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Azevedo PHRDA, Camargo PG, Constant LEC, Costa SDS, Silva CS, Rosa AS, Souza DDC, Tucci AR, Ferreira VNS, Oliveira TKF, Borba NRR, Rodrigues CR, Albuquerque MG, Dias LRS, Garrett R, Miranda MD, Allonso D, Lima CHDS, Muri EMF. Statine-based peptidomimetic compounds as inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 main protease (SARS-CoV‑2 Mpro). Sci Rep 2024; 14:8991. [PMID: 38637583 PMCID: PMC11026380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is a multisystemic disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 airborne virus, a member of the Coronaviridae family. It has a positive sense single-stranded RNA genome and encodes two non-structural proteins through viral cysteine-proteases processing. Blocking this step is crucial to control virus replication. In this work, we reported the synthesis of 23 statine-based peptidomimetics to determine their ability to inhibit the main protease (Mpro) activity of SARS-CoV-2. Among the 23 peptidomimetics, 15 compounds effectively inhibited Mpro activity by 50% or more, while three compounds (7d, 8e, and 9g) exhibited maximum inhibition above 70% and IC50 < 1 µM. Compounds 7d, 8e, and 9g inhibited roughly 80% of SARS-CoV-2 replication and proved no cytotoxicity. Molecular docking simulations show putative hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interactions between specific amino acids and these inhibitors. Molecular dynamics simulations further confirmed the stability and persisting interactions in Mpro's subsites, exhibiting favorable free energy binding (ΔGbind) values. These findings suggest the statine-based peptidomimetics as potential therapeutic agents against SARS-CoV-2 by targeting Mpro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Henrique R de A Azevedo
- Laboratório de Química Medicinal, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, 24241-000, Brazil
| | - Priscila G Camargo
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-853, Brazil
| | - Larissa E C Constant
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Bioengenharia Tecidual, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-853, Brazil
| | - Stephany da S Costa
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Bioengenharia Tecidual, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-853, Brazil
| | - Celimar Sinézia Silva
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Bioengenharia Tecidual, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-853, Brazil
| | - Alice S Rosa
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel D C Souza
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Amanda R Tucci
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Vivian N S Ferreira
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Thamara Kelcya F Oliveira
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Nathalia R R Borba
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos R Rodrigues
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-853, Brazil
| | - Magaly G Albuquerque
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-853, Brazil
| | - Luiza R S Dias
- Laboratório de Química Medicinal, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, 24241-000, Brazil
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-853, Brazil
| | - Milene D Miranda
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Diego Allonso
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Bioengenharia Tecidual, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-853, Brazil
- Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-853, Brazil
| | - Camilo Henrique da S Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-853, Brazil.
| | - Estela Maris F Muri
- Laboratório de Química Medicinal, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, 24241-000, Brazil.
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Neto DFM, Garrett R, Domont GB, Campos FAP, Nogueira FCS. Untargeted Metabolomic Analysis of Leaves and Roots of Jatropha curcas Genotypes with Contrasting Levels of Phorbol Esters. Physiol Plant 2024; 176:e14274. [PMID: 38566272 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Phorbol esters (PE) are toxic diterpenoids accumulated in physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) seed tissues. Their biosynthetic pathway remains unknown, and the participation of roots in this process may be possible. Thus, we set out to study the deposition pattern of PE and other terpenoids in roots and leaves of genotypes with detected (DPE) and not detected (NPE) phorbol esters based on previous studies. OUTLINE OF DATA RESOURCES We analyzed physic nut leaf and root organic extracts using LC-HRMS. By an untargeted metabolomics approach, it was possible to annotate 496 and 146 metabolites in the positive and negative electrospray ionization modes, respectively. KEY RESULTS PE were detected only in samples of the DPE genotype. Remarkably, PE were found in both leaves and roots, making this study the first report of PE in J. curcas roots. Furthermore, untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed that diterpenoids and apocarotenoids are preferentially accumulated in the DPE genotype in comparison with NPE, which may be linked to the divergence between the genotypes concerning PE biosynthesis, since sesquiterpenoids showed greater abundance in the NPE. UTILITY OF THE RESOURCE The LC-HRMS files, publicly available in the MassIVE database (identifier MSV000092920), are valuable as they expand our understanding of PE biosynthesis, which can assist in the development of molecular strategies to reduce PE levels in toxic genotypes, making possible the food use of the seedcake, as well as its potential to contain high-quality spectral information about several other metabolites that may possess biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domingos F M Neto
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, CE, Brasil
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Laboratório de Metabolômica/LADETEC, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Gilberto B Domont
- Unidade Proteômica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Francisco A P Campos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, CE, Brasil
| | - Fábio C S Nogueira
- Unidade Proteômica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
- Laboratório de Proteômica/LADETEC, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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de Souza HMR, Pereira TTP, de Sá HC, Alves MA, Garrett R, Canuto GAB. Critical Factors in Sample Collection and Preparation for Clinical Metabolomics of Underexplored Biological Specimens. Metabolites 2024; 14:36. [PMID: 38248839 PMCID: PMC10819689 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This review article compiles critical pre-analytical factors for sample collection and extraction of eight uncommon or underexplored biological specimens (human breast milk, ocular fluids, sebum, seminal plasma, sweat, hair, saliva, and cerebrospinal fluid) under the perspective of clinical metabolomics. These samples are interesting for metabolomics studies as they reflect the status of living organisms and can be applied for diagnostic purposes and biomarker discovery. Pre-collection and collection procedures are critical, requiring protocols to be standardized to avoid contamination and bias. Such procedures must consider cleaning the collection area, sample stimulation, diet, and food and drug intake, among other factors that impact the lack of homogeneity of the sample group. Precipitation of proteins and removal of salts and cell debris are the most used sample preparation procedures. This review intends to provide a global view of the practical aspects that most impact results, serving as a starting point for the designing of metabolomic experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hygor M. R. de Souza
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, LabMeta—LADETEC, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil;
| | - Tássia T. P. Pereira
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolucao, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil;
- Departamento de Biodiversidade, Evolução e Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Hanna C. de Sá
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil;
| | - Marina A. Alves
- Instituto de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais Walter Mors, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, Brazil;
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, LabMeta—LADETEC, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gisele A. B. Canuto
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil;
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de Souza Wuillda ACJ, das Neves Costa F, Garrett R, Dos Santos de Carvalho M, Borges RM. High-speed countercurrent chromatography with offline detection by electrospray mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance detection as a tool to resolve complex mixtures: A practical approach using Coffea arabica leaf extract. Phytochem Anal 2024; 35:40-52. [PMID: 37527932 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many secondary metabolites isolated from plants have been described in the literature owing to their important biological properties and possible pharmacological applications. However, the identification of compounds present in complex plant extracts has remained a great scientific challenge, is often laborious, and requires a long research time with high financial cost. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to develop a method that allows the identification of secondary metabolites in plant extracts with a high degree of confidence in a short period of time. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, an ethanolic extract of Coffea arabica leaves was used to validate the proposed method. Countercurrent chromatography was chosen as the initial step for extraction fractionation using gradient elution. Resulting fractions presented a variation of compounds concentrations, allowing for statistical total correlation spectroscopy (STOCSY) calculations between liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS) and NMR across fractions. RESULTS The proposed method allowed the identification of 57 compounds. Of the annotated compounds, 20 were previously described in the literature for the species and 37 were reported for the first time. Among the inedited compounds, we identified flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolic acids, coumarins, and terpenes. CONCLUSION The proposed method presents itself as a valid alternative for the study of complex extracts in an effective, fast, and reliable way that can be reproduced in the study of other extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernanda das Neves Costa
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais Walter Mors, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Moreira Borges
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais Walter Mors, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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de Souza HMR, Scalco FB, Garrett R, de C Marques FF. Development of a kit for urine collection on filter paper as an alternative for Pompe disease screening and monitoring by LC-HRMS. Anal Methods 2023; 15:3932-3939. [PMID: 37539791 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00587a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Pompe disease (PD) is an inborn error of metabolism caused by α-glucosidase acid enzyme deficiency. It significantly impacts patients' health and life quality and may lead to death in the first few years of life. Among the well-established diagnostic methods, urinary glucose tetrasaccharide (Glc4) screening by high performance-liquid chromatography has been helpful in monitoring Glc4 levels in patients on enzyme replacement therapy, demonstrating therapy efficacy. However, the specimen shipping process from a sample collecting location to a specialized laboratory for monitoring the Glc4 is costly and presents preanalytical challenges. In this work, we developed a filter paper based-urine collection kit to facilitate specimen shipment, and liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) analysis to determine Glc4 and creatinine in dried urine on filter paper. The LC-HRMS was based on a combination of targeted and untargeted screening on the same specimen injection and was successfully developed and validated. Bland-Altman statistics revealed a good relationship between dried and liquid urine samples and Glc4 and creatinine. Glc4 and other metabolites in dried urine showed stability for at least 7 days at 4 and 22 °C, and 3 days at 50 °C. The stability of the analytes and the efficiency of the kit were tested simulating real conditions by sending it by post. After two days in transit without refrigeration, the stability of compounds was maintained, showing the reliability of the urine collection kit and analysis method to determine the PD biomarker Glc4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hygor M R de Souza
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Chemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
- Fluminense Federal University, Institute of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Analytical Chemistry, Niterói 24020-141, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda B Scalco
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Chemistry, Inborn Error of Metabolism Laboratory, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Chemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
| | - Flávia F de C Marques
- Fluminense Federal University, Institute of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Analytical Chemistry, Niterói 24020-141, RJ, Brazil.
