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Haber R, Zarzour F, Ghezzawi M, Saadeh N, Bacha DS, Al Jebbawi L, Chakhtoura M, Mantzoros CS. The impact of metformin on weight and metabolic parameters in patients with obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:1850-1867. [PMID: 38468148 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
There are conflicting data on the weight-reducing potential of metformin (MTF) in nondiabetic patients with obesity. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of MTF on weight and cardiometabolic parameters in adults with overweight/obesity with or without nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (CRD42018085512). We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in adults without diabetes mellitus, with mean body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2, with or without NAFLD, comparing MTF to placebo/control, lifestyle modification (LSM) or a US Food and Drug Administration-approved anti-obesity drug, reporting on weight or metabolic parameters, and extending over at least 3 months. We conducted a systematic search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed and the Cochrane Library without time limitation (until March 2022). We screened and selected eligible articles, abstracted relevant data, and assessed the risk of bias. All steps were in duplicate and independently. We conducted a random-effects model meta-analysis using Review Manager version 5.3, with prespecified subgroup analyses in case of heterogeneity. We identified 2650 citations and included 49 trials (55 publications). Compared to placebo, MTF was associated with a significant reduction in BMI (mean difference [MD] -0.56 [-0.74, -0.37] kg/m2; p < 0.0001), at doses ranging from 500 to 2550 mg/day, and with a significant percentage change in BMI of -2.53% (-2.90, -2.17) at the dose 1700 mg/day. There was no interaction by baseline BMI, MTF dose or duration, nor presence or absence of NAFLD. There was no significant difference between MTF and LSM. Orlistat was more effective than MTF (at doses of 1000-1700 mg/day) in terms of weight loss, with an MD in BMI of -3.17 (-5.88; -0.47) kg/m2, favouring the former. Compared to placebo/control, MTF improved insulin parameters, while no effect was detected when compared to LSM. A few small trials showed heterogenous effects on liver parameters in patients with NAFLD treated with MTF compared to placebo/control. There was a large variability in the expression of outcome measures and RCTs were of low quality. In conclusion, MTF was associated with a modest weight reduction in obese nondiabetic patients. Further high-quality and better powered studies are needed to examine the impact of MTF in patients with insulin resistance and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachelle Haber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fatima Zarzour
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Malak Ghezzawi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Natalie Saadeh
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Dania S Bacha
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lama Al Jebbawi
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marlene Chakhtoura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston VA Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Haber R, Ghezzawi M, Puzantian H, Haber M, Saad S, Ghandour Y, El Bachour J, Yazbeck A, Hassanieh G, Mehdi C, Ismail D, Abi-Kharma E, El-Zein O, Khamis A, Chakhtoura M, Mantzoros C. Mortality risk in patients with obesity and COVID-19 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Metabolism 2024; 155:155812. [PMID: 38360130 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for severe respiratory diseases, including COVID-19 infection. Meta-analyses on mortality risk were inconsistent. We systematically searched 3 databases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL) and assessed the quality of studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa tool (CRD42020220140). We included 199 studies from US and Europe, with a mean age of participants 41.8-78.2 years, and a variable prevalence of metabolic co-morbidities of 20-80 %. Exceptionally, one third of the studies had a low prevalence of obesity of <20 %. Compared to patients with normal weight, those with obesity had a 34 % relative increase in the odds of mortality (p-value 0.002), with a dose-dependent relationship. Subgroup analyses showed an interaction with the country income. There was a high heterogeneity in the results, explained by clinical and methodologic variability across studies. We identified one trial only comparing mortality rate in vaccinated compared to unvaccinated patients with obesity; there was a trend for a lower mortality in the former group. Mortality risk in COVID-19 infection increases in parallel to an increase in BMI. BMI should be included in the predictive models and stratification scores used when considering mortality as an outcome in patients with COVID-19 infections. Furthermore, patients with obesity might need to be prioritized for COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachelle Haber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Malak Ghezzawi
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Houry Puzantian
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Hariri School of Nursing, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Marc Haber
- Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sacha Saad
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Yara Ghandour
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Anthony Yazbeck
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Celine Mehdi
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Dima Ismail
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elias Abi-Kharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ola El-Zein
- Saab Medical Library, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Assem Khamis
- Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, York, United Kingdom
| | - Marlene Chakhtoura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Christos Mantzoros
