1
|
Karki D, Pant P, Paudel S, Kumar Sah S, Regmi S, Bhandari S. Paediatric Moyamoya disease: acute presentation with fever and confusion in an 8-year-old: a case report. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:1748-1752. [PMID: 38463070 PMCID: PMC10923362 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction and importance Moyamoya is a chronic vaso-occlusive cerebrovascular disorder which involves internal carotid artery and its proximal branches, forming compensatory Moyamoya vessels. It may manifest with diverse symptoms, but early detection is crucial for a favourable prognosis. Case presentation The authors present a case of an 8-year-old child who presented to the emergency with acute onset fever and confusion in speech. Although the symptoms were vague, she was advised for a thorough investigation. MRI of the brain revealed an infarct on the brain that raised suspicion of a vaso-occlussive disorder. Subsequent magnetic resonance angiography and digital subtraction angiography revealed underlying Moyamoya disease. Clinical discussion Although the initial diagnosis of Moyamoya disease can be challenging, prompt diagnosis and simple medical measures like single antiplatelet regimens are useful for secondary ischaemic prevention. Conclusion This case highlights the essence of considering Moyamoya disease as one of the differentials while dealing with children presenting with subtle cerebrovascular symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Karki
- Upendra Devkota Memorial National Institute of Neurological and Allied Sciences
| | - Prashant Pant
- Department of Internal Medicine, Star Hospital, Lalitpur
| | - Sandip Paudel
- College of Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu
| | - Sumit Kumar Sah
- College of Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu
| | - Samiksha Regmi
- College of Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu
| | - Sanjeev Bhandari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Karnali Province Hospital, Birendranagar, Nepal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Thapaliya S, Pant P, Paudel S, Ghimire S. Diagnosis of systemic sarcoidosis in a patient with bilateral granulomatous pan-uveitis: a case report. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:607-611. [PMID: 38222700 PMCID: PMC10783219 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction and importance Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease usually presenting with features of hilar lymphadenopathy like persistent cough, dyspnoea, cough, night sweats. However, its first and only manifestation can be ocular symptoms consistent with uveitis. Case presentation The authors present such association in a 53-year-old female who had ocular symptoms on and off, designated as uveitis. Despite medications, her symptoms rather flared up. On diagnostic assesement done years later, chest X-ray showed bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, serum angiotensin-converting enzyme levels were also raised, and the diagnosis of systemic sarcoidosis was confirmed. Clinical discussion Eye involvement can occur way before the systemic presence of the disease is detected and can be present clinically as an isolated entity which makes diagnosis of underlying sarcoidosis a challenge. Conclusion Consideringsarcoidosis as one of the differential diagnosis when attending patients with non-resolving uveitis remains the mainstay of this report.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Prashant Pant
- Department of Internal Medicine, Star Hospital, Sanepa, Lalitpur
| | - Sandip Paudel
- College of Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Science
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dhakal B, Bogati K, Baniya S, Muhammad QUA, Pathak BD, Pokharel R, Adhikari S, Upadhaya Regmi B, Subedi RC, Pant P, Paudel R. Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, a disabling disorder with a good prognosis: a case series from Nepal. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:252-256. [PMID: 38222755 PMCID: PMC10783345 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) is a rare spinal cord disorder with variable etiologies and presentations. It can present solely or as an association with other neurological disorders. Methodology It was a series of cases of LETM in a tertiary care hospital. Clinical presentation and outcomes The initial three cases presented with bilateral lower extremity weakness and were diagnosed as transverse myelitis while, the fourth case, already diagnosed as LETM presented with seizure followed by loss of consciousness. All four cases had a good prognosis to date with continued physiotherapy. Conclusion The early diagnosis of the disease helps to guide the optimal management and decide the potential need for physiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rojina Pokharel
- Manmohan Cardiothoracic and Vascular Transplant Center, Kathmandu
| | | | | | | | | | - Raju Paudel
- Shree Birendra Hospital, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Adhikari K, Pant P, Bhandari S, Paudel S, Poudyal B, Sharma L, Sigdel KR, Subedi R. Dermatomyositis with positive anti-TIF1 gamma antibodies in an adult female: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e8215. [PMID: 38028105 PMCID: PMC10660285 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.8215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dermatomyositis is an uncommon autoimmune disease with only few cases reported from Nepal. Presence of anti TIF-1 gamma antibodies in DM are the strongest predictor of malignancy. Timely screening of malignancies for early detection and management remains the mainstay of this report.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Prashant Pant
- Department of Internal MedicineStar HospitalLalitpurNepal
| | - Sanjeev Bhandari
- Department of Internal MedicineKarnali Province HospitalBirendranagarNepal
| | - Sandip Paudel
- College of MedicineNepalese Army Institute of Health SciencesKathmanduNepal
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Karki D, Pant P, Shrestha A, Chhetri ST, Kadel I, Karna GP. Esophageal squamous carcinoma in a 25-year-old female, changing trend in epidemiology: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e8134. [PMID: 37915734 PMCID: PMC10616536 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.8134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Timely diagnosis, comprehensive assessment, and a multidisciplinary treatment approach are essential for young patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, even when conventional risk factors are absent. This report emphasizes the need for increased clinical awareness and improved patient outcomes in an evolving epidemiological landscape.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Prashant Pant
- Department of Internal MedicineStar HospitalLalitpurNepal
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Karki K, Pant P, Chhetri ST, Sah SK, Bogati K. Anesthetic challenges in difficult airway in a patient with maxillary carcinoma: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7837. [PMID: 37636884 PMCID: PMC10448121 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway management in patients with maxillary carcinoma presents unique challenges. To ensure safety, a tailored and collaborative approach is essential. This is a case where anesthetic plan of awake fiberoptic oral endotracheal intubation was chosen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamala Karki
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical CareFrontline HospitalKathmanduNepal
| | - Prashant Pant
- Department of Internal MedicineStar HospitalLalitpurNepal
| | | | | | - Kanchan Bogati
- Research DivisionPatan Academy of Health SciencesLalitpurNepal
