1
|
Farrell M, Dietterich TE, Harner MK, Bruno LM, Filmyer DM, Shaughnessy RA, Lichtenstein ML, Britt AM, Biondi TF, Crowley JJ, Lázaro-Muñoz G, Forsingdal AE, Nielsen J, Didriksen M, Berg JS, Wen J, Szatkiewicz J, Mary Xavier R, Sullivan PF, Josiassen RC. Increased Prevalence of Rare Copy Number Variants in Treatment-Resistant Psychosis. Schizophr Bull 2023; 49:881-892. [PMID: 36454006 PMCID: PMC10318882 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbac175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains unknown why ~30% of patients with psychotic disorders fail to respond to treatment. Previous genomic investigations of treatment-resistant psychosis have been inconclusive, but some evidence suggests a possible link between rare disease-associated copy number variants (CNVs) and worse clinical outcomes in schizophrenia. Here, we identified schizophrenia-associated CNVs in patients with treatment-resistant psychotic symptoms and then compared the prevalence of these CNVs to previously published schizophrenia cases not selected for treatment resistance. METHODS CNVs were identified using chromosomal microarray (CMA) and whole exome sequencing (WES) in 509 patients with treatment-resistant psychosis (a lack of clinical response to ≥3 adequate antipsychotic medication trials over at least 5 years of psychiatric hospitalization). Prevalence of schizophrenia-associated CNVs in this sample was compared to that in a previously published large schizophrenia cohort study. RESULTS Integrating CMA and WES data, we identified 47 cases (9.2%) with at least one CNV of known or possible neuropsychiatric risk. 4.7% (n = 24) carried a known neurodevelopmental risk CNV. The prevalence of well-replicated schizophrenia-associated CNVs was 4.1%, with duplications of the 16p11.2 and 15q11.2-q13.1 regions, and deletions of the 22q11.2 chromosomal region as the most frequent CNVs. Pairwise loci-based analysis identified duplications of 15q11.2-q13.1 to be independently associated with treatment resistance. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that CNVs may uniquely impact clinical phenotypes beyond increasing risk for schizophrenia and may potentially serve as biological entry points for studying treatment resistance. Further investigation will be necessary to elucidate the spectrum of phenotypic characteristics observed in adult psychiatric patients with disease-associated CNVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martilias Farrell
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Lisa M Bruno
- Translational Neuroscience, LLC, Conshohocken, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Allison M Britt
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tamara F Biondi
- Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - James J Crowley
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz
- Center for Bioethics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jacob Nielsen
- Division of Neuroscience, H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Denmark
| | | | - Jonathan S Berg
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jia Wen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jin Szatkiewicz
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rose Mary Xavier
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Patrick F Sullivan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Harner MK, Lichtenstein M, Farrell M, Dietterich TE, Filmyer DM, Bruno LM, Biondi TF, Crowley JJ, Lázaro-Muñoz G, Stowe R, Shaughnessy RA, Berg JS, Szatkiewicz J, Sullivan PF, Josiassen RC. Treatment-resistant psychotic symptoms and early-onset dementia: A case report of the 3q29 deletion syndrome. Schizophr Res 2020; 224:195-197. [PMID: 32943312 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The 3q29 deletion is a rare copy number variant associated with neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders, including a >40-fold increased risk for schizophrenia. Current understanding of the clinical phenotype is derived primarily from published cases of patients in childhood or early adolescence. Symptoms include mild to moderate learning disability, developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, microcephaly, ocular disorders, and gastrointestinal abnormalities. There is, however, a lack of detailed longitudinal case studies describing 3q29 deletion syndrome in adults with psychosis. In this case report, we describe the lifetime clinical portrait of a 57-year-old woman with 3q29 deletion syndrome, treatment-resistant psychotic symptoms, multiple medical comorbidities, and a previously unreported co-occurrence of early-onset dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maya Lichtenstein
- Department of Neurology, Geisinger Health System, Wilkes Barre, PA, USA
| | - Martilias Farrell
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Lisa M Bruno
- Translational Neuroscience LLC, Conshohocken, PA, USA
| | - Tamara F Biondi
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - James J Crowley
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz
- Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert Stowe
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Neurology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Jonathan S Berg
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jin Szatkiewicz
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Patrick F Sullivan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Filmyer DM, Finkel G, Plasay M, Shaughnessy RA, Josiassen RC. A comparison of simple reaction times in psychotic inpatients with and without hyponatremia. Schizophr Res 2019; 208:449-450. [PMID: 30992156 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dawn M Filmyer
- Translational Neuroscience, Conshohocken, PA 19428, USA.
