1
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Tamura Y, Okazaki M, Ueki H, Aihara K, Kanazawa T, Fan D, Haruki R, Iwase A, Nozawa S, Ishiwari F, Sugimoto K, Saeki A, Maeda K. Modification of Visible-Light-Responsive Pb2Ti2O5.4F1.2 with Metal Oxide Cocatalysts to Improve Photocatalytic O2 Evolution toward Z-scheme Overall Water Splitting. ChemSusChem 2024:e202400408. [PMID: 38622065 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202400408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The development of a highly active photocatalyst for visible-light water splitting requires a high-quality semiconductor material and a cocatalyst, which promote the migration of photogenerated charge carriers and surface redox reactions. In this work, cocatalyst loading on an oxyfluoride photocatalyst Pb2Ti2O5.4F1.2 was applied to improve the water oxidation activity. Among the metal oxides examined, RuO2 was found to be the most suitable, and the O2 evolution activity depended on the preparation conditions of Ru/Pb2Ti2O5.4F1.2. The highest activity was obtained with RuCl3-impregnated Pb2Ti2O5.4F1.2, heated under a flow of H2 at 523 K. The H2-heated Ru/Pb2Ti2O5.4F1.2 showed an O2 evolution rate ~13 times higher than the analogues without the H2 treatment (e.g., RuO2/Pb2Ti2O5.4F1.2). Physicochemical analyses by means of X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and time-resolved-microwave-conductivity measurement indicated that the optimized photocatalyst contained partially-reduced RuO2 species having ~5 nm in size, which effectively trapped the photogenerated charge carriers and promoted the oxidation of water into O2. The optimized Ru/Pb2Ti2O5.4F1.2 was workable as an O2-evolving photocatalyst in Z-scheme overall water splitting, in combination of Ru-loaded, Rh-doped SrTiO3 photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tomoki Kanazawa
- Inter-University Research Institute Corporation High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Institute of Materials Structure Science, JAPAN
| | - Dongxiao Fan
- Inter-University Research Institute Corporation High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Institute of Materials Structure Science, JAPAN
| | - Rie Haruki
- Inter-University Research Institute Corporation High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Institute of Materials Structure Science, JAPAN
| | - Akihide Iwase
- Meiji Daigaku Rikogakubu Daigakuin Rikogaku Kenkyuka, Applied Chemistry, JAPAN
| | - Shunsuke Nozawa
- Inter-University Research Institute Corporation High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Institute of Materials Structure Science, JAPAN
| | | | | | | | - Kazuhiko Maeda
- Tokyo Kogyo Daigaku - Ookayama Campus: Tokyo Kogyo Daigaku, Department of Chemistry, 2-12-1-NE-2 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, 152-8550, Tokyo, JAPAN
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2
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Kino S, Ukai S, Fukui N, Haruki R, Kumai R, Wang Q, Horike S, Phung QM, Sundholm D, Shinokubo H. Close Stacking of Antiaromatic Ni(II) Norcorrole Originating from a Four-Electron Multicentered Bonding Interaction. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9311-9317. [PMID: 38502926 PMCID: PMC10996016 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
A π-conjugated molecule with one electronic spin often forms a π-stacked dimer through molecular orbital interactions between two unpaired electrons. The bonding is recognized as a multicentered two-electron interaction between the two π-conjugated molecules. Here, we disclose a multicentered bonding interaction between two antiaromatic molecules involving four electrons. We have synthesized an antiaromatic porphyrin analogue, Ni(II) bis(pentafluorophenyl)norcorrole. Its dimer adopts a face-to-face stacked structure with an extremely short stacking distance of 2.97 Å. The close stacking originates from a multicenter four-electron bonding interaction between the two molecules. The bonding electrons were experimentally observed via synchrotron X-ray diffraction analysis and corroborated by theoretical calculations. The intermolecular interaction of the molecular orbitals imparts the stacked dimer with aromatic character that is distinctly different from that of its monomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Kino
- Department
of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering
and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Shusaku Ukai
- Department
of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering
and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Norihito Fukui
- Department
of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering
and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan
Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon
Factory, Institute of Materials Structure
Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Reiji Kumai
- Photon
Factory, Institute of Materials Structure
Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Qian Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University
of Helsinki, Helsinki, FIN-00014, Finland
| | - Satoshi Horike
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Quan Manh Phung
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho,
Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Dage Sundholm
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University
of Helsinki, Helsinki, FIN-00014, Finland
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department
of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering
and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
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3
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Saito K, Ichiyanagi K, Fukaya R, Haruki R, Nozawa S, Sasaki D, Arai T, Sasaki YC, McGehee K, Saikawa M, Gao M, Wei Z, Kwaria D, Norikane Y. Visualization of the Dynamics of Photoinduced Crawling Motion of 4-(Methylamino)Azobenzene Crystals via Diffracted X-ray Tracking. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17462. [PMID: 38139291 PMCID: PMC10744157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The photoinduced crawling motion of crystals is a continuous motion that azobenzene molecular crystals exhibit under light irradiation. Such motion enables object manipulation at the microscale with a simple setup of fixed LED light sources. Transportation of nano-/micromaterials using photoinduced crawling motion has recently been reported. However, the details of the motion mechanism have not been revealed so far. Herein, we report visualization of the dynamics of fine particles in 4-(methylamino)azobenzene (4-MAAB) crystals under light irradiation via diffracted X-ray tracking (DXT). Continuously repeated melting and recrystallization of 4-MAAB crystals under light irradiation results in the flow of liquid 4-MAAB. Zinc oxide (ZnO) particles were introduced inside the 4-MAAB crystals to detect diffracted X-rays. The ZnO particles rotate with the flow of liquid 4-MAAB. By using white X-rays with a wide energy width, the rotation of each zinc oxide nanoparticle was detected as the movement of a bright spot in the X-ray diffraction pattern. It was clearly shown that the ZnO particles rotated increasingly as the irradiation light intensity increased. Furthermore, we also found anisotropy in the rotational direction of ZnO particles that occurred during the crawling motion of 4-MAAB crystals. It has become clear that the flow perpendicular to the supporting film of 4-MAAB crystals is enhanced inside the crystal during the crawling motion. DXT provides a unique means to elucidate the mechanism of photoinduced crawling motion of crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Saito
- Research Institute for Advanced Electronics and Photonics, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8565, Ibaraki, Japan; (D.K.); (Y.N.)