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shrestha O, Basukala S, Thapa N, Karki S, Pant P, Paudel S. Endovenous laser ablation versus conventional surgery (ligation and stripping) for primary great saphenous varicose vein: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:4509-4519. [PMID: 37663729 PMCID: PMC10473384 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The great saphenous varicose vein was managed with high ligation and stripping conventionally, but with the development of minimally invasive surgical techniques like endovascular laser ablation (EVLA), they have become popular. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials aim to compare the short-term and long-term outcomes of these two modalities on headings like procedural time, technical success, recovery time, recurrences, cost-effectiveness, and complications. Materials and methods The protocol followed in this study was registered prospectively in the Registry of Systematic Reviews/Meta-analyses. Electronic databases were searched with appropriate search terms for relevant studies, and after their screening, data was extracted. The odds ratio was used for dichotomous data, and the mean difference or standardized mean difference was used for continuous variables. Results This study identified 18 publications (10 randomized controlled trials) with a total of 1936 patients. There was no difference in procedural time, recovery time, recurrences at 1, 2, and 5 years, or clinical severity score. The surgery group had 4.35 times higher statistically significant odds of being technically successful at 2 years, while pooling data on bruising, hematoma, sensory disturbance, infection, and phlebitis showed that the EVLA group was less likely to develop postoperative complications. Conclusion Technical failures were more common in the EVLA, whereas postoperative complications were more common in the surgery group. Both have comparable clinical effectiveness, and neither modality has clear superiority over the other. Parameters like cost-effectiveness must be assessed at the hospital level before choosing the right procedure for the patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sunil Basukala
- Department of Surgery, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu
| | | | | | - Prashant Pant
- Department of Medicine, Star Hospital, Sanepa, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sapkota D, Neupane S, Pant P, Shrestha O, Singh P, Sapkota D. Fahr's disease presenting as Parkinson's disease along with dysphagia and dysarthria: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7358. [PMID: 37220519 PMCID: PMC10199810 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Fahr's disease, a rare motor and neurocognitive condition, is characterized by idiopathic calcification of basal ganglia. This article presents such case of 61-year-old female, exhibiting movement, speech, and swallowing difficulties with multiple calcifications in brain in NCCT. Early and supportive management can lead to improved outcomes and prevent unnecessary interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Prashant Pant
- Department of Internal MedicineStar HospitalLalitpurNepal
| | - Oshan Shrestha
- College of MedicineNepalese Army Institute of Health SciencesKathmanduNepal
| | - Pragyat Singh
- College of MedicineNepalese Army Institute of Health SciencesKathmanduNepal
| | - Diwas Sapkota
- Department of RadiologyBharatpur HospitalChitwanNepal
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shrestha O, Thapa N, Karki S, Khanal P, Pant P, Neopane A. Spectrum of congenital heart disease in Nepal from 2002-2022: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1147. [PMID: 36925763 PMCID: PMC10011045 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Congenital heart diseases are recognized as public health concerns worldwide and Nepal is no exception. This study aims to study congenital heart disease in Nepal on grounds of burden, commonest type, common presentations, and associated noncardiac anomalies so that its spectrum can be known for prompt diagnosis and adoption of screening protocols. Methods Relevant articles were searched in electronic databases using appropriate search terms and Boolean operators. Data were extracted in Excel and analyzed in Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software. The proportion was used as an effect measure and a fixed or random-effect model was used as per the heterogeneity. Forest plots were used to give visual feedback. Results A total of nine studies were included in the qualitative and quantitative synthesis after a rigorous screening of imported studies. The prevalence of congenital heart disease was 0.7% (Proportion: 0.007; CI: 0.001-0.035; I2: 99.263%). The burden of atrial septal defect was 32.1%, ventricular septal defect was 31.1%, patent ductus arteriosus was 12.6% and Tetralogy of Fallot was 7.3%. The most common presentations were respiratory tract infection (54.7%), developmental delay (49.8%), difficulty in breathing (44.5%), failure to thrive (17.1%), and cyanosis (15.9%). Conclusions The prevalence of congenital heart disease in Nepal was 0.7% and the frequency of male patients was higher. The atrial septal defect was the commonest on the whole, while, Tetralogy of Fallot was the commonest among cyanotic variety. Respiratory tract infection was frequently seen at presentation and the most commonly associated noncardiac anomaly was the cleft palate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oshan Shrestha
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine Kathmandu Nepal
| | - Niranjan Thapa
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine Kathmandu Nepal
| | - Sagun Karki
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine Kathmandu Nepal
| | - Prechha Khanal
- Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Research Centre Pokhara Kaski Nepal
| | - Prashant Pant
- Department of Medicine Star Hospital Kathmandu Nepal
| | - Arun Neopane
- Department of Paediatrics Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences Kathmandu Nepal
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Thapa R, Pant P, Singh P, Karki S, Thapa K, Aryal S, Shrestha O. Post-Coronavirus disease syndrome (post-COVID-19) syndrome: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2022; 10:e6719. [PMID: 36545553 PMCID: PMC9764038 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.6719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-COVID syndrome, a cluster of symptoms that develops or persists even after the recovery from COVID-19 or viral clearance, can have multi-system manifestations. This entity should be considered in patients who recently tested positive for COVID-19 after ruling out other possible obvious causes. Its management should involve a multidisciplinary approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rukshar Thapa
- Medical Officer, Clinic Health Care CenterKathmanduNepal
| | - Prashant Pant
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care UnitKarnali Academy of Health SciencesJumlaNepal
| | | | - Sagun Karki
- College of MedicineNepalese Army Institute of Health SciencesKathmanduNepal
| | - Kriti Thapa
- Shree Birendra HospitalNepalese Army Institute of Health SciencesKathmanduNepal
| | - Saman Aryal
- Medical Researcher, Road Safety ResearchNepal Automobile AssociationKathmanduNepal
| | - Oshan Shrestha
- College of MedicineNepalese Army Institute of Health SciencesKathmanduNepal
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shrestha O, Karki S, Thapa N, Lal Shrestha K, Shah A, Dhakal P, Pant P, Dhungel S, Shrestha DB. Prevalence of migraine and tension‐type headache among undergraduate medical students of Kathmandu Valley: A cross‐sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e747. [PMID: 35949688 PMCID: PMC9358540 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Headache is the most prevalent neurological symptom which can be of a serious condition, as in brain tumor, but mostly it is a benign condition that includes primary headache such as migraine or tension‐type headache (TTH). Migraine reoccurs frequently and is more severe but owing to the high prevalence of TTH, however, impaired quality of life due to TTH is greater than that of migraine at the population level. Medical students are constantly subjected to stress and in such a condition, it was necessary to find out the burden of headache among medical students. This cross‐sectional study done among medical students aims to generate some data and literature which will change the outlook of stakeholders towards headache disorders among medical students. Methods This cross‐sectional study is based upon Headache Screening Questionnaire—English Version questionnaire based upon the ICHD‐3 beta criteria. Medical students of Kathmandu valley were sampled by using convenient sampling and data were collected. Data were refined in Microsoft Excel and imported to SPSS 20 for analysis. Results A total of 352 individuals were part of this study, out of which 229 (65.1%) were males and 123 (34.9%) were females with a mean age of 21.72 ± 1.601 years (mean ± SD). Prevalence of migraine and TTH was found to be 15.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 11.7%–19.3%) and 40.3% (95% CI: 34.9–45.2), respectively. Through multivariate binomial regression, it was observed that the odds of being diagnosed with migraine increased with age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.266 [1.013–1.583], p = 0.038), females had twice the odds of experiencing migraine headaches compared to males (AOR = 2.119 [1.074–4.180], p = 0.03), and medical students who stayed at the hostel were at lesser odds of experiencing migraine headache (AOR = 2.772 [1.501–5.118], p = 0.01). Conclusion Prevalence of migraine and TTH among undergraduate medical students was found to be 15.3% and 40.3%, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oshan Shrestha