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Gama-Almeida MC, Pinto GDA, Teixeira L, Hottz ED, Ivens P, Ribeiro H, Garrett R, Torres AG, Carneiro TIA, Barbalho BDO, Ludwig C, Struchiner CJ, Assunção-Miranda I, Valente APC, Bozza FA, Bozza PT, Dos Santos GC, El-Bacha T. Integrated NMR and MS Analysis of the Plasma Metabolome Reveals Major Changes in One-Carbon, Lipid, and Amino Acid Metabolism in Severe and Fatal Cases of COVID-19. Metabolites 2023; 13:879. [PMID: 37512587 PMCID: PMC10384698 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Brazil has the second-highest COVID-19 death rate worldwide, and Rio de Janeiro is among the states with the highest rate in the country. Although vaccine coverage has been achieved, it is anticipated that COVID-19 will transition into an endemic disease. It is concerning that the molecular mechanisms underlying clinical evolution from mild to severe disease, as well as the mechanisms leading to long COVID-19, are not yet fully understood. NMR and MS-based metabolomics were used to identify metabolites associated with COVID-19 pathophysiology and disease outcome. Severe COVID-19 cases (n = 35) were enrolled in two reference centers in Rio de Janeiro within 72 h of ICU admission, alongside 12 non-infected control subjects. COVID-19 patients were grouped into survivors (n = 18) and non-survivors (n = 17). Choline-related metabolites, serine, glycine, and betaine, were reduced in severe COVID-19, indicating dysregulation in methyl donors. Non-survivors had higher levels of creatine/creatinine, 4-hydroxyproline, gluconic acid, and N-acetylserine, indicating liver and kidney dysfunction. Several changes were greater in women; thus, patients' sex should be considered in pandemic surveillance to achieve better disease stratification and improve outcomes. These metabolic alterations may be useful to monitor organ (dys) function and to understand the pathophysiology of acute and possibly post-acute COVID-19 syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos C Gama-Almeida
- LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Gabriela D A Pinto
- LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Lívia Teixeira
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-361, Brazil
| | - Eugenio D Hottz
- Laboratory of Immunothrombosis, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36936-900, Brazil
| | - Paula Ivens
- LabMeta, Metabolomics Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Hygor Ribeiro
- LabMeta, Metabolomics Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
- Lipid Biochemistry and Lipidomics Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Rafael Garrett
- LabMeta, Metabolomics Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Alexandre G Torres
- LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Lipid Biochemistry and Lipidomics Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Talita I A Carneiro
- LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Bianca de O Barbalho
- LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Christian Ludwig
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2SQ, UK
| | - Claudio J Struchiner
- School of Applied Mathematics, Fundação Getúlio Vargas, Rio de Janeiro 22231-080, Brazil
- Institute of Social Medicine, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil
| | - Iranaia Assunção-Miranda
- LaRIV, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula C Valente
- National Center for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Jiri Jonas, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Fernando A Bozza
- National Institute of Infectious Disease Evandro Chagas, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro 22281-100, Brazil
| | - Patrícia T Bozza
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-361, Brazil
| | - Gilson C Dos Santos
- LabMet-Laboratory of Metabolomics, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes (IBRAG), Department of Genetics, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Tatiana El-Bacha
- LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Lipid Biochemistry and Lipidomics Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
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Melo MNDO, Batista JVDC, Peñaloza EMC, Oliveira AP, Garrett R, Baumgartner S, Holandino C. A Scoping Review of Genus Viscum: Biological and Chemical Aspects of Alcoholic Extracts. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12091811. [PMID: 37176869 PMCID: PMC10181296 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The genus Viscum comprises a large number of semi-parasitic shrubs popularly known as Mistletoe. The Viscum species grow in many countries of Europe, Africa and Asia with different popular uses in ornamentation, foods and medicine. Many studies about Viscum have been done over the last years focusing on biological activities and chemical composition of the aqueous extracts, mainly related to anthroposophical medicines. However, it is known that non-aqueous preparations, as alcoholic extracts, have demonstrated different biological activities that are species-and host tree-dependent. Considering the potential of these alcoholic extracts, a scoping review was conducted using data from three online databases: PubMed, Scopus and Embase. Inclusion criteria consisted of the in vitro, in vivo, ex vivo, clinical and chemical studies of alcoholic extracts from Viscum species. The present review summarized 124 original publications about fourteen Viscum species. Viscum album, Viscum articulatum and Viscum coloratum were the main studied species. Alcoholic extracts demonstrated hypotensive, anticancer, antimicrobial, analgesic and anti-inflammatory capabilities, among other biological activities. Flavonoids, phenolic acids and terpenoids represented 48%, 24% and 11% of the total identified compounds, respectively. This review contributes to the knowledge of alcoholic preparations of the Viscum species and points out the lack of clinical studies concerning these different extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Nonato de Oliveira Melo
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
| | - João Vitor da Costa Batista
- Society for Cancer Research, Hiscia Institute, Kirschweg 9, 4144 Arlesheim, Switzerland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Evelyn Maribel Condori Peñaloza
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Adriana Passos Oliveira
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Stephan Baumgartner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Gerhard-Kienle-Weg 4, 58313 Herdecke, Germany
- Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 46, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carla Holandino
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Society for Cancer Research, Hiscia Institute, Kirschweg 9, 4144 Arlesheim, Switzerland
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de Moraes MBM, de Souza HMR, de Oliveira MLC, Peake RWA, Scalco FB, Garrett R. Combined targeted and untargeted high-resolution mass spectrometry analyses to investigate metabolic alterations in pompe disease. Metabolomics 2023; 19:29. [PMID: 36988742 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-01989-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pompe disease is a rare, lysosomal disorder, characterized by intra-lysosomal glycogen accumulation due to an impaired function of α-glucosidase enzyme. The laboratory testing for Pompe is usually performed by enzyme activity, genetic test, or urine glucose tetrasaccharide (Glc4) screening by HPLC. Despite being a good preliminary marker, the Glc4 is not specific for Pompe. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to develop a simple methodology using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) for targeted quantitative analysis of Glc4 combined with untargeted metabolic profiling in a single analytical run to search for complementary biomarkers in Pompe disease. METHODS We collected 21 urine specimens from 13 Pompe disease patients and compared their metabolic signatures with 21 control specimens. RESULTS Multivariate statistical analyses on the untargeted profiling data revealed Glc4, creatine, sorbitol/mannitol, L-phenylalanine, N-acetyl-4-aminobutanal, N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid, and 2-aminobenzoic acid as significantly altered in Pompe disease. This panel of metabolites increased sample class prediction (Pompe disease versus control) compared with a single biomarker. CONCLUSION This study has demonstrated the potential of combined acquisition methods in LC-HRMS for Pompe disease investigation, allowing for routine determination of an established biomarker and discovery of complementary candidate biomarkers that may increase diagnostic accuracy, or improve the risk stratification of patients with disparate clinical phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana B M de Moraes
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Horácio Macedo 1281, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Hygor M R de Souza
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Horácio Macedo 1281, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-598, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria L C de Oliveira
- Inborn Error of Metabolism Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Roy W A Peake
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fernanda B Scalco
- Inborn Error of Metabolism Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Horácio Macedo 1281, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-598, Brazil.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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9
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Torres CL, Scalco FB, de Oliveira MLC, Peake RWA, Garrett R. Untargeted LC-HRMS metabolomics reveals candidate biomarkers for mucopolysaccharidoses. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 541:117250. [PMID: 36764508 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) are inherited genetic diseases caused by an absence or deficiency of lysosomal enzymes responsible for catabolizing glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Undiagnosed patients, or those without adequate treatment in early life, can be severely and irreversibly affected by the disease. In this study, we applied liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS)-based untargeted metabolomics to identify potential biomarkers for MPS disorders to better understand how MPS may affect the metabolome of patients. METHODS Urine samples from 37 MPS patients (types I, II, III, IV, and VI; untreated and treated with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT)) and 38 controls were analyzed by LC-HRMS. Data were processed by an untargeted metabolomics workflow and submitted to multivariate statistical analyses to reveal significant differences between the MPS and control groups. RESULTS A total of 12 increased metabolites common to all MPS types were identified. Dipeptides, amino acids and derivatives were increased in the MPS group compared to controls. N-acetylgalactosamines 4- or 6-sulfate, important constituents of GAGs, were also elevated in MPS patients, most prominently in those with MPS VI. Notably, treated patients exhibited lower levels of the aforementioned acylaminosugars than untreated patients in all MPS types. CONCLUSIONS Untargeted metabolomics has enabled the detection of metabolites that could improve our understanding of MPS physiopathology. These potential biomarkers can be utilized in screening methods to support diagnosis and ERT monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarisse L Torres