| | - Genna Finkel
- Translational Neuroscience, Conshohocken, PA 19428, USA
| | | | - Rita A Shaughnessy
- Translational Neuroscience, Conshohocken, PA 19428, USA; Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Richard C Josiassen
- Translational Neuroscience, Conshohocken, PA 19428, USA; Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Farrell M, Lichtenstein M, Crowley JJ, Filmyer DM, Lázaro-Muñoz G, Shaughnessy RA, Mackenzie IR, Hirsch-Reinshagen V, Stowe R, Evans JP, Berg JS, Szatkiewicz J, Josiassen RC, Sullivan PF. Developmental Delay, Treatment-Resistant Psychosis, and Early-Onset Dementia in a Man With 22q11 Deletion Syndrome and Huntington's Disease. Am J Psychiatry 2018; 175:400-407. [PMID: 29712475 PMCID: PMC5935124 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17060638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martilias Farrell
- From the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; the Department of Neurology, Geisinger Health System, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; Translational Neuroscience, Conshohocken, Pa.; the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Maya Lichtenstein
- From the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; the Department of Neurology, Geisinger Health System, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; Translational Neuroscience, Conshohocken, Pa.; the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - James J Crowley
- From the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; the Department of Neurology, Geisinger Health System, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; Translational Neuroscience, Conshohocken, Pa.; the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Dawn M Filmyer
- From the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; the Department of Neurology, Geisinger Health System, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; Translational Neuroscience, Conshohocken, Pa.; the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz
- From the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; the Department of Neurology, Geisinger Health System, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; Translational Neuroscience, Conshohocken, Pa.; the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Rita A Shaughnessy
- From the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; the Department of Neurology, Geisinger Health System, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; Translational Neuroscience, Conshohocken, Pa.; the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Ian R Mackenzie
- From the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; the Department of Neurology, Geisinger Health System, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; Translational Neuroscience, Conshohocken, Pa.; the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Veronica Hirsch-Reinshagen
- From the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; the Department of Neurology, Geisinger Health System, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; Translational Neuroscience, Conshohocken, Pa.; the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Robert Stowe
- From the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; the Department of Neurology, Geisinger Health System, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; Translational Neuroscience, Conshohocken, Pa.; the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - James P Evans
- From the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; the Department of Neurology, Geisinger Health System, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; Translational Neuroscience, Conshohocken, Pa.; the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Jonathan S Berg
- From the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; the Department of Neurology, Geisinger Health System, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; Translational Neuroscience, Conshohocken, Pa.; the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Jin Szatkiewicz
- From the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; the Department of Neurology, Geisinger Health System, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; Translational Neuroscience, Conshohocken, Pa.; the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Richard C Josiassen
- From the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; the Department of Neurology, Geisinger Health System, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; Translational Neuroscience, Conshohocken, Pa.; the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Patrick F Sullivan