- College of Medicine Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences Kathmandu Nepal
| | - Sagun Karki
- College of Medicine Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences Kathmandu Nepal
| | - Niranjan Thapa
- College of Medicine Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences Kathmandu Nepal
| | | | - Aayushama Shah
- College of Medicine Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences Kathmandu Nepal
| | - Pramita Dhakal
- College of Medicine Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences Kathmandu Nepal
| | - Prashant Pant
- Department of Critical Care Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Jumla Nepal
| | - Sunil Dhungel
- Department of Physiology Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences Kathmandu Nepal
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pant P, Shrestha O, Singh P, Paudyal V, Alam I, Rajput PS, Shrestha DB. Hansen’s disease masquerading as rheumatoid arthritis: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2022; 10:e05822. [PMID: 35592040 PMCID: PMC9097753 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.5822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hansen's disease, a chronic granulomatous disease, classically has cutaneous and neurological manifestations. Musculoskeletal manifestation of the disease is underappreciated. This case report conveys that musculoskeletal manifestation of the disease should not be missed, as sometimes it is the only presenting symptom, to avoid delay in correct diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Pant
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical CareKarnali Academy of Health SciencesJumlaNepal
| | - Oshan Shrestha
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health SciencesKathmanduNepal
| | - Pragyat Singh
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health SciencesKathmanduNepal
| | - Vivek Paudyal
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyKarnali Academy of Health SciencesJumlaNepal
| | - Istiyaque Alam
- Department of DermatologyKarnali Academy of Health SciencesJumlaNepal
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pant P, Shrestha O, Devkota N, Budhathoki P, Adhikari S, Shrestha DB. Rectus sheath hematoma secondary to acute exacerbation of COPD: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.5520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Pant
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Unit Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Jumla Nepal
| | - Oshan Shrestha
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences Kathmandu Nepal
| | - Nebula Devkota
- Department of Emergency Medicine Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Jumla Nepal
| | - Pawan Budhathoki
- Department of Emergency Medicine Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Jumla Nepal
| | - Sanjit Adhikari
- Department of General Surgery Karnali Academy of Health Sciences Jumla Nepal
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shrestha O, Pant P, Devkota N, Gurung D, Shrestha DB. Carbamazepine induced toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome overlapping during pregnancy in a South-East Asian patient: A case report. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 68:102616. [PMID: 34386220 PMCID: PMC8346553 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) are rare and severe forms of drug-induced skin reaction. Most frequently involved drugs are noted to be non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, antibiotics, and anticonvulsants. These have high morbidity and mortality and counts among dermatological emergencies. Case presentation We report an eventful case of a 22-year-old lady who suffered and recovered from carbamazepine-induced SJS/TEN overlapping during her pregnancy. Our patient had a history of epilepsy for which she was under sodium valproate. Switching to carbamazepine due to its low teratogenicity led our patient to this condition. History of prodromal symptoms and exposure to carbamazepine helped in the diagnosis. Carbamazepine abstinence and a multidisciplinary approach in symptomatic management worked very well for the patient. Clinical discussion Carbamazepine-induced TES/SJS manifests multisystem effects and requires a multidisciplinary approach for management. The condition itself is life-threatening and in its addition, their sequelae further threaten the life of the patients. Early intervention is the key. Genetically susceptible are thought to be the ones carrying human leukocyte antigen B*15:02 (HLA-B*15:02) allele and it is most prevalent in South-East Asian populations. Screening of this allele before using carbamazepine prevents the incidence of carbamazepine-induced SJS/TEN. Conclusion Prodromal symptoms of carbamazepine-induced SJS/TEN constitute flu-like symptoms that should not be missed. Early intervention and multidisciplinary approach prevent secondary infections and complications. Screening for HLA-B*15:02 variant allele and close monitoring of these adverse reactions along with proper counseling to patients goes a long way in preventing the development of this life-threatening condition. Carbamazepine-induced cutaneous reaction may present as Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) or toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). Carriers of the human leukocyte antigen B*1502 gene are susceptible to developing carbamazepine-induced SJS/TEN. Human leukocyte antigen B*1502 gene is most prevalent in South-East Asia. SJS/TEN affect multisystem and need a multidisciplinary approach in management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oshan Shrestha
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Corresponding author.
| | - Prashant Pant
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Unit, Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Jumla, Nepal
| | - Nebula Devkota
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Unit, Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Jumla, Nepal
| | - Dhiraj Gurung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Jumla, Nepal
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pant P, Joshi A. Risk Factors Associated with Ninety Day Readmission in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbation at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A retrospective cohort study. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2020; 18:372-375. [PMID: 34165094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation is a leading cause of frequent hospital admission. Globally, several studies have reported potential risk factors associated with COPD exacerbations which are largely unknown in Nepalese health care setting. Objective To identify the risk factors associated with hospital readmission within ninety days of discharge in acute COPD exacerbation. Method This is a hospital based retrospective cohort study conducted at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. COPD patients admitted in respiratory ward from August 2019 to November 2019 were followed up till 90 days after discharge. Logistic regression analysis was performed at 95% Confidence Interval (CI) to identify risk factors for readmission in COPD exacerbation. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0. Result Of total 86 patients hospitalized for COPD, 42 (48.8%) had at least one subsequent readmission during post-discharge follow-up period of 90 days. Mean age of patients was 70.55±10.98 years. There were 45 (52.3%) males. Logistic regression analysis revealed preadmission domiciliary oxygen use (Odds Ratio (OR) 2.93; 95% CI 1.195- 7.202; p=0.019), admission in intensive care unit (ICU) (OR 3.060; 95% CI 1.145- 8.179; p=0.026), previous hospital admission for COPD exacerbation (OR 3.230; 95% CI 1.219-8.556; p=0.018), age (OR 0.946; 95% CI 0.905-0.988; p=0.012) and duration of hospital stay (OR 0.901; 95% CI 0.819-0.992; p=0.034) were independently associated with ninety day readmission in COPD patients. Conclusion Five clinical factors were found to be independently associated with COPD readmission in this study. Large multi-centre study at various health care levels is recommended to validate the potential risk factors in different populations and health care settings in Nepal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Pant
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - A Joshi
