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Bhanuprakash P, Prathibha R, Gardas RL, Sivakumar K, Jyothi N. Effect of temperature, nature of anion and alkyl chain length on the volumetric and acoustic properties of ionic liquid [C4C1im][MeSO4] with alkyl nitriles. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.112507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Imam S, Prathibha R, Dar P, Almotah K, Al-Khudhair A, Hasan SAM, Salim N, Jilani TN, Mirmira RG, Jaume JC. eIF5A inhibition influences T cell dynamics in the pancreatic microenvironment of the humanized mouse model of Type 1 Diabetes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1533. [PMID: 30733517 PMCID: PMC6367423 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38341-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a transgenic mouse model of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) in which human GAD65 is expressed in pancreatic β-cells, and human MHC-II is expressed on antigen presenting cells. Induced GAD65 antigen presentation activates T-cells, which initiates the downstream events leading to diabetes. In our humanized mice, we have shown downregulation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5 A (elF5A), expressed only in actively dividing mammalian cells. In-vivo inhibition of elF5A hypusination by deoxyhypusine synthase (DHS) inhibitor "GC7" was studied; DHS inhibitor alters the pathophysiology in our mouse model by catalyzing the crucial hypusination and the rate-limiting step of elF5A activation. In our mouse model, we have shown that inhibition of eIF5A resets the pro-inflammatory bias in the pancreatic microenvironment. There was: (a) reduction of Th1/Th17 response, (b) an increase in Treg numbers, (c) debase in IL17 and IL21 cytokines levels in serum, (d) lowering of anti-GAD65 antibodies, and (e) ablation of the ER stress that improved functionality of the β-cells, but minimal effect on the cytotoxic CD8 T-cell (CTL) mediated response. Conclusively, immune modulation, in the case of T1D, may help to manipulate inflammatory responses, decreasing disease severity, and may help manage T1D in early stages of disease. Our study also demonstrates that without manipulating the CTLs mediated response extensively, it is difficult to treat T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnawaz Imam
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
| | - R Prathibha
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Pervaiz Dar
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Shuhama, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Khalil Almotah
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Ahmed Al-Khudhair
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Syed Abdul-Moiz Hasan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Nancy Salim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Talha Naser Jilani
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Raghavendra G Mirmira
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Jaume
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
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Johnson KD, Kong G, Gao X, Chang YI, Hewitt KJ, Sanalkumar R, Prathibha R, Ranheim EA, Dewey CN, Zhang J, Bresnick EH. Cis-regulatory mechanisms governing stem and progenitor cell transitions. Sci Adv 2015; 1:e1500503. [PMID: 26601269 PMCID: PMC4643771 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cis-element encyclopedias provide information on phenotypic diversity and disease mechanisms. Although cis-element polymorphisms and mutations are instructive, deciphering function remains challenging. Mutation of an intronic GATA motif (+9.5) in GATA2, encoding a master regulator of hematopoiesis, underlies an immunodeficiency associated with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Whereas an inversion relocalizes another GATA2 cis-element (-77) to the proto-oncogene EVI1, inducing EVI1 expression and AML, whether this reflects ectopic or physiological activity is unknown. We describe a mouse strain that decouples -77 function from proto-oncogene deregulation. The -77(-/-) mice exhibited a novel phenotypic constellation including late embryonic lethality and anemia. The -77 established a vital sector of the myeloid progenitor transcriptome, conferring multipotentiality. Unlike the +9.5(-/-) embryos, hematopoietic stem cell genesis was unaffected in -77(-/-) embryos. These results illustrate a paradigm in which cis-elements in a locus differentially control stem and progenitor cell transitions, and therefore the individual cis-element alterations cause unique and overlapping disease phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirby D. Johnson
- Carbone Cancer Center, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin–Madison Blood Research Program, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Guangyao Kong
- University of Wisconsin–Madison Blood Research Program, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Xin Gao
- Carbone Cancer Center, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin–Madison Blood Research Program, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Yuan-I Chang
- University of Wisconsin–Madison Blood Research Program, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Kyle J. Hewitt
- Carbone Cancer Center, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin–Madison Blood Research Program, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Rajendran Sanalkumar
