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Zirmire RK, Saha D, Dey R, Tanimu H, Zaarour R, Bird D, Cherian P, Rana I, Roy N, Sanyal A, Misra N, Jamora C. Bacopa monnieri phytochemicals regulate fibroblast cell migration via modulation of focal adhesions. iScience 2024; 27:109489. [PMID: 38558933 PMCID: PMC10981128 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The Bacopa monnieri plant contains phytochemicals that have been used extensively in traditional medicine to treat various diseases. More recently it has been shown to accelerate wound healing, though its mechanism of action is largely unknown. Here we investigated the cellular pathways activated by a methanol extract of Bacopa monnieri in human dermal fibroblasts, which play many critical roles in the wound healing program. Gene expression analysis revealed that the Bacopa monnieri extract can modulate multiple processes involved in the wound healing program such as migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis. We discovered that the extract can increase migration of fibroblasts via modulating the size and number of focal adhesions. Bacopa monnieri-mediated changes in focal adhesions are dependent on α5β1 integrin activation and subsequent phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Altogether our results suggest that Bacopa monnieri extract could enhance the wound healing rate via modulating fibroblast migration into the wound bed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra K. Zirmire
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, Karnataka 560065, India
- Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology and Research Academy (SASTRA) University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401, India
| | - Dyuti Saha
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, Karnataka 560065, India
- Department of Biology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Rakesh Dey
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, Karnataka 560065, India
| | - Habibu Tanimu
- JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), #44/4, District Fund Road, Jayanagar 9th Block, Bangalore, Karnataka 560069, India
| | - Rania Zaarour
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, Karnataka 560065, India
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Deborah Bird
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, Karnataka 560065, India
| | - Prakash Cherian
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, Karnataka 560065, India
| | - Isha Rana
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, Karnataka 560065, India
- Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology and Research Academy (SASTRA) University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401, India
| | - Nita Roy
- L'Oréal, Research & Innovation, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Namita Misra
- L’Oréal, Research and Innovation, Aulnay, France
| | - Colin Jamora
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, Karnataka 560065, India
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Shah K, Ghosh J, Patel S, Chowdhuri MB, Jadeja KA, Shukla G, Macwan T, Kumar A, Dolui S, Singh K, Tanna RL, Patel KM, Dey R, Manchanda R, Ramaiya N, Kumar R, Aich S, Yadava N, Purohit S, Gupta MK, Nagora UC, Pathak SK, Atrey PK, Mayya KBK. Author Correction: Role of pinch in Argon impurity transport in ohmic discharges of Aditya-U Tokamak. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19969. [PMID: 37968383 PMCID: PMC10651834 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47362-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Shah
- Department of Physics, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, 382 007, India.
| | - J Ghosh
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
| | - S Patel
- Department of Physics, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, 382 007, India
| | - M B Chowdhuri
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - K A Jadeja
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Department of Nano Science and Advanced Materials, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, 360 005, India
| | - G Shukla
- ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, Koteshwar, Ahmedabad, 380 005, India
| | - T Macwan
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - A Kumar
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - S Dolui
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - K Singh
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - R L Tanna
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382 481, India
| | - K M Patel
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - R Dey
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - R Manchanda
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - N Ramaiya
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - R Kumar
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - S Aich
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - N Yadava
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382 481, India
| | - S Purohit
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - M K Gupta
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - U C Nagora
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - S K Pathak
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - P K Atrey
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - K B K Mayya
- Department of Physics, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, 382 007, India
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Dey R, Sardar SK, Kumar Saha A, Mukherjee S. Nonsynchronized nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation versus continuous positive airway pressure as a primary mode of respiratory support in neonates (26-40 weeks) admitted in a tertiary care center: A randomized controlled trial. Pediatr Pulmonol 2023; 58:3063-3070. [PMID: 37530509 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is a standard respiratory care for neonates for last few decades but it too has a high failure rate. Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is proven to be superior to CPAP in maintaining higher mean airway pressure in neonates with Respiratory Distress Syndrome. The main objective of this study was to compare failure within 72 h of initiation of primary respiratory support between nonsynchronized NIPPV and CPAP in all causes of respiratory distress in newborn infants. Secondarily feed intolerance, Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC > stage II), hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH > gradeIII), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), duration of support and mortality were also compared. METHODS This was a single center randomized controlled trial. Stratified randomization was done for 216 neonates, based on the gestational age in two subgroups 26-33 weeks and 34-40 weeks whopresented with respiratory distress within 5 days of birth, to receive either NIPPV or CPAP. Primary and secondary outcomes were documented. RESULTS Statisticalsignificant difference was noted for primary outcome (RR 0.48 [confidence interval = 0.301-0.786], p = 0.003) but not for other secondary outcomes. NIPPV appeared superior in respect to noninvasiveventilation days, BPD occurrence and hospitalization duration. CONCLUSION As a primary mode, nonsynchronized NIPPV was more efficacious than CPAP in preventing intubation within 72 h of initiation of respiratory support. Further multicenter studies are warranted to explore the benefits of this respiratory support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Dey
- Department of Neonatology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Syamal Kumar Sardar
- Department of Neonatology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Anindya Kumar Saha
- Department of Neonatology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Suchandra Mukherjee
- Department of Neonatology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
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Shah K, Ghosh J, Patel S, Chowdhuri MB, Jadeja KA, Shukla G, Macwan T, Kumar A, Dolui S, Singh K, Tanna RL, Patel KM, Dey R, Manchanda R, Ramaiya N, Kumar R, Aich S, Yadava N, Purohit S, Gupta MK, Nagora UC, Pathak SK, Atrey PK, Mayya KBK. Role of pinch in Argon impurity transport in ohmic discharges of Aditya-U Tokamak. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16087. [PMID: 37752170 PMCID: PMC10522584 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42746-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We present experimental results of the trace argon impurity puffing in the ohmic plasmas of Aditya-U tokamak performed to study the argon transport behaviour. Argon line emissions in visible and Vacuum Ultra Violet (VUV) spectral ranges arising from the plasma edge and core respectively are measured simultaneously. During the experiments, space resolved brightness profile of Ar1+ line emissions at 472.69 nm (3p44s 2P3/2-3p44p 2D3/2), 473.59 nm (3p44s 4P5/2-3p44p 4P3/2), 476.49 nm (3p44s 2P1/2-3p44p 2P3/2), 480.60 nm (3p44s 4P5/2-3p44p 4P5/2) are recorded using a high resolution visible spectrometer. Also, a VUV spectrometer has been used to simultaneously observe Ar13+ line emission at 18.79 nm (2s22p 2P3/2-2s2p2 2P3/2) and Ar14+ line emission at 22.11 nm (2s2 1S0-2s2p 1P1). The diffusivity and convective velocity of Ar are obtained by comparing the measured radial emissivity profile of Ar1+ emission and the line intensity ratio of Ar13+ and Ar14+ ions, with those simulated using the impurity transport code, STRAHL. Argon diffusivities ~ 12 m2/s and ~ 0.3 m2/s have been observed in the edge (ρ > 0.85) and core region of the Aditya-U, respectively. The diffusivity values both in the edge and core region are found to be higher than the neo-classical values suggesting that the argon impurity transport is mainly anomalous in the Aditya-U tokamak. Also, an inward pinch of ~ 10 m/s mainly driven by Ware pinch is required to match the measured and simulated data. The measured peaked profile of Ar density suggests impurity accumulation in these discharges.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Shah
- Department of Physics, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, 382 007, India.