- Department of General Practice and Emergency Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Narayan J, Bhaumik A, Sachan R, Haque A, Gupta S, Pant P. Direct conversion of carbon nanofibers and nanotubes into diamond nanofibers and the subsequent growth of large-sized diamonds. Nanoscale 2019; 11:2238-2248. [PMID: 30656311 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr08823c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report a pulsed laser annealing method to convert carbon fibers and nanotubes into diamond fibers at ambient temperature and pressure in air. The conversion of carbon nanofibers and nanotubes into diamond nanofibers involves melting in a super undercooled state using nanosecond laser pulses, and quenching rapidly to convert into phase-pure diamond. The conversion process occurs at ambient temperature and pressure, and can be carried out in air. The structure of diamond fibers has been confirmed by selected-area electron diffraction in transmission electron microscopy, electron-back-scatter-diffraction in high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, all showing characteristic diffraction lines for the diamond structure. The bonding characteristics were determined by Raman spectroscopy with a strong peak near 1332 cm-1, and high-resolution electron-energy-loss spectroscopy in transmission electron microscopy with a characteristic peak at 292 eV for σ* for sp3 bonding and the absence of π* for sp2 bonding. The Raman peak at 1332 cm-1 downshifts to 1321 cm-1 for diamond nanofibers due to the phonon confinement in nanodiamonds. These laser-treated carbon fibers with diamond seeds are used to grow larger diamond crystallites further by using standard hot-filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD). We compare these results with those obtained without laser treating the carbon fibers. The details of diamond conversion and HFCVD growth are presented in this paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Narayan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Centennial Campus, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7907, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gaire D, Sharma S, Poudel K, Pant P. Unresolving Pneumonia with Pleural effusion: Pulmonary Paragonimiasis. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2017; 56:268-270. [PMID: 28746328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Paragonimiasis is a zoonosis caused by many species of Paragonimus commonly P. westermani. Human get infected by eating raw, salted, pickled, smoked, partially cooked crustaceans (crayfish or crabs). Clinical manifestations ranges from non-specific symptoms like pain abdomen, diarrhea, urticarial rashes, fever to pleuropulmonary symptoms like cough, hemoptysis, chest pain and dyspnea. A 48 years, female presented at TUTH emergency with fever on and off for nine months, cough and shortness of breath for three months, lethargy, malaise and urticaria with history of raw crab intake one month prior to the onset of symptoms. Blood and pleural fluid analysis revealed raised total counts with eosinophilia and x-ray showed bilateral infiltration of lower lobes with pleural effusion. Diagnosis was confirmed by microscopic examination of sputum for Paragonimus. She responded well to Praziquantel. Pulmonary paragonimiasis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of unresolving pneumonia and unexplained hypereosinophilia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Gaire
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - S Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - K Poudel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - P Pant
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Prakash J, Pant P, Prakash S, Sivasankar M, Vohra R, Doley PK, Pandey LK, Singh U. Changing picture of acute kidney injury in pregnancy: Study of 259 cases over a period of 33 years. Indian J Nephrol 2016; 26:262-7. [PMID: 27512298 PMCID: PMC4964686 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.161018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in pregnancy is declining in developing countries but still remains a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study was to analyze the changing trends in pregnancy related AKI (PR-AKI) over a period of thirty-three years. Clinical characteristics of PR-AKI with respect to incidence, etiology and fetal and maternal outcomes were compared in three study periods, namely 1982-1991,1992-2002 and 2003-2014. The incidence of PR-AKI decreased to 10.4% in 1992-2002, from 15.2% in 1982-1991, with declining trend continuing in 2003-2014 (4.68%).Postabortal AKI decreased to 1.49% in 2003-2014 from 9.4% in 1982-1991of total AKI cases. The AKI related to puerperal sepsis increased to 1.56% of all AKI cases in 2003-2014 from 1.4% in 1982-1991. Preeclampsia/eclampsia associated AKI decreased from 3.5% of total AKI cases in 1982-1991 to 0.54% in 2003-2014. Pregnancy associated – thrombotic microangiopathy and acute fatty liver of pregnancy were uncommon causes of AKI. Hyperemesis gravidarum associated AKI was not observed in our study. Incidence of renal cortical necrosis (RCN) decreased to 1.4% in 2003-2014 from 17% in 1982-1991.Maternal mortality reduced to 5.79% from initial high value 20% in 1982-1991. The progression of PR-AKI to ESRD decreased to1.4% in 2003-2014 from 6.15% in 1982-1991. The incidence of PR-AKI has decreased over last three decades, mainly due to decrease in incidence of postabortal AKI. Puerperal sepsis and obstetric hemorrhage were the major causes of PR-AKI followed by preeclampsia in late pregnancy. Maternal mortality and incidence and severity of RCN have significantly decreased in PR-AKI. The progression to CKD and ESRD has decreased in women with AKI in pregnancy in recent decade. However, the perinatal mortality did not change throughout study period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Prakash
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P Pant
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S Prakash
- Department of Medicine, Topiwala National Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - M Sivasankar
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Vohra
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P K Doley
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - L K Pandey
- Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - U Singh
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abdullah T, Faiza M, Pant P, Rayyan Akhtar M, Pant P. An Analysis of Single Nucleotide Substitution in Genetic Codons - Probabilities and Outcomes. Bioinformation 2016; 12:98-104. [PMID: 28149042 PMCID: PMC5267951 DOI: 10.6026/97320630012098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Single nucleotide substitutions (SNS) in genetic codon are of prime importance due to their ability to alter an amino
acid sequence as a result. Given the nature of genetic code, any SNS is expected to change the protein sequence randomly into any
of the 64 possible codons. In this paper, we present a theoretical analysis of how single nucleotide substitutions in genetic codon
may affect resulting amino acid residue and what is the most likely amino acid that will get selected as a result. Methods: A
probability matrix was developed showing possible changes and routes likely being followed as a result of base substitution
mutation causing changes at the translational level for the amino acid being encoded. Results: We observe that in event of single
base pair substitution in a given amino acid; a chosen set of amino acids is theoretically more probable to be resulted suggesting a
directional rather than a random change. This study also indicates that for a given amino acid coded by a number of synonymous
codons, all synonymous codons will result into same list of amino acids in case of all possible SNS at three positions. Conclusion:
The present work has resulted into development of a theoretical probability matrix which can be used to predict changes in amino
acid residues in a protein sequence caused by single base substitutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Abdullah
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi , India
| | - Muniba Faiza
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi , India
| | - Prashant Pant
- Department of Botany,Dyal Singh College, University of Delhi, New Delhi - 110003, India
| | | | - Pratibha Pant
- Department of Botany, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Pulmonary azygous lobe is one of the common lung malformations. There is only few article about azygous lobe. Its a small accessory lobe sometimes found on the upper part of the right lung, separated from the rest of the upper lobe by a deep groove lodging the ayzygous vein. This reports decribes the presence of azygous lobe, a rare anatomical variant, encounted during chest x-ray discussion. We describe here the anatomical basis and the clinical significance of azygous lobe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Sieber
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pulmonology, Kreiskrankenhaus Wörth a. d. Donau, Germany
| | - N Karcara