| | - Kouhei Ichiyanagi
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo 679-5198, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ryo Fukaya
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Ibaraki, Japan; (R.F.); (R.H.); (S.N.)
| | - Rie Haruki
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Ibaraki, Japan; (R.F.); (R.H.); (S.N.)
| | - Shunsuke Nozawa
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Ibaraki, Japan; (R.F.); (R.H.); (S.N.)
| | - Daisuke Sasaki
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8561, Chiba, Japan (T.A.); (Y.C.S.)
| | - Tatsuya Arai
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8561, Chiba, Japan (T.A.); (Y.C.S.)
| | - Yuji C. Sasaki
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8561, Chiba, Japan (T.A.); (Y.C.S.)
| | - Keegan McGehee
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Makoto Saikawa
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Minghao Gao
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Zhichao Wei
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Dennis Kwaria
- Research Institute for Advanced Electronics and Photonics, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8565, Ibaraki, Japan; (D.K.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yasuo Norikane
- Research Institute for Advanced Electronics and Photonics, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8565, Ibaraki, Japan; (D.K.); (Y.N.)
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Ibaraki, Japan
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4
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Otsuka C, Takahashi S, Isobe A, Saito T, Aizawa T, Tsuchida R, Yamashita S, Harano K, Hanayama H, Shimizu N, Takagi H, Haruki R, Liu L, Hollamby MJ, Ohkubo T, Yagai S. Supramolecular Polymer Polymorphism: Spontaneous Helix-Helicoid Transition through Dislocation of Hydrogen-Bonded π-Rosettes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22563-22576. [PMID: 37796243 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphism, a phenomenon whereby disparate self-assembled products can be formed from identical molecules, has incited interest in the field of supramolecular polymers. Conventionally, the monomers that constitute supramolecular polymers are engineered to facilitate one-dimensional aggregation and, consequently, their polymorphism surfaces primarily when the states of assembly differ significantly. This engenders polymorphs of divergent dimensionalities such as one- and two-dimensional aggregates. Notwithstanding, realizing supramolecular polymer polymorphism, wherein polymorphs maintain one-dimensional aggregation, persists as a daunting challenge. In this work, we expound upon the manifestation of two supramolecular polymer polymorphs formed from a large discotic supramolecular monomer (rosette), which consists of six hydrogen-bonded molecules with an extended π-conjugated core. These polymorphs are generated in mixtures of chloroform and methylcyclohexane, attributable to distinctly different disc stacking arrangements. The face-to-face (minimal displacement) and offset (large displacement) stacking arrangements can be predicated on their distinctive photophysical properties. The face-to-face stacking results in a twisted helix structure. Conversely, the offset stacking induces inherent curvature in the supramolecular fiber, thereby culminating in a hollow helical coil (helicoid). While both polymorphs exhibit bistability in nonpolar solvent compositions, the face-to-face stacking attains stability purely in a kinetic sense within a polar solvent composition and undergoes conversion into offset stacking through a dislocation of stacked rosettes. This occurs without the dissociation and nucleation of monomers, leading to unprecedented helicoidal folding of supramolecular polymers. Our findings augment our understanding of supramolecular polymer polymorphism, but they also highlight a distinctive method for achieving helicoidal folding in supramolecular polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Otsuka
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Sho Takahashi
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Atsushi Isobe
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takuho Saito
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takumi Aizawa
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Ryoma Tsuchida
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Shuhei Yamashita
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Koji Harano
- Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hanayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Shimizu
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Hideaki Takagi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Luzhi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Martin J Hollamby
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST55BG, U.K
| | - Takahiro Ohkubo
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Academic Research (IAAR), Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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5
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Kusumoto S, Inaba K, Suda H, Nakaya M, Tokunaga R, Thuéry P, Haruki R, Kanazawa T, Nozawa S, Kim Y, Hayami S, Koide Y. Cooperative Spin-State Switching and Vapochromism of Mononuclear Ni(II) Complexes by Pyridine Coordination/Decoordination. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:16222-16227. [PMID: 37724933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Two mononuclear Ni(II) complexes (1 and 2) have been found to display color changes upon coordination/decoordination of pyridine, resulting in their structural transformation between square-planar and octahedral geometries as well as a change in their spin state. Compound 1 changes between red (1r) and yellow (1y) upon exposure to or elimination of pyridine, while 2 undergoes a two-step transformation, changing orange 2o (S = 0) ⇄ gray 2g' (S = 1) → yellow 2y' (S = 1) depending on the reaction time. The first step (2o → 2g') takes less than 45 min, which is significantly faster than the previously reported reaction time of 1 day for a Ni(II) complex/pyridine vapor system. Compound 2o reacting with pyridine can be easily prepared by dispersing 2g in methanol instead of annealing at high temperatures (130 °C), which can be applied to develop chemical sensors for pyridine utilizing color changes and/or magnetic switching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotaro Kusumoto
- Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Inaba
- Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - Harutoshi Suda
- Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - Manabu Nakaya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan
| | - Ryuya Tokunaga
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Pierre Thuéry
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kanazawa
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Nozawa
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Yang Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Shinya Hayami
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials (IINa), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Koide
- Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
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6
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Soontornchaiyakul W, Yoshino S, Kanazawa T, Haruki R, Fan D, Nozawa S, Yamaguchi Y, Kudo A. CH 4 Synthesis from CO 2 and H 2O of an Electron Source over Rh-Ru Cocatalysts Loaded on NaTaO 3:Sr Photocatalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:20485-20491. [PMID: 37599601 PMCID: PMC10515478 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
CO2 reduction as an artificial photosynthetic system is a promising technology to produce green energies and chemicals because it uses light energy to convert H2O and CO2 into valuable products such as CO, HCOOH, CH3OH, CH4, and preferably higher hydrocarbons. In photocatalytic reduction, water should be used as hydrogen and electron sources for CO2 reduction. Moreover, CH4 formation is an attractive and challenging topic because of the eight-electron-reducing product of CO2. Herein, we report the development of a new Rh-Ru cocatalyst decorated on an alkaline earth-doped NaTaO3 surface for the photocatalytic CO2 reduction to form CH4 using water as an electron donor. CH4 was obtained by a photocatalytic "uphill" reaction of CO2 reduction using Rh-Ru cocatalyst-loaded NaTaO3:Sr, water, and CO2 in an aqueous suspension system. About 10% of a selectivity (electronic efficiency) was obtained for CH4 formation under ambient conditions accompanied with O2 evolution of the oxidation product of H2O.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasusate Soontornchaiyakul