| | - J Ghosh
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
| | - S Patel
- Department of Physics, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, 382 007, India
| | - M B Chowdhuri
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - K A Jadeja
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Department of Nano Science and Advanced Materials, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, 360 005, India
| | - G Shukla
- ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, Koteshwar, Ahmedabad, 380 005, India
| | - T Macwan
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - A Kumar
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - S Dolui
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - K Singh
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - R L Tanna
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382 481, India
| | - K M Patel
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - R Dey
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - R Manchanda
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - N Ramaiya
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - R Kumar
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - S Aich
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - N Yadava
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382 481, India
| | - S Purohit
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - M K Gupta
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - U C Nagora
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - S K Pathak
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - P K Atrey
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - K B K Mayya
- Department of Physics, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, 382 007, India
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Sardar S, Dey R, Mukherjee S, Pal S. Diagnostic dilemma in a case of neonatal cardiac tumor - The importance of histopathology and mutation analysis in clinical practice. Ann Pediatr Cardiol 2023; 16:56-60. [PMID: 37287838 PMCID: PMC10243658 DOI: 10.4103/apc.apc_79_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Fetal or neonatal cardiac tumors are rarely encountered in neonatal practice. Moreover, these can be the earliest manifestation of underlying systemic conditions, such as tuberous sclerosis. Cardiac tumors are primarily diagnosed by characteristic findings in transthoracic echocardiography. However, these findings are not absolute, and histopathology remains the gold standard in diagnosing cardiac tumors. Sometimes, doubtful imaging findings can delay the diagnosis and initiation of definitive management. We describe a case of fetal and neonatal cardiac tumor where histopathology served as a benchmark in making a diagnosis and helped in identifying the underlying systemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syamal Sardar
- Department of Neonatology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Rakesh Dey
- Department of Neonatology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Suchandra Mukherjee
- Department of Neonatology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Somnath Pal
- Department of Neonatology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Rana I, Kataria S, Tan TL, Hajam EY, Kashyap DK, Saha D, Ajnabi J, Paul S, Jayappa S, Ananthan ASHP, Kumar P, Zaarour RF, Haarshaadri J, Kansagara G, Rizvi A, Zirmire RK, Badarinath K, Khedkar SU, Chandra Y, Samuel R, George R, Danda D, Jacob PM, Dey R, Dhandapany PS, He YW, Varga J, Varghese S, Jamora C. Mindin (SPON2) Is Essential for Cutaneous Fibrogenesis in a Mouse Model of Systemic Sclerosis. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 143:699-710.e10. [PMID: 36528128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis is a fibrotic disease that initiates in the skin and progresses to internal organs, leading to a poor prognosis. Unraveling the etiology of a chronic, multifactorial disease such as systemic sclerosis has been aided by various animal models that recapitulate certain aspects of the human pathology. We found that the transcription factor SNAI1 is overexpressed in the epidermis of patients with systemic sclerosis, and a transgenic mouse recapitulating this expression pattern is sufficient to induce many clinical features of the human disease. Using this mouse model as a discovery platform, we have uncovered a critical role for the matricellular protein Mindin (SPON2) in fibrogenesis. Mindin is produced by SNAI1 transgenic skin keratinocytes and aids fibrogenesis by inducing early inflammatory cytokine production and collagen secretion in resident dermal fibroblasts. Given the dispensability of Mindin in normal tissue physiology, targeting this protein holds promise as an effective therapy for fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Rana
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India; School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology and Research Academy (SASTRA) Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Sunny Kataria
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India; National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Tuan Lin Tan
- Department of Bioengineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA; School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Singapore Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Edries Yousaf Hajam
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India; School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology and Research Academy (SASTRA) Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Kashyap
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India; Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Dyuti Saha
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Johan Ajnabi
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Sayan Paul
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Shashank Jayappa
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Akhil S H P Ananthan
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Rania F Zaarour
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India; Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine (TRIPM), Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - J Haarshaadri
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Gaurav Kansagara
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India; Animal Care and Resource Centre (ACRC), Bangalore Life Science Cluster, Bangalore, India
| | - Abrar Rizvi
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Ravindra K Zirmire
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India; School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology and Research Academy (SASTRA) Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Krithika Badarinath
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India; National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Sneha Uday Khedkar
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Yogesh Chandra
- Animal Care and Resource Centre (ACRC), Bangalore Life Science Cluster, Bangalore, India
| | - Rekha Samuel
- Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR), Christian Medical College Vellore, Vellore, India; Department of Pathology, Manipal - Tata Medical College Jamshedpur, Jamshedpur, India
| | - Renu George
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Christian Medical College Vellore, Vellore, India
| | - Debashish Danda
- Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, Christian Medical College Vellore, Vellore, India
| | | | - Rakesh Dey
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | | | - You-Wen He
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - John Varga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Shyni Varghese
- Department of Bioengineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Colin Jamora
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India.
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Prasad JK, Dey R, Raghuwanshi R. Exopolysaccharide-Producing Rhizospheric Bacteria Enhance Yield via Promoting Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Growth at Early Stages. Microbiology (Reading) 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261721102622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Ramaiya N, Manchanda R, Chowdhuri MB, Yadava N, Dey R, Kumar A, Shah K, Patel S, Jadeja KA, Patel KM, Kumar R, Aich S, Pathak SK, Tanna RL, Ghosh J. Initial results from near-infrared spectroscopy on ADITYA-U tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:113552. [PMID: 36461425 DOI: 10.1063/5.0101850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Spectroscopy in vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and visible ranges plays an important role in the investigation and diagnosis of tokamak plasmas. However, under harsh environmental conditions of fusion grade devices, such as ITER, VUV-visible systems encounter many issues due to the degradation of optical components used in such systems. Here, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has become an effective tool in understanding the edge plasma dynamics. Considering its importance, a NIR spectroscopic diagnostic has been developed and installed on the ADITYA-U tokamak. The system consists of a 0.5 m spectrometer having three gratings with different groove densities, and it is coupled with a linear InGaAs photodiode array. Radiation from the ADITYA-U edge plasma has been collected using a collimating lens and optical fiber combination and transported to the spectrometer. The spectrum in the NIR range from the ADITYA-U plasma has been recorded using this system, in which Paβ and Paγ along with many spectral lines from neutral and singly ionized impurities have been observed. The influxes of H and C have been estimated from measurements. The H influx value is found to be 2.8 × 1016 and 1.9 × 1016 particles cm-2 s-1 from neutral hydrogen lines Hα and Paβ, respectively, and the C influx value is found to be 3.5 × 1015 and 2.9 × 1015 particles cm-2 s-1 from the neutral carbon and singly ionized carbon, respectively. A good agreement is seen between these results and the results obtained by using a routine photomultiplier tube based diagnostic.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ramaiya
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382 428, India
| | - R Manchanda
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382 428, India
| | - M B Chowdhuri
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382 428, India
| | - N Yadava
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382 481, India
| | - R Dey
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382 428, India
| | - A Kumar
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382 428, India
| | - K Shah
- Department of Physics, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar 382 007, India
| | - S Patel
- Department of Physics, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar 382 007, India
| | - K A Jadeja
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382 428, India
| | - K M Patel
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382 428, India
| | - R Kumar
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382 428, India
| | - S Aich
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382 428, India
| | - S K Pathak
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382 428, India
| | - R L Tanna
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382 428, India
| | - J Ghosh
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382 428, India