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Boston VA Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Ayoub CH, Haber R, Amine R, Mikati D, Mahfoud ZR, El Hajj A. Comparison of Postoperative Outcomes of Trans-urethral Resection of the Prostate, Laser Vaporization, and Laser Enucleation: A Double Propensity Score Matched Analysis. Urology 2023; 177:148-155. [PMID: 37182649 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare postoperative outcomes of 3 types of endourologic surgeries (trans-urethral resection of the prostate [TURP], laser vaporization [LVP], and laser enucleation [LEP]) for benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) treatment using the ACS-NSQIP database. METHODS The ACS-NSQIP database was queried for men who underwent TURP, PVP, and LEP for treatment of BPH from 2011 till 2019. Demographics, clinical, operative characteristics, and 30-day outcomes were compared. Univariate and multivariate regression models were constructed. Propensity score matching was then performed as a sensitivity analysis. RESULTS A total of 74,273 patients underwent endourologic surgeries for BPH, 65.4% had TURP, 28.6% PVP, and 5.9% LEP. Patients undergoing TURP were more likely to be older with higher ASA class, abnormal labs, and comorbidities (diabetic, congestive heart failure, and bleeding requiring transfusion) (P-value <.001). After adjusting for covariates and propensity score matching, LVP demonstrated shorter hospital stays, shorter operative times, less reoperation rates, decreased DVT/PE risk, with, however, higher odds of urinary tract infection and sepsis as compared to TURP (P-value<.028). Furthermore, LEP was found to have shorter hospital stays, longer operative times, and decreased odds of urinary tract infections and sepsis as compared to TURP (P-value<.006). CONCLUSION LVP and LEP showed better surgical outcomes and characteristics as compared to TURP. Further research is needed to account for longer duration of follow-up and patient-specific urologic outcomes, such as prostate size, urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction, and retrograde ejaculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Habib Ayoub
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Rachelle Haber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Reem Amine
- Department of Ophthalmology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Diana Mikati
- Salim El-Hoss Bioethics & Professionalism Program, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | | | - Albert El Hajj
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Chakhtoura M, Haber R, Ghezzawi M, Rhayem C, Tcheroyan R, Mantzoros CS. Pharmacotherapy of obesity: an update on the available medications and drugs under investigation. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 58:101882. [PMID: 36992862 PMCID: PMC10041469 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an epidemic and a public health threat. Medical weight management remains one of the options for the treatment of excess weight and recent advances have revolutionized how we treat, and more importantly how we will be treating obesity in the near future. Metreleptin and Setmelanotide are currently indicated for rare obesity syndromes, and 5 other medications (orlistat, phentermine/topiramate, naltrexone/bupropion, liraglutide, semaglutide) are approved for non-syndromic obesity. Tirzepatide is about to be approved, and other drugs, with exciting novel mechanisms of action primarily based on incretins, are currently being investigated in different phases of clinical trials. The majority of these compounds act centrally, to reduce appetite and increase satiety, and secondarily, in the gastrointestinal tract to slow gastric emptying. All anti-obesity medications improve weight and metabolic parameters, with variable potency and effects depending on the specific drug. The currently available data do not support a reduction in hard cardiovascular outcomes, but it is almost certain that such data are forthcoming in the very near future. The choice of the anti-obesity medication needs to take into consideration the patient's clinical and biochemical profile, co-morbidities, and drug contra-indications, as well as expected degree of weight loss and improvements in cardio-renal and metabolic risk. It also remains to be seen whether precision medicine may offer personalized solutions to individuals with obesity, and whether it may represent the future of medical weight management along with the development of novel, very potent, anti-obesity medications currently in the pipeline. Funding None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Chakhtoura
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rachelle Haber
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Malak Ghezzawi
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Caline Rhayem
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Raya Tcheroyan
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Christos S. Mantzoros
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Boston VA Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Corresponding author. Harvard Medical School, AN-249, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Zabet K, Rossiter JA, Haber R, Abdullah M. Pole-placement Predictive Functional Control for under-damped systems with real numbers algebra. ISA Trans 2017; 71:403-414. [PMID: 28867239 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the new algorithm of PP-PFC (Pole-placement Predictive Functional Control) for stable, linear under-damped higher-order processes. It is shown that while conventional PFC aims to get first-order exponential behavior, this is not always straightforward with significant under-damped modes and hence a pole-placement PFC algorithm is proposed which can be tuned more precisely to achieve the desired dynamics, but exploits complex number algebra and linear combinations in order to deliver guarantees of stability and performance. Nevertheless, practical implementation is easier by avoiding complex number algebra and hence a modified formulation of the PP-PFC algorithm is also presented which utilises just real numbers while retaining the key attributes of simple algebra, coding and tuning. The potential advantages are demonstrated with numerical examples and real-time control of a laboratory plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Zabet
- Cologne Univ. of Applied Sciences, Inst. of Plant and Process Engineering, Betzdorfer Str. 2, D-50679 Koeln, Germany
| | - J A Rossiter
- Dept. of Automatic Control and Systems Eng., University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.