- Carbone Cancer Center, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin–Madison Blood Research Program, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Rajalekshmi Prathibha
- Carbone Cancer Center, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin–Madison Blood Research Program, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Erik A. Ranheim
- Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Colin N. Dewey
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Jing Zhang
- University of Wisconsin–Madison Blood Research Program, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Emery H. Bresnick
- Carbone Cancer Center, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin–Madison Blood Research Program, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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Hewitt K, Kim DH, Prathibha R, Devadas P, Zuo C, Sanalkumar R, Kang YA, Johnson K, Kim JS, Dewey CN, Keles S, Bresnick EH. Declined presentation hematopoietic signaling mechanism revealed from a stem/progenitor cell cistrome. Exp Hematol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2015.06.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Hewitt KJ, Kim DH, Devadas P, Prathibha R, Zuo C, Sanalkumar R, Johnson KD, Kang YA, Kim JS, Dewey CN, Keles S, Bresnick EH. Hematopoietic Signaling Mechanism Revealed from a Stem/Progenitor Cell Cistrome. Mol Cell 2015; 59:62-74. [PMID: 26073540 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2015.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Thousands of cis-elements in genomes are predicted to have vital functions. Although conservation, activity in surrogate assays, polymorphisms, and disease mutations provide functional clues, deletion from endogenous loci constitutes the gold-standard test. A GATA-2-binding, Gata2 intronic cis-element (+9.5) required for hematopoietic stem cell genesis in mice is mutated in a human immunodeficiency syndrome. Because +9.5 is the only cis-element known to mediate stem cell genesis, we devised a strategy to identify functionally comparable enhancers ("+9.5-like") genome-wide. Gene editing revealed +9.5-like activity to mediate GATA-2 occupancy, chromatin opening, and transcriptional activation. A +9.5-like element resided in Samd14, which encodes a protein of unknown function. Samd14 increased hematopoietic progenitor levels/activity and promoted signaling by a pathway vital for hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell regulation (stem cell factor/c-Kit), and c-Kit rescued Samd14 loss-of-function phenotypes. Thus, the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell cistrome revealed a mediator of a signaling pathway that has broad importance for stem/progenitor cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle J Hewitt
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; UW-Madison Blood Research Program, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Duk Hyoung Kim
- Institute for Basic Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, South Korea; Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Prithvia Devadas
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; UW-Madison Blood Research Program, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Rajalekshmi Prathibha
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; UW-Madison Blood Research Program, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Chandler Zuo
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Rajendran Sanalkumar
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; UW-Madison Blood Research Program, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Kirby D Johnson
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; UW-Madison Blood Research Program, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Yoon-A Kang
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; UW-Madison Blood Research Program, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jin-Soo Kim
- Institute for Basic Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, South Korea; Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Colin N Dewey
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Sunduz Keles
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
| | - Emery H Bresnick
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; UW-Madison Blood Research Program, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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Sebastian P, Babu JM, Prathibha R, Hariharan R, Pillai MR. Anterior tongue cancer with no history of tobacco and alcohol use may be a distinct molecular and clinical entity. J Oral Pathol Med 2014; 43:593-9. [PMID: 24809775 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A small, albeit significant, number of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients has no history of tobacco and alcohol use. Such non-habits associated HNSCCs may represent a distinct clinical entity and exhibit increased aggressiveness. The objective of the study was to understand differences in molecular etiology of habits, and non-habits associated tongue carcinomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS High-throughput gene expression profiling of 22 tumor samples was carried out. This was followed by quantitative real-time PCR validation of four of the identified differentially expressed genes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Eighteen