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Sahu B, Pani S, Swalsingh G, Senapati U, Pani P, Pati B, Rout S, Trivedi R, Raj R, Dey S, Jeet A, Kumar D, Bal NC. Long-term physical inactivity induces significant changes in biochemical pathways related to metabolism of proteins and glycerophospholipids in mice. Mol Omics 2024; 20:64-77. [PMID: 37909389 DOI: 10.1039/d3mo00127j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Physical inactivity affects multiple organ systems, including the musculoskeletal system, which upsets the delicate balance of several secretory factors leading to metabolic derailment. This reduces contractile recruitment of the skeletal muscle with dampening of its oxidative capacity resulting in impaired intramuscular lipid metabolism and substrate utilization. We hypothesized that this altered phenotype would also have an indispensable effect on circulatory cytokines and the level of metabolic intermediates. In this study, comparison between sedentary (SED) and exercised (EXER) animal models showed that organismal metabolic parameters (body mass, oxygen utilization and glucose tolerance) are altered based on physical activity. Our data suggest that cytokines linked to glycemic excursions (insulin, c-peptide, glucagon) and their passive regulators (leptin, BDNF, active ghrelin, and GIP) exhibit changes in the SED group. Furthermore, some of the proinflammatory cytokines and myokines were upregulated in SED. Interestingly, serum metabolite analysis showed that the levels of glucogenic amino acids (alanine, glycine, tryptophan, proline and valine), nitrogenous amino acids (ornithine, asparagine, and glutamine) and myogenic metabolites (taurine, creatine) were altered due to the level of physical activity. A pyrimidine nucleoside (uridine), lipid metabolite (glycerol) and ketone bodies (acetoacetate and acetate) were found to be altered in SED. A Spearman rank correlation study between SED and CTRL showed that cytokines build a deformed network with metabolites in SED, indicating significant modifications in amino acids, phosphatidylinositol phosphate and glycerophospholipid metabolic pathways. Overall, long-term physical inactivity reorganizes the profile of proinflammatory cytokines, glucose sensing hormones, and protein and glycerophospholipid metabolism, which might be the initial factors of metabolic diseases due to SED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijayashree Sahu
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
| | - Sunil Pani
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
| | | | - Unmod Senapati
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
| | - Punyadhara Pani
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
| | - Benudhara Pati
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
| | - Subhasmita Rout
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
| | - Rimjhim Trivedi
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India.
| | - Ritu Raj
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India.
| | - Suchanda Dey
- SOA University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Amar Jeet
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India.
| | - Naresh C Bal
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
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Srivastava J, Trivedi R, Saxena P, Yadav S, Gupta R, Nityanand S, Kumar D, Chaturvedi CP. Bone marrow plasma metabonomics of idiopathic acquired aplastic anemia patients using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Metabolomics 2023; 19:94. [PMID: 37975930 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-02056-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Idiopathic acquired aplastic anemia (AA) is a bone marrow failure disorder where aberrant T-cell functions lead to depletion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. T-cells undergo metabolic rewiring, which regulates their proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, studying metabolic variation in AA patients may aid us with a better understanding of the T-cell regulatory pathways governed by metabolites and their pathological engagement in the disease. OBJECTIVE To identify the differential metabolites in BM plasma of AA patients, AA follow-up (AAF) in comparison to normal controls (NC) and to identify potential disease biomarker(s). METHODS The study used 1D 1H NMR Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) spectra to identify the metabolites present in the BM plasma samples of AA (n = 40), AAF (n = 16), and NC (n = 20). Metabolic differences between the groups and predictive biomarkers were identified by using multivariate analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) module of Metaboanalyst V5.0 tool, respectively. RESULTS The AA and AAF samples were well discriminated from NC group as per Principal Component analysis (PCA). Further, we found significant alteration in the levels of 17 metabolites in AA involved in amino-acid (Leucine, serine, threonine, phenylalanine, lysine, histidine, valine, tyrosine, and proline), carbohydrate (Glucose, lactate and mannose), fatty acid (Acetate, glycerol myo-inositol and citrate), and purine metabolism (hypoxanthine) in comparison to NC. Additionally, biomarker analysis predicted Hypoxanthine and Acetate can be used as a potential biomarker. CONCLUSION The study highlights the significant metabolic alterations in the BM plasma of AA patients which may have implication in the disease pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotika Srivastava
- Department of Hematology, Stem Cell Research Centre, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Barely Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India
| | - Rimjhim Trivedi
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Rae Barely Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Pragati Saxena
- Department of Hematology, Stem Cell Research Centre, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Barely Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India
| | - Sanjeev Yadav
- Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Barely Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India
| | - Ruchi Gupta
- Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Barely Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India
| | - Soniya Nityanand
- Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Barely Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Rae Barely Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
| | - Chandra P Chaturvedi
- Department of Hematology, Stem Cell Research Centre, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Barely Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India.
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Trivedi R, John J, Ghodke A, Trivedi J, Munigangaiah S, Dheerendra S, Balain B, Ockendon M, Kuiper J. Intrathecal morphine in combination with bupivacaine as pre-emptive analgesia in posterior lumbar fusion surgery: a retrospective cohort study. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:241. [PMID: 35436917 PMCID: PMC9017052 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03124-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of intrathecal morphine (ITM) in combination with bupivacaine as pre-emptive analgesia in patients undergoing posterior lumbar fusion surgery. This is in comparison with traditional opioid analgesics such as intravenous (IV) morphine. Methods Two groups were identified retrospectively. The first (ITM group) included patients who had general anaesthesia (GA) with low-dose spinal anaesthesia prior to induction using 1–4 mls of 0.25% bupivacaine and 0.2 mg ITM. 1 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine was administered per hour of predicted surgery time, up to a maximum of 4 ml. The insertion level for the spinal anaesthetic corresponded to the spinal level of the iliac crest line and the level at which the spinal cord terminated. The control group had GA without any spinal anaesthesia. Patients were instead administered opioid analgesia in the form of IV morphine or diamorphine. The primary outcome was the consumption of opioids administered intraoperatively and in recovery, and over the first 48 h following discharge from the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU). Total opioid dose was measured, and a morphine equivalent dose was calculated. Secondary outcomes included visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores in recovery and at day two postoperatively, and the length of stay in hospital. Results For the ITM group, the median total amount of IV morphine equivalent administered intraoperatively and in recovery, was 0 mg versus 17 mg. The median total amount morphine equivalent, administered over the first 48 h following discharge from PACU was 20 mg versus 80 mg. Both are in comparison with the control group. The median length of stay was over 1 day less and the median VAS for pain in recovery was 6 points lower. No evidence was found for a difference in the worst VAS for pain at day two postoperatively. Conclusion ITM in combination with bupivacaine results in a significantly decreased use of perioperative opioids. In addition, length of hospital stay is reduced and so too is patient perceived pain intensity. Trial registration The study was approved by the ethics committee at The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital as a service improvement project (Approval no. 1617_004).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Trivedi
- The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Gobowen, Oswestry, SY10 7AG, UK.