- From the Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; the Department of Neurology, Geisinger Health System, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; Translational Neuroscience, Conshohocken, Pa.; the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lázaro-Muñoz G, Farrell MS, Crowley JJ, Filmyer DM, Shaughnessy RA, Josiassen RC, Sullivan PF. Improved ethical guidance for the return of results from psychiatric genomics research. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:15-23. [PMID: 29158581 PMCID: PMC5752587 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is an emerging consensus that genomic researchers should, at a minimum, offer to return to individual participants clinically valid, medically important and medically actionable genomic findings (for example, pathogenic variants in BRCA1) identified in the course of research. However, this is not a common practice in psychiatric genetics research. Furthermore, psychiatry researchers often generate findings that do not meet all of these criteria, yet there may be ethically compelling arguments to offer selected results. Here, we review the return of results debate in genomics research and propose that, as for genomic studies of other medical conditions, psychiatric genomics researchers should offer findings that meet the minimum criteria stated above. Additionally, if resources allow, psychiatry researchers could consider offering to return pre-specified 'clinically valuable' findings even if not medically actionable-for instance, findings that help corroborate a psychiatric diagnosis, and findings that indicate important health risks. Similarly, we propose offering 'likely clinically valuable' findings, specifically, variants of uncertain significance potentially related to a participant's symptoms. The goal of this Perspective is to initiate a discussion that can help identify optimal ways of managing the return of results from psychiatric genomics research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Lázaro-Muñoz
- Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M S Farrell
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - J J Crowley
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweeden
| | - D M Filmyer
- Translational Neuroscience LLC, Conshohocken, PA, USA
| | - R A Shaughnessy
- Translational Neuroscience LLC, Conshohocken, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - R C Josiassen
- Translational Neuroscience LLC, Conshohocken, PA, USA
| | - P F Sullivan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Josiassen RC, Filmyer DM, Gillean J, Shah SS, Dietterich TE, Shaughnessy RA. Successful Treatment of Severe Tardive Dyskinesia with Valbenazine, Including a Patient's Perspective. Am J Case Rep 2017; 18:1185-1189. [PMID: 29114100 PMCID: PMC5687123 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.906454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Patient: Female, 49 Final Diagnosis: Tardive dyskinesia Symptoms: Dyskinesia • dystonia Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Oral valbenazine Specialty: Psychiatry
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jack Gillean
- TMS Health Solutions, Oakland, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Syed Sikandar Shah
- Department of Psychiatry, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Bayhealth Psychiatry, Dover, DE, USA
| | | | - Rita A Shaughnessy
- Translational Neuroscience LLC, Conshohocken, PA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Josiassen RC, Filmyer DM, Gillean JA, Shaughnessy RA. Vaptans Are Effective in Treating Hyponatremia in Psychotic Patients. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2013; 15:13lr01575. [DOI: 10.4088/pcc.13lr01575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
|
8
|
Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Josiassen
- Drexel University College of Medicine, 180 Barren Hill Rd, Conshohocken, PA 19428, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Josiassen RC, Curtis JL, Shaughnessy RA, Filmyer DM, Geboy AG, Skuban N, Ouyang J, Czerwiec F. Vaptans: a potential new approach for treating chronic hyponatremia in psychotic patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 6:21-6. [PMID: 22453866 DOI: 10.3371/csrp.6.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hyponatremia (serum sodium concentration [Na+] <136 mEq/L) is a potentially life-threatening condition often found chronically in patients with psychotic disorders. Vasopressin antagonists have recently been shown in short-term studies to correct hyponatremia in diverse patient populations, including individuals with both psychosis and idiopathic hyponatremia. However, the safety and efficacy of long-term administration of vaptans is only beginning to be investigated. The objective of this study was to assess whether one of the vaptans, specifically tolvaptan, maintained its safety and efficacy over a prolonged period in patients with psychosis and chronic idiopathic hyponatremia. METHODS SALTWATER was a multicenter, open-label extension of the Study of Ascending Levels of Tolvaptan in Hyponatremia. Of the 111 patients enrolled in SALTWATER, eight were patients with both psychosis and idiopathic hyponatremia. These eight subjects provided a total of 7,406 patient days of exposure to oral tolvaptan. RESULTS Mean serum [Na+] in the eight psychotic patients increased from 131.6 mEq/L at baseline to >135 mEq/L throughout the observation period (p<0.05 versus baseline at most points). No drug-related adverse events led to study discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS Chronic hyponatremia is known to have deleterious effects on the quality of life for many patient groups. These preliminary results suggest that oral tolvaptan provides rapid, effective, and safe treatment of chronic hyponatremia in patients with psychotic disorders and that the effect is safely sustained over long periods of time. These findings represent an important step forward in treating a significant unmet need in psychotic populations.