| | - R Haber
- Cologne Univ. of Applied Sciences, Inst. of Plant and Process Engineering, Betzdorfer Str. 2, D-50679 Koeln, Germany.
| | - M Abdullah
- Dept. of Automatic Control and Systems Eng., University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
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Haber R, Bourrat E, Derache AF, Rivet J, Bagot M, Dalle JH, Bouaziz JD. Image Gallery: Juvenile cutaneous chronic graft-versus-host disease presenting as bullous pemphigoid. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:e69. [PMID: 28940263 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Haber
- Service de Dermatologie, AP-HP, Université Paris VII Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - E Bourrat
- Service de Dermatologie, AP-HP, Université Paris VII Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - A-F Derache
- Service d'Hématologie-Immunologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - J Rivet
- Service d'Anatomopathologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - M Bagot
- Service de Dermatologie, AP-HP, Université Paris VII Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - J-H Dalle
- Service d'Hématologie-Immunologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - J-D Bouaziz
- Service de Dermatologie, AP-HP, Université Paris VII Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
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Haber R, Baroudjian B, Battistella M, Bagot M, Petit A. [Apparent worsening of psoriasis lesions revealing methotrexate overdosage]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2017; 145:104-108. [PMID: 28917574 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methotrexate (MTX) is an antimetabolite drug used in the treatment of cancers and autoimmune diseases and frequently in dermatology for cutaneous and/or arthritic psoriasis. Toxicities due to MTX overdosage are mainly cutaneous, hepatic and hematologic. Herein, we report a case of MTX overdosage presenting as an erosive and an inflammatory flare of preexisting psoriatic plaques and with new palmar lesions. PATIENTS AND METHODS A 51-year-old male with a 6-year history of plaque psoriasis resistant to topical corticosteroids was started for the first time on MTX 20mg weekly. One week later, he presented with fever, general weakness and mucocutaneous ulcerations. Physical examination revealed inflammatory, erythematous and partially erosive annular plaques strictly confined to preexisting psoriatic lesions, along with keratotic psoriatic palmar plaques. Further questioning indicated that the patient was taking MTX 20mg daily. Investigations revealed neutropenia (1040/mm3) and skin histology showed prominent dystrophic keratinocytes and confirmed the diagnosis of methotrexate toxicity. Clinical and biological improvements were observed after cessation of MTX and treatment with folinic acid, IV hydration and urine alkalization. DISCUSSION Skin lesions due to acute MTX toxicity are rare, but they herald later-onset pancytopenia. Identification of these cutaneous lesions might enable earlier treatment initiation. The predilection of MTX toxicity for preexisting lesions or the de novo appearance of palmoplantar pustules should not lead to the erroneous diagnosis of psoriasis flare.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Haber
- Service de dermatologie, St George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Liban.