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fernanda B Scalco
- Inborn Error of Metabolism Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia C de Oliveira
- Inborn Error of Metabolism Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Roy W A Peake
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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10
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Melo MNDO, Ochioni AC, Zancan P, Oliveira AP, Grazi M, Garrett R, Holandino C, Baumgartner S. Viscum album mother tinctures: Harvest conditions and host trees influence the plant metabolome and the glycolytic pathway of breast cancer cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1027931. [PMID: 36386174 PMCID: PMC9662615 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1027931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Viscum album is a semi-parasitic plant used for over one hundred years in complementary cancer therapy. The main commercial drugs used in cancer patients' treatment are derived from the aqueous V. album extracts, whose cytotoxic potential is mostly attributed to the aqueous soluble antitumoral metabolites. On the counterpart, ethanol solvents must be used to obtain V. album mother tinctures. This methodology permits better solubilization of phenolic compounds, among others, which present antitumoral bioactivity. Recently, the metabolomics approach revealed the influence of the host tree on the V. album subspecies differentiation. To increase the scientific information about the chemical differences related to the host trees and to clarify the seasonal influences, in this study, the metabolome of 50 V. album mother tinctures from three subspecies (abietis, album, austriacum) and five host trees (Malus domestica, Quercus sp., Ulmus carpinifolia, Pinus sylvestris, Abies alba) was evaluated using summer and winter plant harvests. The in vitro cytotoxic activities were investigated in breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) and immortalized normal human keratinocytes (HaCaT). The summer V. album mother tinctures presented higher cytotoxic activity than winter ones. Among the summer samples, those prepared with V. album subsp. album were more cytotoxic than V. album subsp. abietis and subsp. V. album subsp. austriacum. The V. album harvested from Quercus petraea and Abies alba inhibited the key-glycolytic enzymes: hexokinase (HK), phosphofructokinase (PFK), pyruvate kinase (PK). This activity was related to a reduction in glucose uptake and lactate production, which were host-tree-time-dose-dependent. The untargeted metabolomic approach was able to discriminate the mother tinctures according to respective botanical classes and harvest season. A total of 188 metabolites were annotated under positive and negative modes. Fourteen compounds were responsible for the samples differentiation, and, to the best of our knowledge, eight were described in the Viscum album species for the first time. Our study shows the interruption of the Warburg effect as a novel antitumoral mechanism triggered by V. album mother tinctures, which is related to their metabolite profile. These results bring scientific evidence that encourages the use of V. album mother tinctures as a natural product for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Nonato de Oliveira Melo
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federaldo Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federaldo Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro,Brazil
| | - Alan Clavelland Ochioni
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular (LabOMol), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federaldo Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia Zancan
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular (LabOMol), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federaldo Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana Passos Oliveira
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federaldo Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mirio Grazi
- Hiscia Institute, Society for Cancer Research, Arlesheim, Switzerland
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federaldo Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro,Brazil
| | - Carla Holandino
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federaldo Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Hiscia Institute, Society for Cancer Research, Arlesheim, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Baumgartner
- Hiscia Institute, Society for Cancer Research, Arlesheim, Switzerland
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Herdecke, Germany
- Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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11
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Brand ALM, Lima FA, Tinoco NAB, Mota JC, Moreira IGS, Novaes FJM, Garrett R, Giorno TBS, Fernandes PD, Rezende CM. ΒN-Alkanoyl-5-Hydroxytryptamines (C n-5HTs) in Coffee: A Review. Food Reviews International 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2059807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. L. M. Brand
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - F. A. Lima
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - N. A. B. Tinoco
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J. C. Mota
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - I. G. S. Moreira
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - F. J. M. Novaes
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R. Garrett
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - T. B. S. Giorno
- Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - P. D. Fernandes
- Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C. M. Rezende
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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12
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Silva ACR, Garrett R, Rezende CM, Meckelmann SW. Lipid Characterization of Arabica and Robusta Coffee Beans by Liquid Chromatography-Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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DE Almeida LR, Amaral Alves M, Mastella AMO, Garrett R, Pereira MJR. Neotropical mustelids: fecal metabolome diversity and its potential for taxonomic discrimination. Integr Zool 2022; 18:518-529. [PMID: 35275446 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chemical profiles of non-invasive biological material, such as feces, have great potential to study elusive animals or those with low population densities. Here, we use a metabolomic approach to evaluate Neotropical mustelids as a biological model to describe the diversity of the metabolites present in fecal samples, as well as to evaluate the potential of chemical profiles for taxonomic discrimination. We collected fecal samples from captive individuals of five species of mustelids occurring in Brazil and analyzed them by liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Over 200 compounds have been annotated; "bile acids, alcohols and derivatives" was the most expressive class in the metabolome of all the species. We successfully discriminated three taxonomic groups: 1 - Tayra (Eira barbara); 2 - otters (Lontra longicaudis and Pteronura brasiliensis; 1); and 3 - grisons (Galictis vittata and Galictis cuja). Several compounds seemed to be associated with food intake and the digestive process, while others were found for the first time in Neotropical mustelids. We concluded that mustelids show high metabolome diversity and that species-specific identification through metabolomic profiles is possible, thus contributing to the development and implementation of additional non-invasive approaches in the study of mustelids. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana Resende DE Almeida
- Bird and Mammal Evolution, Systematics and Ecology Lab, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marina Amaral Alves
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Chemistry Institute, Metabolomics Laboratory (LabMeta - LADETEC/IQ - UFRJ), Avenida Horácio Macedo, 1281 - Pólo de Química - Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, ZIP CODE, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-598, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Walter Mors Institute of Research on Natural Products, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Obino Mastella
- Bird and Mammal Evolution, Systematics and Ecology Lab, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Chemistry Institute, Metabolomics Laboratory (LabMeta - LADETEC/IQ - UFRJ), Avenida Horácio Macedo, 1281 - Pólo de Química - Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, ZIP CODE, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Maria João Ramos Pereira
- Bird and Mammal Evolution, Systematics and Ecology Lab, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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14
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Di Miceli JFF, Andrade MER, Carvalho PLA, Santos EA, Faria Mota Oliveira AEMD, Fernandes CP, Cruz RAS, Garrett R, Mosqueira VCF, Cassali GD, D'Haese C, Nysten B, Leite JIA, Cardoso VN, Araújo RS. Lecithin-based nanocapsule loading sucupira (Pterodon emarginatus) oil effects in experimental mucositis. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:1537-1547. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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15
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da Silva Oliveira JP, Garrett R, Bello Koblitz MG, Furtado Macedo A. Vanilla flavor: Species from the Atlantic forest as natural alternatives. Food Chem 2021; 375:131891. [PMID: 34952384 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The volatility of the vanilla market calls attention to the so-called vanilla crisis. There is a growing worldwide demand for natural vanilla with a concomitant reduction in global supply. However, commercial crops are threatened with extinction due to the lack of gene pool variability, susceptibility to climate change and pandemic diseases. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify new Vanilla spp. as alternative sources vanilla. Therefore, using undirected LC-MS/MS metabolic profiling and chemometrics, the present study demonstrates the great bioeconomic potential of two Atlantic Forest species - V. bahiana and V. chamissonis - by annotation of important flavor compounds associated with the commercial species and reveals distinct flavor descriptors associated with both wild species. Such similarities and dissimilarities are crucial to the ongoing quest to Vanilla gene pool improvement. Compounds remarkably and frequently associated with vanilla flavor were annotated or identified in this study such as vanillin and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Paula da Silva Oliveira