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Shunya Yoshino
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kanazawa
- Institute
of Materials Structure Science, High Energy
Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Institute
of Materials Structure Science, High Energy
Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Dongxiao Fan
- Institute
of Materials Structure Science, High Energy
Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Nozawa
- Institute
of Materials Structure Science, High Energy
Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Yuichi Yamaguchi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
- Carbon
Value Research Center, Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba-ken 278-8510, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kudo
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
- Carbon
Value Research Center, Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba-ken 278-8510, Japan
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7
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Shoji Y, Komiyama R, Kobayashi M, Kosaka A, Kajitani T, Haruki R, Kumai R, Adachi SI, Tada T, Karasawa N, Nakano H, Nakamura H, Sakurai H, Fukushima T. Collective bending motion of a two-dimensionally correlated bowl-stacked columnar liquid crystalline assembly under a shear force. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadg8202. [PMID: 37172082 PMCID: PMC10181172 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg8202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Stacked teacups inspired the idea that columnar assemblies of stacked bowl-shaped molecules may exhibit a unique dynamic behavior, unlike usual assemblies of planar disc- and rod-shaped molecules. On the basis of the molecular design concept for creating higher-order discotic liquid crystals, found in our group, we synthesized a sumanene derivative with octyloxycarbonyl side chains. This molecule forms an ordered hexagonal columnar mesophase, but unexpectedly, the columnar assembly is very soft, similar to sugar syrup. It displays, upon application of a shear force on solid substrates, a flexible bending motion with continuous angle variations of bowl-stacked columns while preserving the two-dimensional hexagonal order. In general, alignment control of higher-order liquid crystals is difficult to achieve due to their high viscosity. The present system that brings together higher structural order and mechanical softness will spark interest in bowl-shaped molecules as a component for developing higher-order liquid crystals with unique mechanical and stimuli-responsive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Shoji
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Ryo Komiyama
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Miki Kobayashi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Atsuko Kosaka
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Takashi Kajitani
- Open Facility Development Office, Open Facility Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Reiji Kumai
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Adachi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Tada
- Kyushu University Platform of Inter/Transdisciplinary Energy Research, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Karasawa
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakano
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Hisao Nakamura
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Sakurai
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takanori Fukushima
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Living Systems Materialogy (LiSM) Research Group, International Research Frontiers Initiative (IRFI), Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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8
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Liu SY, Kishida N, Kim J, Fukui N, Haruki R, Niwa Y, Kumai R, Kim D, Yoshizawa M, Shinokubo H. Realization of Stacked-Ring Aromaticity in a Water-Soluble Micellar Capsule. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 145:2135-2141. [PMID: 36210512 PMCID: PMC9896547 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Stacked-ring aromaticity arising from the close stacking of antiaromatic π-systems has recently received considerable attention. Here, we realize stacked-ring aromaticity via a rational supramolecular approach. A nanocapsule composed of bent polyaromatic amphiphiles was employed to encapsulate several antiaromatic norcorrole Ni(II) complexes (NCs) in water. The resulting micellar capsules display high stability toward heating and concentration change. The encapsulation resulted in the appearance of a broad absorption band in the near-infrared region, which is characteristic of norcorroles with close face-to-face stacking. Importantly, a meso-isopropyl NC, which does not exhibit π-stacking even in a concentrated solution or the crystalline phase, adopted π-stacking with stacked-ring aromaticity in the supramolecular micellar capsule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yu Liu
- Department
of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering,
and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Natsuki Kishida
- Laboratory
for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute
of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta,
Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Jinseok Kim
- Spectroscopy
Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department
of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Norihito Fukui
- Department
of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering,
and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan,PRESTO,
Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon
Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Niwa
- Photon
Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Reiji Kumai
- Photon
Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Dongho Kim
- Spectroscopy
Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department
of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea,
| | - Michito Yoshizawa
- Laboratory
for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute
of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta,
Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan,
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department
of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering,
and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan,
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9
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Miyoshi A, Yasuda S, Kanazawa T, Haruki R, Yanagisawa K, Tang Y, Mizuochi R, Yokoi T, Nozawa S, Kimoto K, Maeda K. Fluorine-Assisted Low-Temperature Synthesis of GaN:ZnO-Related Solid Solutions with Visible-Light Photoresponse. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:19756-19765. [PMID: 35451831 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Wurtzite-structured Ga1-xZnx(N,O,F) was successfully synthesized by nitridation of mixtures of a Ga-containing oxide and ZnF2. The addition of ZnF2 lowered the nitridation temperature for the synthesis of Ga1-xZnx(N,O,F) to 823 K, even when bulk ZnGa2O4 was used as a paired precursor. This lowering of the synthesis temperature was ascribed to the enhancement of nitridation through the addition of fluorine. The low-temperature nitridation achieved by the addition of fluorine suppressed the volatilization of Zn compared with that during the synthesis of a GaN:ZnO solid solution by a conventional high-temperature ammonolysis reaction. The higher concentration of Zn, as well as the higher N concentration in Ga1-xZnx(N,O,F) achieved through the fluorine-assisted nitridation, led to a redshift of the absorption edge of Ga1-xZnx(N,O,F) to 560 nm compared with that of GaN:ZnO synthesized by the conventional ammonolysis reaction. The visible-light absorption of Ga1-xZnx(N,O,F) can be used to drive the photoelectrochemical oxidation of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinobu Miyoshi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-2 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Kojimachi Business Center Building, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Shuhei Yasuda