| | - B Baroudjian
- Service de dermatologie, hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - M Battistella
- Service de pathologie, hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - M Bagot
- Service de dermatologie, hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - A Petit
- Service de dermatologie, hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
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Haber R, Maatouk I, De Barbeyrac B, Bagot M, Janier M, Fouere S. LGV très inflammatoires : le génotype L2b de Chlamydia trachomatis est-il plus virulent ? Ann Dermatol Venereol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2016.09.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Haber R, Battistella M, Pages C, Bagot M, Lebbe C, Basset-Seguin N. Carcinomes sébacés cutanés : étude de 24 cas et revue de la littérature. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2016.09.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Haber
- Department of Dermatology; Hotel Dieu de France University Hospital; Beirut Lebanon
- Faculty of Medicine; Saint Joseph University; Beirut Lebanon
| | - F. Stéphan
- Department of Dermatology; Hotel Dieu de France University Hospital; Beirut Lebanon
- Faculty of Medicine; Saint Joseph University; Beirut Lebanon
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Kechichian E, Mourad N, Haber R, Elkhoury R, Tomb R. F9 : Premier cas de syndrome de Maffucci associé à des nevi épidermiques multiples. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0151-9638(16)30116-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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El Khoury R, Kechichian E, Mourad N, Haber R, Tomb R, Maalouf E. F8 : Ichtyose linéaire circonflexe précoce dans le cadre d’un syndrome de Netherton. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0151-9638(16)30115-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Rossiter JA, Haber R, Zabet K. Pole-placement Predictive Functional Control for over-damped systems with real poles. ISA Trans 2016; 61:229-239. [PMID: 26723844 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper gives new insight and design proposals for Predictive Functional Control (PFC) algorithms. Common practice and indeed a requirement of PFC is to select a coincidence horizon greater than one for high-order systems and for the link between the design parameters and the desired dynamic to be weak. Here the proposal is to use parallel first-order models to form an independent prediction model and show that with these it is possible both to use a coincidence horizon of one and moreover to obtain precisely the desired closed-loop dynamics. It is shown through analysis that the use of a coincidence horizon of one greatly simplifies coding, tuning, constraint handling and implementation. The paper derives the key results for high-order and non-minimum phase processes and also demonstrates the flexibility and potential industrial utility of the proposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Rossiter
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.
| | - R Haber
- University of Applied Science Cologne, Department of Plant and Process Engineering, D-50679 Kln, Betzdorfer Str. 2, Germany.
| | - K Zabet
- University of Applied Science Cologne, Department of Plant and Process Engineering, D-50679 Kln, Betzdorfer Str. 2, Germany
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Haber R, Farid S. [Granulomatous tattoo reaction confined to red pigment]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2015; 143:79-80. [PMID: 26640082 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Haber
- Département de dermatologie, hôpital Hôtel-Dieu de France, centre hospitalier, Beyrouth, Liban; Faculté de médecine, université Saint-Joseph, rue Alfred-Naccache, Achrafieh, Beyrouth, Liban.
| | - S Farid
- Département de dermatologie, hôpital Hôtel-Dieu de France, centre hospitalier, Beyrouth, Liban; Faculté de médecine, université Saint-Joseph, rue Alfred-Naccache, Achrafieh, Beyrouth, Liban
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Haber R, Stephan F, Kamar F, Tomb R. Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in a patient with drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 30:869-71. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Haber
- Department of Dermatology; Hotel Dieu de France University Hospital; Beirut Lebanon
- Faculty of Medicine; Saint Joseph University; Beirut Lebanon
| | - F. Stephan
- Department of Dermatology; Hotel Dieu de France University Hospital; Beirut Lebanon
- Faculty of Medicine; Saint Joseph University; Beirut Lebanon
| | - F. Kamar
- Department of Oncology; Belle-Vue Medical Center; Beirut Lebanon
| | - R. Tomb
- Department of Dermatology; Hotel Dieu de France University Hospital; Beirut Lebanon
- Faculty of Medicine; Saint Joseph University; Beirut Lebanon
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Haber R. Buchbesprechung: Nonlinear Dynamics of Production Systems. Von G. Radons, R. Neugebauer. CHEM-ING-TECH 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200490424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Haber R, Grotberg JB, Glucksberg MR, Miserocchi G, Venturoli D, Del Fabbro M, Waters CM. Steady-state pleural fluid flow and pressure and the effects of lung buoyancy. J Biomech Eng 2001; 123:485-92. [PMID: 11601734 DOI: 10.1115/1.1392317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Both theoretical and experimental studies of pleural fluid dynamics and lung buoyancy during steady-state, apneic conditions are presented. The theory shows that steady-state, top-to-bottom pleural-liquid flow creates a pressure distribution that opposes lung buoyancy. These two forces may balance, permitting dynamic lung floating, but when they do not, pleural-pleural contact is required. The animal experiments examine pleural-liquid pressure distributions in response to simulated reduced gravity, achieved by lung inflation with perfluorocarbon liquid as compared to air. The resulting decrease in lung buoyancy modifies the force balance in the pleural fluid, which is reflected in its vertical pressure gradient. The data and model show that the decrease in buoyancy with perfluorocarbon inflation causes the vertical pressure gradient to approach hydrostatic. In the microgravity analogue, the pleural pressures would be toward a more uniform distribution, consistent with ventilation studies during space flight. The pleural liquid turnover predicted by the model is computed and found to be comparable to experimental values from the literature. The model provides the flow field, which can be used to develop a full transport theory for molecular and cellular constituents that are found in pleural fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Haber
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- R Villanueva
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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Bernstein RM, Rassman WR, Seager D, Shapiro R, Cooley JE, Norwood OT, Stough DB, Beehner M, Arnold J, Limmer BL, Avram MR, McClellan RE, Rose PT, Blugerman G, Gandelman M, Cotterill PC, Haber R, Jones R, Vogel JE, Moy RL, Unger WP. Standardizing the classification and description of follicular unit transplantation and mini-micrografting techniques. The American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, Inc. Dermatol Surg 1998; 24:957-63. [PMID: 9754083 DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.1998.tb04288.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Previous attempts at classifying small graft transplants have focused mainly upon graft size and have not taken into consideration other technical factors involved in graft production that may influence the outcome of the surgery. The proposed classification attempts to consider these factors by including various technical aspects of harvesting, dissection, and placement, all of which impact the quality and quantity of the small grafts used in the procedure. By standardizing the nomenclature, as well as the description of the other factors involved in the surgery, communication between physicians and patients may be facilitated. In addition, different procedures may be more accurately studied and compared.
