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Fung YL, Alcantara RM, Cavalli LB, Chen JW, Chen YY, Donkin R, Kupatawintu P, Kwon SY, Lee CK, Nadarajan VS, Namjil E, Bat S, Odajima T, Sachdev S, Siswishanto R, Tadsomboon S, Sharma RR, Triyono T, Tsuno NH. Insights into the diversity of blood donation practice across Asia: How blood collection agencies adapt donor criteria and processes to their population. Vox Sang 2023; 118:1046-1060. [PMID: 37753662 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Securing an adequate blood supply relies on accurate knowledge of blood donors and donation practices. As published evidence on Asian populations is sparse, this study aims to gather up-to-date information on blood donors and donation practices in Asia to assist planning and strategy development. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten blood collection agencies (BCAs) provided 12 months' data on donors who met eligibility criteria or were deferred, as well as details of their donation practices. Body mass index and blood volumes were calculated and analysed. RESULTS Data on 9,599,613 donations and 154,834 deferrals from six national and four regional BCAs revealed varied donation eligibility and collection practices. Seven used haemoglobin (Hb) criteria below the World Health Organization anaemia threshold. Seven accepted donors weighing <50 kg. Data collection on the weight and height of donors and on deferrals was inconsistent, often not routine. Deferred donors appear to weigh less, with corresponding lower estimated blood volume. CONCLUSION The diversity in eligibility criteria and donation practices reflects each BCA's strategy for balancing donor health with securing an adequate blood supply. Use of lower Hb criteria substantiate their appropriateness in Asia and indicate the need to define Hb reference intervals relevant to each population. We encourage routine gathering of donor weight and height data to enable blood volume estimation and local optimization of donation volumes. Blood volume estimation formulae specific for the Asian phenotype is needed. Information from this study would be useful for tailoring donation criteria of Asian donors around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoke-Lin Fung
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | - Jen-Wei Chen
- Taiwan Blood Services Foundation, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Yuan Chen
- Taiwan Blood Services Foundation, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Rebecca Donkin
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia
| | - Pawinee Kupatawintu
- National Blood Centre, Thai Red Cross Society, Thai National Stem Cell Donor Registry (TSCDR), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - So-Yong Kwon
- Blood Safety Bureau, Blood Services Headquarters, Korean Red Cross, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheuk-Kwong Lee
- Hong Kong Red Cross Blood Transfusion Services, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Erdenebayar Namjil
- National Center for Transfusion Medicine, Ministry of Health, Mongolian Red Cross Society, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Solongo Bat
- National Center for Transfusion Medicine, Ministry of Health, Mongolian Red Cross Society, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Takeshi Odajima
- Japanese Red Cross, Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Suchet Sachdev
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Sahit Tadsomboon
- National Blood Centre, Thai Red Cross Society, Thai National Stem Cell Donor Registry (TSCDR), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ratti Ram Sharma
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Teguh Triyono
- Sardjito Hospital, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Young P, Crowder L, Steele W, Irving D, Pink J, Kutner JM, Yokoyama APH, Van Buren N, O'Sullivan NW, Sayers M, Alcantara RM, van den Hurk K, Wiersum-Osselton J, Shaz B. Frequency of rare, serious donor reactions: International perspective. Transfusion 2021; 61:1780-1788. [PMID: 33665853 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe blood donor adverse events are rare, but due to their rarity studying them can be difficult. To get an accurate estimate of their frequency and rate in the donor population it may be necessary to combine donation data across countries. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS International blood collection organizations (BCOs) provided data on rare/severe donor reactions as well as denominator information for their donor populations from 2015 to 2017. Donor reactions were classified using standardized definitions. RESULTS BCOs from six countries provided reaction data for more than 22 million donations. A total of 480 rare reactions were reported of which 76.7% were imputed as definite and 11% probable. Rates of rare reactions were higher in females and first-time donors. Systemic rare reactions were the most common reaction type, accounting for over three quarters of reactions reported. Of systemic reactions, vasovagal reactions with loss of consciousness and injury or off-site (n = 350) made up the majority and occurred 1.53 per 100,000 donations. For the 22.3% that were localized reactions, the majority of these were cellulitis (n = 71, 0.31 per 100,000 donations) followed by deep venous thrombosis (n = 21, 0.09 per 100,000 donations). CONCLUSION Pulling together data from multiple BCOs across countries allows for a better understanding of rare reactions, such as vasovagal reaction with injury or cellulitis, and for generating a reliable incidence rate for air embolism or compartment syndrome. However, gaps remain due to missing elements such as unknown donor status or location of reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pampee Young
- American Red Cross, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Lauren Crowder
- American Red Cross, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Whitney Steele
- American Red Cross, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - David Irving
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joanne Pink
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jose Mauro Kutner
- Cell Therapy and Hemotherapy Department, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Nancy Van Buren
- Memorial Blood Centers, New York Blood Center Enterprises, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Beth Shaz
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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