1
|
Sepich-Poore GD, McDonald D, Kopylova E, Guccione C, Zhu Q, Austin G, Carpenter C, Fraraccio S, Wandro S, Kosciolek T, Janssen S, Metcalf JL, Song SJ, Kanbar J, Miller-Montgomery S, Heaton R, Mckay R, Patel SP, Swafford AD, Korem T, Knight R. Correction: Robustness of cancer microbiome signals over a broad range of methodological variation. Oncogene 2024:10.1038/s41388-024-03018-z. [PMID: 38580705 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03018-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory D Sepich-Poore
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Micronoma, San Diego, CA, USA
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daniel McDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Evguenia Kopylova
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Clarity Genomics, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Caitlin Guccione
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Qiyun Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - George Austin
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carolina Carpenter
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Serena Fraraccio
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Micronoma, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Stephen Wandro
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Micronoma, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Tomasz Kosciolek
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Stefan Janssen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Algorithmic Bioinformatics, Department of Biology and Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - Jessica L Metcalf
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Se Jin Song
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jad Kanbar
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sandrine Miller-Montgomery
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Micronoma, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Robert Heaton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rana Mckay
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sandip Pravin Patel
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Austin D Swafford
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tal Korem
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sepich-Poore GD, McDonald D, Kopylova E, Guccione C, Zhu Q, Austin G, Carpenter C, Fraraccio S, Wandro S, Kosciolek T, Janssen S, Metcalf JL, Song SJ, Kanbar J, Miller-Montgomery S, Heaton R, Mckay R, Patel SP, Swafford AD, Korem T, Knight R. Robustness of cancer microbiome signals over a broad range of methodological variation. Oncogene 2024; 43:1127-1148. [PMID: 38396294 PMCID: PMC10997506 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-02974-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
In 2020, we identified cancer-specific microbial signals in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) [1]. Multiple peer-reviewed papers independently verified or extended our findings [2-12]. Given this impact, we carefully considered concerns by Gihawi et al. [13] that batch correction and database contamination with host sequences artificially created the appearance of cancer type-specific microbiomes. (1) We tested batch correction by comparing raw and Voom-SNM-corrected data per-batch, finding predictive equivalence and significantly similar features. We found consistent results with a modern microbiome-specific method (ConQuR [14]), and when restricting to taxa found in an independent, highly-decontaminated cohort. (2) Using Conterminator [15], we found low levels of human contamination in our original databases (~1% of genomes). We demonstrated that the increased detection of human reads in Gihawi et al. [13] was due to using a newer human genome reference. (3) We developed Exhaustive, a method twice as sensitive as Conterminator, to clean RefSeq. We comprehensively host-deplete TCGA with many human (pan)genome references. We repeated all analyses with this and the Gihawi et al. [13] pipeline, and found cancer type-specific microbiomes. These extensive re-analyses and updated methods validate our original conclusion that cancer type-specific microbial signatures exist in TCGA, and show they are robust to methodology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory D Sepich-Poore
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Micronoma, San Diego, CA, USA
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daniel McDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Evguenia Kopylova
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Clarity Genomics, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Caitlin Guccione
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Qiyun Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - George Austin
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carolina Carpenter
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Serena Fraraccio
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Micronoma, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Stephen Wandro
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Micronoma, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Tomasz Kosciolek
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Stefan Janssen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Algorithmic Bioinformatics, Department of Biology and Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - Jessica L Metcalf
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Se Jin Song
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jad Kanbar
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sandrine Miller-Montgomery
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Micronoma, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Robert Heaton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rana Mckay
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sandip Pravin Patel
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Austin D Swafford
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tal Korem
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jamieson CA, Murtadha J, Oh CS, Muldong M, Koutouan E, Kim JO, Etemadfard N, Choo HS, Sinha N, Lee S, Wu C, Pineda G, Lennon K, Willert K, Jamieson CH, Gaasterland T, Mckay R, Kane CJ, Kipps TJ, Kulidjian AA, Cacalano NA, Prussak C. Abstract 1789: Pre-clinical studies to advance anti-ROR1 CAR-T cell therapy for metastatic prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-1789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Alterations in WNT signaling are frequently associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis in many cancers including prostate cancer (PCa). The Wnt ligand, WNT5A, is required for normal prostate gland development and is increased in bone metastatic, castration resistant PCa (CRPC) patients. WNT5A signaling is mediated in part through ROR1, a non-canonical Wnt receptor and fetal oncoprotein for which the therapeutic inhibitory antibody, Zilovertamab, has been developed. Its safety has been clinically proven in trials for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and metastatic breast cancer. We sought to investigate Zilovertamab-based anti-ROR1 therapies for metastatic prostate cancer.Our Hypothesis is that WNT5A may activate a stem-cell-like program via ROR1 which leads to therapy resistance in metastatic prostate cancer. The anti-ROR1 biologic, Zilovertamab, may inhibit this mechanism of resistance. The expression of ROR1 on CRPC and NEPC tumors and its lack of expression on normal adult tissues makes it a promising CART cell target.
