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Roome A, Hill L, Al-Feghali V, Murnock CG, Goodsell JA, Spathis R, Garruto RM. Impact of white-tailed deer on the spread of Borrelia burgdorferi. Med Vet Entomol 2017; 31:1-5. [PMID: 27699814 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
There is a public perception that the white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus (Artiodactyla: Cervidae) is the main reservoir supporting the maintenance and spread of the causative agent of Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorferi. This study examines the pathogen prevalence rate of Borrelia in adult Ixodes scapularis (Ixodida: Ixodidae), the black-legged tick, collected from white-tailed deer and compares it with pathogen prevalence rates in adult ticks gathered by dragging vegetation in two contiguous counties west of the Hudson Valley in upstate New York. In both Broome and Chenango Counties, attached and unattached ticks harvested from white-tailed deer had significantly lower prevalences of B. burgdorferi than those collected from vegetation. No attached ticks on deer (n = 148) in either county, and only 2.4 and 7.3% of unattached ticks (n = 389) in Broome and Chenango Counties, respectively, were harbouring the pathogen. This contrasts with the finding that 40.8% of ticks in Broome County and 46.8% of ticks in Chenango County collected from vegetation harboured the pathogen. These data suggest that a mechanism in white-tailed deer may aid in clearing the pathogen from attached deer ticks, although white-tailed deer do contribute to the spatial distribution of deer tick populations and also serve as deadend host breeding sites for ticks.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Roome
- Laboratory of Biomedical Anthropology and Neurosciences, Graduate Programme in Biomedical Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, U.S.A
- Department of Anthropology, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, U.S.A
| | - L Hill
- Laboratory of Biomedical Anthropology and Neurosciences, Graduate Programme in Biomedical Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, U.S.A
- Department of Anthropology, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, U.S.A
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Rensselaer, NY, U.S.A
| | - V Al-Feghali
- Laboratory of Biomedical Anthropology and Neurosciences, Graduate Programme in Biomedical Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, U.S.A
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Glen Head, NY, U.S.A
| | - C G Murnock
- Laboratory of Biomedical Anthropology and Neurosciences, Graduate Programme in Biomedical Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, U.S.A
- Department of Anthropology, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, U.S.A
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Division of Liver Diseases, New York, NY, U.S.A
| | - J A Goodsell
- Laboratory of Biomedical Anthropology and Neurosciences, Graduate Programme in Biomedical Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, U.S.A
- Department of Anthropology, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, U.S.A
- Banner Health, Phoenix, AZ, U.S.A
| | - R Spathis
- Laboratory of Biomedical Anthropology and Neurosciences, Graduate Programme in Biomedical Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, U.S.A
- Department of Anthropology, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, U.S.A
| | - R M Garruto
- Laboratory of Biomedical Anthropology and Neurosciences, Graduate Programme in Biomedical Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, U.S.A
- Department of Anthropology, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, U.S.A
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, U.S.A
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Abarzúa P, LoSardo JE, Gubler ML, Spathis R, Lu YA, Felix A, Neri A. Restoration of the transcription activation function to mutant p53 in human cancer cells. Oncogene 1996; 13:2477-82. [PMID: 8957091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The p53 tumor suppressor gene product is a sequence-specific transcription activator frequently mutated in a variety of human malignancies. Typically, tumor-derived p53 missense mutants are defective in DNA binding and this is likely to result in a failure to active p53-regulated genes. Hence, restoring function to mutant p53 represents an attractive target to develop a novel cancer chemotherapeutic agent. We now show that a small chemically modified peptide derived from p53 restores sequence-specific DNA binding to a subset of p53 mutants. Moreover, when microinjected into human colon carcinoma cells this peptide restores the transcription activation function to endogenous mutant p53 protein. This is the first example showing that a small peptide molecule can reverse the effect of several inactivating missense mutations and restore protein function.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Abarzúa
- Roche Research Center, Hoffmann-LaRoche Inc, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, USA
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Chen SJ, Spathis R, Schmidt J. Binding sites for [3H]-acetylcholine and 125I-alpha-bungarotoxin in the optic ganglion of Loligo pealii. Comp Biochem Physiol C Comp Pharmacol Toxicol 1988; 90:317-23. [PMID: 2902992 DOI: 10.1016/0742-8413(88)90005-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
1. In the optic ganglion of Loligo pealii, binding sites for [3H]-acetylcholine (KD: 5.2 x 10(-7) M; Bmax: 1.7 x 10(-11) mol/g tissue) and 125I-alpha-bungarotoxin (KD: 3.3 x 10(-9) M; Bmax: 9.7 x 10(-11) mol/g tissue) were observed. 2. Both sites are blocked by nicotinic compounds, but differ significantly in their affinity for individual ligands, with the acetylcholine site preferentially binding agonists, and the toxin site, antagonists. 3. The acetylcholine site is substantially more thermolabile than the toxin site. 4. A partial separation of the two binding activities is accomplished by sucrose density centrifugation. 5. These observations and a comparison with other tissues (Torpedo californica electroplaque; chick optic lobe; rat brain) suggest the presence, in the squid, of more than one kind of neuronal nicotinic receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, State University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
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