| | - J John
- The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Gobowen, Oswestry, SY10 7AG, UK
| | - A Ghodke
- The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Gobowen, Oswestry, SY10 7AG, UK
| | - J Trivedi
- The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Gobowen, Oswestry, SY10 7AG, UK
| | - S Munigangaiah
- The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Gobowen, Oswestry, SY10 7AG, UK
| | - S Dheerendra
- The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Gobowen, Oswestry, SY10 7AG, UK
| | - B Balain
- The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Gobowen, Oswestry, SY10 7AG, UK
| | - M Ockendon
- The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Gobowen, Oswestry, SY10 7AG, UK
| | - J Kuiper
- The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Gobowen, Oswestry, SY10 7AG, UK
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Bhardwaj K, Verma N, Trivedi R, Singh R, Bhardwaj S. Optimized dosage of vegan source blended omega3 and omega 6 fatty acids improves circadian variability of blood pressure and lipid profile in patients with essential hypertension and coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Patel R, Chua K, Trivedi R, Greenberg P, Varughese J. Do Gynecologic Surgeons Overprescribe Opioid Pain Medications after Minimally Invasive Surgery? J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2020.08.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Pereda J, Mota FL, Debierre JM, Billia B, Trivedi R, Karma A, Bergeon N. Experimental characterization and theoretical analysis of cell tip oscillations in directional solidification. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:032804. [PMID: 33075934 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.032804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Experiments performed in DECLIC-DSI on board the International Space Station evidenced oscillatory modes during the directional solidification of a bulk sample of succinonitrile-based transparent alloy. The interferometric data acquired during a reference experiment, V_{p}=1 μm/s and G=19 K/cm, allowed us to reconstruct the cell shape and thus measure the cell tip position, radius, and growth velocity evolution, in order to quantify the dynamics of the oscillating cells. This study completes our previous reports [Bergeon et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 226102 (2013)10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.226102; Tourret et al., Phys. Rev. E 92, 042401 (2015)10.1103/PhysRevE.92.042401; Pereda et al., Phys. Rev. E 95, 012803 (2017)10.1103/PhysRevE.95.012803] with, to our knowledge, the first complete monitoring of the geometric cell tip characteristics variations in bulk samples. The evolution of the shape, velocity, and position of the tip of the oscillating cells is associated with an evolution of the concentration field, inaccessible experimentally but mediating the diffusive interactions between the cells. The experimental results are supported by 3D phase-field simulations which evidence the existence of transversal solute fluxes between neighboring cells that play a fundamental role in the oscillation dynamics. The dynamics of oscillation of an individual cell is analyzed using a theoretical model based on classical equations of solidification through the calculation of the phase relationships between oscillation of the different tip characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pereda
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Université de Toulon, IM2NP UMR 7334, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - F L Mota
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Université de Toulon, IM2NP UMR 7334, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - J-M Debierre
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Université de Toulon, IM2NP UMR 7334, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - B Billia
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Université de Toulon, IM2NP UMR 7334, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - R Trivedi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA
| | - A Karma
- Department of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Complex Systems, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - N Bergeon
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Université de Toulon, IM2NP UMR 7334, 13397 Marseille, France
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7
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Thakkar N, Trivedi R, Greenberg P, Ramagopal M. 0958 The Prevalence of Depression in Children With Chronic Sleep and Respiratory Disorders. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
In 2017, 13.3% of US adolescents aged 12 to 17 had at least one major depressive episode (NIMH, 2019). The risk of depression is higher in children with sleep apnea, and children with depression or anxiety have a 1.2-1.8 times higher rate of asthma related ED visits. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of depression symptoms in children with chronic disorders. We hypothesized that subjects with sleep disorders would have a higher prevalence of positive depression scores than subjects with respiratory disease, and that the prevalence would be highest in subjects with both conditions.
Methods
The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was administered to children between the ages of 12 and 18 to screen for depression as part of a pulmonary or sleep clinic visit. Each patient’s PHQ-9 results were scored as normal, mild, moderate, or severe for levels of depression severity. Additionally, a chart review was conducted to gather their demographic and clinical data.
Results
Of a total of 87 subjects,71 (81.6%) had a respiratory disorder and 40 (46.0%) subjects had a sleep disorder. Due to the amount of overlap of respiratory and sleep disorders amongst the subjects, depression severity rather than chronic disease was chosen as the primary outcome. Using multiple linear regression, when all other factors were held constant, the average depression score increased by 5.0 when patients had a combination of asthma and obstructive sleep apnea (p-value = 0.02) and also increased by 2.4 for subjects who were female (p-value = 0.01).
Conclusion
It is important to identify depression in children with chronic illness, as it can lead to higher healthcare utilization. Additionally, as mental health status may significantly impact health outcomes for patients with chronic disease, it would be beneficial to evaluate mental health in all pediatric patients with chronic disease. However, further research is needed to investigate these associations.
Support
None
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Affiliation(s)
- N Thakkar
- RUTGERS-ROBERT WOOD JOHNSON MEDICAL SCHOOL, NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ
| | - R Trivedi
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Services Center, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ
| | - P Greenberg
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Services Center, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ
| | - M Ramagopal
- RUTGERS-ROBERT WOOD JOHNSON MEDICAL SCHOOL, NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ
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Trivedi R, Pukhraj A, Mehta R, Risbud R. IMPROVING HEART FAILURE MANAGEMENT THROUGH THE UTILIZATION OF CAREMAPS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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9
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Schwartz R, Trivedi R, Lorenz K, Zulman D. NEUROLOGIST STRATEGIES FOR OPTIMIZING THE PARKINSON’S DISEASE CLINICAL ENCOUNTER. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.1856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Schwartz
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System & Stanford School of Medicine
| | | | | | - D Zulman
- Stanford University School of Medicine
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Schwartz R, Zulman D, Gray C, Trivedi R. “IT’S A DISEASE OF FAMILIES”: NEUROLOGISTS’ INSIGHTS ON HOW PARKINSON’S DISEASE AFFECTS FAMILY DYNAMICS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Schwartz
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System & Stanford School of Medicine
| | - D Zulman
- Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - C Gray
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System
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Maki K, Palacios O, Buggia M, Trivedi R, Dicklin M, Maki C. A Randomized, Crossover Study To Assess The Relative Bioavailability of Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acids from a Novel Dietary Supplement Formulation in Healthy Men and Women. J Acad Nutr Diet 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.08.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- V.K. Kashyap
- Centre of Excellence in Biological Sciences, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, 30 Gorachand Road, Kolkata 700 014, West Bengal, India
| | - T. Sitalaximi
- Centre of Excellence in Biological Sciences, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, 30 Gorachand Road, Kolkata 700 014, West Bengal, India
| | - P. Chattopadhyay
- Centre of Excellence in Biological Sciences, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, 30 Gorachand Road, Kolkata 700 014, West Bengal, India
| | - R. Trivedi
- Centre of Excellence in Biological Sciences, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, 30 Gorachand Road, Kolkata 700 014, West Bengal, India
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Trivedi R, Sahoo S, Singh A, Bindu GH, Banerjee J, Tandon M, Gaikwad S, Rajkumar R, Sitalaximi T, Ashma R, Chainy G, Kashyap V. Genetic Imprints of Pleistocene Origin of Indian Populations: A Comprehensive Phylogeographic Sketch of Indian Y-Chromosomes. INT J HUM GENET 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09723757.2008.11886023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Trivedi