- Integrated Laboratory of Plant Biology (LIBV), Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro - UNIRIO. Av. Pasteur, 458 Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Laboratory of Metabolomics (LabMeta), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ. Av. Horácio Macedo, 1281 - Polo de Química - Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Maria Gabriela Bello Koblitz
- Food and Nutrition Graduate Program (PPGAN), Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro - UNIRIO. Av. Pasteur, 296 Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Andrea Furtado Macedo
- Integrated Laboratory of Plant Biology (LIBV), Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro - UNIRIO. Av. Pasteur, 458 Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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16
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Jäger T, Holandino C, Melo MNDO, Peñaloza EMC, Oliveira AP, Garrett R, Glauser G, Grazi M, Ramm H, Urech K, Baumgartner S. Metabolomics by UHPLC-Q-TOF Reveals Host Tree-Dependent Phytochemical Variation in Viscum album L. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:1726. [PMID: 34451771 PMCID: PMC8399568 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Viscum album L., commonly known as European mistletoe, is a hemi-parasitic plant of the Santalaceae family. The in vitro and in vivo effects of V. album differ, according to its host tree. However, little is known about the host-dependent phytochemical diversity in V. album. In this study, the metabolic profiles of V. album ssp. album from Malus domestica Bork., Quercus robur L., and Ulmus carpinifolia Gled were compared. Leaves, stems, and berries were collected in Switzerland, by the same procedure, in September 2016 and 2017. The methanolic extracts were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography, coupled to electrospray quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry in positive ionization mode. The data were submitted to partial-least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and the results showed that the V. album ssp. album samples were clustered into three groups, according to the three distinct host trees. Seven compounds, with high VIP scores (variable importance in projection), were responsible for this differentiation. The following four compounds were detected in both the harvest years: arginine, pipecolic acid or lysine, dimethoxycoumarin, and sinapyl alcohol, suggesting their use as host specific V. album biomarkers. The present work highlights the importance of standardized harvest and analytical procedures for the reproducibility of the chemical results of herbal materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Jäger
- Society for Cancer Research, Hiscia Institute, Kirschweg 9, 4144 Arlesheim, Switzerland; (T.J.); (M.G.); (H.R.); (K.U.)
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 115b, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Gerhard-Kienle-Weg 4, 58313 Herdecke, Germany
| | - Carla Holandino
- Society for Cancer Research, Hiscia Institute, Kirschweg 9, 4144 Arlesheim, Switzerland; (T.J.); (M.G.); (H.R.); (K.U.)
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Pharmacy College, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (M.N.d.O.M.); (E.M.C.P.); (A.P.O.)
| | - Michelle Nonato de Oliveira Melo
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Pharmacy College, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (M.N.d.O.M.); (E.M.C.P.); (A.P.O.)
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil;
| | - Evelyn Maribel Condori Peñaloza
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Pharmacy College, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (M.N.d.O.M.); (E.M.C.P.); (A.P.O.)
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil;
| | - Adriana Passos Oliveira
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Pharmacy College, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (M.N.d.O.M.); (E.M.C.P.); (A.P.O.)
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil;
| | - Gaétan Glauser
- Neuchatel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland;
| | - Mirio Grazi
- Society for Cancer Research, Hiscia Institute, Kirschweg 9, 4144 Arlesheim, Switzerland; (T.J.); (M.G.); (H.R.); (K.U.)
| | - Hartmut Ramm
- Society for Cancer Research, Hiscia Institute, Kirschweg 9, 4144 Arlesheim, Switzerland; (T.J.); (M.G.); (H.R.); (K.U.)
| | - Konrad Urech
- Society for Cancer Research, Hiscia Institute, Kirschweg 9, 4144 Arlesheim, Switzerland; (T.J.); (M.G.); (H.R.); (K.U.)
| | - Stephan Baumgartner
- Society for Cancer Research, Hiscia Institute, Kirschweg 9, 4144 Arlesheim, Switzerland; (T.J.); (M.G.); (H.R.); (K.U.)
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Gerhard-Kienle-Weg 4, 58313 Herdecke, Germany
- Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 46, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
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Silva LDO, Garrett R, Monteiro MLG, Conte-Junior CA, Torres AG. Pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel fractions obtained by supercritical CO 2 increase oxidative and colour stability of bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) patties treated by UV-C irradiation. Food Chem 2021; 362:130159. [PMID: 34167065 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The sequential fractionation by supercritical-CO2 (SC-CO2) was applied to obtain fractions enriched in bioactive compounds of pomegranate peel, and we investigated if pomegranate peel extract and fractions would be effective to inhibit lipid and protein oxidation, and discolouration of bluefish patties stored at 4 °C for 9 days, after UV-C irradiation. The non-fractionated SC-CO2 extract from pomegranate peel was rich in phenolic compounds, mainly ellagitannins, besides, it possessed lipophilic compounds such as tocopherols and β-carotene. These compounds were successfully separated by the fractionation protocols, in a lipid fraction concentrated in lipophilic compounds, and one or two fractions enriched with phenolic compounds, especially ellagitannins. The lipid fraction and the high phenolics fraction from pomegranate peel were then as effective as the synthetic antioxidant BHT in avoiding bluefish patties oxidation during refrigerated storage. Our data indicates that pomegranate peel fractions could be used to replace a synthetic antioxidant in fish meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís de O Silva
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry and Food Science and Lipid Biochemistry and Lipidomics Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Laboratory of Metabolomics, Laboratory for the Support of Technological Development, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-598, Brazil.
| | - Maria Lúcia G Monteiro
- Center for Food Analysis, Laboratory for the Support of Technological Development, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Conte-Junior
- Center for Food Analysis, Laboratory for the Support of Technological Development, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-598, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre G Torres
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry and Food Science and Lipid Biochemistry and Lipidomics Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil.
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Torres C, Sardela V, Scalco F, Aquino F, Garrett R. DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF A TEST MIXTURE FOR UNTARGETED LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS OF URINE SAMPLES. QUIM NOVA 2021. [DOI: 10.21577/0100-4042.20170796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic profiling of complex biological matrices based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) allows detecting a wide range of metabolites with distinct concentrations and physicochemical properties. Given the complexity of samples and the necessity of a comprehensive approach in untargeted metabolomics, quality control strategies are mandatory to obtain high-quality data. The LC-MS performance must be monitored and evaluated to guarantee data reliability. In this study, a test mixture (TM) was developed, systematically evaluated, and applied to untargeted metabolomics of urine samples from individuals suspected of inborn errors of metabolism. The TM was composed of fifteen analytes that eluted across the entire gradient in reversed-phase columns and ionized in positive/negative electrospray modes. It helped set the LC-MS conditions for urine analysis, from sample reconstitution solvent to selecting the MS ion source parameters. The TM quickly indicated column stationary phase degradation during the batch analysis when employed to monitor and evaluate the LC-MS system in an untargeted metabolomic analysis. Thus, in addition to pooled QC samples, a TM can be employed in untargeted metabolomics to rapidly assess the system performance avoiding unnecessary efforts for further data treatment and multivariate analysis of poor-quality data
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Borges R, Resende J, Moraes A, Pereira A, Garrett R, Bauermeister A, Silva A. GUIA PARA PROCESSAMENTO DE DADOS DE CROMATOGRAFIA ACOPLADA A ESPECTROMETRIA DE MASSAS. QUIM NOVA 2021. [DOI: 10.21577/0100-4042.20170838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
GUIDE FOR CHROMATOGRAPHY COUPLED TO MASS SPECTROMETRY DATA PROCESSING. In this work, a discussed and step-wise tutorial for LC-MS and GC-MS data processing using the open-access software MZMine2 is presented and discussed. The rationale behind each step was demonstrated to enable the readers to go through their own data and process it accordingly. The main lesson to be learned is that each parameter must be chosen in light of the raw data and no guidelines should suggest a predetermined value. Still, it is worth mentioning that ideal values for each parameter do not exist, and that the user might end up investing too much time futilely optimizing values. Our suggestion is to process your data in light of the raw data (and the study design) following the preview figure result and the resulting feature list generated in each processing step, interpret your data, and go back to process it again to tune the detection of important features.