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Lyketsos CG, Storch DD, Lann HD, Finn R, Haber R, Meng R. HIV infection in Maryland public psychiatric facilities: results of an informal survey. Md Med J 1993; 42:571-3. [PMID: 8377630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The Maryland Psychiatric Society (MPS) Public Psychiatry Committee, concerned with the preparedness of Baltimore mental health facilities to deal with the accelerating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic, surveyed public sector mental health facilities. The survey results indicated that the number of HIV-infected patients is greatly underestimated. Care providers acknowledged awareness of the problem and wanted more education.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Lyketsos
- AIDS Psychiatry Service, Johns Hopkins University
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Abstract
The gene for tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) heretofore was believed to be expressed only in liver. The data presented here demonstrate that RNA encoding TDO is present in rodent brain. Oligonucleotide primers based on the rat liver TDO cDNA sequence were synthesized and used to amplify RNA derived from mouse whole brain and liver and rat brain regions by the RNA-PCR. Reaction products were purified and subjected to DNA sequencing. Identical sequences were obtained when mouse whole brain and liver RNAs were amplified, and these sequences were shown to be 96% identical to the published rat liver tryptophan TDO cDNA sequence. In addition, TDO sequences were found in RNA derived from rat brainstem, cerebellum, cortex, hypothalamus, and the remainder of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Haber
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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Abstract
The mRNA that encodes a serotonin transporter was expressed using the Xenopus laevis oocyte expression system. Poly(A)+ RNA isolated from mouse brainstem was injected into Xenopus laevis oocytes, and the ability of oocytes to take up serotonin was measured 3 days postinjection. RNA-dependent serotonin uptake was sensitive to citalopram, a specific inhibitor of serotonin uptake, whereas background levels of serotonin uptake were not citalopram sensitive. Two RNA size fractions, 4.0 and 4.5 kb, were most efficient in stimulating uptake. Injection into Xenopus laevis oocytes of the 4.5-kb size fraction of mouse brainstem RNA resulted in threefold more serotonin uptake than did injection of unfractionated poly(A)+ RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Haber
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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Abstract
Factors related to hospital resource use by intensive care unit (ICU) patients, including severity of illness at admission and intensity of therapy during the first 24 ICU hours were explored in this study. Analysis was based on 2,749 patients admitted to the general medical-surgical ICU at Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts, between February 1, 1983 and January 10, 1985. Resource use was indexed by hospital length of stay (LOS) adjusted for differences between ICU and other hospital days. Severity of illness was measured by the Mortality Prediction Model (MPM0), a validated predictor of outcome but not previously used to analyze resource consumption. Intensity of therapy was measured using the Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System (TISS). The 10% of patients with longest ICU stays were significantly different from the other 90% with respect to previous ICU use, MPM probability, and TISS score. Variability in resource use was analyzed using four diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) accounting for large numbers of ICU patients. The relationship between severity of illness and resource was nonlinear: as severity increased from low levels, resource use increased at a decreasing rate, reached a plateau, and eventually declined. Within each DRG, MPM0 explained a statistically significant percentage of the variability in resource use.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rapoport
- Department of Economics, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, MA
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Abstract
Communication between distant DNA sites is a central feature of many DNA transactions. Negative regulation of the galactose (gal) operon of Escherichia coli requires repressor binding to two operator sites located on opposite sides of the promoter. The proposed mechanism for regulation involves binding of the repressor to both operator sites, followed by a protein-protein association that loops the intervening promoter DNA (double occupancy plus association). To assess these requirements in vivo, we have previously converted gal operator sites to lac and shown that both operator sites must be occupied by the homologous repressor protein (Lac or Gal) for negative regulation of the gal operon. We have now addressed more directly the need for protein-protein association by the use of the converted operator sites and a