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Dhakal B, Bogati K, Baniya S, Muhammad QUA, Pathak BD, Pokharel R, Adhikari S, Upadhaya Regmi B, Subedi RC, Pant P, Paudel R. Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, a disabling disorder with a good prognosis: a case series from Nepal. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:252-256. [PMID: 38222755 PMCID: PMC10783345 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) is a rare spinal cord disorder with variable etiologies and presentations. It can present solely or as an association with other neurological disorders. Methodology It was a series of cases of LETM in a tertiary care hospital. Clinical presentation and outcomes The initial three cases presented with bilateral lower extremity weakness and were diagnosed as transverse myelitis while, the fourth case, already diagnosed as LETM presented with seizure followed by loss of consciousness. All four cases had a good prognosis to date with continued physiotherapy. Conclusion The early diagnosis of the disease helps to guide the optimal management and decide the potential need for physiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rojina Pokharel
- Manmohan Cardiothoracic and Vascular Transplant Center, Kathmandu
| | | | | | | | | | - Raju Paudel
- Shree Birendra Hospital, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences
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Almalawi D, Lopatin S, Edwards PR, Xin B, Subedi RC, Najmi MA, Alreshidi F, Genovese A, Iida D, Wehbe N, Ooi BS, Ohkawa K, Martin RW, Roqan IS. Simultaneous Growth Strategy of High-Optical-Efficiency GaN NWs on a Wide Range of Substrates by Pulsed Laser Deposition. ACS Omega 2023; 8:46804-46815. [PMID: 38107938 PMCID: PMC10720009 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Here, we explore a catalyst-free single-step growth strategy that results in high-quality self-assembled single-crystal vertical GaN nanowires (NWs) grown on a wide range of common and novel substrates (including GaN, Ga2O3, and monolayer two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD)) within the same chamber and thus under identical conditions by pulsed laser deposition. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy (HR-STEM) and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction measurements confirm the single-crystalline nature of the obtained NWs, whereas advanced optical and cathodoluminescence measurements provide evidence of their high optical quality. Further analyses reveal that the growth is initiated by an in situ polycrystalline layer formed between the NWs and substrates during growth, while as its thickness increases, the growth mode transforms into single-crystalline NW nucleation. HR-STEM and corresponding energy-dispersive X-ray compositional analyses indicate possible growth mechanisms. All samples exhibit strong band edge UV emission (with a negligible defect band) dominated by radiative recombination with a high optical efficiency (∼65%). As all NWs have similar structural and optical qualities irrespective of the substrate used, this strategy will open new horizons for developing III-nitride-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaifallah Almalawi
- Physical
Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah
University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Physics, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sergei Lopatin
- Imaging
and Characterization Core Laboratory, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Paul R. Edwards
- Department
of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, United Kingdom
| | - Bin Xin
- Physical
Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah
University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ram C. Subedi
- Photonics
Laboratory, Division of Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences
and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Najmi
- Division
of Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Alreshidi
- Physical
Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah
University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alessandro Genovese
- Imaging
and Characterization Core Laboratory, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daisuke Iida
- Division
of Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nimer Wehbe
- Imaging
and Characterization Core Laboratory, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Boon S. Ooi
- Photonics
Laboratory, Division of Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences
and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kazuhiro Ohkawa
- Division
of Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Robert W. Martin
- Department
of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, United Kingdom
| | - Iman S. Roqan
- Physical
Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah
University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
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Subedi RC, Paudel R, Paudel S, Thapa L, Phuyal S, kharbuja N, Adhikari A. Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes syndrome: a case report from Nepal. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:3026-3030. [PMID: 37363571 PMCID: PMC10289576 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000000712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like syndrome (MELAS) is a rare neurodegenerative inherited disorder that is characterized by stroke-like episodes, seizures, endocrine, and multiple system involvement. It is important to consider it as a differential diagnosis in a young patient with stroke-like episodes as it is progressive and has multiple complications. Case presentation A 28-year-old male presented with slurring of speech and drowsiness for 7 h. He was a diagnosed case of type 2 diabetes mellitus, Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome, and bilateral hearing loss. Clinical findings and investigations The patient had expressive aphasia with impaired fluency, repetition, and naming. After being discharged, he represented with loss of consciousness and involuntary movements of the whole body. MRI and MRS showed extension of hyperintense lesions to parieto-occipital regions from temporal regions not limited by vascular territories. MELAS was considered, which was confirmed by molecular genetic analysis. Coenzyme Q10 was used for MELAS. Insulin, Linagliptin, and levetiracetam were used for diabetes and seizures. Regular follow-up was advised to the patient.MELAS is an important syndrome to consider in any young patient presenting with unexplained stroke disorders. A high index of suspicion is needed in an appropriate clinical setting to avoid misdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram C. Subedi
- Department of Neurology, Grande International Hospital
| | - Raju Paudel
- Department of Neurology, Grande International Hospital
| | - Sharma Paudel
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Neurological and Allied Sciences
| | - Lekhjung Thapa
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Neurological and Allied Sciences
| | - Subash Phuyal
- Department of Neurology, Grande International Hospital
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Regmi BU, Pathak BD, Subedi RC, Dhakal B, Sapkota S, Joshi S, Poudel U, Poudel R. Neuro-cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent individual with radiologically atypical findings: a case report and review of literature. Oxf Med Case Reports 2023; 2023:omad016. [PMID: 36993829 PMCID: PMC10041956 DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omad016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a case of a 29-year-old immunocompetent female without any known comorbidities with intermittent headache and vomiting who was ultimately diagnosed with cryptococcal meningitis (CM). Though her neuroimaging findings were atypical to those commonly found in CM, she was diagnosed with CM with a cryptococcal antigen test. However, in contrast to the good prognosis as stated in the literature, she died during her course stay at the hospital. Therefore, cryptococcosis should be taken as differentials, even in an immunocompetent individual presenting with features suggestive of meningitis, to prevent the worst clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binit U Regmi
- Department of Neurology, Jibjibe Primary Health Care Center, Rasuwa, Nepal
| | - Bishnu D Pathak
- Department of Neurology, Jibjibe Primary Health Care Center, Rasuwa, Nepal
| | - Ram C Subedi
- Department of Neurology, Grande International Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Bishal Dhakal
- Correspondence address. Nepalese Army Institute of Health and Sciences, 44600 Kathmandu, Nepal. Tel: +977 9846491651; E-mail: ; Orcid: 0000-0001-9432-5233
| | - Suhail Sapkota
- Department of Neurology, Nepalese Army Institute of Health and Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Sushil Joshi
- Department of Neurology, Dodhara Primary Health Care Center, Mahendranagar, Nepal
| | - Ujjawal Poudel
- Department of Neurology, Jibjibe Primary Health Care Center, Rasuwa, Nepal
| | - Raju Poudel
- Department of Neurology, Nepalese Army Institute of Health and Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Abstract
ABSTRACTSickle cell diseases are inherited hematological diseases, prevalent in certain parts of the world. We reporttwo cases of sickle cell diseases, first being sickle cell b-thalassaemia and second homozygous sickle celldisease (SS). Our first case was 5 year old boy presenting with hemolytic anaemia & hepatosplenomegalyhaving sickle cell b-thalassaemia disease . Second case was 17 years female presenting with hemolyticanaemia & joint pain having homozygous sickle cell disease.Key Words: Homozygous sickle cell disease, sickle cell b - thalassaemia, hemoglobin electrophoresis.
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