1
|
Zhan C, Lee N, Lan G, Dan Q, Cowan A, Wang Z, Baidoo EEK, Kakumanu R, Luckie B, Kuo RC, McCauley J, Liu Y, Valencia L, Haushalter RW, Keasling JD. Improved polyketide production in C. glutamicum by preventing propionate-induced growth inhibition. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1127-1140. [PMID: 37443355 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00830-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Corynebacterium glutamicum is a promising host for production of valuable polyketides. Propionate addition, a strategy known to increase polyketide production by increasing intracellular methylmalonyl-CoA availability, causes growth inhibition in C. glutamicum. The mechanism of this inhibition was unclear before our work. Here we provide evidence that accumulation of propionyl-CoA and methylmalonyl-CoA induces growth inhibition in C. glutamicum. We then show that growth inhibition can be relieved by introducing methylmalonyl-CoA-dependent polyketide synthases. With germicidin as an example, we used adaptive laboratory evolution to leverage the fitness advantage of polyketide production in the presence of propionate to evolve improved germicidin production. Whole-genome sequencing revealed mutations in germicidin synthase, which improved germicidin titer, as well as mutations in citrate synthase, which effectively evolved the native glyoxylate pathway to a new methylcitrate pathway. Together, our results show that C. glutamicum is a capable host for polyketide production and we can take advantage of propionate growth inhibition to drive titers higher using laboratory evolution or to screen for production of polyketides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunjun Zhan
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Departments of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Namil Lee
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Departments of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Guangxu Lan
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Qingyun Dan
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Aidan Cowan
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Zilong Wang
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Departments of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Edward E K Baidoo
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ramu Kakumanu
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Bridget Luckie
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Rita C Kuo
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Joshua McCauley
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Yuzhong Liu
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Luis Valencia
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Robert W Haushalter
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA.
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Jay D Keasling
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA.
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Departments of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Center for Biosustainability, Danish Technical University, Lyngby, Denmark.
- Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Shenzhen Institutes for Advanced Technologies, Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kuo RC, Zhang H, Stuart JD, Provatas AA, Hannick L, Lin S. Abundant synthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in Eutreptiella sp. (Euglenozoa) revealed by chromatographic and transcriptomic analyses. J Phycol 2021; 57:577-591. [PMID: 33191494 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Algal lipids are important molecules to store energy in algae and transfer energy in the marine food chain, and are potential materials for high value nutraceuticals (e.g., omega-3 fatty acids) or biofuel production. However, how lipid biosynthesis is regulated is not well understood in many species including Eutreptiella from the phylum of Euglenozoa. Here, we characterized the fatty acid (FA) profile of an Eutreptiella species isolated from Long Island Sound, USA, using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS/MS) and investigated their biosynthesis pathways by transcriptome sequencing. We discovered 24 types of FAs including a relatively high proportion of long-chain unsaturated FAs. The abundances of C16, C18, and saturated FAs decreased when phosphate in the culture medium was depleted. Among the 24 FAs, docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6∆4,7,10,13,16,19 ) was most abundant, suggesting that Eutreptiella sp. preferentially invests in the synthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PFAs). Further transcriptomic analysis revealed that Eutreptiella sp. likely synthesizes LC-PFAs via ∆8 pathway and uses type I and II fatty acid synthases. Using RT-qPCR, we found that some of the lipid synthesis genes, such as β-ketoacyl-ACP reductase, fatty acid desaturase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, acyl carrier protein, ∆8 desaturase, and Acyl-ACP thioesterase, were more actively expressed during light period, and two carbon fixation genes were up-regulated in the high-lipid illuminated cultures, suggesting a linkage between photosynthesis and lipid production. The lipid profile renders Eutreptiella sp. a nutritional prey and valuable source for nutraceuticals, and the biosynthesis pathway documented here will be useful for future research and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita C Kuo
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, Connecticut, 06340, USA
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, Connecticut, 06340, USA
| | - James D Stuart