Methods: We used the patient-derived xenograft (PDX), PCSD13, small cell bone metastatic prostate cancer model and the neuroendocrine PCa cell lines, PC3 and DU145, to test the effect of Zilovertamab and Zilovertamab-CART cells in vitro using the real time cell viability, proliferation, and cell cycle tracking assays in an Incucyte S3. We used in vivo bioluminescence and tumor caliper measurements to monitor effects in vivo.
Results: Studies using RNASeq, qRT-PCR, FACS and Westerns showed high expression of ROR1 in PC3, DU145, and in PCSD13. CRISPR-Cas9 Knock out of ROR1 in PC3 and DU145 cells showed increased inhibition of proliferation at lower docetaxel concentrations. Treatment of PCSD13 PDX in vivo with Zilovertamab increased docetaxel-mediated tumor growth inhibition. Mice bearing PC3 xenografts injected intravenously with Zilovertamab anti-ROR1 CAR-T cells showed durable, tumor ablation in 67% of mice compared to 22% of mice injected with activated T cells from the same donor and 0% of untreated mice. Survival of mice at Day 70 injected with CART was 78% compared to 0% of mice injected with control donor T cells and 0% of untreated mice. Zilovertamab antibody could inhibit Zilovertamab CART cell tumor cell killing.
Conclusions: ROR1 was expressed at high levels on castration resistant small cell PCa and neuroendocrine PCa cell lines and PDX models. Zilovertamab synergized with docetaxel to inhibit tumor growth in patient derived xenograft in vivo and in organoid cultures. Zilovertamab-based CART cells durably eradicated ROR1+ prostate cancer xenograft tumors. These studies supported the recently launched Phase 1b clinical trial of Zilovertamab plus docetaxel in metastatic CRPC patients. Clinical development of GMP Zilovertamab CART cells for a clinical trial in CLL is in progress and may lead to rapid progression to a clinical trial for metastatic CRPC and NEPC.
Citation Format: Christina A.M. Jamieson, Jamillah Murtadha, Christopher S. Oh, Michelle Muldong, Evodie Koutouan, JOngwook Kim, Niloofar Etemadfard, Hae Soo Choo, Navyaa Sinha, Sanghee Lee, Christina Wu, Gabriel Pineda, Kathleen Lennon, Karl Willert, Catriona H. Jamieson, Terry Gaasterland, Rana Mckay, Christopher J. Kane, Thomas J. Kipps, Anna A. Kulidjian, Nicholas A. Cacalano, Charles Prussak. Pre-clinical studies to advance anti-ROR1 CAR-T cell therapy for metastatic prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 1789.