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Alves M, da Silva AC, Torres C, de Almeida L, Mastella AM, Borges R, Garrett R. A Systematic Pipeline to Enhance the Fecal Metabolome Coverage by LC-HRMS. J BRAZIL CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.21577/0103-5053.20210042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The comprehended knowledge of the metabolic profile of the fecal matter has been recognized as an important point for understanding metabolic changes in the human systemic metabolism and it can provide precious information about host-gut microbiota interactions. However, few analytical strategies have been addressed for a broad analysis of metabolites with different chemical properties to better understand the chemical space of fecal samples. Here we report a systematic pipeline to achieve comprehensive coverage of the fecal metabolome, from high polar to nonpolar metabolites, using dog fecal samples as a proof-of-concept. This pipeline comprises a monophasic (ACN/H2O) and a biphasic extraction (methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)/MeOH/H2O) of the sample, followed by three liquid chromatography-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS) methods using HILIC-amide, RP-C18 and CSH-C18 columns, and a switch polarity acquisition mode in the electrospray ion source. This approach allowed the annotation of 376 metabolites from 70 different chemical classes. The chemical space analysis by molecular networking and the pathway analysis revealed the complexity of the fecal sample and the importance of combined methods to better understand biochemical pathways. This pipeline can be used as a valuable tool to comprehend the relationship between host-gut microbiota metabolites and the influence of diet, medication, or environmental changes.
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Silva MVTE, Garrett R, Simas DLR, Konno TUP, Muzitano MF, Pinto SC, Barth T. Chemical profile of Stachytarpheta schottiana by LC-HRMS/MS dereplication and molecular networking. Rodriguésia 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202172099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Restingas are extreme environments present in the Atlantic Rainforest biome. These ecosystems show peculiar characteristics, like sandy soil, high salinity, and high solar exposure, which brings scientific interest to their native species. Stachytarpheta schottiana is an endemic Brazilian species found in Jurubatiba Restinga, and just like other species of the genus Stachytarpheta, is used in folk medicine. In this paper, we describe, for the first time, 28 secondary metabolites from S. schottiana polar extract, among them iridoids, flavonoids, lignans and phenylethanoids, with the use of LC-HRMS/MS dereplication and molecular networking methodologies. Many of these compounds have not been described yet for the genus Stachytarpheta, like astragalin, taxifolin, lamiide and the lignans secondary metabolites class. Also, in this paper, High Speed Counter-Current Chromatography (HSCCC) isolation and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) of two compounds were used to correct a misidentification in the dereplication procedure and to create seeds for molecular networking. Some of the suggested known compounds found in this work have had their biological activities described in the literature, such as the hepatoprotective activity of verbascoside, that matches those already related for the genus Stachytarpheta and for the folk use of Stachytarpheta schottiana itself.
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Silva ACR, da Silva CC, Garrett R, Rezende CM. Comprehensive lipid analysis of green Arabica coffee beans by LC-HRMS/MS. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109727. [PMID: 33233296 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lipids play an important role in coffee bean development, coffee brew and in the effects of coffee on human health. They account for around 17% of the dry bean weight and encompass different classes and subclasses, mostly triacylglycerols (TAG) and a minor quantity of phospholipids (PL) and βN-alkanoyl-5-hydroxytryptamides (C-5HT). To comprehensive profile these different lipids, it is important to evaluate extraction methods that provide high lipid coverage and to analyze the lipids in high-resolution techniques. In this work, liquid chromatography-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS) was employed to comprehensive profile lipids from green Arabica coffee beans and to evaluate the extraction efficiency and lipid coverage of three methods: Bligh-Dyer (BD), Folch (FO), and Matyash (MA). The MA method yielded the greatest number of annotated compounds (131 lipids) compared to the other methods. In the positive electrospray ionization (ESI) mode, the main difference among extraction methods was observed for TAG and diacylglycerols, whereas for the negative ESI it was observed differences for phosphatidylinositol (PI), lysophosphatidylinositol and phosphatidic acid (p < 0.05). The analysis of coffees from different maturation stages and/or post-harvest processes were also performed using the MA method. Immature beans were discriminated from mature and overripe beans by its lower levels of C-5HT, PI, phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and lysophosphatidylethanolamine. These results can help to better understand the coffee lipid composition and its association with coffee quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina R Silva
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Chemistry, Aroma Analysis Laboratory, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Chemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory (LabMeta-LADETEC), 21941-598 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carol Cristine da Silva
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Chemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory (LabMeta-LADETEC), 21941-598 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Chemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory (LabMeta-LADETEC), 21941-598 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Claudia M Rezende
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Chemistry, Aroma Analysis Laboratory, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Simas Pereira Junior LC, Coriolano de Oliveira E, Valle Rorig TD, Pinto de Araújo PI, Sanchez EF, Garrett R, Palazzo de Mello JC, Fuly AL. The plant Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville as a neutralizing source against some toxic activities of Bothrops jararacussu snake venom. Toxicon 2020; 186:182-190. [PMID: 32822735 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Snakebites produce several toxic effects in victims, such as hemorrhage, tissue necrosis, hemostatic, renal, or cardiotoxic alterations, inflammation, and death. To counteract these symptoms, antivenom is the official treatment. Although such therapy prevents death, it does not efficiently neutralize necrosis or other local effects, leading to amputation or morbidities of the affected limb. Therefore, the search for better and more efficient therapies deserves attention; further, plants have been used to ameliorate a number of diseases and medical conditions, including snakebites, for many years. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the antivenom effect of the crude extract, fractions (aqueous and diethyl acetate), and subfractions derived from the aqueous fraction (P1, P2, P3, and P4) of the plant Stryphnodendron adstringens against in vitro (coagulation and proteolytic) and in vivo (edema, hemorrhage, and myotoxic) activities caused by Bothrops jararacussu venom. Overall, all extracts inhibited the toxic effect of B. jararacussu venom, but with different potencies, regardless of whether plant samples were incubated together with venom or injected before or after venom injection into animals; the crude extract and aqueous fraction were found to be the most effective. Indeed, phytochemical and mass spectrometry analysis of S. adstringens samples revealed the presence of flavonols, tannins, and saponins. In conclusion, the plant S. adstringens may represent a promising natural source of molecules to treat the toxic effects associated with envenomation by B. jararacussu snakebites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Carlos Simas Pereira Junior
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, 24020-141, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Coriolano de Oliveira
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, 24020-141, RJ, Brazil
| | - Taísa Dalla Valle Rorig
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biology, Palafito, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Paula Ivens Pinto de Araújo
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eladio Flores Sanchez
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Proteins from Animal Venoms, Research and Development Center, Ezequiel Dias Foundation, Belo Horizonte, 30510-010, MG, Brazil
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - André Lopes Fuly
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, 24020-141, RJ, Brazil.