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Bhatt T, Dey R, Hegde A, Ketkar AA, Pulianmackal AJ, Deb AP, Rampalli S, Jamora C. Initiation of wound healing is regulated by the convergence of mechanical and epigenetic cues. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001777. [PMID: 36112666 PMCID: PMC9522318 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing in the skin is a complex physiological process that is a product of a cell state transition from homeostasis to repair. Mechanical cues are increasingly being recognized as important regulators of cellular reprogramming, but the mechanism by which it is translated to changes in gene expression and ultimately cellular behavior remains largely a mystery. To probe the molecular underpinnings of this phenomenon further, we used the down-regulation of caspase-8 as a biomarker of a cell entering the wound healing program. We found that the wound-induced release of tension within the epidermis leads to the alteration of gene expression via the nuclear translocation of the DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3a). This enzyme then methylates promoters of genes that are known to be down-regulated in response to wound stimuli as well as potentially novel players in the repair program. Overall, these findings illuminate the convergence of mechanical and epigenetic signaling modules that are important regulators of the transcriptome landscape required to initiate the tissue repair process in the differentiated layers of the epidermis. Wound healing in the skin is a complex physiological process that entails a cell state transition from homeostasis to repair. This study reveals a mechanism involving nuclear translocation of DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3a) that initiates the wound-healing process and is perturbed in skin diseases such as psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanay Bhatt
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Center for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Rakesh Dey
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Center for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Akshay Hegde
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Center for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Alhad Ashok Ketkar
- Center for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Ajai J. Pulianmackal
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Center for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Ashim P. Deb
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Center for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Shravanti Rampalli
- Center for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Colin Jamora
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Center for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
- * E-mail:
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10
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Mapondela KB, Dey R, Levin M. Usability study of a sleeve attachment device for enhancing ease of use of metered dose inhalers in children. S Afr Med J 2022; 112:842-849. [PMID: 36420730 DOI: 10.7196/samj.2022.v112i11.16671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with asthma often lack the strength to activate their pressurised metered dose inhaler (pMDI). A recently developed sleeve device that attaches to a pMDI reduces the activation force of pMDIs from 36 - 39 Newtons (N) to 12.6 N and monitors the remaining doses with a built-in counter. OBJECTIVES To examine the usability and patient experience of the Easy Squeezy (ES) sleeve attachment device in the paediatric patient population. METHODS This cross-over study included 40 participants aged 5 - 10 years, half of whom had previous experience in using a pMDI. The experienced participants had used a pMDI for at least 1 year, and the inexperienced participants had no experience of using a pMDI. Participants and their parents recorded their responses on the ease of use, perceptions and satisfaction with using the pMDI alone and the pMDI with the ES. RESULTS The participants felt that it was easier for them to activate the pMDI using the ES. They liked the ES device more than the pMDI and felt happier using the ES device. The parents reported that their children would be happier using the ES and would find it easier to activate the pMDI using the ES, that the built-in counter in the ES would make it easier to keep track of the doses, and that their children would be more likely to take the ES to school and use it there compared with the pMDI. They would recommend the ES to other parents and were willing to buy the device with their own money. CONCLUSION The paediatric participants and their parents reported that the ES made it easier for children to activate the pMDI, that the counter made it easier to keep count of the doses, and that the aesthetics of the ES could potentially remove the stigma attached to use of a pMDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Mapondela
- Division of Paediatric Allergology, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - R Dey
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - M Levin
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
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11
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Zaarour RF, Saha D, Dey R, Dutta A, Kumar P, Rana I, Pulianmackal A, Rizvi A, Misra N, Breton L, Jamora C. The neuropeptide Substance P facilitates the transition from an inflammatory to proliferation phase associated responses in dermal fibroblasts. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:1188-1201. [PMID: 35353932 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The wound healing process is a product of three successive and overlapping phases of inflammation, proliferation and remodeling. Considerable efforts have been invested in deconstructing the intercellular crosstalk that orchestrates tissue repair and we investigated the role of neuropeptides released from peripheral neurons upon injury in mediating these interactions. Amongst the most abundant of these neuropeptides secreted by nerves in the skin, is Substance P (SP). Given the role of dermal fibroblasts in coordinating multiple processes in the wound healing program, the effect of SP on human dermal fibroblasts of different ages was evaluated. The use of a substrate that recapitulates the mechanical properties of the in vivo tissue revealed novel effects of SP on dermal fibroblasts, including a block in inflammatory cytokine expression. Moreover, SP can promote expression of some extracellular matrix components and generates signals that regulate angiogenesis. Interestingly, the response of fibroblasts to SP was reduced concomitant with donor age. Altogether, SP acts to inhibit the inflammatory responses and promote proliferation associated responses in an age-dependent manner in dermal fibroblasts, suggesting a role as a molecular switch between the inflammatory and proliferative phases of the wound healing response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania F Zaarour
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India.,Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Dyuti Saha
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India.,Department of Biology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Rakesh Dey
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Anupam Dutta
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Isha Rana
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India.,Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology and Research Academy, SASTRA) University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Ajai Pulianmackal
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Abrar Rizvi
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Namita Misra
- L'Oréal, Research and Innovation, Aulnay, France
| | | | - Colin Jamora
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
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12
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Rachuene A, Dey R, de Villiers S, Berry K, Mulder M, du Plessis J, Roche S. Retrospective audit of serum vitamin D levels in patients who underwent Latarjet procedure for anterior shoulder instability. SA orthop j 2022. [DOI: 10.17159/2309-8309/2022/v21n4a4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to review vitamin D levels in patients who underwent Latarjet procedures at a tertiary teaching hospital and a private clinic. METHODS: A retrospective review of clinical and radiological records was performed for 22 patients who underwent Latarjet procedure between November 2017 and June 2019. Postoperative vitamin D levels were retrieved and classified into sufficient (> 75 nmol/L), insufficient (25-75 nmol/L), and deficient (< 25 nmol/L) groups. Two observers assessed radiographic images of the patients at six weeks and three months after surgery. Any bone resorption, fracture and nonunion were reported, and interobserver reliability was analysed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS: The median age was 20.5 years and was predominantly male. A little more than two-thirds (68.1%) of the patients were found to have insufficient or deficient levels of vitamin D. One patient from the insufficient group had postoperative bone resorption. Good interobserver reliability was observed with the ICC value being 0.86. CONCLUSION: This study found a prevalence of insufficient/deficient vitamin D levels in young patients undergoing a Latarjet procedure. This study serves as a reminder to orthopaedic surgeons that vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among patients undergoing Latarjet Level of evidence: Level 4.
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13
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Mukherjee C, Kundu A, Dey R, Banerjee A, Sengupta K. Active microrheology using pulsed optical tweezers to probe viscoelasticity of lamin A. Soft Matter 2021; 17:6787-6796. [PMID: 34219136 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00293g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lamins are nucleoskeletal proteins of mammalian cells that stabilize the structure and maintain the rigidity of the nucleus. These type V intermediate filament proteins which are predominantly of A and B types provide necessary tensile strength to the nucleus. Single amino acid missense mutations occurring all over the lamin A protein form a cluster of human diseases termed as laminopathies, most of which principally affect the muscle and cardiac tissues responsible for load bearing functionalities of the body. One such mutation is A350P which causes dilated cardiomyopathy in patients. It is postulated that a change from alanine to proline in the α-helical coiled-coil forming 2B rod domain of the protein might severely disrupt the propensity of the filaments to polymerise into functional higher order structures required to form a fully functional lamina with its characteristic elasticity. In this study, we have elucidated for the very first time, the application of active microrheology employing oscillating optical tweezers to investigate any alterations in the viscoelastic parameters of the mutant protein meshwork in vitro, which might translate into possible changes in nuclear plasticity. We confirmed our findings from this robust yet fast method by imaging both the wild type and mutant lamin A networks using a super resolution microscope, and observed changes in the mesh size which corroborate our measured changes in the viscoelastic parameters of the lamins. This method could thus be extended to conduct microrheological measurements on any intermediate filament protein thus bearing significant implications in laminopathies and other diseases associated with intermediate filaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mukherjee
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700064, West Bengal, India. and Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400076, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Kundu
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India.
| | - R Dey
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India.
| | - A Banerjee
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India.