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang L, Vaida F, Meagher M, Puri D, Liu F, Dhanji S, Afari J, Hakimi K, Nguyen M, Saitta C, Shah A, Ghassemzadeh S, Nasseri R, Javier-Desloges J, Murphy J, Mckay R, Derweesh I. Proposal for reclassification of T1 and T2A renal cell carcinoma: Analysis of the National Cancer Database. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01308-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
|
5
|
Kotha N, Kumar A, Nelson T, Qiao E, Qian A, Voora R, Mckay R, Rose B, Stewart T. Patterns of Failure After Definitive Chemoradiation for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
6
|
Suraj V, Del Vecchio Fitz C, Kleiman LB, Bhavnani SK, Jani C, Shah S, Mckay R, Warner J, Alterovitz G. SMART COVID Navigator: A Clinical Decision Support for COVID-19. J Med Internet Res 2021; 24:e29279. [PMID: 34932493 PMCID: PMC8862760 DOI: 10.2196/29279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has infected 219 million individuals at the time of writing of this paper. A large volume of research findings from observational studies about disease interactions with COVID-19 is being produced almost daily, making it difficult for physicians to keep track of the latest information on COVID-19’s effect on patients with certain pre-existing conditions. Objective In this paper, we describe the creation of a clinical decision support tool, the SMART COVID Navigator, a web application to assist clinicians in treating patients with COVID-19. Our application allows clinicians to access a patient’s electronic health records and identify disease interactions from a large set of observational research studies that affect the severity and fatality due to COVID-19. Methods The SMART COVID Navigator takes a 2-pronged approach to clinical decision support. The first part is a connection to electronic health record servers, allowing the application to access a patient’s medical conditions. The second is accessing data sets with information from various observational studies to determine the latest research findings about COVID-19 outcomes for patients with certain medical conditions. By connecting these 2 data sources, users can see how a patient’s medical history will affect their COVID-19 outcomes. Results The SMART COVID Navigator aggregates patient health information from multiple Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources–enabled electronic health record systems. This allows physicians to see a comprehensive view of patient health records. The application accesses 2 data sets of over 1100 research studies to provide information on the fatality and severity of COVID-19 for several pre-existing conditions. We also analyzed the results of the collected studies to determine which medical conditions result in an increased chance of severity and fatality of COVID-19 progression. We found that certain conditions result in a higher likelihood of severity and fatality probabilities. We also analyze various cancer tissues and find that the probabilities for fatality vary greatly depending on the tissue being examined. Conclusions The SMART COVID Navigator allows physicians to predict the fatality and severity of COVID-19 progression given a particular patient’s medical conditions. This can allow physicians to determine how aggressively to treat patients infected with COVID-19 and to prioritize different patients for treatment considering their prior medical conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Suresh K Bhavnani
- Preventive Medicine and Population Health Institute for Translational Sciences University of Texas Medical Branch University of Texas Health Science Center in Houston, Houston, US
| | - Chinmay Jani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital- Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, US
| | - Surbhi Shah
- Hematology, oncology and bone marrow transplantation Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, US
| | - Rana Mckay
- University of California San Diego, San Diego, US
| | - Jeremy Warner
- Vanderbilt University, 2525 West End Ave, Suite 1500, Nashville, US
| | - Gil Alterovitz
- Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, US
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Martinez Chanza N, Xie W, Issa M, Dzimitrowicz H, Tripathi A, Beuselinck B, Lam E, Zakharia Y, Mckay R, Shah S, Mortazavi A, R Harrison M, Sideris S, Kaymakcalan MD, Abou Alaiwi S, Nassar AH, Nuzzo PV, Hamid A, K Choueiri T, C Harshman L. Safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced urological cancers with pre-existing autoimmune disorders: a retrospective international multicenter study. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2020-000538. [PMID: 32217762 PMCID: PMC7174076 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-000538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited experience regarding the safety and efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) in patients with autoimmune disorders (AD) and advanced urological cancers as they are generally excluded from clinical trials due to risk of exacerbations. METHODS This multicenter retrospective cohort analysis of patients with advanced renal cell cancer (RCC) and urothelial cancer (UC) with pre-existing AD treated with CPI catalogued the incidence of AD exacerbations, new immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and clinical outcomes. Competing risk models estimated cumulative incidences of exacerbations and new irAEs at 3 and 6 months. RESULTS Of 106 patients with AD (58 RCC, 48 UC) from 10 centers, 35 (33%) had grade 1/2 clinically active AD of whom 10 (9%) required corticosteroids or immunomodulators at baseline. Exacerbations of pre-existing AD occurred in 38 (36%) patients with 17 (45%) requiring corticosteroids and 6 (16%) discontinuing CPI. New onset irAEs occurred in 40 (38%) patients with 22 (55%) requiring corticosteroids and 8 (20%) discontinuing CPI. Grade 3/4 events occurred in 6 (16%) of exacerbations and 13 (33%) of new irAEs. No treatment-related deaths occurred. Median follow-up was 15 months. For RCC, objective response rate (ORR) was 31% (95% CI 20% to 45%), median time to treatment failure (TTF) was 7 months (95% CI 4 to 10) and 12-month overall survival (OS) was 78% (95% CI 63% to 87%). For UC, ORR was 40% (95% CI 26% to 55%), median TTF was 5.0 months (95% CI 2.3 to 9.0) and 12-month OS was 63% (95% CI 47% to 76%). CONCLUSIONS Patients with RCC and UC with well-controlled AD can benefit from CPI with manageable toxicities that are consistent with what is expected of a non-AD population. Prospective study is warranted to comprehensively evaluate the benefits and safety of CPI in patients with AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nieves Martinez Chanza
- Medical Oncology, Jules Bordet Institute, Bruxelles, Belgium.,Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Wanling Xie
