). From January 1984 through December 1987 all cases of AIDS and NHL diagnosed at the University of Colorado affiliated hospitals were identified and submitted to chart review. Twenty-five patients fulfilled criteria for the diagnosis of AIDS and 24 had biopsy-proven NHL, an additional patient met criteria for the diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma and was included in the analysis. All patients had known risk factors for the development of AIDS. Of the biopsy proven tumors, 23 were categorized as high grade. Most patients (68%) presented with stage IV disease and 92% with extra nodal involvement. Median survival was 5 months and the cause of death was most often progressive lymphoma and/or opportunistic infections. These data are similar to previously published series. Clinical trials to evaluate effective treatment are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lamb
- Quillen-Dishner College of Medicine, Johnson City, Tennessee
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Wilson G, Borthwick T, Lamb R. Toxic methemoglobinemia. J Tenn Med Assoc 1989; 82:581-3. [PMID: 2622153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Newman SP, Fitzpatrick R, Lamb R, Shipley M. The origins of depressed mood in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 1989; 16:740-4. [PMID: 2528634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Most studies that have considered depressed mood in patients with rheumatoid arthritis have failed to analyze the relative contribution of psychological, social and disease state variables. Using multivariate statistical analyses we identified the role played by demographic, disease related, disability and social variables. Together these variables accounted for 44% of the variation in depressed mood. Demographic factors, disability measures, disease duration, social isolation and economic deprivation all made significant contributions to the explanation of depressed mood. The results of our study underline the importance of examining a wide range of factors in order to consider their relative influence on psychological state.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Newman
- Department of Academic Psychiatry, University College, Oxford, England
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Abstract
One hundred and five patients with rheumatoid arthritis were assessed on two occasions separated by 15 months, by means of the ARA functional scale, the Mallya and Mace index, the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and the Functional Limitations Profile (FLP). Thirty three per cent of patients were assessed as clinically changed in terms of the ARA scale. On both occasions cross-sectional correlations were strongest between the health status measures (HAQ and FLP) and grip strength and the Ritchie articular index. The sensitivity and specificity of the two health status measures in relation to clinical change were calculated and overall the HAQ and FLP achieved similarly modest levels of sensitivity and specificity. The greater amount of precision and information provided by the FLP has to be weighed against the simpler measurement assumptions and shorter time required to administer the HAQ.
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Codling BW, Lamb R. New cervical cytology request form is unusable. West J Med 1989. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.298.6673.597-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Lamb R, Qureshi S, Hamilton D, Patel R. Reply. Thorax 1988. [DOI: 10.1136/thx.43.6.503-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Abstract
This study examines the social relationships of a sample of 158 patients attending a hospital rheumatology clinic with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Scores of the sample were compared with those of other samples on the Interview Schedule for Social Interaction (ISSI). In addition the effects of severity of disease activity and of disability upon social relationships were examined. Diffuse social relationships such as with friends and acquaintances, rather than more intimate ones appear to be more affected in individuals with RA. Psychological well-being was assessed by means of two measures. The more favourably patients scored for social relationships, the more favourable were their scores for psychological well-being using both scores. More diffuse social relationships were more strongly correlated with psychological well-being than were the scores for more intimate relationships. Despite the strong effects of social relationships upon well-being, no buffering action on the effects of disability upon well-being were found.
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Abstract
A visual model of the sit-to-stand movement pattern was developed from the film data of 38 women and 17 men as they assumed standing from a seated position. We used the data from these film records to identify a representative initial starting position and displacements of body segments for each of 20 equal intervals throughout the movement cycle. Trajectories of data points on the head, acromion, midiliac crest, hip, and knee also were plotted. These diagrams demonstrate the time-space relationships of various body parts during the task. This normalized model may be used by physical therapists as a standard to which they can compare the movement pattern of a patient.
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Lamb R, Schreiber MP. Coping with the decline in census: balancing the bottom line and quality care. J Post Anesth Nurs 1986; 1:208-11. [PMID: 3091813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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