- National DNA Analysis Centre, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, 30, Gorachand Road, Kolkata 700 014, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanghamitra Sahoo
- National DNA Analysis Centre, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, 30, Gorachand Road, Kolkata 700 014, West Bengal, India
- National Institute of Biologicals, A-32, Sector 62, Institutional Area, Noida 201307, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anamika Singh
- National DNA Analysis Centre, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, 30, Gorachand Road, Kolkata 700 014, West Bengal, India
| | - G. Hima Bindu
- National DNA Analysis Centre, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, 30, Gorachand Road, Kolkata 700 014, West Bengal, India
| | - Jheelam Banerjee
- National DNA Analysis Centre, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, 30, Gorachand Road, Kolkata 700 014, West Bengal, India
| | - Manuj Tandon
- National DNA Analysis Centre, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, 30, Gorachand Road, Kolkata 700 014, West Bengal, India
| | - Sonali Gaikwad
- National DNA Analysis Centre, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, 30, Gorachand Road, Kolkata 700 014, West Bengal, India
| | - Revathi Rajkumar
- National DNA Analysis Centre, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, 30, Gorachand Road, Kolkata 700 014, West Bengal, India
| | - T. Sitalaximi
- National DNA Analysis Centre, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, 30, Gorachand Road, Kolkata 700 014, West Bengal, India
| | - Richa Ashma
- National DNA Analysis Centre, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, 30, Gorachand Road, Kolkata 700 014, West Bengal, India
| | - G.B.N. Chainy
- PG Department of Biotechnology, Vani Vihar, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751 004, Orissa, India
| | - V.K. Kashyap
- National DNA Analysis Centre, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, 30, Gorachand Road, Kolkata 700 014, West Bengal, India
- National Institute of Biologicals, A-32, Sector 62, Institutional Area, Noida 201307, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Ranjan D, Kashyap V, Trivedi R, Vasulu T. Genomic Diversity in North-East, India: Genetic Relationship Among Five Ethnic Populations From Manipur Based on VNTR Polymorphism. INT J HUM GENET 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09723757.2003.11885823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dutta Ranjan
- DNA Typing Unit, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Kolkata 700 014, West Bengal, India
| | - V.K. Kashyap
- DNA Typing Unit, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Kolkata 700 014, West Bengal, India
| | - R. Trivedi
- DNA Typing Unit, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Kolkata 700 014, West Bengal, India
| | - T.S. Vasulu
- Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata 700 108, West Bengal, India
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Kashyap V, T S, Sarkar B, Trivedi R. Molecular Relatedness of The Aboriginal Groups of Andaman and Nicobar Islands with Similar Ethnic Populations. INT J HUM GENET 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09723757.2003.11885820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V.K. Kashyap
- Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Kolkata, India
| | - Sitalaximi T
- Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Kolkata, India
| | - B.N. Sarkar
- Anthropological Survey of India, 27, Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - R. Trivedi
- Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Kolkata, India
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Tandon M, Vasulu T, Trivedi R, Kashyap V. Genetic Affinity Between Two Ethnically Diverse Caste Groups of North India: A Study Based Upon 15 Microsatellite Loci. INT J HUM GENET 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09723757.2004.11885866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Tandon
- DNA Typing Unit, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Kolkata, India
| | - T.S. Vasulu
- Anthropology and Human Genetics Unit, Indian statistical Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - R. Trivedi
- DNA Typing Unit, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Kolkata, India
| | - V.K. Kashyap
- DNA Typing Unit, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Kolkata, India
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Trivedi R, Scott S, Bouldin E, Aikens J, Piette J. MECHANISMS OF CHANGE IN A CAREPARTNER MOBILE HEALTH INTERVENTION FOR VETERANS WITH HEART FAILURE. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.1172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R. Trivedi
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, California,
- Stanford University, Palo Alto, California,
| | | | - E. Bouldin
- Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina,
| | - J.E. Aikens
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,
| | - J. Piette
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,
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Dandekar M, Trivedi R, Irawati N, Prabhash K, Gupta S, Agarwal JP, D'Cruz AK. Barriers in conducting clinical trials in oncology in the developing world: A cross-sectional survey of oncologists. Indian J Cancer 2017; 53:174-7. [PMID: 27146772 DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.180865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several obstacles impede oncologists from performing clinical trials in the developing world. This study aimed to identify these barriers in order of importance and suggest possible remedial measures. MATERIALS AND METHODS Design - cross-sectional survey. Two part questionnaire capturing experience of oncologists in practice and conducting trials (Part 1) and perceived barriers pertaining to investigator (training, time), patient (strict follow-up protocol), infrastructure (funds) and professional environment (encouragement from seniors) (Part 2) were administered to oncologists in two different settings: (1) Online portal (Survey Monkey) (2) In person during a national conference (Best of American Society of Clinical Oncology). Responses were captured on a Likert scale (1-5). RESULTS (436/3021) 14.04% responded. A total of 313 (71.8%) had experience in conducting trials, but these were mainly industry-sponsored or small nonpractice changing studies. Lack of patient follow-up was the most significant barrier (inter quartile range [IQR] 4-5) followed by inadequate training, time and funds (IQR 2-5) and lack of encouragement (IQR 2-4) in decreasing order of frequency. Lack of adequate training was a barrier across all specialties (113 [71.97%] radiation oncologists, 71 [60.68%] medical oncologists and 73 [71.56%] surgical oncologists). More than half of the respondents without experience in clinical trials worked in academic institutions (50.48%). They perceived time constraint as a barrier more than their counterparts into private practice (175/242 [72.31%] vs. 119/177 [66.47%] respectively). CONCLUSION Inability to maintain patient follow-up, lack of protected time and funds, inadequate training were the most significant barriers. Most of these can be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - A K D'Cruz
- Department of Head Neck Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Gupta N, Giblin E, Leagre C, Longmire-Cook S, Tigges T, Compton J, Dugan T, liebross R, Givens S, Schmidt K, Paul R, Trivedi R, Smith B, Reeves D, Hanson J, Schmidt T. Abstract P5-16-12: Pertuzumab and trastuzumab in combination with weekly paclitaxel delivers high pCR rates with favourable toxicity profile in neo-adjuvant treatment of Her-2 positive breast cancer. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p5-16-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This abstract was not presented at the symposium.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Gupta
- St. Vincent Cancer Care, St Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, IN
| | - E Giblin
- St. Vincent Cancer Care, St Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, IN
| | - C Leagre
- St. Vincent Cancer Care, St Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, IN
| | - S Longmire-Cook
- St. Vincent Cancer Care, St Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, IN
| | - T Tigges
- St. Vincent Cancer Care, St Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, IN
| | - J Compton
- St. Vincent Cancer Care, St Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, IN
| | - T Dugan
- St. Vincent Cancer Care, St Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, IN
| | - R liebross
- St. Vincent Cancer Care, St Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, IN
| | - S Givens
- St. Vincent Cancer Care, St Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, IN
| | - K Schmidt
- St. Vincent Cancer Care, St Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, IN
| | - R Paul
- St. Vincent Cancer Care, St Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, IN
| | - R Trivedi
- St. Vincent Cancer Care, St Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, IN
| | - B Smith
- St. Vincent Cancer Care, St Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, IN
| | - D Reeves
- St. Vincent Cancer Care, St Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, IN
| | - J Hanson
- St. Vincent Cancer Care, St Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, IN
| | - T Schmidt
- St. Vincent Cancer Care, St Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, IN