| | - K Sengupta
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700064, West Bengal, India. and Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400076, Maharashtra, India
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14
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Moonda Z, Nortje MB, Dey R. Does the intra-operatively measured leg length correction compare to the post-operative radiograph in total hip replacement surgery? SA orthop j 2020. [DOI: 10.17159/2309-8309/2020/v19n4a2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: This study aims to analyse the accuracy of the Vertical Measurement System™ (VMS) in assessing the leg length correction (LLC) during total hip arthroplasty (THA) by comparing the intra-operative measurements to the radiographic measurements obtained six weeks post-operatively Patients and methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in which patients undergoing primary THA were enrolled at two centres in Cape Town, over a period of 19 weeks. THAs were performed by four surgeons. Pre-operative leg length discrepancy (LLD) measurements were obtained in 92 patients. The VMS was used to predict intra-operative LLC, and this measurement was compared to the post-operative LLC measured on the six-week follow-up X-ray. These measurements were statistically compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: The difference between the intra-operative VMS calculation and the six-week radiological measurement was not significant (p>0.05), with the difference in their mean values being 0.1±3.3 mm. In the cohort, 82% of the patients (n=75) were within 5 mm of the target LLC, and 96% of patients (n=88) were within 10 mm of the target LLC. The mean absolute residual LLD at six weeks was 3.2±3.1 mm. CONCLUSION: The intra-operative LLC measurement obtained using the VMS accurately predicts the six-week post-operative radiographic LLC measurement Level of evidence: Level 4 Keywords: total hip replacement, leg length discrepancy, leg length correction, vertical measurement system, comparative study, longitudinal study
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15
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Panchoo P, Wiegerinck J, Boskovic V, Laubscher M, Maqungo S, McCollum G, Dey R. Outcomes of primary fusion in high-energy Lisfranc injuries at a tertiary state hospital. SA orthop j 2020. [DOI: 10.17159/2309-8309/2020/v19n3a4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: High-energy Lisfranc injuries are relatively uncommon but can lead to severe disability and morbidity. Primary fusion is a treatment option that can improve outcomes and reduce the reoperation rate. The aim of this study was to evaluate our series of primary fusions for high-energy Lisfranc injuries, looking specifically at type of fusion, time to union, non-union rates, reoperation rates and quality of reduction METHODS: Patients who underwent surgery for Lisfranc injuries were identified from the REDCap surgical database and then retrieved from records. Only cases of primary fusion in adults were included. We excluded low-energy sprains and athletic injuries, ipsilateral lower limb injuries and cases where reduction and fixation were done. Radiographs were analysed from the iSite Enterprise PACS system (Philips® RESULTS: Between 2013 and 2018, 12 cases of high-energy Lisfranc injuries were identified where primary fusion was done. Seven patients (58%) underwent fusion of the first, second and third tarsometatarsal (TMT) joints. The first and second TMT joints were fused in only one case (8%), and the second and third TMT joints were fused in four cases (33%). Only one patient (8%) had removal of implants. Compression plating was the technique of choice used for fusion. There was l0o% union rate and average time to union was 84 days. Acceptable reduction was observed in nine cases (75%). Three cases (25%) of malreduction were found, among which one patient had pre-existing hallux valgus CONCLUSION: The majority of patients who underwent primary fusion of at least one TMT joint had good radiological outcome. Further studies with better clinical follow-up are needed Level of evidence: Level 4 Keywords: Lisfranc, tarsometatarsal, outcome, fusion
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16
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Dey R, Patnaik S, Nair G, Steiner S, Sivarasu S. An intra-operative device for parallel drilling and femoral landmark estimation during medial patellofemoral ligament reconstructive surgery. SA orthop j 2020. [DOI: 10.17159/2309-8309/2020/v19n4a3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to design and test a device to guide medial patellofemoral reconstruction surgeries. Materials and methods: A three-dimensional (3D) printed, modular and cost-effective medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction guide, Pat-Rig, was designed with parallel holes running in the medio-lateral direction. This device was manufactured using a commercial additive manufacturing facility, and bench tested using a custom-built test rig. CT scans of patella bones were reconstructed, and the device was tested on four 3D-printed patellas of various sizes. RESULTS: The device was successful in guiding the surgical drill into the patella to drill parallel holes adhering to the current surgical requirements and specifications. The device was augmented with an innovative radiopaque scale which can allow the surgeon to accurately predict the landmarks to drill and measure the drill depth of the tunnels. CONCLUSION: There are no devices on the market that accurately predict the drill locations on the patella during MPFL reconstruction surgeries. The device, Pat-Rig, was found to overcome the current limitations of the MPFL surgeries and was able to provide satisfactory surgical guidance during the reconstruction. Level of evidence: Level 5 Keywords: knee surgery, patella, orthopaedic, MPFL reconstruction, 3D-printed, novel surgical device.
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17
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Pincha N, Hajam EY, Badarinath K, Batta SPR, Masudi T, Dey R, Andreasen P, Kawakami T, Samuel R, George R, Danda D, Jacob PM, Jamora C. PAI1 mediates fibroblast-mast cell interactions in skin fibrosis. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:1807-1819. [PMID: 29584619 DOI: 10.1172/jci99088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a prevalent pathological condition arising from the chronic activation of fibroblasts. This activation results from the extensive intercellular crosstalk mediated by both soluble factors and direct cell-cell connections. Prominent among these are the interactions of fibroblasts with immune cells, in which the fibroblast-mast cell connection, although acknowledged, is relatively unexplored. We have used a Tg mouse model of skin fibrosis, based on expression of the transcription factor Snail in the epidermis, to probe the mechanisms regulating mast cell activity and the contribution of these cells to this pathology. We have discovered that Snail-expressing keratinocytes secrete plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI1), which functions as a chemotactic factor to increase mast cell infiltration into the skin. Moreover, we have determined that PAI1 upregulates intercellular adhesion molecule type 1 (ICAM1) expression on dermal fibroblasts, rendering them competent to bind to mast cells. This heterotypic cell-cell adhesion, also observed in the skin fibrotic disorder scleroderma, culminates in the reciprocal activation of both mast cells and fibroblasts, leading to the cascade of events that promote fibrogenesis. Thus, we have identified roles for PAI1 in the multifactorial program of fibrogenesis that expand its functional repertoire beyond its canonical role in plasmin-dependent processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Pincha
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Edries Yousaf Hajam
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.,Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology and Research Academy (SASTRA) University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krithika Badarinath
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.,National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), GKVK post, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Surya Prakash Rao Batta
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Tafheem Masudi
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rakesh Dey
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Peter Andreasen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Toshiaki Kawakami
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.,Laboratory for Allergic Disease, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Research Center for Allergy and Immunology (IMS-RCAI), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Rekha Samuel
- Department of Pathology, Center for Stem Cell Research
| | - Renu George
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy
| | | | | | - Colin Jamora
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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18
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Chaudhuri A, Dey R. Chimney Endovascular Reconstruction of the Aortic Bifurcation (Ch-ERAB) for Aorto-iliac Occlusive Disease Allows Inferior Mesenteric Arterial Preservation. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2017; 54:404. [PMID: 28602579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Chaudhuri
- Bedfordshire-Milton Keynes Vascular Centre, Bedford Hospital NHS Trust, Bedford, UK.