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269, USA
| | - Anthony A Provatas
- Center of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269, USA
| | - Linda Hannick
- SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Rockville, Maryland, 20852, USA
| | - Senjie Lin
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, Connecticut, 06340, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang YT, Chuang WY, Ho BC, Wu ZY, Kuo RC, Ko M, Liu PY. Comparative genomics reveals diverse capsular polysaccharide synthesis gene clusters in emerging Raoultella planticola. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2018; 113:e180192. [PMID: 30204830 PMCID: PMC6135345 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760180192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Raoultella planticola is an emerging zoonotic pathogen that is associated with rare but life-threatening cases of bacteremia, biliary tract infections, and urinary tract infections. Moreover, increasing antimicrobial resistance in the organism poses a potential threat to public health. In spite of its importance as a human pathogen, the genome of R. planticola remains largely unexplored and little is known about its virulence factors. Although lipopolysaccharides has been detected in R. planticola and implicated in the virulence in earlier studies, the genetic background is unknown. Here, we report the complete genome and comparative analysis of the multidrug-resistant clinical isolate R. planticola GODA. The complete genome sequence of R. planticola GODA was sequenced using single-molecule real-time DNA sequencing. Comparative genomic analysis reveals distinct capsular polysaccharide synthesis gene clusters in R. planticola GODA. In addition, we found blaTEM-57 and multiple transporters related to multidrug resistance. The availability of genomic data in open databases of this emerging zoonotic pathogen, in tandem with our comparative study, provides better understanding of R. planticola and the basis for future work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Ting Huang
- National Chung Cheng University, Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yao Chuang
- National Chung Cheng University, Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Ching Ho
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zong-Yen Wu
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA.,National Chung Hsing University, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Rita C Kuo
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA
| | - Mengwei Ko
- University of California, Division of Oral Biology and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Po-Yu Liu
- Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.,National Chung Hsing University, College of Life Sciences, Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, Taichung, Taiwan.,National Chung Hsing University, PhD Program in Translational Medicine, Taichung, Taiwan.,Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zuo C, Blow M, Sreedasyam A, Kuo RC, Ramamoorthy GK, Torres-Jerez I, Li G, Wang M, Dilworth D, Barry K, Udvardi M, Schmutz J, Tang Y, Xu Y. Revealing the transcriptomic complexity of switchgrass by PacBio long-read sequencing. Biotechnol Biofuels 2018; 11:170. [PMID: 29951114 PMCID: PMC6009963 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1167-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is an important bioenergy crop widely used for lignocellulosic research. While extensive transcriptomic analyses have been conducted on this species using short read-based sequencing techniques, very little has been reliably derived regarding alternatively spliced (AS) transcripts. RESULTS We present an analysis of transcriptomes of six switchgrass tissue types pooled together, sequenced using Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) single-molecular long-read technology. Our analysis identified 105,419 unique transcripts covering 43,570 known genes and 8795 previously unknown genes. 45,168 are novel transcripts of known genes. A total of 60,096 AS transcripts are identified, 45,628 being novel. We have also predicted 1549 transcripts of genes involved in cell wall construction and remodeling, 639 being novel transcripts of known cell wall genes. Most of the predicted transcripts are validated against Illumina-based short reads. Specifically, 96% of the splice junction sites in all the unique transcripts are validated by at least five Illumina reads. Comparisons between genes derived from our identified transcripts and the current genome annotation revealed that among the gene set predicted by both analyses, 16,640 have different exon-intron structures. CONCLUSIONS Overall, substantial amount of new information is derived from the PacBio RNA data regarding both the transcriptome and the genome of switchgrass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunman Zuo
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA USA
- BESC BioEnergy Research Center, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA
| | - Matthew Blow
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA USA
| | | | - Rita C. Kuo
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA USA
| | | | | | - Guifen Li
- Noble Research Institute, LLC, Ardmore, OK USA
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA USA
| | - David Dilworth
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA USA
| | - Kerrie Barry
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA USA
| | | | - Jeremy Schmutz
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA USA
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL USA
| | - Yuhong Tang