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Pereda J, Mota FL, Chen L, Billia B, Tourret D, Song Y, Debierre JM, Guérin R, Karma A, Trivedi R, Bergeon N. Experimental observation of oscillatory cellular patterns in three-dimensional directional solidification. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:012803. [PMID: 28208400 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.012803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We present a detailed analysis of oscillatory modes during three-dimensional cellular growth in a diffusive transport regime. We ground our analysis primarily on in situ observations of directional solidification experiments of a transparent succinonitrile 0.24wt% camphor alloy performed in microgravity conditions onboard the International Space Station. This study completes our previous reports [Bergeon et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 226102 (2013)10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.226102; Tourret et al., Phys. Rev. E 92, 042401 (2015)10.1103/PhysRevE.92.042401] from an experimental perspective, and results are supported by additional phase-field simulations. We analyze the influence of growth parameters, crystal orientation, and sample history on promoting oscillations, and on their spatiotemporal characteristics. Cellular patterns display a remarkably uniform oscillation period throughout the entire array, despite a high array disorder and a wide distribution of primary spacing. Oscillation inhibition may be associated to crystalline disorientation, which stems from polygonization and is manifested as pattern drifting. We determine a drifting velocity threshold above which oscillations are inhibited, thereby demonstrating that inhibition is due to cell drifting and not directly to disorientation, and also explaining the suppression of oscillations when the pulling velocity history favors drifting. Furthermore, we show that the array disorder prevents long-range coherence of oscillations, but not short-range coherence in localized ordered regions. For regions of a few cells exhibiting hexagonal (square) ordering, three (two) subarrays oscillate with a phase shift of approximately ±120^{∘} (180^{∘}), with square ordering occurring preferentially near subgrain boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pereda
- Institut Matériaux Microélectronique Nanosciences de Provence, Aix-Marseille Université and CNRS UMR 7334, Campus Saint-Jérôme, Case 142, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - F L Mota
- Institut Matériaux Microélectronique Nanosciences de Provence, Aix-Marseille Université and CNRS UMR 7334, Campus Saint-Jérôme, Case 142, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - L Chen
- Institut Matériaux Microélectronique Nanosciences de Provence, Aix-Marseille Université and CNRS UMR 7334, Campus Saint-Jérôme, Case 142, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - B Billia
- Institut Matériaux Microélectronique Nanosciences de Provence, Aix-Marseille Université and CNRS UMR 7334, Campus Saint-Jérôme, Case 142, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - D Tourret
- Department of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Complex Systems, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Y Song
- Department of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Complex Systems, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - J-M Debierre
- Institut Matériaux Microélectronique Nanosciences de Provence, Aix-Marseille Université and CNRS UMR 7334, Campus Saint-Jérôme, Case 142, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - R Guérin
- Institut Matériaux Microélectronique Nanosciences de Provence, Aix-Marseille Université and CNRS UMR 7334, Campus Saint-Jérôme, Case 142, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - A Karma
- Department of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Complex Systems, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - R Trivedi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA
| | - N Bergeon
- Institut Matériaux Microélectronique Nanosciences de Provence, Aix-Marseille Université and CNRS UMR 7334, Campus Saint-Jérôme, Case 142, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
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Tourret D, Debierre JM, Song Y, Mota FL, Bergeon N, Guérin R, Trivedi R, Billia B, Karma A. Oscillatory cellular patterns in three-dimensional directional solidification. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2015; 92:042401. [PMID: 26565251 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.92.042401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present a phase-field study of oscillatory breathing modes observed during the solidification of three-dimensional cellular arrays in microgravity. Directional solidification experiments conducted onboard the International Space Station have allowed us to observe spatially extended homogeneous arrays of cells and dendrites while minimizing the amount of gravity-induced convection in the liquid. In situ observations of transparent alloys have revealed the existence, over a narrow range of control parameters, of oscillations in cellular arrays with a period ranging from about 25 to 125 min. Cellular patterns are spatially disordered, and the oscillations of individual cells are spatiotemporally uncorrelated at long distance. However, in regions displaying short-range spatial ordering, groups of cells can synchronize into oscillatory breathing modes. Quantitative phase-field simulations show that the oscillatory behavior of cells in this regime is linked to a stability limit of the spacing in hexagonal cellular array structures. For relatively high cellular front undercooling (i.e., low growth velocity or high thermal gradient), a gap appears in the otherwise continuous range of stable array spacings. Close to this gap, a sustained oscillatory regime appears with a period that compares quantitatively well with experiment. For control parameters where this gap exists, oscillations typically occur for spacings at the edge of the gap. However, after a change of growth conditions, oscillations can also occur for nearby values of control parameters where this gap just closes and a continuous range of spacings exists. In addition, sustained oscillations at to the opening of this stable gap exhibit a slow periodic modulation of the phase-shift among cells with a slower period of several hours. While long-range coherence of breathing modes can be achieved in simulations for a perfect spatial arrangement of cells as initial condition, global disorder is observed in both three-dimensional experiments and simulations from realistic noisy initial conditions. In the latter case, erratic tip-splitting events promoted by large-amplitude oscillations contribute to maintaining the long-range array disorder, unlike in thin-sample experiments where long-range coherence of oscillations is experimentally observable.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tourret
- Department of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Complex Systems, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - J-M Debierre
- Institut Matériaux Microélectronique Nanosciences de Provence, Aix-Marseille Université and CNRS UMR 7334, Campus Saint-Jérôme, Case 142, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Y Song
- Department of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Complex Systems, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - F L Mota
- Institut Matériaux Microélectronique Nanosciences de Provence, Aix-Marseille Université and CNRS UMR 7334, Campus Saint-Jérôme, Case 142, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - N Bergeon
- Institut Matériaux Microélectronique Nanosciences de Provence, Aix-Marseille Université and CNRS UMR 7334, Campus Saint-Jérôme, Case 142, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - R Guérin
- Institut Matériaux Microélectronique Nanosciences de Provence, Aix-Marseille Université and CNRS UMR 7334, Campus Saint-Jérôme, Case 142, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - R Trivedi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA
| | - B Billia
- Institut Matériaux Microélectronique Nanosciences de Provence, Aix-Marseille Université and CNRS UMR 7334, Campus Saint-Jérôme, Case 142, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - A Karma
- Department of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Complex Systems, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Koundal S, Gandhi S, Kaur T, Trivedi R, Khushu S. Investigation of prolonged hypobaric hypoxia-induced change in rat brain using T2 relaxometry and diffusion tensor imaging at 7T. Neuroscience 2015; 289:106-13. [PMID: 25592421 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study examines the change in water diffusion properties of the corpus callosum (CC) and the hippocampus, in response to prolonged hypobaric hypoxia (HH) stress, using in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modalities such as T2 relaxometry and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Three groups of rats (n=7/group) were exposed to a simulated altitude of 6700m above sea level for the duration of 7, 14 and 21days, respectively. Data were acquired pre-exposure, post-exposure and after 1week of normoxic follow-up in each group. The increment in T2 values with no apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) change in the CC after 7 and 14days of HH exposure indicated mixed (vasogenic and cytotoxic) edema formation. After 1week of normoxia, 7-day HH-exposed rats showed a decrease in ADC values in the CC, probably due to cytotoxic edema. A delayed decrease in ADC values was observed in the hippocampus after 1week normoxic follow-up in 7- and 14-day HH groups giving an insight of cytotoxic edema formation. Interestingly, 21-day HH-exposed rats did not show change in ADC values. The decrease in T2 values after 14 and 21days in the hippocampal region depicts iron deposition, which was confirmed by histopathology. This study successfully demonstrated the use of MRI modality to trace water diffusion changes in the brain due to prolonged HH exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koundal
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India; Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Gandhi
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - T Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - R Trivedi
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - S Khushu
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India.