- House Doctor, Kreiskrankenhaus Wörth a. d. Donau, Germany
| | - P Pant
- Department Fellow in Bronchoscopy and Allergiology, Kreiskrankenhaus Wörth a. d. Donau, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ghoshal U, Khanduja S, Pant P, Prasad KN, Dhole TN, Sharma RK, Ghoshal UC. Intestinal microsporidiosis in renal transplant recipients: Prevalence, predictors of occurrence and genetic characterization. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015; 33:357-63. [DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.158551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
22
|
Sen S, Mondal KB, Roy A, Kumar N, Pant P, Chatterjee A. Ritual scalp shaving-a risk factor for community acquired late onset neonatal sepsis. J Coll Med Sci-Nepal 2014. [DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v9i3.10221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neonatal sepsis is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality at the community and hospital levels in India. There are several community practices associated with and contributing to Neonatal sepsis, especially late onset variety.Objective To analyze whether scalp shaving is an independent risk factor associated with community acquired late onset neonatal sepsis and the causative organism responsible.Methods This was a prospective, non-interventional, observational study. The study was conducted at two tertiary teaching hospitals in Eastern India from 1st May 2010 to 30th April 2011. A total of 382 babies were diagnosed as Late Onset Neonatal Sepsis and 410 , age and sex matched controls were taken from the Well Baby and Immunization clinics. The patients were clinically screened for sepsis and "septic screen" and blood, urine and CSF cultures sent, as needed.Results History of scalp shaving was present in 46(12.04%) out of 382 cases of Late Onset Neonatal Sepsis as compared to 20(4.87%) of 410 matched community controls, the difference was statistically significant (p<0.005). Positive blood cultures were obtained in 20(43.48%) out of 46 scalp shaven babies as compared to 118(35.11%) out of 336 non scalp shaven babies. The commonest organism in babies with scalp shaving was found to be methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA), whereas the most common organism in non scalp shaven babies was Klebsiella pnuemoniae.Conclusion Scalp shaving appears to be an independent variable associated with community acquired Late Onset Neonatal Sepsis.Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2013, Vol-9, No-3, 35-44
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Presbyopia is an important cause of avoidable visual disability. OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of near vision impairment and spectacle coverage among middle and older-aged adults in rural Nepal. MATERIALS AND METHODS The surveys was carried out among the people of age 35 and over in randomly-selected cluster samples in rural settings of Kaski district of western Nepal, Near visual acuity, with and without presenting near correction, was measured at 40 cm using a LogMAR near vision tumbling E chart under ambient indoor lighting. Subjects with uncorrected binocular distance vision of 20/40 or worse were refracted and those with near vision of 20/40 or worse tested with plus sphere to obtain the best-corrected binocular near visual acuity. RESULTS A total of 2,360 persons aged 35 years and over were enumerated and 2,156 (91.3%) were examined. The age- and gender-standardized prevalence of uncorrected near visual impairment (vision of 20/40 or worse) in study population was found to be 66.1 %. Near vision could not be corrected (>20/40) even after distance and near vision correction in 6.4 % . Using the multiple logistic regression models, uncorrected visual impairment was associated with an older age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.13, P less than 0.001) and a lower educational level (OR = 1.11, P = 0.01) was less associated with female gender (OR = 0.72, P = 0.038). Over 90 % of people with near visual impairment did not have spectacles. CONCLUSION The prevalence of presbyopia appears to be higher with an earlier onset and over 90 % of people in need of near correction do not have spectacles in this setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y D Sapkota
- Nepal Netra Jyoti Sangh, Tripureshwor, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Khatiwoda P, Kayastha SR, Khatiwada P, Giri A, Baral S, Bista D, Pant P. A fatal presentation of dermatomyositis. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2013; 10:78-82. [PMID: 23434970 DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v10i3.8027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Dermatomyositis (DM) is an autoimmune disease that mainly affects the skin, muscle, and lung. The pathogenesis of skin inflammation in DM is not well understood. We present a 40-year-old male who presented with four months history of generalized skin lesion, pain and weakness. He had elevated transaminases with detectable muscle weakness. This case highlights the need to consider dermatomyositis with skin lesion and weakness; and the use of aggressive immunosuppressive therapies due to its associated vasculopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Khatiwoda
- Media and Research Department, Richa Bajimaya Memorial Foundation
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Deave T, Towner E, Baset MK, Brussoni M, Pant P. CHILD INJURY PREVENTION AND THE UN CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD. Inj Prev 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040580b.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
26
|
Pokharel BR, Humagain S, Pant P, Gurung R, Koju R, Bedi TRS. Spectrum of diseases in a medical ward of a teaching hospital in a developing country. J Coll Med Sci-Nepal 2012. [DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v8i2.6831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Communicable and respiratory tract diseases especially chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases are the main reasons of admission in medical ward of low and middle income countries. This is different from the developed countries where non communicable diseases are the main reasons of hospital admission. In developing countries the data of hospital admission are still lacking. Therefore this study will help us to assess the common patterns of diseases admitted in a medical ward, the average length of hospital stay etc. The record of 1040 hospitalized patients in medical ward was analyzed for the period of six months from Jan 2010 to Jun 2010. Patient’s medical records were retrieved and data analysis was done to obtain age, sex, common diagnosis, the affected system and the duration of the hospital stay. The data was analyzed by using SPSSV 16. After reviewing the data the most common age of patients being admitted were between 46-65 years (31.5%) followed by more than 65 years (25%) between 26-45 years (21.28%) and less than 25 years (21.28%). Among the admitted patients females were more than the males except in neurolog ward. The most effected system was respiratory (31.73 %),and the most common diagnosis was Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (23.17%). The next common system involved was gastroenterology including liver (18.64%) ,genitourinary (12.01%), cardiovascular ( 11.34%), neurology (9.23%), endocrine (4.80%) hematology (2.30%). The cause for hospital admission by infection in different system was (30.08%) The average duration of hospital stay of the patients was less than 7 days. The respiratory diseases and the infectious disease are the most common disease in Nepal. The communicable diseases still hold a greater position, while non communicable diseases are main reasons for admission to the medical wards in developed countries. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal,2012,Vol-8,No-2, 7-11 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v8i2.6831
Collapse
|
27
|