- Nanospace Catalysis Unit, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kanazawa
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Keiichi Yanagisawa
- Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Ya Tang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-2 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Mizuochi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-2 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yokoi
- Nanospace Catalysis Unit, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Nozawa
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Koji Kimoto
- Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-2 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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10
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Shoji Y, Kobayashi M, Kosaka A, Haruki R, Kumai R, Adachi SI, Kajitani T, Fukushima T. Design of discotic liquid crystal enabling complete switching between and memory of two alignment states over a large area. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9891-9901. [PMID: 36128239 PMCID: PMC9430577 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03677k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The alignment control of discotic columnar liquid crystals (LCs), featuring a low motility of the constituent molecules and thus having a large viscosity, is a challenging task. Here we show that triphenylene hexacarboxylic ester, when functionalized with hybrid side chains consisting of alkyl and perfluoroalkyl groups in an appropriate ratio, gives a hexagonal columnar (Colh) LC capable of selectively forming large-area uniform homeotropic or homogeneous alignments, upon cooling from its isotropic melt or upon application of a shear force at its LC temperature, respectively. In addition to the alignment switching ability, each alignment state remains persistent unless the LC is heated to its melting temperature. In situ X-ray diffraction analysis under the application of a shear force, together with polarized optical microscopy observations, revealed how the columnar assembly is changed during the alignment-switching process. The remarkable behavior of the discotic LC is discussed in terms of its rheological properties. A columnar liquid crystal consisting of a triphenylene hexacarboxylic ester mesogen and semifluoroalkyl side chains shows complete switching between homeotropic and homogeneous alignments, each of which remains persistent up to its melting point.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Shoji
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Miki Kobayashi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Atsuko Kosaka
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization 1-1 Oho Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Reiji Kumai
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization 1-1 Oho Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Adachi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization 1-1 Oho Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Takashi Kajitani
- Open Facility Development Office, Open Facility Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
| | - Takanori Fukushima
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
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11
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Tashiro K, Katayama K, Tamaki K, Pesce L, Shimizu N, Takagi H, Haruki R, Hollamby MJ, Pavan GM, Yagai S. Non‐uniform Photoinduced Unfolding of Supramolecular Polymers Leading to Topological Block Nanofibers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Tashiro
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) Chiba University 1–33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263–8522 Japan
| | - Kosuke Katayama
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering Chiba University 1–33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263–8522 Japan
| | - Kenta Tamaki
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering Chiba University 1–33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263–8522 Japan
| | - Luca Pesce
- Department of Innovative Technologies University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland Via La Santa 1 6962 Lugano-Viganello Switzerland
| | - Nobutaka Shimizu
- Photon Factory Institute of Materials Structure Science High Energy Accelerator Research Organization Tsukuba 305–0801 Japan
| | - Hideaki Takagi
- Photon Factory Institute of Materials Structure Science High Energy Accelerator Research Organization Tsukuba 305–0801 Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory Institute of Materials Structure Science High Energy Accelerator Research Organization Tsukuba 305–0801 Japan
| | - Martin J. Hollamby
- School of Physical and Geographical Sciences Keele University Keele Staffordshire ST55BG UK
| | - Giovanni M. Pavan
- Department of Innovative Technologies University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland Via La Santa 1 6962 Lugano-Viganello Switzerland
- Department of Applied Science and Technology Politecnico di Torino Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino Italy
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) Chiba University 1–33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263–8522 Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University 1–33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263–8522 Japan
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12
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Tashiro K, Katayama K, Tamaki K, Pesce L, Shimizu N, Takagi H, Haruki R, Hollamby MJ, Pavan GM, Yagai S. Non-uniform Photoinduced Unfolding of Supramolecular Polymers Leading to Topological Block Nanofibers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26986-26993. [PMID: 34623014 PMCID: PMC9298767 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of one-dimensional nanofibers with distinct topological (higher-order structural) domains in the same main chain is one of the challenging topics in modern supramolecular polymer chemistry. Non-uniform structural transformation of supramolecular polymer chains by external stimuli may enable preparation of such nanofibers. To demonstrate feasibility of this post-polymerization strategy, we prepared a photoresponsive helically folded supramolecular polymers from a barbiturate monomer containing an azobenzene-embedded rigid π-conjugated scaffold. In contrast to previous helically folded supramolecular polymers composed of a more flexible azobenzene monomer, UV-light induced unfolding of the newly prepared helically folded supramolecular polymers occurred nonuniformly, affording topological block copolymers consisting of folded and unfolded domains. The formation of such blocky copolymers indicates that the photoinduced unfolding of the helically folded structures initiates from relatively flexible parts such as termini or defects. Spontaneous refolding of the unfolded domains was observed after visible-light irradiation followed by aging to restore fully folded structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Tashiro
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Kosuke Katayama
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Kenta Tamaki
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Luca Pesce
- Department of Innovative Technologies, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Via La Santa 1, 6962, Lugano-Viganello, Switzerland
| | - Nobutaka Shimizu
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Hideaki Takagi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Martin J Hollamby
- School of Physical and Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST55BG, UK
| | - Giovanni M Pavan
- Department of Innovative Technologies, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Via La Santa 1, 6962, Lugano-Viganello, Switzerland.,Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
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13