| | - R Dey
- Bedfordshire-Milton Keynes Vascular Centre, Bedford Hospital NHS Trust, Bedford, UK
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19
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Mehta T, Dey R, Chaudhuri A. Ilioprofunda Endobypass Can Successfully Treat a Post-Operative Femoral Pseudo-Aneurysm. EJVES Short Rep 2016; 34:9-12. [PMID: 28856325 PMCID: PMC5576153 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvssr.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A 75-year-old male patient with significant cardiopulmonary comorbidity presented with a 70-mm left femoral pseudoaneurysm 6 years after aortobifemoral bypass (and prior femoral endarterectomy). REPORT As the left superficial femoral artery was occluded, an ilioprofunda endobypass was undertaken following extraperitoneal exposure of the left limb of the bypass graft with subsequent deployment of four Viabahn endoprostheses via the left limb into the proximal left deep femoral artery with successful exclusion of the pseudoaneurysm. The endografts remain patent at 6 months with regression noted in the pseudoaneurysm itself. DISCUSSION Post-operative femoral pseudoaneurysm following anastomotic dehiscence has traditionally been treated by open surgical repair. Re-re-do open femoral vascular surgery has a high complication rate. Scarring and potential graft infection may necessitate ligation of involved arteries and extra-anatomic bypasses with an attendant risk of limb loss. Although the common femoral artery is conventionally contraindicated for endograft deployment because of the perceived high risk of stent fracture in a highly mobile zone, an endobypass can avoid the potential complications of open revision groin surgery in an unfit, high-risk patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mehta
- Bedfordshire-Milton Keynes Vascular Centre, Bedford Hospital NHS Trust, UK
| | - R Dey
- Bedfordshire-Milton Keynes Vascular Centre, Bedford Hospital NHS Trust, UK
| | - A Chaudhuri
- Bedfordshire-Milton Keynes Vascular Centre, Bedford Hospital NHS Trust, UK
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20
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Chaudhuri A, Dey R. Common Iliac Aneurysm 30 Years After Open Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2016; 52:384. [PMID: 27473811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - R Dey
- Bedford Hospital NHS Trust, Bedford, UK
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21
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Dey R, Sharma BK, Singh VK, Jha DK. Gallbladder Volume in Sikkimese Population. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2016; 14:144-147. [PMID: 28166071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Gall bladder volume can have clinical and therapeutic implications and possibly affect certain pathophysiological mechanisms of many diseases affecting the gallbladder including gall stones. Objective The objective of the study was to establish baseline indices of gallbladder volume for the Sikkimese population and determine its correlation with age, sex and Body Mass Index. Method A prospective epidemiologic study on selected 100 patients (equal male to female ratio) over the age of 36 years, undergoing ultrasound scan of abdomen, was undertaken. Age, Sex, Body Mass Index and gall bladder volume for each subject were collected and analysed statistically. Spearman's correlation test was performed to look for significant variables. Result The overall mean gallbladder volume in the present study was 15.47±7.9 ml with 17.2±8.9 ml and 13.74±6.4 ml being average volumes in males and females respectively, which gives the baseline indices for the Sikkimese population. Gall bladder volume was strikingly increased in obese subjects. There was a positive correlation between gall bladder volume and age (r=0.114), gender (r=0.182) and BMI (r= 0.175) but the strength of correlation was weak and not statistically significant (p <0.001). Conclusion Ultrasonography is an easy and effective method for evaluation of gall bladder volume. Sikkimese males have a larger fasting gall bladder volume which is directly correlated with higher body mass index. Fasting gall bladder volume has a weak correlation with advancing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dey
- Department of Physiology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences(SMIMS), Sikkim Manipal University, 5th Mile, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim. 737102 India
| | - B K Sharma
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences(SMIMS), Sikkim Manipal University, 5th Mile, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim. 737102 India
| | - V K Singh
- Department of Surgery, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences(SMIMS), Sikkim Manipal University, 5th Mile, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim. 737102 India
| | - D K Jha
- Department of Physiology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences(SMIMS), Sikkim Manipal University, 5th Mile, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim. 737102 India
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Chaudhuri A, Dey R. Bypassing the Bypass. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2016; 51:765. [PMID: 27020887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2016.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Chaudhuri
- Bedfordshire-Milton Keynes Vascular Centre, Bedford Hospital NHS Trust, Bedford, UK.
| | - R Dey
- Bedfordshire-Milton Keynes Vascular Centre, Bedford Hospital NHS Trust, Bedford, UK
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Dey R. Peeling Away Better Than Fishing Around Later! Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2016; 51:586. [PMID: 26947540 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2016.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Dey
- Northampton General Hospital, Northampton, UK.
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Abstract
The ability to integrate inside the host genome lays a strong foundation for HIV to play hide and seek with the host's immune surveillance mechanisms. Present anti-viral therapies, although successful in suppressing the virus to a certain level, fail to wipe it out completely. However, recent approaches in modifying stem cells and enabling them to give rise to potent/resistant T-cells against HIV holds immense hope for eradication of the virus from the host. In this review, we will briefly discuss previous landmark studies on engineering stem cells or T-cells that have been explored for therapeutic efficacy against HIV. We will also analyze potential benefits and pitfalls of some studies done recently and will share our opinion on emerging trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dey
- Functional Genomics Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - B Pillai
- Functional Genomics Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
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Chaudhuri A, Dey R. Multi-component Parallel Endografts at Complex TEVAR May Be Prone to Modular Dislocation Causing Novel Endoleaks: A Tale of Two Cases. EJVES Short Rep 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvssr.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Riache N, Callens E, Espinas J, Dery A, Samantaray MK, Dey R, Basset JM. Striking difference between alkane and olefin metathesis using the well-defined precursor [Si–O–WMe5]: indirect evidence in favour of a bifunctional catalyst W alkylidene–hydride. Catal Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cy00663a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Metathesis of linear alkanes versus olefins using supported multifunctional catalyst gives a very striking different distribution of metathesis products.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Riache
- KAUST Catalyst Center
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Saudi Arabia
| | - E. Callens
- KAUST Catalyst Center
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Saudi Arabia
| | - J. Espinas
- KAUST Catalyst Center
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Saudi Arabia
| | - A. Dery
- KAUST Catalyst Center
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Saudi Arabia
| | - M. K. Samantaray
- KAUST Catalyst Center
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Saudi Arabia
| | - R. Dey
- KAUST Catalyst Center
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Saudi Arabia
| | - J. M. Basset
- KAUST Catalyst Center
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Saudi Arabia
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Chaudhuri A, York A, Dey R. Percutaneous Vascular Closure Using an Anchored Collagen Plug Provides Effective Haemostasis Following both Antegrade and Retrograde Femoral Arterial Punctures. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2014; 48:220-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2014.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Dey R, Soni K, Saravanan S, Balakrishnan P, Kumar V, Scaria V, Pillai B, Solomon S, Brahmachari SK. Expression of the human microRNA miR 29a in an Indian cohort of HIV patients. BMC Infect Dis 2014. [PMCID: PMC4080192 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-s3-o9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Biofilms (BFs) are a potential source of highly resistant infections, frequently formed on devicesand pose problems for management. AIM This study was to develop rational approach for prevention of indwelling urologic device associated biofilm colonization. SUBJECTS AND METHODS From randomly selected patients visiting Department of Urology of a tertiary hospital in India 150 uro catheters and 31 used ureteric stents, in-situ for > 30, were collected aseptically. The organisms were isolated and identified from washed devices dipped in broth. Evidence of bacteriuria in each case was checked by semi-quantitative method of urine culture, on day 0 and 14 of device use. The BF statuses of the device-adhered organisms were confirmed by modified method of Christensen. The antibiotic susceptibility was determined by disc diffusion method. Data were analyzed using the Graphpad Prism version 5 statistical software. RESULTS Both single and multi-species BFs were formed on catheters, whereas mono-bacterial BFs were exclusive on stents. Predominant organisms were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (30.67%,69/225,) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (15.11%, 34/225), Escherichia coli (13.78%, 31/225), Klebsiella pneumoniae (12%, 27/225), Staphylococcus epidermidis (8.44%, 19/225). Of all strains, (89.33%, 201/225) were found to be BF positive and their colonizations were early indicated by the presence of insignificant bacteriuria in follow-up urine samples. All BF isolates were resistant to at least three antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS BF colonization was almost inevitable in prolonged used urinary devices and the most frequent organisms were Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, and Escherichia spp. Their colonizations usually were indicated by insignificant bacteriuria from follow-up samples. Such BF dislodged organisms were multidrug resistant and could be a source of disseminated infection, yet were in-vitro preventable by many drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chatterjee
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Bhawanipur, West Bengal, India
| | - Pk Maiti
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Bhawanipur, West Bengal, India
| | - R Dey