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Majd Issa
- Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Abhishek Tripathi
- Hematology Oncology, University of Oklahoma Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | | | - Elaine Lam
- Medical Oncology, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Yousef Zakharia
- Medical Oncology, University of Iowa Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Rana Mckay
- Medical Oncology, Rebecca and John Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sumit Shah
- Medical Oncology, Stanford Comprehensive Cancer Center, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Amir Mortazavi
- Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | | | - Sarah Abou Alaiwi
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amin H Nassar
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pier Vitale Nuzzo
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), University of Genoa School of Medicine and Surgery, Genova, Liguria, Italy
| | - Anis Hamid
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Toni K Choueiri
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lauren C Harshman
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Poore GD, Kopylova E, Zhu Q, Carpenter C, Fraraccio S, Wandro S, Kosciolek T, Janssen S, Metcalf J, Song SJ, Kanbar J, Miller-Montgomery S, Heaton R, Mckay R, Patel SP, Swafford AD, Knight R. Microbiome analyses of blood and tissues suggest cancer diagnostic approach. Nature 2020; 579:567-574. [PMID: 32214244 PMCID: PMC7500457 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2095-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 575] [Impact Index Per Article: 143.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Systematic characterization of the cancer microbiome provides the opportunity to develop techniques that exploit non-human, microorganism-derived molecules in the diagnosis of a major human disease. Following recent demonstrations that some types of cancer show substantial microbial contributions1-10, we re-examined whole-genome and whole-transcriptome sequencing studies in The Cancer Genome Atlas11 (TCGA) of 33 types of cancer from treatment-naive patients (a total of 18,116 samples) for microbial reads, and found unique microbial signatures in tissue and blood within and between most major types of cancer. These TCGA blood signatures remained predictive when applied to patients with stage Ia-IIc cancer and cancers lacking any genomic alterations currently measured on two commercial-grade cell-free tumour DNA platforms, despite the use of very stringent decontamination analyses that discarded up to 92.3% of total sequence data. In addition, we could discriminate among samples from healthy, cancer-free individuals (n = 69) and those from patients with multiple types of cancer (prostate, lung, and melanoma; 100 samples in total) solely using plasma-derived, cell-free microbial nucleic acids. This potential microbiome-based oncology diagnostic tool warrants further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory D Poore
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Evguenia Kopylova
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Clarity Genomics, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Qiyun Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Carolina Carpenter
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Serena Fraraccio
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Stephen Wandro
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tomasz Kosciolek
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Stefan Janssen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Algorithmic Bioinformatics, Department of Biology and Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - Jessica Metcalf
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Se Jin Song
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jad Kanbar
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sandrine Miller-Montgomery
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert Heaton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rana Mckay
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sandip Pravin Patel
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Austin D Swafford
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Patel SH, Panian J, Bree K, Derweesh I, Millard F, Randall J, Mckay R. Systemic Treatment of Bone Disease in Metastatic Urinary Malignancies. Eur Urol Focus 2020; 6:17-25. [PMID: 31255618 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Bone metastasis is a common site of metastatic disease in patients with genitourinary malignancies. Given that the presence of bone metastasis decreases survival and has a negative impact on quality of life impact, it is critical to optimize management of this patient population. OBJECTIVE To systematically review literature on the systemic treatment of bone metastasis in prostate cancer, renal cell carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma, and germ cell tumors. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We performed a nonsystematic critical review of PubMed/Medline, clinicaltrials.gov, and the Cochrane Library from January 2001 to February 2019. Identified reports were reviewed according to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials, and selected based on reporting skeletal related events and symptomatic skeletal events for patients with urologic malignancies. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Skeletal metastases occur frequently in genitourinary malignancies, at rates around 80% for patients with metastatic prostate cancer and 30% for patients with metastatic renal cell and urothelial carcinoma, and are uncommon in patients with germ cell tumors. Skeletal related events and symptomatic skeletal events can occur in these patients. Optimization of bone health involves dietary and lifestyle modifications, and use of osteoclast-targeted agents in select individuals. Additionally, disease-modifying agents, such as radiopharmaceutical, immunotherapy, and cMET inhibitors, which have activity in the bone, have improved outcomes for patients, including skeletal-related events and symptomatic skeletal events. CONCLUSIONS While the presence of bone metastases is associated with increased mortality and worse outcomes in patients with genitourinary malignancies, strategies have been developed to improve quality of life and survival for patients with skeletal metastases. Future studies investigating novel therapeutic options and bone supporting agents are warranted to target this patient population. PATIENT SUMMARY In this report, we reviewed the current literature and recent clinical trials involving treatment of bone metastases in urinary cancers. The use of bone-targeting agents can improve outcomes for patients, and additional lifestyle modification can optimize bone health in this population.