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Singh S, Trivedi R, Singh K, Kumar P, Shankar LR, Khushu S. Diffusion tensor tractography in hypothyroidism and its correlation with memory function. J Neuroendocrinol 2014; 26:825-33. [PMID: 25131823 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) was performed to determine the microstructural changes in the white matter fibre tracts of hypothyroid patients compared to controls and to correlate these changes with memory dysfunction scores. DTT and Postgraduate Institute Memory Scale test were performed in eight hypothyroid patients and eight healthy controls. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures [fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD)] from all of the major cerebral tracts were calculated and a comparison was made between the patient group and controls. Pearson's correlation was performed between Memory Dysfunction score and DTI measures. Significant changes in DTI measures were observed in various white matter fibre tracts in hypothyroid patients compared to controls. In hypothyroid patients, an inverse correlation of Memory Dysfunction score with FA was observed in the right and left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, whereas a positive correlation with MD was observed in the right anterior thalamic radiation among all white matter tracts. These findings suggest that microstructural changes in white matter fibres may contribute to the underlying dysfunction in memory in hypothyroid patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Singh
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), New Delhi, India
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Hemanth Kumar BS, Mishra SK, Trivedi R, Singh S, Rana P, Khushu S. Demyelinating evidences in CMS rat model of depression: a DTI study at 7 T. Neuroscience 2014; 275:12-21. [PMID: 24881571 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Depression is among the most debilitating diseases worldwide. Long-term exposure to stressors plays a major role in development of human depression. Chronic mild stress (CMS) seems to be a valid animal model for depression. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is capable of inferring microstructural abnormalities of the white matter and has shown to serve as non-invasive marker of specific pathology. We developed a CMS rat model of depression and validated with behavioral experiments. We measured the diffusion indices (mean diffusivity (MD), fractional anisotropy (FA), axial (λ∥) and radial (λ⊥) diffusivity) to investigate the changes in CMS rat brain during depression onset. Diffusion indices have shown to be useful to discriminate myelin damage from axon loss. DTI was performed in both control and CMS rats (n=10, in each group) and maps of FA, MD, λ∥ and λ⊥ diffusivity values were generated using in-house built software. The diffusion indices were calculated by region of interest (ROI) analysis in different brain regions like the frontal cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, cingulum, thalamus, caudate putamen, corpus callosum, cerebral peduncle and sensory motor cortex. The results showed signs of demyelination, reflected by increased MD, decreased FA and increased λ⊥. The results also suggest a possible role of edema or inflammation concerning the brain morphology in CMS rats. The overall finding using DTI suggests there might be a major role of loss of myelin sheath, which leads to disrupted connectivity between the limbic area and the prefrontal cortex during the onset of depression. Our findings indicate that interpretation of these indices may provide crucial information about the type and severity of mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Hemanth Kumar
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Brig. SK Mazumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - S K Mishra
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Brig. SK Mazumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - R Trivedi
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Brig. SK Mazumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - S Singh
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Brig. SK Mazumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - P Rana
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Brig. SK Mazumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - S Khushu
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Brig. SK Mazumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India.
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Kraaijenbrink T, van der Gaag KJ, Zuniga SB, Xue Y, Carvalho-Silva DR, Tyler-Smith C, Jobling MA, Parkin EJ, Su B, Shi H, Xiao CJ, Tang WR, Kashyap VK, Trivedi R, Sitalaximi T, Banerjee J, Gaselô KTO, Tuladhar NM, Opgenort JRML, van Driem GL, Barbujani G, de Knijff P. A linguistically informed autosomal STR survey of human populations residing in the greater Himalayan region. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91534. [PMID: 24614536 PMCID: PMC3948894 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The greater Himalayan region demarcates two of the most prominent linguistic phyla in Asia: Tibeto-Burman and Indo-European. Previous genetic surveys, mainly using Y-chromosome polymorphisms and/or mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms suggested a substantially reduced geneflow between populations belonging to these two phyla. These studies, however, have mainly focussed on populations residing far to the north and/or south of this mountain range, and have not been able to study geneflow patterns within the greater Himalayan region itself. We now report a detailed, linguistically informed, genetic survey of Tibeto-Burman and Indo-European speakers from the Himalayan countries Nepal and Bhutan based on autosomal microsatellite markers and compare these populations with surrounding regions. The genetic differentiation between populations within the Himalayas seems to be much higher than between populations in the neighbouring countries. We also observe a remarkable genetic differentiation between the Tibeto-Burman speaking populations on the one hand and Indo-European speaking populations on the other, suggesting that language and geography have played an equally large role in defining the genetic composition of present-day populations within the Himalayas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirsa Kraaijenbrink
- MGC Department of Human and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kristiaan J. van der Gaag
- MGC Department of Human and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sofia B. Zuniga
- MGC Department of Human and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Yali Xue
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Chris Tyler-Smith
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A. Jobling
- Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Emma J. Parkin
- Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Bing Su
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology and Kunming Primate Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Hong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology and Kunming Primate Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Chun-Jie Xiao
- Human Genetics Centre, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Wen-Ru Tang
- Human Genetics Centre, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, PR China
| | - V. K. Kashyap
- National DNA Analysis Center, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Kolkata, India
| | - R. Trivedi
- National DNA Analysis Center, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Kolkata, India
| | - T. Sitalaximi
- National DNA Analysis Center, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Kolkata, India
| | - Jheelam Banerjee
- National DNA Analysis Center, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Kolkata, India
| | - Karma Tshering of Gaselô
- Himalayan Languages Project, Institut für Sprachwissenschaft, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nirmal M. Tuladhar
- Centre for Nepal and Asian Studies, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
| | | | - George L. van Driem
- Himalayan Languages Project, Institut für Sprachwissenschaft, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Guido Barbujani
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Peter de Knijff
- MGC Department of Human and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
- * E-mail: (P. de Knijff)
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Kureel J, Dixit M, Tyagi AM, Mansoori MN, Srivastava K, Raghuvanshi A, Maurya R, Trivedi R, Goel A, Singh D. miR-542-3p suppresses osteoblast cell proliferation and differentiation, targets BMP-7 signaling and inhibits bone formation. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1050. [PMID: 24503542 PMCID: PMC3944264 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that interfere with translation of specific target mRNAs and thereby regulate diverse biological processes. Recent studies have suggested that miRNAs might have a role in osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Here, we show that miR-542-3p, a well-characterized tumor suppressor whose downregulation is tightly associated with tumor progression via C-src-related oncogenic pathways, inhibits osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. miRNA array profiling in Medicarpin (a pterocarpan with proven bone-forming effects) induced mice calvarial osteoblast cells and further validation by quantitative real-time PCR revealed that miR-542-3p was downregulated during osteoblast differentiation. Over-expression of miR-542-3p inhibited osteoblast differentiation, whereas inhibition of miR-542-3p function by anti-miR-542-3p promoted expression of osteoblast-specific genes, alkaline phosphatase activity and matrix mineralization. Target prediction analysis tools and experimental validation by luciferase 3′ UTR reporter assay identified BMP-7 (bone morphogenetic protein 7) as a direct target of miR-542-3p. It was seen that over-expression of miR-542-3p leads to repression of BMP-7 and inhibition of BMP-7/PI3K- survivin signaling. This strongly suggests that miR-542-3p suppresses osteogenic differentiation and promotes osteoblast apoptosis by repressing BMP-7 and its downstream signaling. Furthermore, silencing of miR-542-3p led to increased bone formation, bone strength and improved trabecular microarchitecture in sham and ovariectomized (Ovx) mice. Although miR-542-3p is known to be a tumor repressor, we have identified second complementary function of miR-542-3p where it inhibits BMP-7-mediated osteogenesis. Our findings suggest that pharmacological inhibition of miR-542-3p by anti-miR-542-3p could represent a therapeutic strategy for enhancing bone formation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kureel