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Bhawanipur, West Bengal, India
| | - Ak Kundu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Bhawanipur, West Bengal, India
| | - Rk Dey
- Department of Urology, R. G. Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Maiti PK, Haldar J, Mukherjee P, Dey R. Anaerobic culture on growth efficient bi-layered culture plate in a modified candle jar using a rapid and slow combustion system. Indian J Med Microbiol 2013; 31:173-6. [PMID: 23867675 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.115218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Success for maximum isolation of anaerobes depends on maintaining critically low oxygen levels throughout and growth in a reduced medium with exclusion of inhibitory substances. Hence a dual system was used equipped with candle combustion for instant exhaustion of major part of oxygen from a sealed jar, along with acidified steel wool for residual oxygen purging. For inhibitory substances removal, test anaerobes were grown on anaerobic medium layered on buffer charcoal agar bed. After 48 hours incubation average colony sizes were compared with that of growths in conventional Gas-Pak system. Better growths were noted in the innovative system.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Maiti
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, AJC Bose Road, Kolkata, India
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31
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Maiti P, Das S, Ghosh T, Dey R. Effects of potassium iodide on low avid immunological reactions: probable mechanism of action on selective fungal infections. Ann Med Health Sci Res 2013; 3:397-401. [PMID: 24116321 PMCID: PMC3793447 DOI: 10.4103/2141-9248.117956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Selective in-vivo anti-fungal action of potassium iodide (KI) is an enigma, but circumstantial evidences strongly indicate some immune mechanism. Aim: Study was to demonstrate in-vitro immune-modulating role of KI. Materials and Methods: In identical test conditions keeping appropriate control, different immunological tests were performed with and without 0.1% effective concentration of KI. i) Sera from Coombs positive mothers were treated with O, Rh-positive erythrocyte suspensions along with Coombs’ sera (CS)/Bovine albumin (BA)/KI. ii) Amboceptor and complement (C) mixtures were titrated for hemolysis with or without KI. iii) Suspension of Salmonella Typhi with positive sera from enteric cases and C + KI was incubated at 37°C for 30 minutes, then sub-cultured on MacConkey Agar. iv) Positive serum from chronic muco-cutaneous candidiasis patient was treated with suspension of candida isolate and C + KI at 37°C for 30 minutes then sub-cultured to note variations in colony counts. The data was analyzed by Fishers exact test using Graphpad Prism 5 version 5.00 (California USA) Results: i) KI like BA or CS showed hemagglutination. ii) C-mediated hemolysis was inhibited in presence of KI. iii) C-mediated lysis of S. typhi was partially enhanced by KI showing reduced number of colonies; iv) while lysis of candida was reduced. Conclusions: KI increases avidity of some immune reactions including C-mediated cell lysis. An increase or decrease of cell-lysis resulted by KI probably mediates by altered access of C-binding receptors. Thus, hypothetically, a non-protective Splendore Hoeppli-like deposit around fungus may turn into protective immune mechanism by influence of KI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pk Maiti
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
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Soni K, Gupta S, Gokhale SS, Dey R, Gunjal AD, Kumar VA, Pillai B. Detection and knockdown of microRNA-34a using thioacetamido nucleic acid. Nucleic Acid Ther 2013; 23:195-202. [PMID: 23647235 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2012.0411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Thioacetamido nucleic acids (TANA) contain a backbone modification of dinucleotides consisting of a 5-atom amide linker N3'-COCH2-S-CH2 at thymidine or thymidine-cytidine dimer blocks. Here, the chemical synthesis of the TANA linked 5-methyl-cytidine-cytidine ((Me)cc) dimer block and its incorporation into the DNA sequence, complementary to human microRNA 34 (miR-34) is described. Further, for the first time, we demonstrate the biological applications of TANA modified oligonucleotides in detection and intracellular knockdown of a cancer related microRNA in comparison with DNA containing locked nucleic acid (LNA) and 2'-O-methyl modifications. The human microRNA miR-34 is a pro-apoptotic microRNA under the transcriptional control of protein 53 (p53). It gets expressed in response to DNA damage and regulates several cell cycle and apoptosis related targets. Here, we show that the TANA modified antisense oligonucleotide binds specifically to miR-34a, allowing its detection using primer extension. We also show that, using the TANA modified antisense oligonucleotide against miR-34a, intracellular levels of miR-34 can be reduced, and consequently, the expression of its target oncogene V-myc myelocytomatosis viral related oncogene, neuroblastoma derived (MYCN) is enhanced. Further, we assessed the toxicity and serum stability of the oligonucleotide to conclude that it is suitable for detection and modulation of the vital biomarker and tumor suppressor microRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Soni
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
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33
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Bhadra P, Mitra M, Das G, Dey R, Mukherjee S. Interaction of chitosan capped ZnO nanorods with Escherichia coli. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2011.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Maitra S, Dey M, Panja A, Bhattacharya S, Dey R, Sengupta A. Diurnal Profiles of Blood Glucose in Relation to Time of Administration of Melatonin in Male Spotted Munia (Lonchura punctulata). BIOL RHYTHM RES 2010. [DOI: 10.1076/0929-1016(200004)31:2;1-u;ft220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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36
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Maitra SK, Dey M, Chopra S, Dey R, Sengupta A, Bhattacharya S. Effects of Pinealectomy and Exogenous Melatonin on the Thyroid Gland Activity Varies in Relation to Reproductive Status of Male Spotted Munia (Lonchura punctulata; Aves, Passeriformes). BIOL RHYTHM RES 2010. [DOI: 10.1076/0929-1016(200010)31:4;1-2;ft437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. K. Maitra
- a Department of Zoology, University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan - 713 104, India
| | - M. Dey
- a Department of Zoology, University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan - 713 104, India
| | - S. Chopra
- a Department of Zoology, University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan - 713 104, India
| | - R. Dey
- a Department of Zoology, University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan - 713 104, India
| | - A. Sengupta
- a Department of Zoology, University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan - 713 104, India
| | - S. Bhattacharya
- a Department of Zoology, University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan - 713 104, India
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Ayres JG, Forsberg B, Annesi-Maesano I, Dey R, Ebi KL, Helms PJ, Medina-Ramón M, Windt M, Forastiere F. Climate change and respiratory disease: European Respiratory Society position statement. Eur Respir J 2009; 34:295-302. [PMID: 19251790 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00003409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Climate change will affect individuals with pre-existing respiratory disease, but the extent of the effect remains unclear. The present position statement was developed on behalf of the European Respiratory Society in order to identify areas of concern arising from climate change for individuals with respiratory disease, healthcare workers in the respiratory sector and policy makers. The statement was developed following a 2-day workshop held in Leuven (Belgium) in March 2008. Key areas of concern for the respiratory community arising from climate change are discussed and recommendations made to address gaps in knowledge. The most important recommendation was the development of more accurate predictive models for predicting the impact of climate change on respiratory health. Respiratory healthcare workers also have an advocatory role in persuading governments and the European Union to maintain awareness and appropriate actions with respect to climate change, and these areas are also discussed in the position statement.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Ayres
- Institute of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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Reist R, Bryner K, Wearden P, Blackford J, Vrana K, Castranova V, Dey R. Development of a Bioassay for Pulmonary Cell Production of Fibrogenic Factors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/15376519109036525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Bhattacharyya (Majumdar) S, Dey R, Majumder N, Bhattacharjee S, Majumdar S. A Novel Approach to Regulate Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis in Murine Macrophages using CCR5 siRNA. Scand J Immunol 2008; 67:345-53. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2008.02076.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Majumder N, Bhattacharjee S, Bhattacharyya Majumdar S, Dey R, Guha P, Pal NK, Majumdar S. Restoration of impaired free radical generation and proinflammatory cytokines by MCP-1 in mycobacterial pathogenesis. Scand J Immunol 2008; 67:329-39. [PMID: 18282229 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2008.02070.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis exerts its pathogenic effects mainly via its cell wall glycolipid called Mannosylated Lipoarabinomannan (Man-LAM), which subverts the cellular inflammatory responses by the suppression of superoxide anion generation in earlier hours, and nitric oxide (NO) generation at later hours of pathogenic invasion. In this paper, we have shown the prophylactic effect of C-C chemokines, both in vitro and in vivo. Exogenous administration of C-C chemokines, particularly monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, led to the induction of superoxide anion generation via the restoration of impaired protein kinase C (PKC) signalling in Man-LAM-treated macrophages. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 could also potently induce NO generation by upregulation of the proinflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-12 from Man-LAM-treated macrophages accompanied by inhibition of anti-inflammatory responses. Our in vivo observations clearly exhibited effective restoration of impaired PKC signalling as well as proinflammatory cytokine expression by MCP-1 in Man-LAM treated as well as M. tuberculosis H37Rv-infected C57BL/6 mice. We also observed, as direct evidence, that MCP-1 induced a significant reduction of the number of viable tubercle bacilli in the lungs and spleen of infected mice. Collectively, our findings strongly suggest the effectiveness of MCP-1 as a potent immunoprophylactic tool for controlling the mycobacterial establishment within the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Majumder
- Department of Microbiology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India.