- BESC BioEnergy Research Center, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA
- Noble Research Institute, LLC, Ardmore, OK USA
| | - Ying Xu
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA USA
- BESC BioEnergy Research Center, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang YT, Chen JM, Ho BC, Wu ZY, Kuo RC, Liu PY. Genome Sequencing and Comparative Analysis of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila Reveal Evolutionary Insights Into Sulfamethoxazole Resistance. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1013. [PMID: 29867899 PMCID: PMC5966563 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila is an aerobic, glucose non-fermentative, Gram-negative bacterium that been isolated from various environmental sources, particularly aquatic ecosystems. Although resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents has been reported in S. acidaminiphila, the mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, for the first time, we report the complete genome and antimicrobial resistome analysis of a clinical isolate S. acidaminiphila SUNEO which is resistant to sulfamethoxazole. Comparative analysis among closely related strains identified common and strain-specific genes. In particular, comparison with a sulfamethoxazole-sensitive strain identified a mutation within the sulfonamide-binding site of folP in SUNEO, which may reduce the binding affinity of sulfamethoxazole. Selection pressure analysis indicated folP in SUNEO is under purifying selection, which may be owing to long-term administration of sulfonamide against Stenotrophomonas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Ting Huang
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Min Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Ching Ho
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zong-Yen Wu
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, United States.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Rita C Kuo
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, United States
| | - Po-Yu Liu
- The Department of Nursing, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Martino E, Morin E, Grelet GA, Kuo A, Kohler A, Daghino S, Barry KW, Cichocki N, Clum A, Dockter RB, Hainaut M, Kuo RC, LaButti K, Lindahl BD, Lindquist EA, Lipzen A, Khouja HR, Magnuson J, Murat C, Ohm RA, Singer SW, Spatafora JW, Wang M, Veneault-Fourrey C, Henrissat B, Grigoriev IV, Martin FM, Perotto S. Comparative genomics and transcriptomics depict ericoid mycorrhizal fungi as versatile saprotrophs and plant mutualists. New Phytol 2018; 217:1213-1229. [PMID: 29315638 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Some soil fungi in the Leotiomycetes form ericoid mycorrhizal (ERM) symbioses with Ericaceae. In the harsh habitats in which they occur, ERM plant survival relies on nutrient mobilization from soil organic matter (SOM) by their fungal partners. The characterization of the fungal genetic machinery underpinning both the symbiotic lifestyle and SOM degradation is needed to understand ERM symbiosis functioning and evolution, and its impact on soil carbon (C) turnover. We sequenced the genomes of the ERM fungi Meliniomyces bicolor, M. variabilis, Oidiodendron maius and Rhizoscyphus ericae, and compared their gene repertoires with those of fungi with different lifestyles (ecto- and orchid mycorrhiza, endophytes, saprotrophs, pathogens). We also identified fungal transcripts induced in symbiosis. The ERM fungal gene contents for polysaccharide-degrading enzymes, lipases, proteases and enzymes involved in secondary metabolism are closer to those of saprotrophs and pathogens than to those of ectomycorrhizal symbionts. The fungal genes most highly upregulated in symbiosis are those coding for fungal and plant cell wall-degrading enzymes (CWDEs), lipases, proteases, transporters and mycorrhiza-induced small secreted proteins (MiSSPs). The ERM fungal gene repertoire reveals a capacity for a dual saprotrophic and biotrophic lifestyle. This may reflect an incomplete transition from saprotrophy to the mycorrhizal habit, or a versatile life strategy similar to fungal endophytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Martino
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, 10125, Italy
- INRA, UMR 1136 INRA-Université de Lorraine 'Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes', Laboratoire d'Excellence ARBRE, Centre INRA-Lorraine, 54280, Champenoux, France
| | - Emmanuelle Morin
- INRA, UMR 1136 INRA-Université de Lorraine 'Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes', Laboratoire d'Excellence ARBRE, Centre INRA-Lorraine, 54280, Champenoux, France
| | - Gwen-Aëlle Grelet
- Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research, Ecosystems and Global Change Team, Gerald Street, PO Box 69040, Lincoln, 7640, New Zealand
| | - Alan Kuo
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, 94598, USA
| | - Annegret Kohler
- INRA, UMR 1136 INRA-Université de Lorraine 'Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes', Laboratoire d'Excellence ARBRE, Centre INRA-Lorraine, 54280, Champenoux, France
| | - Stefania Daghino
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, 10125, Italy
| | - Kerrie W Barry
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, 94598, USA
| | - Nicolas Cichocki
- INRA, UMR 1136 INRA-Université de Lorraine 'Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes', Laboratoire d'Excellence ARBRE, Centre INRA-Lorraine, 54280, Champenoux, France
| | - Alicia Clum
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, 94598, USA
| | - Rhyan B Dockter
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, 94598, USA