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), Lucknow, India
| | - M Dixit
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), Lucknow, India
| | - A M Tyagi
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), Lucknow, India
| | - M N Mansoori
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), Lucknow, India
| | - K Srivastava
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), Lucknow, India
| | - A Raghuvanshi
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, India
| | - R Maurya
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, India
| | - R Trivedi
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), Lucknow, India
| | - A Goel
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, India
| | - D Singh
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), Lucknow, India
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Hussain MK, Ansari MI, Yadav N, Gupta PK, Gupta AK, Saxena R, Fatima I, Manohar M, Kushwaha P, Khedgikar V, Gautam J, Kant R, Maulik PR, Trivedi R, Dwivedi A, Kumar KR, Saxena AK, Hajela K. Design and synthesis of ERα/ERβ selective coumarin and chromene derivatives as potential anti-breast cancer and anti-osteoporotic agents. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45749d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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Khedgikar V, Kushwaha P, Gautam J, Verma A, Changkija B, Kumar A, Sharma S, Nagar GK, Singh D, Trivedi PK, Sangwan NS, Mishra PR, Trivedi R. Withaferin A: a proteasomal inhibitor promotes healing after injury and exerts anabolic effect on osteoporotic bone. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e778. [PMID: 23969857 PMCID: PMC3763455 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Withania somnifera or Ashwagandha is a medicinal herb of Ayurveda. Though the extract and purified molecules, withanolides, from this plant have been shown to have different pharmacological activities, their effect on bone formation has not been studied. Here, we show that one of the withanolide, withaferin A (WFA) acts as a proteasomal inhibitor (PI) and binds to specific catalytic β subunit of the 20S proteasome. It exerts positive effect on osteoblast by increasing osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. WFA increased expression of osteoblast-specific transcription factor and mineralizing genes, promoted osteoblast survival and suppressed inflammatory cytokines. In osteoclast, WFA treatment decreased osteoclast number directly by decreasing expression of tartarate-resistant acid phosphatase and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK) and indirectly by decreasing osteoprotegrin/RANK ligand ratio. Our data show that in vitro treatment of WFA to calvarial osteoblast cells decreased expression of E3 ubiquitin ligase, Smad ubiquitin regulatory factor 2 (Smurf2), preventing degradation of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RunX2) and relevant Smad proteins, which are phosphorylated by bone morphogenetic protein 2. Increased Smurf2 expression due to exogenous treatment of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) to primary osteoblast cells was decreased by WFA treatment. This was corroborated by using small interfering RNA against Smurf2. Further, WFA also blocked nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kB) signaling as assessed by tumor necrosis factor stimulated nuclear translocation of p65-subunit of NF-kB. Overall data show that in vitro proteasome inhibition by WFA simultaneously promoted osteoblastogenesis by stabilizing RunX2 and suppressed osteoclast differentiation, by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis. Oral administration of WFA to osteopenic ovariectomized mice increased osteoprogenitor cells in the bone marrow and increased expression of osteogenic genes. WFA supplementation improved trabecular micro-architecture of the long bones, increased biomechanical strength parameters of the vertebra and femur, decreased bone turnover markers (osteocalcin and TNFα) and expression of skeletal osteoclastogenic genes. It also increased new bone formation and expression of osteogenic genes in the femur bone as compared with vehicle groups (Sham) and ovariectomy (OVx), Bortezomib (known PI), injectible parathyroid hormone and alendronate (FDA approved drugs). WFA promoted the process of cortical bone regeneration at drill-holes site in the femur mid-diaphysis region and cortical gap was bridged with woven bone within 11 days of both estrogen sufficient and deficient (ovariectomized, Ovx) mice. Together our data suggest that WFA stimulates bone formation by abrogating proteasomal machinery and provides knowledge base for its clinical evaluation as a bone anabolic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Khedgikar
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
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Bergeon N, Tourret D, Chen L, Debierre JM, Guérin R, Ramirez A, Billia B, Karma A, Trivedi R. Spatiotemporal dynamics of oscillatory cellular patterns in three-dimensional directional solidification. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:226102. [PMID: 23767735 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.226102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We report results of directional solidification experiments conducted on board the International Space Station and quantitative phase-field modeling of those experiments. The experiments image for the first time in situ the spatially extended dynamics of three-dimensional cellular array patterns formed under microgravity conditions where fluid flow is suppressed. Experiments and phase-field simulations reveal the existence of oscillatory breathing modes with time periods of several 10's of minutes. Oscillating cells are usually noncoherent due to array disorder, with the exception of small areas where the array structure is regular and stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bergeon
- Institut Matériaux Microélectronique Nanosciences de Provence, Aix-Marseille Université and CNRS UMR 7334, Campus Saint-Jérôme, Case 142, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
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Srivastava K, Tyagi AM, Khan K, Dixit M, Lahiri S, Kumar A, Changkija B, Khan MP, Nagar GK, Yadav DK, Maurya R, Singh SP, Jain GK, Trivedi R, Chattopadhyay N, Singh D. Isoformononetin, a methoxydaidzein present in medicinal plants, reverses bone loss in osteopenic rats and exerts bone anabolic action by preventing osteoblast apoptosis. Phytomedicine 2013; 20:470-480. [PMID: 23395215 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Daidzein (Daid) has been implicated in bone health for its estrogen-'like' effects but low bioavailability, unfavorable metabolism and uterine estrogenicity impede its clinical potential. This study was aimed at assessing isoformononetin (Isoformo), a naturally occurring methoxydaidzein, for bone anabolic effect by overcoming the pitfalls associated with Daid. METHODS Sprague-Dawley ovariectomized (OVx) rats with established osteopenia were administered Isoformo, 17β-oestradiol (E2) or human parathyroid hormone. Efficacy was evaluated by bone microarchitecture using microcomputed tomography and determination of new bone formation by fluorescent labeling of bone. Osteoblast apoptosis was measured by co-labeling of bone sections with Runx-2 and TUNEL. Biochemical markers of bone metabolism were measured by ELISA. Plasma and bone marrow levels of Isoformo and Daid were determined by LC-MS-MS. Rat bone marrow stromal cells were harvested to study osteoblastic differentiation by Isoformo and Daid. New born rat pups were injected with Isoformo and Daid to study the effect of the compounds on the expression of osteogenic genes in the calvaria by real time PCR. RESULTS In osteopenic rats, Isoformo treatment restored trabecular microarchitecture, increased new bone formation, increased the serum osteogenic marker (procollagen N-terminal propeptide), decreased resorptive marker (urinary C-terminal teleopeptide of type I collagen) and diminished osteoblast apoptosis in bone. At the most effective osteogenic dose of Isoformo, plasma and bone marrow levels were comprised of ~90% Isoformo and the rest, Daid. Isoformo at the concentration reaching the bone marrow achieved out of its most effective oral dosing induced stromal cell mineralization and osteogenic gene expression in the calvaria of neonatal rats. Isoformo exhibited uterine safety. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that Isoformo reverses established osteopenia in adult OVx rats likely via its pro-survival effect on osteoblasts. Given its bone anabolic and anti-catabolic effects accompanied with safety at uterine level we propose its potential in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Srivastava