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41
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Dey R, Majumder N, Majumdar SB, Bhattacharjee S, Banerjee S, Roy S, Majumdar S. Induction of Host Protective Th1 Immune Response by Chemokines in Leishmania donovani-infected BALB/c Mice. Scand J Immunol 2007; 66:671-83. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2007.02025.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Roy S, Dey R, Mitra A, Mukherjee S, Mitra M, Das G. Optimization of process parameters for the synthesis of silica gel-WC nanocomposite by design of experiment. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2006.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Dey R, Pal KK, Bhatt DM, Chauhan SM. Growth promotion and yield enhancement of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) by application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Microbiol Res 2005; 159:371-94. [PMID: 15646384 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2004.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been reported to influence plant growth, yield and nutrient uptake by an array of mechanisms, the specific traits by which PGPR promote plant growth, yield and nutrient uptake were limited to the expression of one or more of the traits expressed at a given environment of plant-microbe interaction. We selected nine different isolates of PGPR from a pool of 233 rhizobacterial isolates obtained from the peanut rhizosphere on the basis of ACC-deaminase activity. The nine isolates were selected, initially, on the basis of germinating seed bioassay in which the root length of the seedling was enhanced significantly over the untreated control. All the nine isolates were identified as Pseudomonas spp. Four of these isolates, viz. PGPR1, PGPR2, PGPR4 and PGPR7 (all fluorescent pseudomonads), were the best in producing siderophore and indole acetic acid (IAA). In addition to IAA and siderophore-producing attributes, Pseudomonas fluorescens PGPR1 also possessed the characters like tri-calcium phosphate solubilization, ammonification and inhibited Aspergillus niger and A. flavus in vitro. P. fluorescens PGPR2 differed from PGPR1 in the sense that it did not show ammonification. In addition to the traits exhibited by PGPR1, PGPR4 showed strong in vitro inhibition to Sclerotium rolfsii. The performances of these selected plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial isolates were repeatedly evaluated for 3 years in pot and field trials. Seed inoculation of these three isolates, viz. PGPR1, PGPR2 and PGPR4, resulted in a significantly higher pod yield than the control, in pots, during rainy and post-rainy seasons. The contents of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil, shoot and kernel were also enhanced significantly in treatments inoculated with these rhizobacterial isolates in pots during both the seasons. In the field trials, however, there was wide variation in the performance of the PGPR isolates in enhancing the growth and yield of peanut in different years. Plant growth-promoting fluorescent pseudomonad isolates, viz. PGPR1, PGPR2 and PGPR4, significantly enhanced pod yield (23-26%, 24-28% and 18-24%, respectively), haulm yield and nodule dry weight over the control in 3 years. Other attributes like root length, pod number, 100-kernel mass, shelling out-turn and nodule number were also enhanced. Seed bacterization with plant growth-promoting P. fluorescens isolates, viz. PGPR1, PGPR2 and PGPR4, suppressed the soil-borne fungal diseases like collar rot of peanut caused by A. niger and PGPR4 also suppressed stem rot caused by S. rolfsii. Studies on the growth patterns of PGPR isolates utilizing the seed leachate as the sole source of C and N indicated that PGPR4 isolate was the best in utilizing the seed leachate of peanut, cultivar JL24. Studies on the rhizosphere competence of the PGPR isolates, evaluated on the basis of spontaneous rifampicin resistance, indicated that PGPR7 was the best rhizoplane colonizer and PGPR1 was the best rhizosphere colonizer. Although the presence of growth-promoting traits in vitro does not guarantee that an isolate will be plant growth promoting in nature, results suggested that besides ACC-deaminase activity of the PGPR isolates, expression of one or more of the traits like suppression of phytopathogens, solubilization of tri-calcium phosphate, production of siderophore and/or nodulation promotion might have contributed to the enhancement of growth, yield and nutrient uptake of peanut.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dey
- National Research Centre for Groundnut, Junagadh-362 001, Gujarat, India.
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Dey R, Bhattacharya S, Maitra SK, Banerji TK. The morpho-anatomy and histology of the pineal complex in a major Indian carp, Catla catla: identification of the pineal photoreceptor cells and their responsiveness to constant light and constant darkness during different phases of the annual reproductive cycle. Endocr Res 2003; 29:429-43. [PMID: 14682472 DOI: 10.1081/erc-120026949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to mammals in which the pineal gland is a discrete structure situated dorsally in the brain, the "pineal gland" in teleost fishes is composed of a number of separate but connected constituent parts, collectively described as the "pineal complex." In this paper, we have described the pineal complex in a common Indian carp, Catla catla, which exhibits an annual reproductive cycle. Attempts have been made to (a) provide an in-depth description of the structure of the pineal complex; and (b) identify the photoreceptor cells of the pineal, by exposing the animals to constant light (LL) and constant darkness (DD). Furthermore, we examined any possible influence of the reproductive status of the fish on the responsiveness of the pineal photoreceptor cells in C. catla following exposure to LL and DD. To this end, a total of four experiments were carried out during the four different phases of the annual reproductive cycle that is characteristic of this species. Each of these four experiments was carried out for a period of 30 days after which the fishes were sacrificed, different parts of the pineal complex were dissected out, and processed for histological and karyometric studies. Our results showed that the pineal complex in this species is composed of three separate but connected parts, (a) an end vesicle (EV); (b) a dorsal sac (DS); and (c) a long and thin pineal stalk (PS) that attaches the EV to the DS. Detailed karyometric and histo-morphologic studies following exposure of the animals to DD and LL showed that constant darkness led to a stimulatory effect on the pineal photoreceptor cells of the EV as evident from a significant increase in the nuclear diameter. In contrast, the nuclear diameter of the photoreceptor cells in animals subjected to constant light showed a significant reduction. Furthermore, the observed cellular changes in the EV of fish exposed either to LL or DD were independent of the stage of the gonadal cycle. The apparent lack of any cellular responses either in the PS, or in the DS, following exposure to LL and DD, suggests that in C. catla the photoreceptor cells are located only within the epithelial lining of the EV and that these cells respond in a manner similar to mammalian pinealocytes when subjected to comparable photoperiod-induced experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dey
- Department of Zoology, Visva Bharati University, Santiniketan, India
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Bhattacharya S, Dey R, Basu A, Maitra SK, Banerji TK. The structure of the pineal complex in a common Indian teleost, Catla catla: evidence for pineal-induced inhibition of testicular function within an annual reproductive cycle. Endocr Res 2003; 29:141-56. [PMID: 12856801 DOI: 10.1081/erc-120022295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The structure of the pineal complex and the annual reproductive cycle in a major Indian carp, Catla catla, were investigated in the present study. Additionally, given the well-known inhibitory effects of the pineal on reproductive function in mammals, attempts were made to investigate whether or not the pineal exerts an inhibitory influence on reproductive function in this piscine species as well. Sexually adult animals were utilized in all experiments. The cytomorphology of the pineal complex and a number of parameters for testicular function--such as testicular cytology, serum testosterone levels, and testicular activities of two steroidogenic enzymes, 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17beta-HSD) and delta5-3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (delta5-3beta-HSD) were examined over a period of two years. Our studies showed that the pineal complex in this species consists of three separate but distinctly connected components: (a) an