genes were identified that correlate strongly with the habits- and non-habits distinction. Among the genes significantly overexpressed in the non-habits group are CCND1, a key cell-cycle regulator, DACT3, a modulator of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway, and three genes associated with the Notch signaling pathway. CCND1 and DACT3 overexpression in non-habits associated tongue carcinomas were subsequently validated by quantitative real-time PCR in an independent cohort (n = 18) of patient samples. Gene expression data were integrated with publicly available protein interaction data to build a small protein interaction network containing five of 18 differentially expressed genes. This suggested that a functional 'network module' can be implicated in the subgroup distinction. All the tumors analyzed here were human papillomavirus (HPV) negative samples. An association between CCND1 overexpression in oral tumors and poor prognosis has previously been reported. Thus, CCND1 overexpression in non-habits associated anterior tongue carcinomas may contribute to their increased clinical aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Sebastian
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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Santhi WS, Prathibha R, Charles S, Anurup KG, Reshmi G, Ramachandran S, Jissa VT, Sebastian P, Radhakrishna Pillai M. Oncogenic microRNAs as biomarkers of oral tumorigenesis and minimal residual disease. Oral Oncol 2013; 49:567-75. [PMID: 23380617 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Classical diagnostic methods are not sensitive enough in detecting oral lesions that may progress to cancer and in assessing minimal residual disease (MRD) in oral surgical margins. Altered expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) contributes to human cancer, including oral cancer. Although there are many studies on microRNAs in oral cancer, there is no reported study comparing the expression of microRNAs during oral tumor progression and in oral surgical margins. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study analyzed the expression of 72 miRNAs that were reported (till June 2011) to be differentially expressed in oral cancer, during phases of oral cancer progression and in oral surgical margins. RESULTS Of the 72 miRNAs analyzed, four (hsa-miR-125a, hsa-miR-184, hsa-miR16 and hsa-miR-96) showed a common pattern of expression in both sets of tissues. We further analyzed the downstream target genes of hsa-miR-16 BCL2 and CCND1. The in silico network analysis of these four microRNAs and their target genes revealed presence of genes involved in tumor progression and transcription factors. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that the combinatorial regulation by these miRNAs and their target transcription factors might play a substantial role in oral tumorigenesis. Here we report for the first time that a decreased expression of hsa-miR-125a, hsa-miR-184 and hsa-miR-16 and an increased expression of hsa-miR-96 could be useful in predicting oral tumorigenesis and importantly in the detection of MRD and decision-making process for postoperative treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Santhi
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 014, Kerala, India.
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Reshmi G, Charles S, James P, Jijith V, Prathibha R, Ramachandran S, Divya R, Ramadas K, Radhakrishna Pillai M. OrCa-dB: A complete catalogue of molecular and clinical information in oral carcinogenesis. Oral Oncol 2012; 48:e19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2012.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Revised: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Babu JM, Prathibha R, Jijith VS, Hariharan R, Pillai MR. A miR-centric view of head and neck cancers. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2011; 1816:67-72. [PMID: 21549178 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2011.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Revised: 04/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas (HNSCCs) constitute the sixth most common cancer worldwide with an average 5-year survival rate of around 50%. Several microRNAs, small non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation, have been linked to HNSCC based on their differential expression in tumors. Here, we present a compilation of multiple types of information on each HNSCC linked miRNA including their expression status in tumors, their molecular targets relevant to cancer, results of gene manipulation studies and association with clinical outcome. Further, we use this information to devise a new scheme for classifying them into causal and non-causal miRNAs in HNSCC. We also discuss the possibility of using miRNAs as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for HNSCC, based on existing literature. Finally, we present available evidence that shows how altered expression of specific miRNAs can contribute to various "hallmarks of cancer" phenotypes such as limitless replicative potential owing to abnormal cell cycle regulation, evasion of apoptosis, reduced response to anti-growth signals, and Epithelial-Mesechymal transition (EMT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Janki Mohan Babu
- Intergrated Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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