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Fukushima T, Tamaki K, Isobe A, Hirose T, Shimizu N, Takagi H, Haruki R, Adachi SI, Hollamby MJ, Yagai S. Diarylethene-Powered Light-Induced Folding of Supramolecular Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5845-5854. [PMID: 33755463 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Helical folding of randomly coiled linear polymers is an essential organization process not only for biological polypeptides but also for synthetic functional polymers. Realization of this dynamic process in supramolecular polymers (SPs) is, however, a formidable challenge because of their inherent lability of main chains upon changing an external environment that can drive the folding process (e.g., solvent, concentration, and temperature). We herein report a photoinduced reversible folding/unfolding of rosette-based SPs driven by photoisomerization of a diarylethene (DAE). Temperature-controlled supramolecular polymerization of a barbiturate-functionalized DAE (open isomer) in nonpolar solvent results in the formation of intrinsically curved, but randomly coiled, SPs due to the presence of defects. Irradiation of the randomly coiled SPs with UV light causes efficient ring-closure reaction of the DAE moieties, which induces helical folding of the randomly coiled structures into helicoidal ones, as evidenced by atomic force microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering. The helical folding is driven by internal structure ordering of the SP fiber that repairs the defects and interloop interaction occurring only for the resulting helicoidal structure. In contrast, direct supramolecular polymerization of the ring-closed DAE monomers by temperature control affords linearly extended ribbon-like SPs lacking intrinsic curvature that are thermodynamically less stable compared to the helicoidal SPs. The finding represents an important concept applicable to other SP systems; that is, postpolymerization (photo)reaction of preorganized kinetic structures can lead to more thermodynamically stable structures that are inaccessible directly through temperature-controlled protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Fukushima
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Kenta Tamaki
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Atsushi Isobe
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takashi Hirose
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Shimizu
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Hideaki Takagi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Adachi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Martin J Hollamby
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, U.K
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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14
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Kagami K, Koshimizu M, Fujimoto Y, Kishimoto S, Haruki R, Nishikido F, Asai K. X-ray detection properties of Bi-loaded plastic scintillators synthesized via solvent evaporation. RADIAT MEAS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2020.106361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Horiuchi S, Ishibashi S, Haruki R, Kumai R, Inada S, Aoyagi S. Metaelectric multiphase transitions in a highly polarizable molecular crystal. Chem Sci 2020; 11:6183-6192. [PMID: 32874515 PMCID: PMC7441576 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01687j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metaelectric transition, i.e. an abrupt increase in polarization with an electric field is just a phase change phenomenon in dielectrics and attracts increasing interest for practical applications such as electrical energy storage and highly deformable transducers. Here we demonstrate that both field-induced metaelectric transitions and temperature-induced phase transitions occur successively on a crystal of highly polarizable bis-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-methane (BI2C) molecules. In each molecule, two switchable polar subunits are covalently linked with each other. By changing the NH hydrogen location, the low- and high-dipole states of each molecule can be interconverted, turning on and off the polarization of hydrogen-bonded molecular ribbons. In the low-temperature phase III, the tetragonal crystal lattice comprises orthogonally crossed arrays of polar ribbons made up of a ladder-like hydrogen-bond network of fully polarized molecules. The single-step metaelectric transition from this phase III corresponds to the forced alignment of antiparallel dipoles typical of antiferroelectrics. By the transition to the intermediate-temperature phase II, the polarity is turned off for half of the ribbons so that the nonpolar and polar ribbons are orthogonal to each other. Considering also the ferroelastic-like crystal twinning, the doubled steps of metaelectric transitions observed in the phase II can be explained by the additional switching at different critical fields, by which the nonpolar ribbons undergo "metadielectric" molecular transformation restoring the strong polarization. This mechanism inevitably brings about exotic phase change phenomena transforming the multi-domain state of a homogeneous phase into an inhomogeneous (phase mixture) state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachio Horiuchi
- Research Institute for Advanced Electronics and Photonics (RIAEP) , National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Tsukuba 305-8565 , Japan
| | - Shoji Ishibashi
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials (CD-FMat) , National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Tsukuba 305-8568 , Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Condensed Matter Research Center (CMRC) and Photon Factory , Institute of Materials Structure Science , High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) , Tsukuba 305-0801 , Japan
| | - Reiji Kumai
- Condensed Matter Research Center (CMRC) and Photon Factory , Institute of Materials Structure Science , High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) , Tsukuba 305-0801 , Japan
| | - Satoshi Inada
- Research & Development Center , Ouchi Shinko Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. , Sukagawa 962-0806 , Japan
| | - Shigenobu Aoyagi
- Research & Development Center , Ouchi Shinko Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. , Sukagawa 962-0806 , Japan
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16
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Aratsu K, Takeya R, Pauw BR, Hollamby MJ, Kitamoto Y, Shimizu N, Takagi H, Haruki R, Adachi SI, Yagai S. Supramolecular copolymerization driven by integrative self-sorting of hydrogen-bonded rosettes. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1623. [PMID: 32238806 PMCID: PMC7113319 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15422-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular recognition to preorganize noncovalently polymerizable supramolecular complexes is a characteristic process of natural supramolecular polymers, and such recognition processes allow for dynamic self-alteration, yielding complex polymer systems with extraordinarily high efficiency in their targeted function. We herein show an example of such molecular recognition-controlled kinetic assembly/disassembly processes within artificial supramolecular polymer systems using six-membered hydrogen-bonded supramolecular complexes (rosettes). Electron-rich and poor monomers are prepared that kinetically coassemble through a temperature-controlled protocol into amorphous coaggregates comprising a diverse mixture of rosettes. Over days, the electrostatic interaction between two monomers induces an integrative self-sorting of rosettes. While the electron-rich monomer inherently forms toroidal homopolymers, the additional electrostatic interaction that can also guide rosette association allows helicoidal growth of supramolecular copolymers that are comprised of an alternating array of two monomers. Upon heating, the helicoidal copolymers undergo a catastrophic transition into amorphous coaggregates via entropy-driven randomization of the monomers in the rosette. Unlike natural supramolecular polymers, artificial counterparts do not have molecular recognition processes to preorganize the supramolecular complexes before final assembly. Here, the authors show supramolecular copolymerization driven by integrative self-sorting of two different monomers into discrete six-membered supramolecular complexes (rosettes).