end vesicle (EV); (b) a long pineal stalk (PS); and (c) a dorsal sac (DS). Of these, the epithelial lining of the EV consists of cells that have rounded vesicular nuclei and long apical cytoplasmic processes that reach the lumen, features suggestive of photoreceptor cells. The cells of the PS have some similarity with those of the EV, while DS cells appear columnar and ciliated. With regard to gonadal activity, germ cell profiles revealed that this species has four distinct phases during the annual reproductive cycle: (a) preparatory (January-April); (b) pre-spawning (May-June); (c) spawning (July); and (d) post-spawning (August-December). During the spawning phase (July), seminiferous tubular diameter, percentage of late spermatids within seminiferous tubules, and serum testosterone levels showed the highest values compared to those obtained in most of the other phases of the reproductive cycle. Also in July, along with peak serum testosterone levels, the activities of 17beta-HSD and delta5-3beta-HSD were at their highest levels. In a correlation between the pineal cytology and testicular functional status, it was noted that both the nuclear diameter and the apical cytoplasmic projections of the EV photoreceptor cells showed a significant reduction, thus suggesting a reduced synthetic activity, during the month of July, the spawning phase of the reproductive cycle. In contrast, the same features of the EV cells during the other phases of the reproductive cycle showed an increased cellular and metabolic activity--a time when the gonads were less active and in a quiescent stage. These data suggest an inhibitory role of the pineal on gonadal function and thus provide additional credence to the concept that, as in higher mammals, there exists an inverse relationship between the pineal activity and gonadal function in teleost fishes as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bhattacharya
- Department of Zoology, University of Burdwan, Burdwan, India
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Dey R, Ferguson C, Kenny SE, Shankar KR, Coldicutt P, Baillie CT, Lamont GL, Lloyd DA, Losty PD, Turnock RR. After the honeymoon--medium-term outcome of antegrade continence enema procedure. J Pediatr Surg 2003; 38:65-8; discussion 65-8. [PMID: 12592621 DOI: 10.1053/jpsu.2003.50012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine medium-term outcomes of the antegrade continence enema (ACE) procedure. METHODS A retrospective casenote review plus telephone questionnaire was conducted. The study was performed at a regional paediatric surgical centre. The subjects were consecutive children undergoing the ACE procedure over a 5 year period. Main outcome measures were use of the ACE; reversal rates; complications, ease of use, effectiveness, and satisfaction scores. Data are expressed as median (range). RESULTS Thirty-two (52%) of 62 children undergoing the ACE procedure were girls. The age at the time of operation was 11.5 (3.8 to 17.6) years. Underlying diagnoses included spina bifida (n = 31), anorectal malformations (n = 15), slow-transit constipation (n = 9), Hirschsprung's disease (n = 2), sacral agenesis (n = 2), and trauma/tumour (n = 2). Median follow-up was 5.4 (3.25 to 8.25) years. Eleven of 62 (18%) children were no longer using the ACE (n = 5) or had it surgically reversed (n = 6; 14.1 +/- 9.3 months postprocedure). Reasons for disuse/reversal were lack of effectiveness (n = 4), complications (n = 2), noncompliance (n = 3), independent continence (n = 1), and pain (n = 1). Five (8%) children currently have a colostomy. Gender (P =.31; Fisher's Exact), age (Pearson), and underlying diagnoses (P =.07, Chi2) were not predictors of failure. Overall, stomal stenosis was the most common complication, affecting 26 of 62 (41%) children. Of 32 questionnaire respondents to linear scores, ease of use was rated as 2 (0 to 8, 0, very easy; 10, very difficult), discomfort on use as 3 (0 to 9; 0, no pain; 10, very painful), overall satisfaction as 9 (0 to 10; 0, completely dissatisfied; 10, completely satisfied). Eighty-four percent were completely continent or had soiling less than once a month. There was a significant correlation between the level of continence and satisfaction with the procedure (P =.04; Pearson). CONCLUSIONS The ACE procedure offers significant benefits to some children with incontinence or intractable constipation. However, it is not universally successful, and other continence promoting strategies may need to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dey
- Alder Hey Children's Hospital and University of Liverpool, Liverpool, England
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Benelli C, Fouque F, Redonnet-Vernhet I, Malgat M, Fontan D, Marsac C, Dey R. A novel Y243S mutation in the pyruvate dehydrogenase El alpha gene subunit: correlation with thiamine pyrophosphate interaction. J Inherit Metab Dis 2002; 25:325-7. [PMID: 12227466 DOI: 10.1023/a:1016570828778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We identified a new Y243S mutation in the X-linked E1 alpha-PDH gene in a patient with pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHc) deficiency. The activity in cultured fibroblasts was very low even in the presence of high thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) concentrations, indicating that the defect could be due to decreased affinity of PDHc for TPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Benelli
- INSERM U530, Hĵpital Necker, Paris, France
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Pal KK, Tilak KV, Saxena AK, Dey R, Singh CS. Suppression of maize root diseases caused by Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium moniliforme and Fusarium graminearum by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. Microbiol Res 2002; 156:209-23. [PMID: 11716210 DOI: 10.1078/0944-5013-00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A plant growth-promoting isolate of a fluorescent Pseudomonas sp. EM85 and two bacilli isolates MR-11(2) and MRF, isolated from maize rhizosphere, were found strongly antagonistic to Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium graminearum and Macrophomina phaseolina, causal agents of foot rots and wilting, collar rots/stalk rots and root rots and wilting, and charcoal rots of maize, respectively. Pseudomonas sp. EM85 produced antifungal antibiotics (Afa+), siderophore (Sid+), HCN (HCN+) and fluorescent pigments (Flu+) besides exhibiting plant growth promoting traits like nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, and production of organic acids and IAA. While MR-11(2) produced siderophore (Sid+), antibiotics (Afa+) and antifungal volatiles (Afv+), MRF exhibited the production of antifungal antibiotics (Afa+) and siderophores (Sid+). Bacillus spp. MRF was also found to produce organic acids and IAA, solubilized tri-calcium phosphate and fixed nitrogen from the atmosphere. All three isolates suppressed the diseases caused by Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium graminearum and Macrophomina phaseolina in vitro. A Tn5:: lacZ induced isogenic mutant of the fluorescent Pseudomonas EM85, M23, along with the two bacilli were evaluated for in situ disease suppression of maize. Results indicated that combined application of the two bacilli significantly (P = 0.05) reduced the Macrophomina-induced charcoal rots of maize by 56.04%. Treatments with the MRF isolate of Bacillus spp. and Tn5:: lacZ mutant (M23) of fluorescent Pseudomonas sp. EM85 significantly reduced collar rots, root and foot rots, and wilting of maize caused by Fusarium moniliforme and F. graminearum (P = 0.05) compared to all other treatments. All these isolates were found very efficient in colonizing the rhizotic zones of maize after inoculation. Evaluation of the population dynamics of the fluorescent Pseudomonas sp. EM85 using the Tn5:: lacZ marker and of the Bacillus spp. MRF and MR-11(2) using an antibiotic resistance marker revealed that all the three isolates could proliferate successfully in the rhizosphere, rhizoplane and endorhizosphere of maize, both at 30 and 60 days after seeding. Four antifungal compounds from fluorescent Pseudomonas sp. EM85, one from Bacillus sp. MR-11(2) and three from Bacillus sp. MRF were isolated, purified and tested in vitro and in thin layer chromatography bioassays. All these compounds inhibited R. solani, M. phaseolina, F. moniliforme, F. graminearum and F. solani strongly. Results indicated that antifungal antibiotics and/or fluorescent pigment of fluorescent Pseudomonas sp. EM85, and antifungal antibiotics of the bacilli along with the successful colonization of all the isolates might be involved in the biological suppression of the maize root diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Pal
- Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Moraes
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
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