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Chattar Manzil, Lucknow, India
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Barone D, Ban V, Kirollos R, Trivedi R, Bulters D, Santarius T. The Use of a Stereoscopic Camera for Recording of Microsurgical Operations: A 4-Year Experience. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1316269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Singh D, Srivastava K, Tyagi A, Trivedi R, Maurya R. 105 ISOFORMONONETIN RESTORES TRABECULAR MICROARCHITECTURE AND PROMOTES NEW BONE FORMATION IN ADULT OSTEOPENIC RATS. Maturitas 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5122(12)70216-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Trivedi R, Anuradha H, Agarwal A, Rathore RKS, Prasad KN, Tripathi RP, Gupta RK. Correlation of quantitative diffusion tensor tractography with clinical grades of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2011; 32:714-20. [PMID: 21330388 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a2380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE SSPE is a persistent infection of the central nervous system caused by the measles virus. The correlation between the clinical staging and conventional MR imaging is usually poor. The purpose of this study was to determine whether tract-specific DTI measures in the major white mater tracts correlate with clinical grades as defined by the Jabbour classification for SSPE. MATERIALS AND METHODS Quantitative DTT was performed on 20 patients with SSPE (mean age, 9 years) and 14 age- and sex-matched controls. All patients were graded on the basis of the Jabbour classification into grade II (n=9), grade III (n=6), and grade IV (n=5) SSPE. The major white matter tracts quantified included the CC, SLF, ILF, CST, CNG, SCP, MCP, ICP, ATR, STR, and PTR. RESULTS Although a successive decrease in mean FA values was observed in all the fiber tracts except for the SCP and ICP, moving from controls to grade IV, a significant inverse correlation between clinical grade and mean FA values was observed only in the splenium (r=-0.908, P<.001), CST (r=-0.663, P=.013), SLF (r=-0.533, P=.050), ILF (r=-0.776, P=.001), STR (r=-0.538, P=.047), and PTR (r=-0.686, P=.035) fibers. No significant correlation of mean MD values from these white matter tracts was observed with clinical grades of the disease. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the grade of encephalopathy correlates inversely with the tract-specific mean FA values. This information may be valuable in studying the disease progression with time and in assessing the therapeutic response in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Trivedi
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Trivedi R, Mithal A, Chattopadhyay N. Anabolics in osteoporosis: the emerging therapeutic tool. Curr Mol Med 2010; 10:14-28. [PMID: 20205677 DOI: 10.2174/156652410791065372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2009] [Accepted: 05/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Anabolic therapy for osteoporosis has become the most desirable therapeutic option for menopausal osteoporosis. The anabolic agents currently in clinical use are reviewed. Teriparatide (recombinant human 1-34 parathyroid hormone) is used to treat women with menopausal osteoporosis and men at high risk for fractures. Despite PTH's clinical use, the mechanism underlying its anabolic action requires greater elucidation. Proteol (strontium ranelate) acts by inhibiting bone resorption and presumably promoting bone formation. Though clinical trials have shown that strontium ranelate reduces the frequency of both vertebral and non-vertebral fractures, its molecular target remains controversial. Lately, with the discontinuation of estrogen replacement therapy, phytoestrogens are gaining much attention, chiefly as prophylactic agents. Though ipriflavone stimulates osteoblast function in vitro and favorably influences bone turnover and spinal bone mineral density in peri- and postmenopausal women, its clinical use is currently rather limited. As with PTH and strontium ranelate, the mode of action of ipriflavone requires much greater elucidation. Since osteoporosis therapies are long-term, safety is a major consideration. PTH has been reported to be associated with incidence of osteosarcoma and strontium ranelate with DRESS syndrome. Therefore, target-based (and osteoblast-specific) development of molecules is expected to improve the safety profile of anabolics. Calcium-sensing receptor, insulin-like growth factor-1, members of wingless tail signaling family, and sclerostin are emerging concepts in bone anabolic therapy. We will cover the preclinical development of some bone anabolic agents under active investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Trivedi
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
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Awasthi R, Gupta RK, Trivedi R, Singh JK, Paliwal VK, Rathore RKS. Diffusion tensor MR imaging in children with pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation and their siblings. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2009; 31:442-7. [PMID: 19850762 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a1849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE It has been reported that iron concentration influences DTI metrics in deep gray matter nuclei. We hypothesized that increased FA in the deep gray nuclei may indicate abnormal iron accumulation in patients with PKAN and their siblings. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven patients with the characteristic "eye-of-the-tiger sign," their 5 siblings, and 5 age-matched controls were prospectively studied. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc multiple comparisons was used to compare DTI metrics (FA and MD) among subject groups in the putamen, CN, GP, SN, and ALIC. In addition, hypointense and hyperintense regions of the eye-of-the-tiger sign were segmented, and their DTI metrics were compared. In the patient group, the values of DTI metrics in hypointense regions were also compared with those of the ALIC. RESULTS A significant increase in FA values of the GP and SN from controls to the patient group to siblings was observed. In the GP, MD values were significantly higher in patients compared with controls and siblings. The patients showed significantly increased FA with decreased MD in hypointense compared with hyperintense regions of the eye-of-the-tiger sign. No difference in FA values were observed between the ALIC and hypointense regions of the eye-of-the-tiger sign in patients. CONCLUSIONS High FA values in siblings of patients with PKAN suggest the presence of abnormal iron in deep gray matter nuclei, even in the absence of its demonstration on T2*-weighted GRE.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Awasthi
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Krithika S, Trivedi R, Kashyap VK, Bharati P, Vasulu TS. Antiquity, geographic contiguity and genetic affinity among Tibeto-Burman populations of India: A microsatellite study. Ann Hum Biol 2009; 33:26-42. [PMID: 16500809 DOI: 10.1080/03014460500424043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Tibeto-Burman (TB) populations are one of the four major linguistic population groups of India. They are considered belonging to different stocks and show wide variation in culture and language; however, their genetic relationship, antiquity and migration history among the regional populations has been little investigated. Molecular genetic studies are expected to clearly show the antiquity and genetic diversity of these populations. AIM This paper seeks to understand the extent and magnitude of genetic affinities and diversities among 14 TB populations (12 Indian and two global groups), investigate the findings based on classical genetic markers and verify the historical accounts of their migration and genetic history based on 12 microsatellite markers. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The allele frequency data for 12 STR loci of 13 Asian (Tibeto-Burman) populations were obtained from the literature and the Adi Pasi data was obtained by microsatellite typing of their blood samples. The 12 loci studied are D5S818, FGA, D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, THO1, D13S317, vWa, TPOX, D18S51. Three different distance measures, two phylogenetic trees and PCA plot have been employed to understand the genetic relationship of the studied populations. RESULTS Average heterozygosity values range from 68 to 79% and the average G(ST) value is 4.7%. The dendrogram, based on the D(A) distance, shows the clustering of populations based on their diversities and geographical contiguity; the Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh populations especially cluster together, populations from Sikkim form a separate subcluster and Manipur populations along with the Garo of West Bengal separate out from the other clusters. The Harpending and Ward regression model shows isolated populations positioned below the regression line and others, who experience external gene flow, placed above the line. The results support folklore migration accounts of their possible antiquity with the Tibetan and southern Chinese populations. CONCLUSIONS Overall, geographic contiguity, punctuated by isolating barriers, is a major influencing factor of genetic affinity among the TB population; contiguous populations within a region show greater genetic relationship than with distant TB populations over a wide geographical area. The results of the microsatellite study also support the history of diverse routes of migration of these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Krithika
- Biological Anthropology Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India