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Aratsu
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-Cho, Inage-Ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Rika Takeya
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-Cho, Inage-Ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Brian R Pauw
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing Unter den Eichen 87, 12205, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Martin J Hollamby
- School of Physical and Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST55BG, UK.
| | - Yuichi Kitamoto
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-Cho, Inage-Ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Shimizu
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Hideaki Takagi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Adachi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-Cho, Inage-Ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan. .,Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-Cho, Inage-Ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.
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17
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Aratsu K, Shimizu N, Takagi H, Haruki R, Adachi SI, Yagai S. Effect of Solvent on the Thermodynamic Stability of Toroidal Supramolecular Polymers. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Aratsu
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Shimizu
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Hideaki Takagi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Adachi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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18
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Kitamoto Y, Pan Z, Prabhu DD, Isobe A, Ohba T, Shimizu N, Takagi H, Haruki R, Adachi SI, Yagai S. One-shot preparation of topologically chimeric nanofibers via a gradient supramolecular copolymerization. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4578. [PMID: 31594942 PMCID: PMC6783438 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12654-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular polymers have emerged in the last decade as highly accessible polymeric nanomaterials. An important step toward finely designed nanomaterials with versatile functions, such as those of natural proteins, is intricate topological control over their main chains. Herein, we report the facile one-shot preparation of supramolecular copolymers involving segregated secondary structures. By cooling non-polar solutions containing two monomers that individually afford helically folded and linearly extended secondary structures, we obtain unique nanofibers with coexisting distinct secondary structures. A spectroscopic analysis of the formation process of such topologically chimeric fibers reveals that the monomer composition varies gradually during the polymerization due to the formation of heteromeric hydrogen-bonded intermediates. We further demonstrate the folding of these chimeric fibers by light-induced deformation of the linearly extended segments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Kitamoto
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Ziyan Pan
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Deepak D Prabhu
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Atsushi Isobe
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Tomonori Ohba
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Shimizu
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Hideaki Takagi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Adachi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.
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19
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Suzuki A, Aratsu K, Datta S, Shimizu N, Takagi H, Haruki R, Adachi SI, Hollamby M, Silly F, Yagai S. Topological Impact on the Kinetic Stability of Supramolecular Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:13196-13202. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b06029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsuhito Suzuki
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Keisuke Aratsu
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Sougata Datta
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Shimizu
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Hideaki Takagi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Adachi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Martin Hollamby
- School of Physical and Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST55BG, United Kingdom
| | - Fabien Silly
- TITANS, SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris—Saclay, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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20
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Kajitani T, Motokawa K, Kosaka A, Shoji Y, Haruki R, Hashizume D, Hikima T, Takata M, Yazawa K, Morishima K, Shibayama M, Fukushima T. Chiral crystal-like droplets displaying unidirectional rotational sliding. Nat Mater 2019; 18:266-272. [PMID: 30664694 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-018-0270-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of organic molecules into supramolecular materials with structural ordering beyond the nanometre scale is challenging. Here, we report the spontaneous self-assembly of a chiral discotic triphenylene derivative into millimetre-sized droplets. The structure of the droplets is characterized by high positional and orientational ordering and a three-dimensional integrity similar to that of single crystals. Notwithstanding, these assemblies slide when placed on a vertical substrate demonstrating their fluid nature. X-ray imaging shows that during the sliding process the internal crystal-like structure is maintained and that the droplets undergo clockwise or counterclockwise unidirectional rotation, depending on the chirality of their molecular components. Rheological measurements suggest that this rotational behaviour might result from the distinct yield stress between the (R)- and (S)-enantiomers. Overall, our findings demonstrate that molecular chirality can determine the movement direction of a supramolecular structure, thus expanding the fundamental understanding of the structure and dynamics of soft materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kajitani
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kyuri Motokawa
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Atsuko Kosaka
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Shoji
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Masaki Takata
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Koji Yazawa
- JEOL Resonance Inc., Akishima, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken Morishima
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Shibayama
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takanori Fukushima
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.
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21
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Prabhu DD, Aratsu K, Kitamoto Y, Ouchi H, Ohba T, Hollamby MJ, Shimizu N, Takagi H, Haruki R, Adachi SI, Yagai S. Self-folding of supramolecular polymers into bioinspired topology. Sci Adv 2018; 4:eaat8466. [PMID: 30202785 PMCID: PMC6128674 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aat8466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Folding one-dimensional polymer chains into well-defined topologies represents an important organization process for proteins, but replicating this process for supramolecular polymers remains a challenging task. We report supramolecular polymers that can fold into protein-like topologies. Our approach is based on curvature-forming supramolecular rosettes, which affords kinetic control over the extent of helical folding in the resulting supramolecular fibers by changing the cooling rate for polymerization. When using a slow cooling rate, we obtained misfolded fibers containing a minor amount of helical domains that folded on a time scale of days into unique topologies reminiscent of the protein tertiary structures. Thermodynamic analysis of fibers with varying degrees of folding revealed that the folding is accompanied by a large enthalpic gain. The self-folding proceeds via ordering of misfolded domains in the main chain using helical domains as templates, as fully misfolded fibers prepared by a fast cooling rate do not self-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak D. Prabhu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Keisuke Aratsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kitamoto
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hayato Ouchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Tomonori Ohba
- Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Martin J. Hollamby
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST55BG, UK
| | - Nobutaka Shimizu
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Hideaki Takagi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Adachi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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22