mutant Lac repressor defective in association of the DNA-binding dimers. We have compared the biological and biochemical activity of two Lac repressors: the wild-type (tetramer) I+ form, in which the DNA-binding dimer units are tightly associated; and the mutant Iadi repressor, in which the dimer units do not associate effectively. The I+ repressor is an efficient negative regulator of the gal operon in vivo, but the Iadi mutant is an ineffective repressor. Purified I+ repressor efficiently forms DNA loops between operator sites that we have visualized by electron microscopy; the Iadi repressor fails to form DNA loops, although the protein binds effectively to both operator sites. From the clear correlation between looping in vitro and repression in vivo, we conclude that regulation of the gal operon depends on the association of repressor proteins bound to the two operator sites.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mandal
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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27
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Abstract
Two operators, spatially separated from each other and from the promoters, repress the gal operon when bound to Gal repressor. Conversion of either gal operator to a lac operator results in derepression, although both Gal and Lac repressors are present, suggesting that mere occupation of operator sites is not sufficient to cause repression. Conversion of both operators to lac operators restores normal repression in the presence of Lac repressor protein. We propose that normal repression requires interaction between operator-bound like repressor molecules; this generates a DNA loop, which is part of a higher order structure. RNA polymerase and cyclic AMP receptor protein are present in this complex but unable to initiate transcription because of the higher order structure. Such higher order DNA-multiprotein complexes could occur in a variety of genetic regulatory systems that are controlled from distal sites by regulatory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Haber
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892
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Tolstoshev P, Haber R, Trapnell BC, Crystal RG. Procollagen messenger RNA levels and activity and collagen synthesis during the fetal development of sheep lung, tendon, and skin. J Biol Chem 1981; 256:9672-9. [PMID: 7287703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The rates of type I collagen synthesis in sheep lung, tendon, and skin were evaluated during the latter half of fetal development and compared with the levels of type I procollagen mRNA, quantified by molecular hybridization with a type I procollagen specific complementary DNA, and with the activity of total procollagen mRNA measured by in vitro cell-free translation. In the lung and tendon, the levels of type I procollagen mRNA and activity of total procollagen mRNA parallel collagen synthesis during development. In the skin, however, type I collagen synthesis declines sharply during fetal development, but both type I procollagen mRNA levels and total procollagen mRNA activity remain at the high levels of early development. These observations suggest that in developing lung and tendon, type I procollagen mRNA levels are likely the major determinants of the levels of type I collagen synthesis. In contrast, the dichotomy between type I procollagen mRNA levels and rates of type I collagen synthesis in the developing sheep skin suggest the skin utilizes mechanisms in addition to mRNA levels to modulate expression of the type I collagen gene.
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Tolstoshev P, Haber R, Trapnell B, Crystal R. Procollagen messenger RNA levels and activity and collagen synthesis during the fetal development of sheep lung, tendon, and skin. J Biol Chem 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)68815-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Abstract
Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is a biotransformation product of theophylline (1,3-dimethylxanthine) in the human fetus. Liver explants, obtained from human fetuses with gestational ages of 12 to 20 weeks, were incubated with theophylline and produced caffeine and, in lesser amounts, 1,3-dimethyluric acid and 3-methylxanthine. These findings suggest that the predominant pathway in theophylline metabolism in the fetus and newborn infant is the methylation reaction producing caffeine. This may contribute to the neonate's exceedingly slower elimination of caffeine relative to theophylline. Caffeine produced from theophylline may add to the pharmacologic effects of theophylline in newborn infants with apnea.
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Tolstoshev P, Haber R, Crystal RG. Procollagen alpha2 mRNA is significantly different from procollagen alpha1(I) mRNA in size or secondary structure. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1979; 87:818-26. [PMID: 454429 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(79)92031-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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