| | - Matthieu Hainaut
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, UMR7257 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Aix-Marseille Université, Case 932, 163 Avenue de Luminy, Marseille, 13288, France
- INRA, USC 1408 AFMB, Marseille, 13288, France
| | - Rita C Kuo
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, 94598, USA
| | - Kurt LaButti
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, 94598, USA
| | - Björn D Lindahl
- Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, 75007, Sweden
| | - Erika A Lindquist
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, 94598, USA
| | - Anna Lipzen
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, 94598, USA
| | | | - Jon Magnuson
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Chemical and Biological Process Development Group, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Claude Murat
- INRA, UMR 1136 INRA-Université de Lorraine 'Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes', Laboratoire d'Excellence ARBRE, Centre INRA-Lorraine, 54280, Champenoux, France
| | - Robin A Ohm
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, 94598, USA
- Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3508, TB Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Steven W Singer
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Joseph W Spatafora
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Mei Wang
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, 94598, USA
| | - Claire Veneault-Fourrey
- INRA, UMR 1136 INRA-Université de Lorraine 'Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes', Laboratoire d'Excellence ARBRE, Centre INRA-Lorraine, 54280, Champenoux, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence ARBRE, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, UMR 1136 INRA-Université de Lorraine 'Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes', Université de Lorraine, Campus Aiguillettes, BP 70239, Vandoeuvre les Nancy cedex, 54506, France
| | - Bernard Henrissat
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, UMR7257 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Aix-Marseille Université, Case 932, 163 Avenue de Luminy, Marseille, 13288, France
- INRA, USC 1408 AFMB, Marseille, 13288, France
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University - KSA, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Igor V Grigoriev
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, 94598, USA
| | - Francis M Martin
- INRA, UMR 1136 INRA-Université de Lorraine 'Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes', Laboratoire d'Excellence ARBRE, Centre INRA-Lorraine, 54280, Champenoux, France
| | - Silvia Perotto
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, 10125, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
A Bayesian hierarchical model is developed for count data with spatial and temporal correlations as well as excessive zeros, uneven sampling intensities, and inference on missing spots. Our contribution is to develop a model on zero-inflated count data that provides flexibility in modeling spatial patterns in a dynamic manner and also improves the computational efficiency via dimension reduction. The proposed methodology is of particular importance for studying species presence and abundance in the field of ecological sciences. The proposed model is employed in the analysis of the survey data by the Northeast Fisheries Sciences Center (NEFSC) for estimation and prediction of the Atlantic cod in the Gulf of Maine - Georges Bank region. Model comparisons based on the deviance information criterion and the log predictive score show the improvement by the proposed spatial-temporal model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Cincinnati, 2815 Commons Way Cincinnati, OH 45221-0025, USA
| | - Ming-Hui Chen
- Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, 215 Glenbrook Road, U-4120 Storrs, CT 06269-4120, U.S.A
| | - Rita C Kuo
- Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Dipak K Dey
- Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, 215 Glenbrook Road, U-4120 Storrs, CT 06269-4120, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kuo RC, Lin S. Ectobiotic and endobiotic bacteria associated with Eutreptiella sp. isolated from Long Island Sound. Protist 2012; 164:60-74. [PMID: 23107230 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2012.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 08/25/2012] [Accepted: 08/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diversity and functional association of bacteria with Eutreptiella sp. was investigated. 16S rDNA analysis of ectobiotic bacteria revealed various lineages of Alphaproteobacteria and abundant Gammaproteobacteria, specifically Marinobacter. Antibiotic treatment yielded axenic cultures, and experiments based on them indicated that ectobiotic bacteria likely provide vitamin B(12) and other growth-enhancing factors for the alga. Further, DAPI staining and transmission electron microscopy revealed endobiotic bacteria in the cytoplasm of algal cells. 16S rDNA analysis showed that the bacteria belonged to one species that was most closely related to Rickettsiales endosymbionts of other organisms and phylogenetically affiliated with a new group of aquatic Rickettsiales. Observations from a diel experiment indicated that the endobiotic bacteria reproduced asynchronously with Eutreptiella sp. and had no adverse effects on lipid production (bioenergetics) or growth of the host alga. Our study reveals a diverse microbiome associated with this euglenoid alga, offering a system for studying the roles of algae-bacteria associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita C Kuo