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Adhikari B, Yamada Y, Yamauchi M, Wakita K, Lin X, Aratsu K, Ohba T, Karatsu T, Hollamby MJ, Shimizu N, Takagi H, Haruki R, Adachi SI, Yagai S. Light-induced unfolding and refolding of supramolecular polymer nanofibres. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15254. [PMID: 28488694 PMCID: PMC5436226 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike classical covalent polymers, one-dimensionally (1D) elongated supramolecular polymers (SPs) can be encoded with high degrees of internal order by the cooperative aggregation of molecular subunits, which endows these SPs with extraordinary properties and functions. However, this internal order has not yet been exploited to generate and dynamically control well-defined higher-order (secondary) conformations of the SP backbone, which may induce functionality that is comparable to protein folding/unfolding. Herein, we report light-induced conformational changes of SPs based on the 1D exotic stacking of hydrogen-bonded azobenzene hexamers. The stacking causes a unique internal order that leads to spontaneous curvature, which allows accessing conformations that range from randomly folded to helically folded coils. The reversible photoisomerization of the azobenzene moiety destroys or recovers the curvature of the main chain, which demonstrates external control over the SP conformation that may ultimately lead to biological functions. Dynamically controlling the conformations of 1D elongated supramolecular polymers can induce functions comparable to protein folding/unfolding. Here the authors show light-induced conformational changes of azobenzene-based supramolecular polymers from helically coiled to extended/randomly coiled conformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimalendu Adhikari
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.,Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Yuki Yamada
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Yamauchi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Kengo Wakita
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Xu Lin
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Keisuke Aratsu
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Tomonori Ohba
- Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takashi Karatsu
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Martin J Hollamby
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST55BG, UK
| | - Nobutaka Shimizu
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Hideaki Takagi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Adachi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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23
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Yamauchi M, Adhikari B, Prabhu DD, Lin X, Karatsu T, Ohba T, Shimizu N, Takagi H, Haruki R, Adachi SI, Kajitani T, Fukushima T, Yagai S. Back Cover: Supramolecular Polymerization of Supermacrocycles: Effect of Molecular Conformations on Kinetics and Morphology (Chem. Eur. J. 22/2017). Chemistry 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuaki Yamauchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Bimalendu Adhikari
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Deepak D. Prabhu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Takashi Karatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Tomonori Ohba
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Nobutaka Shimizu
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; 1-1, Oho Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Hideaki Takagi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; 1-1, Oho Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; 1-1, Oho Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Adachi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; 1-1, Oho Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Takashi Kajitani
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center; 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
| | - Takanori Fukushima
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
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24
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Yamauchi M, Adhikari B, Prabhu DD, Lin X, Karatsu T, Ohba T, Shimizu N, Takagi H, Haruki R, Adachi SI, Kajitani T, Fukushima T, Yagai S. Supramolecular Polymerization of Supermacrocycles: Effect of Molecular Conformations on Kinetics and Morphology. Chemistry 2017; 23:5270-5280. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuaki Yamauchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Bimalendu Adhikari
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Deepak D. Prabhu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Takashi Karatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Tomonori Ohba
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Nobutaka Shimizu
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; 1-1, Oho Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Hideaki Takagi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; 1-1, Oho Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; 1-1, Oho Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Adachi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; 1-1, Oho Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Takashi Kajitani
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center; 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
| | - Takanori Fukushima
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
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25
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Takai A, Freas DJ, Suzuki T, Sugimoto M, Labuta J, Haruki R, Kumai R, Adachi SI, Sakai H, Hasobe T, Matsushita Y, Takeuchi M. The effect of a highly twisted CC double bond on the electronic structures of 9,9′-bifluorenylidene derivatives in the ground and excited states. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00125h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A highly twisted CC double bond elicits changes in the physicochemical properties of π-systems.
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26
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Higashibayashi S, Pandit P, Haruki R, Adachi SI, Kumai R. Redox-Dependent Transformation of a Hydrazinobuckybowl between Curved and Planar Geometries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:10830-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201605340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Palash Pandit
- Institute for Molecular Science; Myodaiji Okazaki 444-8787 Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory; Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Adachi
- Photon Factory; Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Reiji Kumai
- Photon Factory; Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
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27
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Higashibayashi S, Pandit P, Haruki R, Adachi SI, Kumai R. Redox-Dependent Transformation of a Hydrazinobuckybowl between Curved and Planar Geometries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201605340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Palash Pandit
- Institute for Molecular Science; Myodaiji Okazaki 444-8787 Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory; Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Adachi
- Photon Factory; Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Reiji Kumai
- Photon Factory; Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
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28
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Kishimoto S, Mitsui T, Haruki R, Yoda Y, Taniguchi T, Shimazaki S, Ikeno M, Saito M, Tanaka M. Nuclear resonant scattering measurements on (57)Fe by multichannel scaling with a 64-pixel silicon avalanche photodiode linear-array detector. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:113102. [PMID: 25430093 DOI: 10.1063/1.4900862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We developed a silicon avalanche photodiode (Si-APD) linear-array detector for use in nuclear resonant scattering experiments using synchrotron X-rays. The Si-APD linear array consists of 64 pixels (pixel size: 100 × 200 μm(2)) with a pixel pitch of 150 μm and depletion depth of 10 μm. An ultrafast frontend circuit allows the X-ray detector to obtain a high output rate of >10(7) cps per pixel. High-performance integrated circuits achieve multichannel scaling over 1024 continuous time bins with a 1 ns resolution for each pixel without dead time. The multichannel scaling method enabled us to record a time spectrum of the 14.4 keV nuclear radiation at each pixel with a time resolution of 1.4 ns (FWHM). This method was successfully applied to nuclear forward scattering and nuclear small-angle scattering on (57)Fe.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kishimoto
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, KEK, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - T Mitsui
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, JAEA, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - R Haruki
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, KEK, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Y Yoda
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - T Taniguchi
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, KEK, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - S Shimazaki
