Translation and validation of the italian version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (pidaq) among adolescents

AIM

The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) is a valid tool aiming to evaluate the self-reported influence of dental aesthetics on quality of life. This questionnaire was developed in English for young adults, and later translated and validated with an Italian population. A new version of the questionnaire was recently introduced to be used in adolescents (11-17 years- old), but it had not been translated in Italian yet. Hence, the purpose of this study was to translate, cross-culturally adapt and validate the PIDAQ for adolescents, for its use among Italian subjects.

METHODS

To develop the Italian PIDAQ, the original version was translated, back-translated, cross-culturally adapted and pre-tested. Afterwards, the Italian PIDAQ was administered to a convenience sample of 677 subjects, aged 11-17 years, together with two other written questionnaires: the Aesthetic Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN-AC) and the Perception of Occlusion Scale (POS), which are instruments dedicated to assess the self-reported degree of malocclusion. A one-way ANOVA was performed to assess the difference between groups, within each PIDAQ factor, according to POS and IOTN-AC scores. The correlation between PIDAQ factors and POS/IOTN-AC scores was measured as Spearman's rank correlation. The internal consistency was assessed as Cronbach's alpha coef?cient (α), and the test-retest reproducibility as Intra-Class Correlation Coef?cient (ICC).

RESULTS

The one-way ANOVA showed that all the factors of the self- reported impact of dental aesthetics on quality of life significantly increased as the degree of malocclusion worsened (P<0.001). Furthermore, all the factors showed statistically significant correlations with both IOTN-AC and POS scores. The &#945; ranged between 0.79 and 0.90, and the ICC ranged between 0.93-0.97.

CONCLUSION

The Italian adolescent PIDAQ showed good reliability and validity. The psychometric properties of this version of the questionnaire support its use for the assessment of the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics among Italian adolescents.

Dental and skeletal effects of palatal expansion techniques: a systematic review of the current evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses

The aim was to assess the quality and to summarise the findings of the Systematic Reviews (SRs) and Meta-Analyses (MAs) on the dental and skeletal effects of maxillary expansion. Electronic and manual searches have been independently conducted by two investigators, up to February 2015. SRs and MAs on the dentoalveolar and skeletal effects of fixed expanders were included. The methodological quality was assessed using the AMSTAR (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews). The design of the primary studies included in each SR/MA was assessed with the LRD (Level of Research Design scoring). The evidence for each outcome was rated applying a pre-determined scale. Twelve SRs/MAs were included. The AMSTAR scores ranged from 4 to 10. Two SRs/MAs included only RCTs. The current findings from SRs/MAs support with high evidence a significant increase in the short-term of maxillary dentoalveolar transversal dimensions after Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME). The same effect is reported with moderate evidence after Slow Maxillary Expansion (SME). However, there is moderate evidence of a non-significant difference between the two expansion modalities concerning the short-term dentoalveolar effects. With both RME and SME, significant increase of skeletal transversal dimension in the short-term is reported, and the skeletal expansion is always smaller than the dentoalveolar. Even though dental relapse to some extent is present, long-term results of the dentoalveolar effects show an increase of the transversal dimension, supported by moderate evidence for RME and low evidence for SME. Skeletal long-term effects are reported only with RME, supported by very low evidence.

Ligneous periodontal lesions in a young child with severe plasminogen deficiency: a case report

BACKGROUND

Ligneous periodontitis or gingivitis is a rare periodontal disorder, secondary to plasminogen deficiency, characterised by nodular gingival enlargements and progressive destructive membranous periodontal disease.

CASE REPORT

We describe the early and successful dental management of a case of ligneous gingivitis secondary to plasminogen deficiency in a 6-year- old girl. The patient was referred because of a nodular asymptomatic gingival hypertrophy with ulceration around the eruption site of tooth 36, without any detectable tooth mobility. After non-surgical management of the lesion and strict follow-up, the first molar erupted completely, with no signs of bone and periodontal disease.

CONCLUSION

Ulcerated periodontal lesions could represent the ?rst signs of plasminogen deficiency. The early treatment is essential in preventing infections and the onset of a destructive periodontitis. The paediatric dentist may play a key role in early diagnosis and treatment.

A novel bracket base design: biomechanical stability

The aim of this research was to investigate the retention of a bracket equipped with a novel base, the R-system. The design of the bracket base is characterized by concentric grooves. The behaviour of this bracket was compared with a bracket with a conventional mesh base from the same manufacturer. Thirty lower adult bovine incisors were selected and metallic brackets were bonded using the Concise adhesive system. Each bracket-adhesive-enamel interface was investigated according to torsion debonding. One-way analysis of variance was used for statistical evaluation. Finite element analysis was also undertaken. In order to assess if the technique was detrimental to the enamel, the mode of failure was determined using the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI). The debonded surfaces were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron dispersion spectrometry (EDS). The R-system provided a bond strength greater than that of the mesh-base bracket. EDS showed that the amount of calcium on the novel base was higher than that on the conventional base, which allowed transfer of torsional stress more uniformly to the substrate, resulting in higher bond values for the R-system. On the other hand, as debonding of the R-system occurred at the enamel-composite interface, lesions to the enamel substrate are possible.