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
The early steps that lead to the rise in calcium and egg activation at fertilization are unknown but of great interest--particularly with the advent of in vitro fertilization techniques for treating male infertility and whole-animal cloning by nuclear transfer. This calcium rise is required for egg activation and the subsequent events of development in eggs of all species. Injection of intact sperm or sperm extracts can activate eggs, suggesting that sperm-derived factors may be involved. Here we show that nitric oxide synthase is present at high concentration and active in sperm after activation by the acrosome reaction. An increase in nitrosation within eggs is evident seconds after insemination and precedes the calcium pulse of fertilization. Microinjection of nitric oxide donors or recombinant nitric oxide synthase recapitulates events of egg activation, whereas prior injection of oxyhaemoglobin, a physiological nitric oxide scavenger, prevents egg activation after fertilization. We conclude that nitric oxide synthase and nitric-oxide-related bioactivity satisfy the primary criteria of an egg activator: they are present in an appropriate place, active at an appropriate time, and are necessary and sufficient for successful fertilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R C Kuo
- Neurosciences Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, California 94305, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Baxter GT, Kuo RC, Jupp OJ, Vandenabeele P, MacEwan DJ. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha mediates both apoptotic cell death and cell proliferation in a human hematopoietic cell line dependent on mitotic activity and receptor subtype expression. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:9539-47. [PMID: 10092639 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.14.9539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The TF-1 human erythroleukemic cell line exhibits opposing physiological responses toward tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) treatment, dependent upon the mitotic state of the cells. Mitotically active cells in log growth respond to TNF by rapidly undergoing apoptosis whereas TNF exposure stimulates cellular proliferation in mitotically quiescent cells. The concentration-dependent TNF-induced apoptosis was monitored by cellular metabolic activity and confirmed by both DNA epifluorescence and DNA fragmentation. Moreover, these responses could be detected by measuring extracellular acidification activity, enabling rapid prediction (within approximately 1.5 h of TNF treatment) of the fate of the cell in response to TNF. Growth factor resupplementation of quiescent cells, resulting in reactivation of cell cycling, altered TNF action from a proliferative stimulus to an apoptotic signal. Expression levels of the type II TNF receptor subtype (p75TNFR) were found to correlate with sensitivity to TNF-induced apoptosis. Pretreatment of log growth TF-1 cells with a neutralizing anti-p75TNFR monoclonal antibody inhibited TNF-induced apoptosis by greater than 80%. Studies utilizing TNF receptor subtype-specific TNF mutants and neutralizing antisera implicated p75TNFR in TNF-dependent apoptotic signaling. These data show a bifunctional physiological role for TNF in TF-1 cells that is dependent on mitotic activity and controlled by the p75TNFR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G T Baxter
- Cornell Nanofabrication Facility, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Baxter GT, Radeke MJ, Kuo RC, Makrides V, Hinkle B, Hoang R, Medina-Selby A, Coit D, Valenzuela P, Feinstein SC. Signal transduction mediated by the truncated trkB receptor isoforms, trkB.T1 and trkB.T2. J Neurosci 1997; 17:2683-90. [PMID: 9092589 PMCID: PMC6573096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/1996] [Revised: 01/23/1997] [Accepted: 01/31/1997] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The trkB family of transmembrane proteins serves as receptors for BDNF and NT-4/5. The family is composed of a tyrosine kinase-containing isoform as well as several alternatively spliced "truncated receptors" with identical extracellular ligand-binding domains but very small intracellular domains. The two best-characterized truncated trkB receptors, designated as trkB.T1 and trkB.T2, contain intracellular domains of only 23 and 21 amino acids, respectively. Although it is known that the tyrosine kinase isoform (trkB.FL) is capable of initiating BDNF and NT-4/5-induced signal transduction, the functional role or roles of the truncated receptors remain enigmatic. At the same time, the potential importance of the truncated receptors in the development, maintenance, and regeneration of the nervous system has been highlighted by recent developmental and injury paradigm investigations. Here we have used trkB cDNA transfected cell lines to demonstrate that both trkB.T1 and trkB.T2 are capable of mediating BDNF-induced signal transduction. More specifically, BDNF activation of either trkB.T1 or trkB.T2 increases the rate of acidic metabolite release from the cell, a common physiological consequence of many signaling pathways. Further, these trkB.T1- and trkB. T2-mediated changes occur with kinetics distinct from changes mediated by trkB.FL, suggesting the participation of at least some unique rate-limiting component or components. Mutational analysis demonstrates that the isoform-specific sequences within the intracellular domains of each receptor are essential for signaling capability. Finally, inhibitor studies suggest that kinases are likely to be involved in the trkB.T1 and trkB.T2 signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G T Baxter