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, KEK, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - M Ikeno
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, KEK, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - M Saito
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, KEK, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - M Tanaka
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, KEK, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
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Furukawa S, Hirai K, Nakagawa K, Takashima Y, Matsuda R, Tsuruoka T, Kondo M, Haruki R, Tanaka D, Sakamoto H, Shimomura S, Sakata O, Kitagawa S. Titelbild: Heterogeneously Hybridized Porous Coordination Polymer Crystals: Fabrication of Heterometallic Core-Shell Single Crystals with an In-Plane Rotational Epitaxial Relationship (Angew. Chem. 10/2009). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200990042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Furukawa S, Hirai K, Nakagawa K, Takashima Y, Matsuda R, Tsuruoka T, Kondo M, Haruki R, Tanaka D, Sakamoto H, Shimomura S, Sakata O, Kitagawa S. Cover Picture: Heterogeneously Hybridized Porous Coordination Polymer Crystals: Fabrication of Heterometallic Core-Shell Single Crystals with an In-Plane Rotational Epitaxial Relationship (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 10/2009). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200990041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Furukawa S, Hirai K, Nakagawa K, Takashima Y, Matsuda R, Tsuruoka T, Kondo M, Haruki R, Tanaka D, Sakamoto H, Shimomura S, Sakata O, Kitagawa S. Heterogeneously Hybridized Porous Coordination Polymer Crystals: Fabrication of Heterometallic Core-Shell Single Crystals with an In-Plane Rotational Epitaxial Relationship. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:1766-70. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200804836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Furukawa S, Hirai K, Nakagawa K, Takashima Y, Matsuda R, Tsuruoka T, Kondo M, Haruki R, Tanaka D, Sakamoto H, Shimomura S, Sakata O, Kitagawa S. Heterogeneously Hybridized Porous Coordination Polymer Crystals: Fabrication of Heterometallic Core-Shell Single Crystals with an In-Plane Rotational Epitaxial Relationship. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200804836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kanaizuka K, Haruki R, Sakata O, Yoshimoto M, Akita Y, Kitagawa H. Construction of Highly Oriented Crystalline Surface Coordination Polymers Composed of Copper Dithiooxamide Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:15778-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja806799t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Kanaizuka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo, Japan, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute/SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan, and Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo, Japan, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute/SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan, and Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Osami Sakata
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo, Japan, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute/SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan, and Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mamoru Yoshimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo, Japan, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute/SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan, and Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Akita
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo, Japan, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute/SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan, and Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo, Japan, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute/SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan, and Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
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Haruki R, Sakata O, Yamada T, Kanaizuka K, Makiura R, Akita Y, Yoshimoto M, Kitagawa H. Structural study of an iron oxalate and a copper rubeanate layer on an ultra-smooth sapphire c-face. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308087205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Haruki R, Sakata O, Yamada T, Kanaizuka K, Makiura R, Akita Y, Yoshimoto M, Kitagawa H. Structural Evaluation of an Iron Oxalate Complex Layer Grown on an Ultra-smooth Sapphire (0001) Surface by a Wet Method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.14723/tmrsj.33.629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Tajiri T, Sumitani K, Haruki R, Kohno A. Preferred crystal orientation of sol-gel-derived Bi4-xLaxTi3O12 thin films on silicon substrates. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control 2007; 54:2574-2578. [PMID: 18276557 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2007.579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Polycrystalline thin films of La-substituted bismuth titanate (BLT) were formed directly on p-type Si(100) substrates by using sol-gel and spin coat methods. The BLT film and interfacial layer between BLT and Si were quantitatively investigated by the X-ray reflectivity method. Also, crystal orientations of sub-100-nm-thick BLT thin films were confirmed by X-ray diffraction using a synchrotron radiation source. The preferred c-axis orientation normal to the surface depended on the crystallization temperature. The difference in the preferred c-axis orientations of the BLT films caused the difference in the hysteresis voltage width in the capacitance-voltage characteristics of Au/BLT/p-Si structures. Furthermore, the c-axis of the Bilayered structure was preferentially oriented and aligned in the in-plane direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Tajiri
- Department of Applied Physics, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Seto M, Kitao S, Kobayashi Y, Haruki R, Yoda Y, Mitsui T, Ishikawa T. Site-specific phonon density of states discerned using electronic states. Phys Rev Lett 2003; 91:185505. [PMID: 14611292 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.185505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We have performed the measurement of the site-specific phonon densities of states (PDOS) discerned using electronic states. As far as we know, no general method could give the site-specific PDOS, although oscillating properties of the individual atoms in nonequivalent positions are not necessarily equivalent. However, the combination of the energy and time domain measurements of the nuclear resonant scattering of synchrotron radiation allows the identification of site-specific PDOS. We measured the site-specific PDOS of iron atoms in magnetite, which is a mixed valent compound, and the difference between partial phonon densities of the iron sites was clearly observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Seto
- Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
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Kishimoto S, Yoda Y, Seto M, Kobayashi Y, Kitao S, Haruki R, Kawauchi T, Fukutani K, Okano T. Observation of nuclear excitation by electron transition in 197Au with synchrotron X rays and an avalanche photodiode. Phys Rev Lett 2000; 85:1831-1834. [PMID: 10970625 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.1831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We have succeeded in observing nuclear excitation by electron transition (NEET) in 197Au by a new method. Monochromatic x-rays of synchrotron radiation were used to ionize the K shell of gold atoms in a target foil. The internal-conversion electrons emitted from excited nuclei were detected with a silicon avalanche photodiode. At a photon energy of 80.989 keV, the NEET probability in 197Au was determined to be (5.0+/-0.6)x10(-8) from a comparison of the event number per photon between NEET and the nuclear resonance at 77.351 keV.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kishimoto
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
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Seto M, Kitao S, Kobayashi Y, Haruki R, Mitsui T, Yoda Y, Zhang XW, Maeda Y. Nuclear resonance scattering of synchrotron radiation by 40K. Phys Rev Lett 2000; 84:566-569. [PMID: 11015965 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We have observed the excitation of the 29.83 keV nuclear level of the radioactive 40K nuclide, which level is not populated by any radioactive source, by synchrotron radiation for the first time. The absolute energy of the level of 29.834+/-0.011 keV and the half-life of 4.13+/-0.12 ns were obtained from our measurements. Our success in observing the nuclear excitation of radioactive 40K in a KCl powder sample shows the possibility for study of the local vibrational states and the electronic states of potassium in various areas of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Seto
- Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan and Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Mikazuki-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
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