[Mouth opening in patients with systemic sclerosis: base analysis and during follow-up]

BACKGROUND

A large number of orofacial abnormalities have been described in patients with Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) but no data are reported on the correlation with different subgroups of patients on the efficacy of different therapies.

METHODS

In the present study mouth opening was retrospectively evaluated in 40 patients with SSc in whom measurement of interlabial distance was taken at the first clinical control and during follow-up. The data confirmed that the mouth opening is significantly decreased in patients with SSc independently from sclerosis subgroup, age or disease duration.

RESULTS

Follow-up (8 +/- 8.3 years) showed a different behaviour of the parameter: in 12 patients (group I) no variation in mouth opening was detected, in 18 patients (group II) a decrease and in 10 patients (group III) an increase was observed.

CONCLUSIONS

The only difference between the three groups was the treatment received: 80% of the patients of group III (p < 0.01) have been treated with cyclophosphamide (CF). Our data further support the efficacy of treatment with CF in patients with SSc.

[6 classes of Burstone: typodont evaluation]

The knowledge of force systems which are produced by orthodontic appliance is one of precondition for a rationale Orthodontic pretreatment. This article describes the force system developing when a straight wire is placed in two nonalligned brackets, to examine to typodont what is analysed by Burstone and Koenig in their study on six Classes.

[Bacterial recolonization in the guided regeneration of the inter-radicular periodontal tissues]

The present experimental study has been undertaken in order to analyse clinically and microbiologically the formation of new periodontal attachment in class II furcation lesions in mandibular molars, comparing healing after surgical conventional therapy and after guided periodontal tissue regeneration technique using non-resorbable membranes and evaluating at the same time, with cultural anaerobic technique, the influence on healing of the bacterial recolonization of some periodontally pathogenic species. Clinical results have demonstrated that, after therapy, may occur a certain discrepancy between soft and hard tissue regeneration and that the bone tissue shows a different pattern of apposition in the horizontal and vertical direction. Microbiological data have underlined the significance of surgical instrumentation in the guided inter-radicular periodontal tissue regeneration and have confirmed the necessity of maintaining the healing sites free from the main periodontal pathogens.

[Morphological and structural S.E.M. analysis of a new type of orthodontic bracket]

The SEM analysis, the metallographic analysis, the microhardness and the mechanic resistance before and after recycling treatment, are compared with the analysis made on a bracket earlier produced by the same firm.

[Effect of thermoelectrochemical recycling treatment on direct orthodontic brackets: morphological and dimensional S.E.M. analysis]

The AA, analyze the effects of recycling treatment of orthodontic stainless direct brackets. The ESMA method has been utilized, by BIG JANE E3762. A morphological and dimensional analysis has been done, before and after recycling, by SEM.

[Problems of professional responsibility in orthodontic practice in the public sector]

Characteristics aspects of orthodontics profession are emphasized. Problems about patient consent for treatment, his information and operator obligation to attend to treatment goals on particularly considered. Orthodontist behaviour errors causing a damage to the patient during diagnosis, treatment planning, orthodontic appliance planning and/or carrying out and therapy execution are analysed. Biologic factors having a significant influence on treatment effects are illustrated. Damages possibility even after long time from therapy are evaluated.

[Profilometric evaluation in orthodontico-surgical treatment planning]

The Authors propose the use of three profilometric analysis to obtain a total aesthetic evaluation of facial proportion and balance. Each analysis is commented explaining specific advantages in orthodontic-surgical treatment planning.

[Orthodontic treatment in adult periodontal patients with lingual technic: critical evaluation of a case]

The authors evaluate orthodontic treatment sequences considering the relationship between periodontal diseases and orthodontics. Indications to lingual technique utilizations an considered and methods of indirect bonding are illustrated. Finally a clinic case is reported showing mean technique sequences and their own advantages and disadvantages.

[Force systems for correction of lower molar inclination]

The authors analyzed the uprighting movement and suggested forces system developing wished movements considering M/F ratio generated on brackets. The effects of these system on anchorage segment were evaluated. Use of concurrent or non-concurrent was analyzed in the light of their "cohernce" with treatment goals.

[Injury to the TMJ in dental practice: criteria for review and evaluation in the public sector]

The Authors point out dental fields when a treatment error may cause considerable civil TMJ damages. Various damage kinds were examined and diagnosis standards to point them out were illustrated. Evaluation hypothesis using a table system when a sagittal mandibular excursion permanent deficit is present was suggested. The propose analysed the main percentages be bunded in Literature. The distance between upper and lower first bicuspid in maximum non forced mouth opening was considered as a necessary landmark to estimate the mandibular function deficit.