- Molecular Devices Corporation, Sunnyvale, California 94089, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Thibodeau A, Kuo RC, Crothers JM, Yao X, Owicki JC, Forte JG. Direct measurement of extracellular proton flux from isolated gastric glands. Am J Physiol 1994; 267:C1473-82. [PMID: 7977708 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.1994.267.5.c1473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We used the microphysiometer, a sensitive extracellular pH sensor, to resolve luminal (or apical) H+ secretion and basolateral release of OH- as well as liberation of acidic metabolites in rabbit gastric glands. Stimulation of glands via the adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate pathway produced a biphasic change in the extracellular acidification rate (EAR): after an initial transient decrease below the unstimulated baseline (-40.9 +/- 3.4%), the EAR increased to a steady-state maximal plateau (+98.1 +/- 5.3%) within 30 min (n = 37). We interpret the biphasic EAR profile as an initial excess of basolaterally released OH- followed by delayed luminal efflux of simultaneously produced H+. The elevated EAR at steady state reflected liberation of metabolic acid attributed to H(+)-K(+)-ATPase enzymatic activity. The presence of H2-4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid prevented OH- release and reduced steady-state EAR. Basolateral OH- release and steady-state EAR were also inhibited by the H(+)-K(+)-ATPase inactivators omeprazole and SCH-28080. Inhibition of Na+/H+ exchange did not reduce steady-state EAR and did not affect apical H+ production, as judged by the accumulation of the weak base aminopyrine. Sodium thiocyanate (1 mM), which short circuits intraluminal H+ accumulation, blocked OH- release, demonstrating its dependence on H(+)-OH- separation at the apical membrane. A computerized model was developed to illustrate how the observed biphasic EAR profile would result from a delayed luminal efflux of H+ due to transitory intraluminal compartmentalization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Thibodeau
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kuo RC, Baxter GT, Alajoki L, Miller DL, Libby JM, Owicki JC. A metabolic view of receptor activation in cultured cells following cryopreservation. Cryobiology 1993; 30:386-95. [PMID: 8403989 DOI: 10.1006/cryo.1993.1038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The effect of cryopreservation on agonist-induced receptor activation in mammalian cells was investigated with the Cytosensor microphysiometer, a biosensor that monitors cellular metabolic activity by measuring changes in extracellular pH. In this study, two different cell types--nonadherent TF-1 cells (from a human erythroleukemia patient) and adherent WT3 cells (CHO-K1 cells transfected with the m1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor)--were cryopreserved by freezing in a disposable cell capsule used in the microphysiometer. The recovery of metabolic activity by TF-1 cells was observed over approximately 1 h following thawing. Responses of the TF-1 cells to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and platelet activating factor (PAF) were measured before cryopreservation and 90 min after thawing. The GM-CSF and PAF responses retained 71 +/- 14% and 73 +/- 10% of maximum stimulation, respectively. Post-thaw cholinergic stimulation of WT3 cells was 73 +/- 9% of its level in similarly treated but unfrozen cells. Cryopreservation caused no detectable difference in desensitization of the response due to repeated application of carbachol. These results demonstrate the feasibility of pharmacological studies with cryopreserved cells in the microphysiometer and further suggest that the microphysiometer may be useful in exploring the biological consequences of cryopreservation in the early post-thaw period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R C Kuo
- Molecular Devices Corp., Menlo Park, California 94025
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Baxter GT, Miller DL, Kuo RC, Wada HG, Owicki JC. PKC epsilon is involved in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor signal transduction: evidence from microphysiometry and antisense oligonucleotide experiments. Biochemistry 1992; 31:10950-4. [PMID: 1445833 DOI: 10.1021/bi00160a002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We have used microphysiometry and antisense methodology to show that the epsilon isoenzyme of protein kinase C (PKC) is involved in the signal transduction pathway of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in a human bone marrow cell line, TF-1. These cells require GM-CSF or a related cytokine for proliferation. When the cells are appropriately exposed to GM-CSF, they exhibit a burst of metabolic activity that can be detected on the time scale of minutes in the microphysiometer, a biosensor-based instrument that measures the rate at which cells excrete protons. These cells express PKC alpha and -epsilon, as determined by Western blot analysis. Treatment with isoenzyme-specific antisense oligonucleotides inhibits expression appropriately, but only inhibition of PKC epsilon appreciably diminishes the burst of metabolic activity induced by GM-CSF. Consistent with the involvement of PKC epsilon, GM-CSF appears to activate phospholipase D and does not cause a detectable increase in cytosolic [Ca2+].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G T Baxter
- Molecular Devices Corporation, Menlo Park, California 94025
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|