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Forbus M, Matthews R, Mishra P, Facdol J, Bascho-George V, Coples S, Garrett R, Wang Z, Gabram-Mendola S. The Impact of a Registered Dietitian in an Urban Safety Net Oncology Clinic. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Peñaloza E, Holandino C, Scherr C, de Araujo PIP, Borges RM, Urech K, Baumgartner S, Garrett R. Comprehensive Metabolome Analysis of Fermented Aqueous Extracts of Viscum album L. by Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2020; 25:E4006. [PMID: 32887375 PMCID: PMC7504787 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25174006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fermented aqueous extracts of Viscum album L. are widely used for cancer treatment in complementary medicine. The high molecular weight compounds viscotoxins and lectins are considered to be the main active substances in the extracts. However, a vast number of small molecules (≤1500 Da) is also expected to be present, and few studies have investigated their identities. In this study, a comprehensive metabolome analysis of samples of fermented aqueous extracts of V. album from two host tree species (Malus domestica and Pinus sylvestris), both prepared by two pharmaceutical manufacturing processes, was performed by liquid chromatography-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS). A total of 212 metabolites were putatively annotated, including primary metabolites (e.g., amino acids, organic acids, etc.) and secondary metabolites (mostly phenolic compounds). A clear separation between V. album samples according to the host tree species, but not due to manufacturing processes, was observed by principal component analysis. The biomarkers responsible for this discrimination were assessed by partial least squares-discriminant analysis. Because V. album extracts from different host trees have different clinical applications, the present work highlights the possibility of characterizing the metabolome for identification and traceability of V. album fermented aqueous extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Peñaloza
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Institute of chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-598 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (E.P.); (P.I.P.d.A.)
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
| | - Carla Holandino
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
| | - Claudia Scherr
- Hiscia Research Institute, Society for Cancer Research, 4144 Arlesheim, Switzerland; (C.S.); (K.U.); (S.B.)
| | - Paula I. P. de Araujo
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Institute of chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-598 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (E.P.); (P.I.P.d.A.)
| | - Ricardo M. Borges
- Walter Mors Institute of Research on Natural Products (IPPN), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
| | - Konrad Urech
- Hiscia Research Institute, Society for Cancer Research, 4144 Arlesheim, Switzerland; (C.S.); (K.U.); (S.B.)
| | - Stephan Baumgartner
- Hiscia Research Institute, Society for Cancer Research, 4144 Arlesheim, Switzerland; (C.S.); (K.U.); (S.B.)
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, 58313 Herdecke, Germany
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Institute of chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-598 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (E.P.); (P.I.P.d.A.)
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Holandino C, Melo MNDO, Oliveira AP, Batista JVDC, Capella MAM, Garrett R, Grazi M, Ramm H, Torre CD, Schaller G, Urech K, Weissenstein U, Baumgartner S. Phytochemical analysis and in vitro anti-proliferative activity of Viscum album ethanolic extracts. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:215. [PMID: 32646417 PMCID: PMC7346636 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02987-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Viscum album L. (Santalaceae), commonly known as mistletoe, is a hemiparasitic plant traditionally used in complementary cancer treatment. Its antitumor potential is mostly attributed to the presence of aqueous soluble metabolites; however, the use of ethanol as solvent also permits the extraction of pharmacological compounds with antitumor potential. The clinical efficacy of mistletoe therapy inspired the present work, which focuses on ethanolic extracts (V. album “mother tinctures”, MT) prepared from different host trees. Methods Samples from three European subspecies (album, austriacum, and abietis) were harvested, and five different V. album-MT strains were prepared. The following phytochemical analyses were performed: thin layer chromatography (TLC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). The proliferation assay was performed with WST-1 after incubation of tumor (Yoshida and Molt-4) and fibroblast cell lines (NIH/3 T3) with different MT concentrations (0.5 to 0.05% v/v). The cell death mechanism was investigated by flow cytometry (FACS) using Annexin V-7AAD. Results Chemical analyses of MT showed the presence of phenolic acids, flavonoids and lignans. The MT flavonoid and viscotoxin contents (mg/g fresh weight) were highest in Quercus robur (9.67 ± 0.85 mg/g) and Malus domestica (3.95 ± 0.58 mg/mg), respectively. The viscotoxin isoform proportions (% total) were also different among the VA subspecies with a higher content of A3 in V. album growing on Abies alba (60.57 ± 2.13). The phytochemical compounds as well as the viscotoxin contents are probably related to the antitumor effects of MT. The cell death mechanisms evaluated by colorimetric and FACS methodologies involved necrotic damage, which was host tree-, time- and dose- dependent, with different selectivity to tumor cells. Mother tincture from V. album ssp. abietis was the most effective at inducing in vitro cellular effects, even when incubated at the smallest concentration tested, probably because of the higher content of VT A3. Conclusion Our results indicate the promising antitumor potential of Viscum album ethanolic extracts and the importance of botanical and phytochemical characterization for in vitro anti-proliferative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Holandino
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. .,Hiscia Institute, Society for Cancer Research, Arlesheim, Switzerland.
| | - Michelle Nonato de Oliveira Melo
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Metabolomics Laboratory, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana Passos Oliveira
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - João Vitor da Costa Batista
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Garrett
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mirio Grazi
- Hiscia Institute, Society for Cancer Research, Arlesheim, Switzerland
| | - Hartmut Ramm
- Hiscia Institute, Society for Cancer Research, Arlesheim, Switzerland
| | | | - Gerhard Schaller
- Hiscia Institute, Society for Cancer Research, Arlesheim, Switzerland
| | - Konrad Urech
- Hiscia Institute, Society for Cancer Research, Arlesheim, Switzerland
| | | | - Stephan Baumgartner
- Hiscia Institute, Society for Cancer Research, Arlesheim, Switzerland.,Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute for Integrative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Herdecke, Germany
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Gardner T, Benzie M, Börner J, Dawkins E, Fick S, Garrett R, Godar J, Grimard A, Lake S, Larsen R, Mardas N, McDermott C, Meyfroidt P, Osbeck M, Persson M, Sembres T, Suavet C, Strassburg B, Trevisan A, West C, Wolvekamp P. Transparency and sustainability in global commodity supply chains. World Dev 2019; 121:163-177. [PMID: 31481824 PMCID: PMC6686968 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few decades rapid advances in processes to collect, monitor, disclose, and disseminate information have contributed towards the development of entirely new modes of sustainability governance for global commodity supply chains. However, there has been very little critical appraisal of the contribution made by different transparency initiatives to sustainability and the ways in which they can (and cannot) influence new governance arrangements. Here we seek to strengthen the theoretical underpinning of research and action on supply chain transparency by addressing four questions: (1) What is meant by supply chain transparency? (2) What is the relevance of supply chain transparency to supply chain sustainability governance? (3) What is the current status of supply chain transparency, and what are the strengths and weaknesses of existing initiatives? and (4) What propositions can be advanced for how transparency can have a positive transformative effect on the governance interventions that seek to strengthen sustainability outcomes? We use examples from agricultural supply chains and the zero-deforestation agenda as a focus of our analysis but draw insights that are relevant to the transparency and sustainability of supply chains in general. We propose a typology to distinguish among types of supply chain information that are needed to support improvements in sustainability governance, and illustrate a number of major shortfalls and systematic biases in existing information systems. We also propose a set of ten propositions that, taken together, serve to expose some of the potential pitfalls and undesirable outcomes that may result from (inevitably) limited or poorly designed transparency systems, whilst offering guidance on some of the ways in which greater transparency can make a more effective, lasting and positive contribution to sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- T.A. Gardner
- Stockholm Environment Institute, Sweden
- Corresponding author at: Stockholm Environment Institute, Linnégatan 87D, Box 24218, Stockholm 104 51, Sweden.