Collapse
|
10
|
Deka R, Simpson D, Panizzon M, Hauger R, Riviere P, Nalawade V, Mckay R, Murphy J, Rose B. Stroke and Thromboembolic Events in Men with Prostate Cancer Treated with Definitive Radiation Therapy with or without Androgen Deprivation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
11
|
Deka R, Simpson D, Riviere P, Nalawade V, Mckay R, Murphy J, Rose B. Pathologic Upgrading and Mortality in Men with Low-Risk Prostate Cancer Treated with Radical Prostatectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
12
|
Sarkar R, Bryant A, Kader K, Mckay R, Einck J, Mundt A, Kane C, Parsons J, Murphy J, Rose B. Association Between Finasteride use Prior to Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Prostate Cancer-Specific Survival. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
13
|
Bryant A, Kader K, Mckay R, Einck J, Parsons J, Kane C, Mundt A, Murphy J, Rose B. Influence of Age on Treatment Outcomes in Intermediate or High-Risk Prostate Cancer Treated with Androgen Deprivation Therapy and Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
14
|
Deka R, Simpson D, Bryant A, Nalawade V, Sarkar R, Mckay R, Murphy J, Rose B. ADT and Dementia in Veterans with Prostate Cancer Treated with Definitive Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.06.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
15
|
Deka R, Rose B, Bryant A, Sarkar R, Nalawade V, Mckay R, Murphy J, Simpson D. ADT and Depression in Veterans with Prostate Cancer Treated with Definitive Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
16
|
Cohen RI, Mckay R, Almazan G. Cyclic AMP regulates PDGF-stimulated signal transduction and differentiation of an immortalized optic-nerve-derived cell line. J Exp Biol 1999; 202:461-73. [PMID: 9914153 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.202.4.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
To facilitate the study of the molecular events underlying the development of optic-nerve-derived oligodendrocytes and their growth-factor-related signal transduction events, we immortalized perinatal rat optic nerve cells with a temperature-sensitive simian virus 40 large T-antigen, carrying the tsA58 and U19 mutations, via a retrovirus vector. The line, tsU19-9, was selected on the basis of the expression of the neural precursor marker nestin. At the permissive temperature, 33 degreesC, tsU19-9 cells had a flat epithelial morphology. In contrast, following exposure to platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), a factor important in the lineage progression of oligodendrocytes, or in the presence of dibutyryl cyclic AMP at 39 degreesC (the non-permissive temperature), the cells underwent morphological and antigenic differentiation to cells characteristic of the oligodendrocyte lineage. We used this cell line to investigate the binding characteristics of PDGF and related signalling cascades. Competition binding, phosphoinositide hydrolysis and intracellular Ca2+ mobilization assays all demonstrated that the three different isoforms of PDGF (AA, AB and BB) bound to and acted on the cell line. Overnight exposure to forskolin, a treatment that initiated morphological and phenotypic progression into an oligodendrocyte lineage, decreased PDGF-BB-induced intracellular Ca2+ mobilization and inhibited basal and PDGF-stimulated [3H]thymidine incorporation. Our results demonstrate that tsU19-9 may serve as a resource to study early optic-nerve oligodendrocyte development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R I Cohen
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Henry D, Fisher M, Giri S, Hirat J, Mitchel J, Rizvi A, Chen C, Mckay R, Gillam L. Serial echocardiography in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary PTCA. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(98)81754-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
18
|
Mckay R. Injury to the Soft Tissues by Dentures. Dent Regist 1911; 65:270-272. [PMID: 33702155 PMCID: PMC6984951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|