Pokharel BR, Pant P, Gurung R, Koju R, Bedi TRS, Makaju R, Sanjel S. Study of clinical profile of megaloblastic anemia: An experience of six year at Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel. J Coll Med Sci-Nepal 2012. [DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v7i2.6679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Megaloblastic anemia is not uncommon, however varied of presentation makes difficult to come to conclusion. It’s more difficult when resources are limited. In this back ground clinical features of megaloblastic anemia are very important for diagnosis and treatment. It is a retrospective analysis of data from December 2003 to September 2009. During the period, bone marrow aspiration was done for analysis of cause and type of anemia.A total of 14 cases bone marrow findings was consistent with megaloblastic anemia. These reports were taken into consideration after pathologist impression. Serum Vitamin B12 and RBC folate were not done in view of limited resources and financial constrain. In the analysis 14 (11.96%) bone marrow findings were consistent with megaloblastic anemia. Regarding clinical presentation; pallor was 13 (92.85%) followed by glossitis 5 (35.71%) and Jaundice 5 (35.71%), paresthesia 3 (21.42%), and pigmentation, ataxia, confusion each case (7.14 %). Mostly the patients were between the 21- 40 years of age. Megloblastic anemia is common clinical problem with pallor and glossitis as major presentation. However some had neurological features. This disease can be diagnosed and treated on the basis of bone marrow aspiration when resources are limited.Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2011, Vol-7, No-2, 41-44DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v7i2.6679
Collapse
|
28
|
Khatiwada P, Kayastha SR, Pant P, Khanal KR, Giri A, Khatiwoda P, Mali A. Understanding of tobacco and lung cancer among medical students in Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS). Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2012; 10:60-5. [PMID: 23434965 DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v10i3.8022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Often, lung cancer is diagnosed at terminal stages. Poor awareness about the symptoms or risk factors of lung cancer among medics may be one of the factors for delayed diagnosis. OBJECTIVE We explored the knowledge of medical students and their behavior with the patients of lung cancer. METHOD Qualitative and quantitative approaches were used for data collection from 153 medical student of Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences from December 2011 to May 2012. RESULTS Among the results, eighty-nine students had over 80% knowledge of the 14 cancer warning signs, among them 83% knew the nine risk factors for lung cancer. Twenty-three students told lung cancer can be hereditary. Sixty five percent of all participants believed that lung cancer can be detected at early stage; of them 81% told that it can be treated. About 24% of the total students were current or exsmokers and about half of them believed that lung cancer does not occur in light smokers. Only 10% have heard of Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in Nepal. CONCLUSION Study finds that all medical students who know about any cancers may not necessarily have knowledge about lung cancers. Their perception about the cause of lung cancer may be influenced by their smoking behavior and there was little knowledge of public health measures for smoking control. Awareness about national policies needs to be increased.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Khatiwada
- Richa Bajimaya Memorial Foundation, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Singh-Pant P, Pant P, Mukherjee SK, Mazumdar-Leighton S. Spatial and temporal diversity of begomoviral complexes in papayas with leaf curl disease. Arch Virol 2012; 157:1217-32. [PMID: 22437254 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-012-1287-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Old World, monopartite begomoviruses associated with satellite DNA β were observed in papaya showing symptoms of leaf curl disease sampled randomly over five years from within a radius of 250 km in north-central India. Three groups of DNA A sequences were evident. One group resembled chili leaf curl virus infecting tomatoes (ChiLCuV). Another group resembled tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCuNDV). The third group was novel (tentatively named papaya leaf crumple virus, PaLCrV), with less than 89% identity to known begomovirus sequences in the GenBank database. At least seven DNA A sequences were putative recombinants. The AC4-encoding regions exhibited highest numbers of non-synonymous substitutions. Most DNA β sequences resembled tomato leaf curl virus-associated DNA βs. A few DNA β sequences were similar to that of croton yellow vein mosaic virus-associated DNA β (CroYVMVβ). One DNA β sequence was novel and showed <65% similarity to its counterparts. Mixed infections and sequence diversity among 25 cloned av1 genes indicated that papayas grown in plantations, kitchen gardens and feral patches in the region are vulnerable to disease outbreak. No geographic or temporal patterns were discernable in the distribution of these viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Singh-Pant
- Plant-Virus Interactions Group, Lab#15/18, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi 7, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kumar R, Naja M, Satheesh SK, Ojha N, Joshi H, Sarangi T, Pant P, Dumka UC, Hegde P, Venkataramani S. Influences of the springtime northern Indian biomass burning over the central Himalayas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd015509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
31
|
Singh R, Veenadhari B, Maurya AK, Cohen MB, Kumar S, Selvakumaran R, Pant P, Singh AK, Inan US. D-region ionosphere response to the total solar eclipse of 22 July 2009 deduced from ELF-VLF tweek observations in the Indian sector. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2011ja016641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Singh
- KSK Geomagnetic Research Laboratory; Indian Institute of Geomagnetism; Allahabad India
- Department of Electrical Engineering; Stanford University; Stanford California USA
| | | | | | - Morris B. Cohen
- Department of Electrical Engineering; Stanford University; Stanford California USA
| | - Sushil Kumar
- School of Engineering and Physics; University of the South Pacific; Suva Fiji
| | | | - P. Pant
- Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences; Nainital India
| | - Abhay K. Singh
- Physics Department; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi India
| | - Umran S. Inan
- Department of Electrical Engineering; Stanford University; Stanford California USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering; Koc University; Istanbul Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Studies in the Western literature show a linear relationship between degree of microalbuminuria and body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and duration of diabetes. This study was aimed to determine the correlation of microalbuminuria with age, sex, duration of diabetes, BMI, and creatinine clearance in type-2 diabetics in Indian population. One hundred patients (59 males and 41 females) with type-2 diabetes mellitus of duration six months or more and negative for albumin in urine by albustic method were included in the study. Detailed clinical history was taken followed by a thorough physical examination that included neurological examination in the selected patients. Micral test was used for estimation of microalbuminuria. Overall prevalence of microalbuminuria in the present study was 37%. Among the patients with microalbuminuria, 20 were males and 17 were females. Pearson correlation of microalbuminuria with age showed statistically significant linear relationship. Gender-wise correlation analysis of microalbuminuria failed to show any statistical significance. Correlation of microalbuminuria with BMI was also not significant (r = 0.063, P > 0.05). Creatinine clearance negatively correlated with microalbuminuria, but this was statistically insignificant. There was a statistically significant correlation of microalbuminuria with duration of diabetes. Prevalence of microalbuminuria is around 37% in type-2 diabetes mellitus. Incidence of microalbuminuria increases with age as well as with increased duration of diabetes mellitus. There is no effect of BMI and sex on the prevalence of microalbuminuria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N K Chowta
