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Roohanitaziani R, de Maagd RA, Lammers M, Molthoff J, Meijer-Dekens F, van Kaauwen MPW, Finkers R, Tikunov Y, Visser RGF, Bovy AG. Exploration of a Resequenced Tomato Core Collection for Phenotypic and Genotypic Variation in Plant Growth and Fruit Quality Traits. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11111278. [PMID: 33137951 PMCID: PMC7692805 DOI: 10.3390/genes11111278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A tomato core collection consisting of 122 gene bank accessions, including landraces, old cultivars, and wild relatives, was explored for variation in several plant growth, yield and fruit quality traits. The resequenced accessions were also genotyped with respect to a number of mutations or variations in key genes known to underlie these traits. The yield-related traits fruit number and fruit weight were much higher in cultivated varieties when compared to wild accessions, while, in wild tomato accessions, Brix was higher than in cultivated varieties. Known mutations in fruit size and shape genes could well explain the fruit size variation, and fruit colour variation could be well explained by known mutations in key genes of the carotenoid and flavonoid pathway. The presence and phenotype of several plant architecture affecting mutations, such as self-pruning (sp), compound inflorescence (s), jointless-2 (j-2), and potato leaf (c) were also confirmed. This study provides valuable phenotypic information on important plant growth- and quality-related traits in this collection. The allelic distribution of known genes that underlie these traits provides insight into the role and importance of these genes in tomato domestication and breeding. This resource can be used to support (precision) breeding strategies for tomato crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raana Roohanitaziani
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands; (R.R.); (J.M.); (F.M.-D.); (M.P.W.v.K.); (R.F.); (Y.T.); (R.G.F.V.)
- Graduate School Experimental Plant Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud A. de Maagd
- Bioscience, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; (R.A.d.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Michiel Lammers
- Bioscience, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; (R.A.d.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Jos Molthoff
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands; (R.R.); (J.M.); (F.M.-D.); (M.P.W.v.K.); (R.F.); (Y.T.); (R.G.F.V.)
| | - Fien Meijer-Dekens
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands; (R.R.); (J.M.); (F.M.-D.); (M.P.W.v.K.); (R.F.); (Y.T.); (R.G.F.V.)
| | - Martijn P. W. van Kaauwen
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands; (R.R.); (J.M.); (F.M.-D.); (M.P.W.v.K.); (R.F.); (Y.T.); (R.G.F.V.)
| | - Richard Finkers
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands; (R.R.); (J.M.); (F.M.-D.); (M.P.W.v.K.); (R.F.); (Y.T.); (R.G.F.V.)
| | - Yury Tikunov
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands; (R.R.); (J.M.); (F.M.-D.); (M.P.W.v.K.); (R.F.); (Y.T.); (R.G.F.V.)
| | - Richard G. F. Visser
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands; (R.R.); (J.M.); (F.M.-D.); (M.P.W.v.K.); (R.F.); (Y.T.); (R.G.F.V.)
| | - Arnaud G. Bovy
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands; (R.R.); (J.M.); (F.M.-D.); (M.P.W.v.K.); (R.F.); (Y.T.); (R.G.F.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-317-480762
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Tikunov YM, Roohanitaziani R, Meijer‐Dekens F, Molthoff J, Paulo J, Finkers R, Capel I, Carvajal Moreno F, Maliepaard C, Nijenhuis‐de Vries M, Labrie CW, Verkerke W, van Heusden AW, van Eeuwijk F, Visser RGF, Bovy AG. The genetic and functional analysis of flavor in commercial tomato: the FLORAL4 gene underlies a QTL for floral aroma volatiles in tomato fruit. Plant J 2020; 103:1189-1204. [PMID: 32369642 PMCID: PMC7496274 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) has become a popular model for genetic studies of fruit flavor in the last two decades. In this article we present a study of tomato fruit flavor, including an analysis of the genetic, metabolic and sensorial variation of a collection of contemporary commercial glasshouse tomato cultivars, followed by a validation of the associations found by quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of representative biparental segregating populations. This led to the identification of the major sensorial and chemical components determining fruit flavor variation and detection of the underlying QTLs. The high representation of QTL haplotypes in the breeders' germplasm suggests that there is great potential for applying these QTLs in current breeding programs aimed at improving tomato flavor. A QTL on chromosome 4 was found to affect the levels of the phenylalanine-derived volatiles (PHEVs) 2-phenylethanol, phenylacetaldehyde and 1-nitro-2-phenylethane. Fruits of near-isogenic lines contrasting for this locus and in the composition of PHEVs significantly differed in the perception of fruity and rose-hip-like aroma. The PHEV locus was fine mapped, which allowed for the identification of FLORAL4 as a candidate gene for PHEV regulation. Using a gene-editing-based (CRISPR-CAS9) reverse-genetics approach, FLORAL4 was demonstrated to be the key factor in this QTL affecting PHEV accumulation in tomato fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury M. Tikunov
- Plant BreedingWageningen University and ResearchDroevendaalsesteeg 1Wageningen6708PBthe Netherlands
| | - Raana Roohanitaziani
- Plant BreedingWageningen University and ResearchDroevendaalsesteeg 1Wageningen6708PBthe Netherlands
| | - Fien Meijer‐Dekens
- Plant BreedingWageningen University and ResearchDroevendaalsesteeg 1Wageningen6708PBthe Netherlands
| | - Jos Molthoff
- Plant BreedingWageningen University and ResearchDroevendaalsesteeg 1Wageningen6708PBthe Netherlands
| | - Joao Paulo
- BiometrisWageningen University and ResearchDroevendaalsesteeg 1Wageningen6708PBthe Netherlands
| | - Richard Finkers
- Plant BreedingWageningen University and ResearchDroevendaalsesteeg 1Wageningen6708PBthe Netherlands
| | - Iris Capel
- Plant BreedingWageningen University and ResearchDroevendaalsesteeg 1Wageningen6708PBthe Netherlands
| | - Fatima Carvajal Moreno
- Plant BreedingWageningen University and ResearchDroevendaalsesteeg 1Wageningen6708PBthe Netherlands
| | - Chris Maliepaard
- Plant BreedingWageningen University and ResearchDroevendaalsesteeg 1Wageningen6708PBthe Netherlands
| | - Mariska Nijenhuis‐de Vries
- Food & Biobased ResearchWageningen University and ResearchBornse Weilanden 9Wageningen6708WGthe Netherlands
| | - Caroline W. Labrie
- Greenhouse HorticultureWageningen University and ResearchViolierenweg 1Bleiswijk2665MVthe Netherlands
| | - Wouter Verkerke
- Greenhouse HorticultureWageningen University and ResearchViolierenweg 1Bleiswijk2665MVthe Netherlands
| | - Adriaan W. van Heusden
- Plant BreedingWageningen University and ResearchDroevendaalsesteeg 1Wageningen6708PBthe Netherlands
| | - Fred van Eeuwijk
- BiometrisWageningen University and ResearchDroevendaalsesteeg 1Wageningen6708PBthe Netherlands
| | - Richard G. F. Visser
- Plant BreedingWageningen University and ResearchDroevendaalsesteeg 1Wageningen6708PBthe Netherlands
| | - Arnaud G. Bovy
- Plant BreedingWageningen University and ResearchDroevendaalsesteeg 1Wageningen6708PBthe Netherlands
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