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Howarth S, Tang T, Trivedi R, Weerakkody R, U-King-Im J, Gaunt M, Boyle J, Li Z, Miller S, Graves M, Gillard J. Utility of USPIO-enhanced MR imaging to identify inflammation and the fibrous cap: A comparison of symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. Eur J Radiol 2009; 70:555-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2008.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2007] [Revised: 01/30/2008] [Accepted: 01/30/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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McFetridge-Durdle J, Sherwood A, Hughes J, Blumenthal J, Hinderliter A, Trivedi R. SP38 Cardiovascular Reactivity during Stress in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1474-5151(09)60149-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Sherwood
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - J. Hughes
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - J. Blumenthal
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - A. Hinderliter
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - R. Trivedi
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
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Trivedi R, Mithal A, Chattopadhyay N. Pharmacological manipulation of calcium-sensing receptor: Prospect as anabolic therapy for postmenopausal osteoporosis. DRUG FUTURE 2009. [DOI: 10.1358/dof.2009.034.10.1415096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Trivedi R, Mithal A, Chattopadhyay N. Pharmacological manipulation of calcium-sensing receptor: Prospect as anabolic therapy for postmenopausal osteoporosis. DRUG FUTURE 2009. [DOI: 10.1358/dof.2009.34.10.1415096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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U-King-Im JM, Tang TY, Patterson A, Graves MJ, Howarth S, Li ZY, Trivedi R, Bowden D, Kirkpatrick PJ, Gaunt ME, Warburton EA, Antoun NM, Gillard JH. Characterisation of carotid atheroma in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients using high resolution MRI. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2008; 79:905-12. [PMID: 18187480 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2007.127969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To prospectively evaluate differences in carotid plaque characteristics in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients using high resolution MRI. METHODS 20 symptomatic and 20 asymptomatic patients, with at least 50% carotid stenosis as determined by Doppler ultrasound, underwent preoperative in vivo multispectral MRI of the carotid arteries. Studies were analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively in a randomised manner by two experienced readers in consensus, blinded to clinical status, and plaques were classified according to the modified American Heart Association (AHA) criteria. RESULTS After exclusion of poor quality images, 109 MRI sections in 18 symptomatic and 19 asymptomatic patients were available for analysis. There were no significant differences in mean luminal stenosis severity (72.9% vs 67.6%; p = 0.09) or plaque burden (median plaque areas 50 mm(2) vs 50 mm(2); p = 0.858) between the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups. However, symptomatic lesions had a higher incidence of ruptured fibrous caps (36.5% vs 8.7%; p = 0.004), haemorrhage or thrombus (46.5% vs 14.0%; p<0.001), large necrotic lipid cores (63.8% vs 28.0%; p = 0.002) and complicated type VI AHA lesions (61.5% vs 28.1%; p = 0.001) compared with asymptomatic lesions. The MRI findings of plaque haemorrhage or thrombus had an odds ratio of 5.25 (95% CI 2.08 to 13.24) while thin or ruptured fibrous cap (as opposed to a thick fibrous cap) had an odds ratio of 7.94 (95% CI 2.93 to 21.51) for prediction of symptomatic clinical status. CONCLUSIONS There are significant differences in plaque characteristics between symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid atheroma and these can be detected in vivo by high resolution MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M U-King-Im
- University Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Gite A, Trivedi R, Ali US. Deep vein thrombosis associated with osteomyelitis. Indian Pediatr 2008; 45:418-419. [PMID: 18515935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Three children developed deep vein thrombosis (DVT) along with osteomyelitis of the femur. Although DVT was recognized early, the diagnosis of associated osteomyelitis was delayed due to overlapping clinical signs and the absence of radiological changes in the initial X-rays.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gite
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India
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Gupta RK, Nath K, Prasad A, Prasad KN, Husain M, Rathore RKS, Husain N, Srivastava C, Khetan P, Trivedi R, Narayana PA. In vivo demonstration of neuroinflammatory molecule expression in brain abscess with diffusion tensor imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2007; 29:326-32. [PMID: 17989372 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a0826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Neuroinflammatory molecules, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin1-beta, lymphocyte function associated molecule-1, and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 contribute to the development of brain abscess. We hypothesized that the high fractional anisotropy (FA) in the brain abscess cavity reflects the upregulation of these neuroinflammatory molecules. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was performed in 24 patients with brain abscess and Staphylococcus aureus-treated as well as nontreated Jurket cell lines (at 4 time points: 1, 24, 48, and 72 hours). Neuroinflammatory molecules were quantified from the brain abscess cavity aspirate of the patients as well as from the heat-killed S aureus-treated and nontreated cell lines and correlated with DTI measures. RESULTS The DTI-derived FA strongly correlated with the presence of neuroinflammatory molecules in the pus as well as in S aureus-treated cell lines; no such correlation was observed in nontreated cell lines. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that neuroinflammatory molecules confer high diffusion anisotropy inside the brain abscess cavity. We propose that increased FA reflects upregulated inflammatory response in brain abscess.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Gupta
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India.
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Krithika S, Trivedi R, Kashyap VK, Vasulu TS. Allele frequency distribution at 15 autosomal STR loci in Panggi, Komkar and Padam sub tribes of Adi, a Tibeto-Burman speaking population of Arunachal Pradesh, India. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2007; 9:210-7. [PMID: 17306594 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2007.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2006] [Revised: 12/27/2006] [Accepted: 01/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Fifteen autosomal STR loci were analyzed in 223 healthy individuals belonging to three remote, isolated Tibeto-Burman speaking sub tribes namely, Panggi, Komkar and Padam of Adi tribe of Arunachal Pradesh, India. The analyzed markers exhibited a high degree of polymorphism in the studied populations. Statistical parameters of forensic interest; observed heterozygosity, probability of homozygosity, exact test, likelihood ratio test, power of discrimination, power of exclusion, match probability and typical paternity index were determined for all loci. The average heterozygosity values were found to be low in the three populations (Panggi: 0.7747; Komkar: 0.7742 and Padam: 0.7663). The combined power of discrimination and power of exclusion were 0.9999 in the studied populations thereby revealing the high forensic significance of the chosen markers. The study indicates the utility of the tested microsatellite markers in forensic human identification, paternity testing and human population genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Krithika
- Biological Anthropology Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata 700 108, West Bengal, India
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Kantam ML, Srinivas P, Kumar KS, Trivedi R. An efficient LDH-Pd0-catalyzed three-component coupling of aryl iodides, alkynes and alkenes. CATAL COMMUN 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2006.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Abstract
POPULATION Eighty male individuals from a nomadic tribal population belonging to Dravidian and Indo-Caucasian ethnicities from Deccan Plateau, Andhra Pradesh, India, were analyzed in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Hima Bindu
- National DNA Analysis Center, Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Kolkata, India
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Krithika S, Trivedi R, Kashyap VK, Vasulu TS. Genotype Profile for Fifteen Tetranucleotide Repeat Loci in Two Tibeto-Burman Speaking Tribal Populations of Arunachal Pradesh, India. J Forensic Sci 2007; 52:239-41. [PMID: 17209951 DOI: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2006.00347.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Krithika
- Biological Anthropology Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 BT Road, Kolkata 700 108, India
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Hedrick J, Davis A, Lincourt W, Trivedi R, Ellsworth A, Crim C. Cardiac Safety of Ventolin® HFA in Children <48 Months Old. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.12.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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