| | - M. Benzie
- Stockholm Environment Institute, Sweden
| | - J. Börner
- Institute for Food and Resource Economics, Center for Development Research, University of Bonn, Germany
| | | | - S. Fick
- Stockholm Environment Institute, Sweden
| | | | - J. Godar
- Stockholm Environment Institute, Sweden
| | | | - S. Lake
- Global Canopy, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - P. Meyfroidt
- Earth and Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium
- F.R.S.–FNRS, Belgium
| | - M. Osbeck
- Stockholm Environment Institute, Sweden
| | | | | | - C. Suavet
- Stockholm Environment Institute, Sweden
| | | | | | - C. West
- University of York, United Kingdom
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Tsukui A, Vendramini PH, Garrett R, Scholz MBS, Eberlin MN, Bizzo HR, Rezende CM. Direct-infusion electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry analysis reveals atractyligenin derivatives as potential markers for green coffee postharvest discrimination. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.12.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Soares V, Taujale R, Garrett R, da Silva AJR, Borges RM. Extending compound identification for molecular network using the LipidXplorer database independent method: A proof of concept using glycoalkaloids from Solanum pseudoquina A. St.-Hil. Phytochem Anal 2019; 30:132-138. [PMID: 30328225 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Molecular networks are now established as the method of choice for tandem mass spectrometry dereplication and similarity-based structure elucidation. Node identification can be used to start the propagation of the structure elucidation of unknown compounds progressively. OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the capabilities of using the LipidXplorer data results along with molecular networking to identify nodes and aid sequential structure elucidation of unknown compounds. MATERIAL AND METHODS Molecular fragmentation query language (MFQL) files were written to identify glycoalkaloids based on known structures described for Solanum species. A dataset generated from liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) analysis of Solanum pseudoquina sample were submitted to dereplication on both LipidXplorer software and Global Natural Products Social Molecular Network (GNPS) online system. The resulting attribute table from GNPS calculations was merged with the LipidXplorer results and this merged file was used for network visualisation in Cytoscape. Nodes in the molecular network were labelled using the LipidXplorer identifiers, thus assisting the structure elucidation of unidentified compounds. RESULTS The combination of the LipidXplorer glycoalkaloids list and GNPS analysis was used in Cytoscape to label nodes in the molecular network. The analysis of the network using these labelled starting points triggered the structure elucidation of closely related nodes leading to the identification of 30 compounds using the LipidXplorer output and four purified and structure elucidated compounds, including a new glycoalkaloids identified as 3-O-(β-d-xylopyranosyl)-(20R,25S)-22,26-epimino-16-acetyl-cholesta-5,22(N)-diene. CONCLUSION A significant compound identification completely based on molecular formula and fragmentation queries was achieved. This new and effective approach could help researches to expand the identification rate of compounds in dereplication studies using molecular networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Soares
- Natural Product Research Institute Walter Mors (IPPN), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rahil Taujale
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center (CCRC), Departments of Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio Jorge R da Silva
- Natural Product Research Institute Walter Mors (IPPN), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo M Borges
- Natural Product Research Institute Walter Mors (IPPN), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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de Souza AS, Pacheco BDC, Pinheiro S, Muri EMF, Dias LRS, Lima CHS, Garrett R, de Moraes MBM, de Souza BEG, Puzer L. 3-Acyltetramic acids as a novel class of inhibitors for human kallikreins 5 and 7. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1094-1098. [PMID: 30833107 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Human kallikreins 5 and 7 (KLK5 and KLK7) exhibit trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like activities and are involved in pathologies related to skin desquamation process. A series of new 3-acyltetramic acids were developed as a novel class of inhibitors of KLK5, KLK7 and trypsin enzymes. The nature and length of the acyl chain is crucial to the KLK5, KLK7 and trypsin inhibition activities, and the most potent compounds (but not the most selective) 2b, 2c and 2g showed low micromolar IC50 values. While very few of the compounds were selective for KLK5, the selective inhibition of trypsin against chymotrypsin was achieved. Our molecular modelling studies revealed that the double bond in 2g provided the best fit in the binding site of KLK5, while the hydrogen bonding interactions modulated the best fit of 2c in the binding site of KLK7 due to the hydrophobicity of the cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acácio S de Souza
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de S. João Batista s/n, Centro, 24020-141 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Barbara D C Pacheco
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de S. João Batista s/n, Centro, 24020-141 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sergio Pinheiro
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de S. João Batista s/n, Centro, 24020-141 Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Estela M F Muri
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Luiza R S Dias
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Camilo H S Lima
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mariana B M de Moraes
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bruno E G de Souza
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciano Puzer
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
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Pardini J, Garrett R, Allred R, Massingale S, Schatz P. A - 65The Influence of Gender on Neuropsychological Test Performance and Symptom Reporting in Individuals with Prolonged Concussion Symptoms. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acy061.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Coriolano de Oliveira E, Alves Soares Cruz R, de Mello Amorim N, Guerra Santos M, Carlos Simas Pereira Junior L, Flores Sanchez EO, Pinho Fernandes C, Garrett R, Machado Rocha L, Lopes Fuly A. Protective Effect of the Plant Extracts of Erythroxylum sp. against Toxic Effects Induced by the Venom of Lachesis muta Snake. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21101350. [PMID: 27727185 PMCID: PMC6274453 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21101350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Snake venoms are composed of a complex mixture of active proteins that induce toxic effects, such as edema, hemorrhage, and death. Lachesis muta has the highest lethality indices in Brazil. In most cases, antivenom fails to neutralize local effects, leading to disabilities in victims. Thus, alternative treatments are under investigation, and plant extracts are promising candidates. The objective of this work was to investigate the ability of crude extracts, fractions, or isolated products of Erythroxylum ovalifolium and Erythroxylum subsessile to neutralize some toxic effects of L. muta venom. All samples were mixed with L. muta venom, then in vivo (hemorrhage and edema) and in vitro (proteolysis, coagulation, and hemolysis) assays were performed. Overall, crude extracts or fractions of Erythroxylum spp. inhibited (20%-100%) toxic effects of the venom, but products achieved an inhibition of 4%-30%. However, when venom was injected into mice before the plant extracts, hemorrhage and edema were not inhibited by the samples. On the other hand, an inhibition of 5%-40% was obtained when extracts or products were given before venom injection. These results indicate that the extracts or products of Erythroxylum spp. could be a promising source of molecules able to treat local toxic effects of envenomation by L. muta venom, aiding in the development of new strategies for antivenom treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Coriolano de Oliveira
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-141, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Alves Soares Cruz
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá 68903-419, AP, Brazil.
| | - Nayanna de Mello Amorim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-141, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Guerra Santos
- Faculdade de Formação de Professores, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 24435-005, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Carlos Simas Pereira Junior
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-141, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Eladio Oswaldo Flores Sanchez
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Proteins from Animal Venoms, Research and Development Center, Ezequiel Dias Foundation, Belo Horizonte 30510-010, MG, Brazil.
| | - Caio Pinho Fernandes
- Laboratory of Phytopharmaceutical Nanobiotechnology, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá 68903-419, AP, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Machado Rocha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói 24210-346, RJ, Brazil.
| | - André Lopes Fuly
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-141, RJ, Brazil.