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gurung RB, Joshi G, Gautam N, Pant P, Pokhrel B, Koju R, Bedi TR. Upper gastro-intestinal bleeding: aetiology and demographic profile based on endoscopic examination at Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2011; 8:208-11. [PMID: 21209537 DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v8i2.3560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is defined as bleeding within the intraluminal gastrointestinal tract from any location between the upper oesophagus to the duodenum at the ligament of Treitz. It is one of the important medical emergencies worldwide. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to study the aetiology of upper gastrointestinal bleeding based on endoscopic examination findings in patients of various demographic characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective observational study. The endoscopic record book from 2007 January to 2009 October was reviewed for all the cases who underwent oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopic examination for upper GI bleeding. The clinico-epidemiological data of all the patients was reviewed and analyzed in concert with the aetiology of bleeding. RESULTS A total of 90 patients (58 males, 32 females; mean age 45.32+ 18.47 years) of upper gastrointestinal bleeding was studied and analyzed in terms of aetiology of bleeding and demographic profile. Among the ethnic groups, Aryan 46 (51%) was the most common ethnic group to have upper GI bleeding followed by Newars 24 (27%), Mongolians 16 (18%), Dalits 3 (3%) and others 1 (1%). Out of 90 patients, 47( 52.2%) cases was less than 45 years of age, 30(33.3%) of 46 to 65 age ; and 13(14.4 %) more than 65 years of age. Gastric ulcer 23(25.6%) was the most common endoscopic finding, followed by oesophageal varices 14 (15.6%), acute erosive/haemorrhagic gastropathy 11 (12.2%), duodenal ulcer 9(10%), growth 7(7.8%), vascular lesions 3(3.3%), Mallory-Weiss tear 1(1.1%), fundal varices 1(1.1%) and, no cause was identified in 21(23.3%) cases. The peptic ulcer bleeding was the most common finding in Aryan 22(47.9%), whereas oesophageal varices and growth were more common in Newar 7(29.2%) and 3 (12.5%) respectively. CONCLUSION Peptic ulcer disease is the most common cause of upper GI bleeding which was most commonly found in Aryan population; followed by oesophageal varices and growth as second and third most common causes and were more prevalent in Newar and Mongolian people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R B Gurung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University School of Medical Science.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Pant P, Allen M, Tansel B. Mercury contamination in the riparian zones along the East Fork Poplar Creek at Oak Ridge. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2011; 74:467-472. [PMID: 20965567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2010] [Revised: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/03/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Oak Ridge (Tennessee, USA) has a history of mercury (Hg) contamination in its aquatic and soil environment associated with past nuclear-weapons production activities at its Department of Energy (DOE) sites. Three different riparian zones along the Lower East Fork Poplar Creek were investigated in order to study Hg distribution and transformation in surface soils. The surface soil samples collected from these areas showed higher total Hg on an average (129.08 mg/kg) and higher total organic carbon (5.50%) in the upstream soils compared to the other two downstream locations that contained only 31.78 and 19.98 mg/kg total Hg and 2.88% and 1.65% of TOC on average, respectively. Further, methyl Hg concentrations were also comparatively higher in case of the upstream soils (30.10 μg/kg) than that of the downstream sites (5.69 and 4.05 μg/kg). The study showed a plume-like dispersion of Hg in the terrestrial environment along the creek, with decreasing Hg concentrations with distance from the Hg source zone. Also, the transformation of Hg in the soils was found to have been influenced by the soil TOC contents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Pant
- Applied Research Center, Florida International University, 10555 West Flagler Street, EC2100, Miami, FL 33174, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Pant P, Allen M, Tansel B. Mercury uptake and translocation in Impatiens walleriana plants grown in the contaminated soil from Oak Ridge. Int J Phytoremediation 2011; 13:168-176. [PMID: 21598784 DOI: 10.1080/15226510903567489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) contaminated soils from Oak Ridge, Tennessee were investigated for phytoavailability of mercury as measured by degree of Hg translocation in aboveground biomass of Impatiens walleriana plants grown in the soils. After 90 days of incubation, results revealed a higher concentration of total Hg in the leaves than in the flowers or the stems. Plants that were grown in the soils with higher Hg concentrations showed significantly higher Hg uptake and translocation in the aboveground plant-biomass, and the correlation with the initial soil-Hg was significant for the leaves and the stems in the plants that were tested. On an average, only 4.06 microg of Hg could be found in the above ground plant biomass of all the plants, compared to an average 3673.50 microg of initial total Hg concentrations in these soils. Statistical analysis revealed a greater affinity of Hg for the soil carbon, which supported the finding of this study on low soil Hg bioavailability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Pant
- Applied Research Center, Florida International University, 10555 West Flagler Street, EC2100, Miami, FL 33174, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Pant P, Sedhain A, D'Souza S, Renuka BG. Unusual site of metastasis of bronchogenic carcinoma. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2010; 8:420-422. [PMID: 22610773 DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v8i4.6243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis of bronchogenic carcinoma to the chest wall and axillary lymphnodes is a rare occurrence. This study reports the case of a patient presenting with chest wall swelling as initial symptom which on evaluation was found to be a lymphnode metastasis. The patient also had axillary lymphnode metastasis on the same side as the chest swelling with a contralateral pleural effusion. Here, we discuss the pathways and possible mechanisms of contra lateral axillary and chest wall lymphnode involvement without ispilateral nodal involvement in bronchogenic carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Pant
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dhulikhel Hospital - Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Nepal.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Upreti D, Regmi P, Pant P, Simkhada P. Young people's knowledge, attitude, and behaviour on STI/HIV/AIDS in the context of Nepal: a systematic review. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2010; 7:383-91. [PMID: 20502079 DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v7i4.2759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexual and reproductive health of young people has become a major health problem in recent decades. Recent and rapidly increasing Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) rates show an urgent need for Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and HIV prevention interventions in Nepal. OBJECTIVES This paper attempts to assess knowledge, attitude and behaviour on STIs/HIV/AIDS in the context of young peoples of Nepal. METHOD AND MATERIAL A systematic review based on the available literature was carried out including both qualitative and quantitative studies. RESULTS Our findings indicate that the overall knowledge regarding STIs and HIV/AIDS is high although the level of knowledge seems to differ according to education, gender, and area of residence. Knowledge about condoms was also very high but practice of correct and consistent use in premarital and extramarital sexual relations with non-regular partners seems to be lower. The overall sexual behaviour among young people is unsafe. CONCLUSION This suggests that young people's sexual and reproductive health issues need to be further addressed and explored in order to promote safer and responsible sexual behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Upreti
- Section of Population Health, University of Aberdeen, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Pant P, Hamal PK, Gurung D, Subedi K. Lipid Profile in a Tertiary Care Center. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2010. [DOI: 10.31729/jnma.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION:
Lipid profile is changing with changing developmental status and lifestyle in less developed countries and coronary artery disease risk factor is rising. The aim of the study is to find the lipid pattern in Department of Medicine in tertiary care hospital.
METHODS:
An observational prospective study was conducted in 408 subjects from January 2009 to February 2010. Study subjects were selected irrespective of co-morbid condition and coronary risk factors.
RESULTS:
The mean triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL, HDL were 138.3 +/- 78.3 mg/dl, 180.2 +/- 53.7 mg/dl, 113.8 +/- 41.2 mg/dl, 40.1 +/- 10.1 mg/dl respectively. The Triglycerides (>140 mg/dl), Cholesterol (>250 mg/dl), LDL (>92 mg/dl), HDL (<45mg/dl) were 35.5%, 7.6%, 67.9%, 76% respectively.
CONCLUSIONS:
Lipid profile is becoming atherogenic with high triglyceride, high LDL and low HDL being the most common abnormality. An epidemiological study is recommended to understand the true burden of the disease in the community.