Collapse
|
10
|
Josiassen RC, Filmyer DM, Geboy AG, Martin DM, Curtis JL, Shaughnessy RA, Salzman A, Orlandi C. Psychomotor Deficits Associated With Hyponatremia: A Retrospective Analysis. Clin Neuropsychol 2012; 26:74-87. [DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2011.628697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
11
|
Josiassen RC, Curtis J, Filmyer DM, Geboy AG, Shaughnessy RA. 64-Year-Old Male with Undifferentiated Schizophrenia, Lengthy Institutionalization, Water Imbalance. Psychiatr Ann 2011. [DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20110119-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
12
|
Josiassen RC, Shaughnessy RA, Filmyer DM, Audino B. Attributing Hyponatraemia to Treatment with Antipsychotic Medications. Drug Saf 2011; 34:353-4; author reply 354-5. [DOI: 10.2165/11589110-000000000-00000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
13
|
Josiassen RC, Curtis J, Filmyer DM, Audino B, Skuban N, Shaughnessy RA. Tolvaptan: a new tool for the effective treatment of hyponatremia in psychotic disorders. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2010; 11:637-48. [PMID: 20163274 DOI: 10.1517/14656561003610656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD Hyponatremia (serum sodium concentration < 136 mEq/liter) is a common and potentially life-threatening medical comorbidity seen in patients with psychotic disorders. Tolvaptan, a selective antagonist of the V(2)-receptor, is FDA-approved for the treatment of clinically significant hypervolemic and euvolemic hyponatremia. This represents a major development in the care of psychotic individuals with hyponatremia. AREAS COVERED IN THE REVIEW This review provides an overview of the existing literature on prevalence rates and risk factors associated with hyponatremia in psychotic patients (1923 - present). Tolvaptan is discussed as a potential advance in the treatment of hyponatremia in patients with psychotic disorders, and preliminary data are reviewed. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN The reader will gain an appreciation of the prevalence of hyponatremia among psychotic individuals, an understanding of the distinctions between acute and chronic hyponatremia in this population, and awareness that effective treatments are becoming available. TAKE HOME MESSAGE A modest literature exists regarding prevalence rates and risk factors associated with hyponatremia in psychotic populations. Hyponatremia is common and serious enough to merit clinical concern. Perhaps, now that tolvaptan has been FDA-approved, progress will accelerate and new insights will develop that begin to bring relief from this medical comorbidity among psychotic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Josiassen
- Drexel University College of Medicine, 1427 Vine Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Josiassen RC, Shaughnessy RA, Filymer DM, Donohue AM, Kacso M, Finkel N, Curtis J, Audino B, Skuban N. Early intervention with second-generation antipsychotics in first-episode psychosis: results of an 8-week naturalistic study. Early Interv Psychiatry 2010; 4:57-63. [PMID: 20199481 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-7893.2010.00163.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to compare short-term effectiveness of aripiprazole with three other second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) in the treatment of first-episode psychosis. METHOD In a naturalistic, 'single-blind' design, 60 subjects experiencing their first psychotic episode were treated for 8 weeks with aripiprazole (n = 19), risperidone (n = 16), olanzapine (n = 14) or quetiapine (n = 11). Medication and dosing decisions were made by treating psychiatrists, constrained to once-a-day dosing, low initial doses and no clozapine. Weekly ratings were obtained using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Simpson-Angus Rating Scale and Barnes Akathasia Rating Scale. Weight and vital signs were also collected weekly. RESULTS The group presented with severe psychotic symptoms (mean baseline PANSS total score of 105.2), which were reduced rapidly (P < 0.0005). The between-group and group by time interaction terms were non-significant. Similar reductions were seen across all PANSS sub-scales. At Week 1 the mean PANSS Activation Scale score was reduced more with olanzapine than in the other groups (P < 0.002). Few instances of extrapyramidal symptoms occurred; all were sporadic and did not require treatment. Group body weight increased by 7.3% over the study. Vital signs remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS Early intervention with low doses of four SGAs led to rapid symptom reduction in first-episode psychotic patients with severe psychopathology. Although no clear medication advantages were observed in the short term, longer duration studies with larger samples will be required for determining efficacy, rates of compliance, relapse prevention and diminished incidence of extrapyramidal signs and symptoms.