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Garrett R, Rezende CM, Ifa DR. Revealing the spatial distribution of chlorogenic acids and sucrose across coffee bean endosperm by desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry imaging. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Garrett R, Schwab NV, Cabral EC, Henrique BVM, Ifa DR, Eberlin MN, Rezende CM. Ambient Mass Spectrometry Employed for Direct Analysis of Intact Arabica Coffee Beans. J BRAZIL CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.5935/0103-5053.20140094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Garrett R, Schmidt EM, Pereira LFP, Kitzberger CS, Scholz MBS, Eberlin MN, Rezende CM. Discrimination of arabica coffee cultivars by electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and chemometrics. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2012.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Garrett R, Vaz BG, Hovell AMC, Eberlin MN, Rezende CM. Arabica and robusta coffees: identification of major polar compounds and quantification of blends by direct-infusion electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. J Agric Food Chem 2012; 60:4253-4258. [PMID: 22490013 DOI: 10.1021/jf300388m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Considering that illegal admixture of robusta coffee into high-quality arabica coffee is an important task in coffee analysis, we evaluated the use of direct-infusion electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) data combined with the partial least-squares (PLS) multivariate calibration technique as a fast way to detect and quantify arabica coffee adulterations by robusta coffee. A total of 16 PLS models were built using ESI± quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) and ESI± Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) MS data from hot aqueous extracts of certified coffee samples. The model using the 30 more abundant ions detected by ES+ FT-ICR MS produced the most accurate coffee blend percentage prediction, and thus, it was later successfully employed to predict the blend composition of commercial robusta and arabica coffee. In addition, ESI± FT-ICR MS analysis allowed for the identification of 22 compounds in the arabica coffee and 20 compounds in the robusta coffee, mostly phenolics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Garrett
- Aroma Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil
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Garrett R, Romanos MTV, Borges RM, Santos MG, Rocha L, Silva AJRD. Antiherpetic activity of a flavonoid fraction from Ocotea notata leaves. Rev bras farmacogn 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-695x2012005000003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Rose V, Freeland JW, Garrett R, Gentle I, Nugent K, Wilkins S. Nanoscale chemical imaging using synchrotron x-ray enhanced scanning tunneling microscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3463236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Tanabe T, Chubar O, Harder DA, Lehecka M, Rank J, Rakowsky G, Spataro C, Garrett R, Gentle I, Nugent K, Wilkins S. Cryogenic Field Measurement of Pr[sub 2]Fe[sub 14]B Undulator and Performance Enhancement Options at the NSLS-II. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3463195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Leal B, Afonso IF, Rodrigues CR, Abreu PA, Garrett R, Pinheiro LCS, Azevedo AR, Borges JC, Vegi PF, Santos CCC, da Silveira FCA, Cabral LM, Frugulhetti ICPP, Bernardino AMR, Santos DO, Castro HC. Antibacterial profile against drug-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis clinical strain and structure-activity relationship studies of 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine and thieno[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:8196-204. [PMID: 18701299 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2008] [Revised: 07/15/2008] [Accepted: 07/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Antibacterial resistance is a complex problem that contributes to health and economic losses worldwide. The Staphylococcus epidermidis is an important nosocomial pathogen that affects immunocompromised patients or those with indwelling devices. Currently, there are several resistant strains including S. epidermidis that became an important medical issue mainly in hospital environment. In this work, we report the biological and theoretical evaluations of a 4-(arylamino)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylic acids series (1, 1a-m) and the comparison with a new isosteric ring nucleus series, 4-(arylamino)thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxylic acids derivatives (2, 2a-m). Our results revealed the 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives significant antibacterial activity against a drug-resistant S. epidermidis clinical strain in contrast to the thieno[2,3-b]pyridine series. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the most active derivatives (1a, 1c, 1e, and 1f) against S. epidermidis was similar to that of oxacillin and twofold better than chloramphenicol. Interestingly, the position of the functional groups has a great impact on the activity as observed in our structure-activity relationship (SAR) study. The SAR of 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives shows that the highest inhibitory activity is observed when the meta position is occupied by electronegative substituents. The molecular modeling analysis of frontier molecular orbitals revealed that the LUMO density is less intense in meta than in ortho and para positions for both series (1 and 2), whereas HOMO density is overconcentrated in 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine ring nucleus compared to the thieno[2,3-b]pyridine system. The most active derivatives of series 1 were submitted to in silico ADMET screening, which confirmed these compounds as potential antibacterial candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Leal
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, LABioMol, 24210-130 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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Kirkl J, Garrett R, Dada S, Corvera C. Open surgical clipping of murine bile duct is more efficient than a laparoscopic approach. J Surg Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2005.11.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Guay D, Tourillon G, Gastonguay L, Dodelet JP, Nebesny KW, Armstrong NR, Garrett R. Highly photoactive chemically modified thin films of chloroaluminum (and bromoaluminum) phthalocyanines probed by NEXAFS and UPS: determination of the electronic structure and the molecular orientation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100154a049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hitchcock AP, Tourillon G, Garrett R, Lazarz N. Carbon 1s excitation of azulene and polyazulene studied by electron-energy-loss spectroscopy and x-ray absorption spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100359a019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hitchcock AP, Tourillon G, Garrett R, Williams GP, Mahatsekake C, Andrieu C. Inner-shell excitation of gas-phase and polymer thin-film 3-alkylthiophenes by electron energy loss and x-ray photoabsorption spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100369a026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Stedman KM, She Q, Phan H, Holz I, Singh H, Prangishvili D, Garrett R, Zillig W. pING family of conjugative plasmids from the extremely thermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus islandicus: insights into recombination and conjugation in Crenarchaeota. J Bacteriol 2000; 182:7014-20. [PMID: 11092863 PMCID: PMC94828 DOI: 10.1128/jb.182.24.7014-7020.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel family of conjugative plasmids from Sulfolobus comprising the active variants pING1, -4, and -6 and the functionally defective variants pING2 and -3, which require the help of an active variant for spreading, has been extensively characterized both functionally and molecularly. In view of the sparse similarity between bacterial and archaeal conjugation and the lack of a practical genetic system for Sulfolobus, we compared the functions and sequences of these variants and the previously described archaeal conjugative plasmid pNOB8 in order to identify open reading frames (ORFs) and DNA sequences that are involved in conjugative transfer and maintenance of these plasmids in Sulfolobus. The variants pING4 and -6 are reproducibly derived from pING1 in vivo by successive transpositions of an element from the Sulfolobus genome. The small defective but mobile variants pING2 and -3, which both lack a cluster of highly conserved ORFs probably involved in plasmid transfer, were shown to be formed in vivo by recombinative deletion of the larger part of the genomes of pING4 and pING6, respectively. The efficient occurrence of these recombination processes is further evidence for the striking plasticity of the Sulfolobus genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Stedman
- Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany
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Abstract
The main purpose of this paper is to discuss conceptual and policy developments for external quality assurance for nurse and midwifery education in England. The current framework was implemented in the academic year 1998/99, and is the subject of a three year evaluation commissioned by the English National Board for Nursing, Midwifery & Health Visiting (ENB). The methods which are being used to evaluate the quality assurance arrangements will be discussed within the context of nursing and midwifery education and practice. The ultimate aim of professionally accredited nursing and midwifery education is to ensure the development of practitioners who are fit for purpose, practice and award. It follows that the quality assurance processes should have the capacity to demonstrate the extent to which professional education meets this aim. This paper will discuss this issue, with particular emphasis on the collaborative review process which is being undertaken by the Quality Assurance Agency and the statutory body for nursing, midwifery and health visiting education. The paper concludes with a discussion of the changes proposed by the government for nursing and midwifery education, and considers the potential impact for quality assurance of health care education.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pope
- Centre for Research in Nursing and Midwifery Education, School of Educational Studies, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 5XH, UK.
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Abstract
Osteoporosis and other diseases of bone loss are a major public health problem. Here it is shown that the statins, drugs widely used for lowering serum cholesterol, also enhance new bone formation in vitro and in rodents. This effect was associated with increased expression of the bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) gene in bone cells. Lovastatin and simvastatin increased bone formation when injected subcutaneously over the calvaria of mice and increased cancellous bone volume when orally administered to rats. Thus, in appropriate doses, statins may have therapeutic applications for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mundy
- OsteoScreen, 2040 Babcock Road, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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Arnold HP, She Q, Phan H, Stedman K, Prangishvili D, Holz I, Kristjansson JK, Garrett R, Zillig W. The genetic element pSSVx of the extremely thermophilic crenarchaeon Sulfolobus is a hybrid between a plasmid and a virus. Mol Microbiol 1999; 34:217-26. [PMID: 10564466 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01573.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A new Sulfolobus islandicus strain, REY15/4, harboured both a novel fusellovirus, SSV2, and a small plasmid, pSSVx. The plasmid spread in S. solfataricus P1 together with the virus after infection with either the supernatant of a culture of REY15/4 or purified virus. Spreading of the plasmid required co-transfection with either SSV2 or the related SSV1 as helpers. Virus purified from REY15/4 constituted a mixture of two sizes of particles, one with the dimensions of a normal fusellovirus and the other smaller. Cloned SSV2 produced only the larger particles and only SSV2 DNA, indicating that the smaller particles contained pSSVx packaged into capsids made up of SSV2 components. The 5.7 kb genome of pSSVx revealed regions of high sequence similarity to the cryptic Sulfolobales plasmids pRN1, pRN2 and pDL10. Thus, pSSVx belongs to the family of pRN plasmids that share a highly conserved region, which probably constitutes the minimal replicon. They also contain a variable region showing no sequence similarity. In pSSVx, this region contains three open reading frames (ORFs), two of which are juxtapositioned and show high sequence similarity to a tandem of ORFs in fusellovirus genomes. Neither pRN1 nor pRN2, which lack this tandem, spread in the presence of the fuselloviruses, which implies that the sequences of these ORFs enable pSSVx to use the packaging system of the viral helpers for spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- H P Arnold
- Max Planck-Institut für Biochemie, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
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