KEYWORDS: atherogenic, cholestrol, coronary artery diseases, lipid profile, triglyceride.
Collapse
|
39
|
Pant P, Hamal PK, Gurung D, Upreti K, Subedi K. Lipid profile in a tertiary care center. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2010; 49:147-150. [PMID: 21485602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lipid profile is changing with changing developmental status and lifestyle in less developed countries and coronary artery disease risk factor is rising. The aim of the study is to find the lipid pattern in Department of Medicine in tertiary care hospital. METHODS An observational prospective study was conducted in 408 subjects from January 2009 to February 2010. Study subjects were selected irrespective of co-morbid condition and coronary risk factors. RESULTS The mean triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL, HDL were 138.3 +/- 78.3 mg/dl, 180.2 +/- 53.7 mg/dl, 113.8 +/- 41.2 mg/dl, 40.1 +/- 10.1 mg/dl respectively. The Triglycerides (>140 mg/dl), Cholesterol (>250 mg/dl), LDL (>92 mg/dl), HDL (<45mg/dl) were 35.5%, 7.6%, 67.9%, 76% respectively. CONCLUSIONS Lipid profile is becoming atherogenic with high triglyceride, high LDL and low HDL being the most common abnormality. An epidemiological study is recommended to understand the true burden of the disease in the community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Pant
- Department of Medicine, Kathmandu University Teaching Hospital, Dhulikhel, Nepal.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Pant P, Narayan J, Wushuer A, Manghnani MH. Comparative Raman and HRTEM study of nanostructured GaN nucleation layers and device layers on sapphire (0001). J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2008; 8:5985-5992. [PMID: 19198336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy in conjunction with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) has been used to study structural characteristics and strain distribution of the nanostructured GaN nucleation layer (NL) and the GaN device layer on (0001) sapphire substrates used for light-emitting diodes and lasers. Raman peaks corresponding to the cubic and the hexagonal phase of GaN are observed in the Raman spectrum from 15 nm and 45 nm NLs. A comparison of the peak intensities for the cubic and hexagonal phases of GaN in the NLs suggests that the cubic phase is dominant in the 15 nm NL and the hexagonal phase in the 45 nm NL. An increase in the density of stacking faults in the metastable cubic GaN (c-GaN) phase with increasing growth time lowers the system energy as well as locally converts c-GaN phase into hexagonal GaN (h-GaN). It also explains the observation of the more intense peaks of h-GaN in the 45 nm NL compared to c-GaN peaks. For the sample wherein an h-GaN device layer was grown at higher temperatures on the NL, narrow Raman peaks corresponding to only h-GaN were observed, confirming the high-quality of the films. The peak shift of the E2(H)(LO) mode of h-GaN in the NLs and the h-GaN film suggests the presence of a tensile stress in the NL which is attributed to defects such as stacking faults and twins, and a compressive stress in high-temperature grown h-GaN film which is attributed to the thermal-expansion mismatch between the film and the substrate. The peak shifts of the substrate also reveal that during the low temperature growth of the NL the substrate is under a compressive stress which is attributed to defects in the NL and during the high temperature growth of the device layer, there is a tensile strain in the substrate as expected from differences in coefficients of thermal expansion of the film and the substrate during the cooling cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Pant
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Centennial Campus, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7907, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Narayan J, Pant P, Wei W, Narayan RJ, Budai JD. Nanostructured GaN nucleation layer for light-emitting diodes. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2007; 7:2719-25. [PMID: 17685288 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2007.670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This paper addresses the formation of nanostructured gallium nitride nucleation (NL) or initial layer (IL), which is necessary to obtain a smooth surface morphology and reduce defects in h-GaN layers for light-emitting diodes and lasers. From detailed X-ray and HR-TEM studies, researchers determined that this layer consists of nanostructured grains with average grain size of 25 nm, which are separated by small-angle grain boundaries (with misorientation approximately 1 degrees), known as subgrain boundaries. Thus NL is considered to be single-crystal layer with mosaicity of about 1 degrees. These nc grains are mostly faulted cubic GaN (c-GaN) and a small fraction of unfaulted c-GaN. This unfaulted Zinc-blende c-GaN, which is considered a nonequilibrium phase, often appears as embedded or occluded within the faulted c-GaN. The NL layer contained in-plane tensile strain, presumably arising from defects due to island coalescence during Volmer-Weber growth. The 10L X-ray scans showed c-GaN fraction to be over 63% and the rest h-GaN. The NL layer grows epitaxially with the (0001) sapphire substrate by domain matching epitaxy, and this epitaxial relationship is remarkably maintained when c-GaN converts into h-GaN during high-temperature growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Narayan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, EB-1, Centennial Campus, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7907, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Pant P, Allen M. Interaction of soil and mercury as a function of soil organic carbon: some field evidence. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2007; 78:539-42. [PMID: 17618387 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-007-9186-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2007] [Accepted: 06/01/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Pant
- Applied Research Center, Florida International University, 10555 West Flagler Street, EC 2100, Miami, FL 33174, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
|
44
|
Pant P, Hegde P, Dumka UC, Sagar R, Satheesh SK, Moorthy KK, Saha A, Srivastava MK. Aerosol characteristics at a high-altitude location in central Himalayas: Optical properties and radiative forcing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
45
|
Srivastava MK, Singh S, Saha A, Dumka UC, Hegde P, Singh R, Pant P. Direct solar ultraviolet irradiance over Nainital, India, in the central Himalayas for clear-sky day conditions during December 2004. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
46
|
Sagar R, Kumar B, Dumka UC, Moorthy KK, Pant P. Characteristics of aerosol spectral optical depths over Manora Peak: A high-altitude station in the central Himalayas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ram Sagar
- State Observatory; Manora Peak; Nainital India
| | | | - U. C. Dumka
- State Observatory; Manora Peak; Nainital India
| | - K. Krishna Moorthy
- Space Physics Laboratory; Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre; Trivandrum India
| | - P. Pant
- State Observatory; Manora Peak; Nainital India
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Sharma P, Kumar A, Pant P, Prakash S. Presumptive artemether resistance in a patient with mixed malarial infection. J Assoc Physicians India 2003; 51:233. [PMID: 12725279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
|
48
|
Sagar R, Stalin CS, Pandey AK, Uddin W, Mohan V, Sanwal BB, Gupta SK, Yadav RK, Durgapal AK, Joshi S, Kumar B, Gupta AC, Joshi YC, Srivastava JB, Chaubey US, Singh M, Pant P, Gupta KG. Evaluation of Devasthal site for optical astronomical observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1051/aas:2000213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
49
|
Wu FY, Pant P, King C. New link invariant from the chiral Potts model. Phys Rev Lett 1994; 72:3937-3940. [PMID: 10056338 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.72.3937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|