Collapse
|
15
|
Josiassen RC, Joseph A, Kohegyi E, Stokes S, Dadvand M, Paing WW, Shaughnessy RA. Clozapine augmented with risperidone in the treatment of schizophrenia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Psychiatry 2005; 162:130-6. [PMID: 15625211 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.162.1.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors evaluated the efficacy and safety of augmenting clozapine with risperidone in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. METHOD In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 12-week trial, 40 patients unresponsive or partially responsive to clozapine monotherapy received a steady dose of clozapine combined with either placebo (N=20) or up to 6 mg/day of risperidone (N=20). Patient psychopathology was assessed at 2-week intervals with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), among other measures. Movement disorders were assessed with the Simpson-Angus Rating Scale. RESULTS From baseline to week 6 and week 12, mean BPRS total and positive symptom subscale scores were reduced significantly in both groups, but the reductions were significantly greater with clozapine/risperidone treatment. Reductions in SANS scores were also significantly greater with clozapine/risperidone treatment than with clozapine/placebo. The adverse event profile for clozapine/risperidone treatment was similar to that for clozapine/placebo. Simpson-Angus Rating Scale scores were lower with clozapine/risperidone treatment throughout the trial but increased to approach those of clozapine/placebo treatment at week 12. Clozapine/risperidone treatment did not induce additional weight gain, agranulocytosis, or seizures compared with clozapine/placebo treatment. CONCLUSIONS In patients with a suboptimal response to clozapine, the addition of risperidone improved overall symptoms and positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The combination appears to be safe and well tolerated. Augmentation of clozapine with risperidone may provide additional clinical benefit for patients who are nonresponsive or only partially responsive to clozapine alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Josiassen
- The Arthur P. Noyes Research Foundation, Norristown State Hospital, Norristown, PA 19401, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Marek GJ, Heffner TG, Richards JB, Shaughnessy RA, Li AA, Seiden LS. Effects of caffeine and PD 116,600 on the differential-reinforcement-of-low rate 72-S (DRL 72-S) schedule of reinforcement. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1993; 45:987-90. [PMID: 8415842 DOI: 10.1016/0091-3057(93)90153-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Caffeine and PD 116,600 were found to decrease the reinforcement rate and increase the response rate in rats performing under a differential-reinforcement-of-low rate 72-s (DRL 72-s) schedule of reinforcement. In contrast, antidepressant drugs previously have been found to increase the reinforcement and decrease the response rate. Caffeine has been found to test similar to antidepressant drugs on at least one other behavioral screen, but caffeine does not possess clinical antidepressant properties. These results provide further support for the DRL 72-s schedule as a behavioral screen for antidepressant drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G J Marek
- University of Chicago, Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Sciences, IL 60637
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Commins DL, Shaughnessy RA, Axt KJ, Vosmer G, Seiden LS. Variability among brain regions in the specificity of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced lesions. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 1989; 77:197-210. [PMID: 2503586 DOI: 10.1007/bf01248932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA; 200 micrograms, 150 micrograms or 110 micrograms) or vehicle was infused stereotaxically into the lateral ventricles of rats, usually following pretreatment with desmethylimipramine (DMI). Various brain regions were then assayed for dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE). As expected, 6-OHDA depleted DA in all brain regions examined. Unexpectedly, however, the two highest doses of 6-OHDA significantly decreased 5-HT levels in the hippocampus and increased 5-HT levels in the striatum. In addition, despite pretreatment with doses of DMI commonly considered adequate to block 6-OHDA-induced depletion of NE, all doses of 6-OHDA tested significantly reduced NE levels in the hippocampus, hypothalamus and septum. We interpret our data as suggesting that some brain regions are susceptible to nonspecific toxic effects of 6-OHDA at doses commonly employed. Furthermore, these nonspecific effects may or may not occur, depending on seemingly minor variations in experimental technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D L Commins
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Sciences, University of Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Seiden LS, Pachman SH, Heffner TG, Shaughnessy RA, Vosmer G. The effect of water-deprivation on locomotor activity in rats treated with 6-hydroxydopamine. Brain Res 1985; 337:225-32. [PMID: 3928086 DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(85)90058-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Male albino rats treated with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) became more hyperactive than did vehicle-treated controls when both groups were water-deprived. Rats were treated with vehicle, 150 or 250 micrograms of 6-OHDA intraventricularly, after pretreatment with desmethylimpramine (25 mg/kg) and pargyline (50 mg/kg). Eleven days after these treatments, under ad libitum water conditions, the 6-OHDA-treated rats were slightly hypoactive. After several days of water-deprivation all three groups showed increased mean locomotor activity levels, but rats treated with 6-OHDA showed a much greater increase than did vehicle-treated rats. Under subsequent ad libitum and deprivation conditions, locomotor activity decreased and increased, respectively, in all 3 groups. Again, the changes in activity levels of the 6-OHDA-treated groups were greater than those of the vehicle-treated group. In addition, rats treated with 250 micrograms 6-OHDA seemed to become sensitized to the novel environment of the stabilimeter rather than habituating to it. Dopamine (DA) levels were decreased as a result of the injections of 6-OHDA, and significant correlations were found between DA levels in the caudate-putamen and nucleus accumbens, and locomotor activity levels. These results, as well as those obtained by others, suggest that there is an interaction among DA levels, deprivational states, and locomotor activity levels in rats.
Collapse
|
19
|
Seiden LS, Dahms JL, Shaughnessy RA. Behavioral screen for antidepressants: the effects of drugs and electroconvulsive shock on performance under a differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate schedule. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1985; 86:55-60. [PMID: 3161116 DOI: 10.1007/bf00431684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Those antidepressant drugs that are in wide clinical use decrease response rate and increase reinforcement rate when administered to rats performing on a differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate 72-s (DRL 72-s) schedule. Drugs that are not antidepressants do not have this effect. In this experiment, the following were examined for their effects on a DRL 72-s schedule: trazodone, zimelidine, fluoxetine, and bupropion (atypical antidepressants); electroconvulsive shock (ECS, which is an effective treatment for depression); and haloperidol and clozapine (antipsychotic drugs). Trazodone (3.12-25.00 mg/kg), fluoxetine (10-20 mg/kg), and ECS decreased response rate and increased reinforcement rate. Zimelidine (20 mg/kg) increased reinforcement rate and nonsignificantly decreased response rate. At doses between 2.5 and 40 mg/kg, bupropion had no effect on reinforcement rate or response rate, but at 60 mg/kg response rate was increased and reinforcement rate was nonsignificantly decreased. At the higher dose, the effects of bupropion resemble those of a psychomotor stimulant. Haloperidol (0.04 mg/kg) and clozapine (2.5-10.0 mg/kg) decreased response rate and reinforcement rate. These results suggest that the DRL 72-s schedule may be useful for testing the antidepressant potential of new drugs.
Collapse
|